阅读说明：本技术 一种调节土壤pH抑制烟草土传病害的方法 (Method for regulating soil pH to inhibit tobacco soil-borne diseases ) 是由 周志成 刘勇军 尹华群 孟德龙 刘天波 杨佳蒴 段淑辉 于 2021-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于土壤改良技术领域,具体涉及一种调节土壤pH抑制烟草土传病害的方法,包括如下操作步骤：(1)土壤深翻晒垡,(2)配制土壤消毒剂,(3)移栽前准备,(4)大田移栽,(5)施用追肥。本发明具有抑制土传病害,调节土壤pH的效果。同时能够提供烟草正常生长的养分,改善烟草根际土壤的微生态环境。(The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a method for regulating soil pH to inhibit tobacco soil-borne diseases, which comprises the following operation steps: (1) deep soil ploughing and sunning, (2) preparing a soil disinfectant, (3) preparing before transplanting, (4) transplanting in a field, and (5) applying topdressing. The invention has the effects of inhibiting soil-borne diseases and adjusting the pH value of soil. Meanwhile, the nutrient for normal growth of tobacco can be provided, and the micro-ecological environment of the tobacco rhizosphere soil is improved.)

1. A method for regulating soil pH to inhibit tobacco soil-borne diseases is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:

(1) deep ploughing and sunning of soil: after the crops in the previous season are harvested, deeply ploughing in time, wherein the ploughing depth is more than 20 cm;

(2) preparing a soil disinfectant: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of copper hydroxide, 10-25 parts of sulfur, 5-45 parts of quick lime, 5-10 parts of cuttlebone soak solution, 0-10 parts of fulvic acid and 0-15 parts of humic acid; mixing the materials, drying and sieving the mixture by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a soil disinfectant;

(3) preparation before transplanting: 2-3 Kg/mu of soil disinfectant is uniformly scattered on the surface of the soil, and the soil is ploughed; before ridging, 1-3 kg/mu of base fertilizer is applied to the tobacco field in a soil preparation manner;

(4) transplanting in a field: after ridging and hole digging, applying an organic fertilizer into each hole, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of bagasse, 20-40 parts of cow dung, 20-40 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of oil cake and 3-8 parts of calcium superphosphate; mixing bagasse, cow dung, corn straw, oil cake and calcium superphosphate, fermenting, and air-drying to obtain the organic fertilizer;

(5) applying additional fertilizer: after the tobacco seedlings are returned to the seedling stage, performing primary topdressing; and (5) the tobacco plants in the field enter a agglomeration period and are subjected to secondary topdressing.

2. The method for regulating soil pH to inhibit tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein the soil disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of copper hydroxide, 20 parts of sulfur, 30 parts of quick lime, 8 parts of cuttlebone soak solution, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of humic acid.

3. The method for adjusting the pH of soil to inhibit tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil disinfectant contains copper hydroxide in a concentration of 77% by mass and sulfur in a concentration of 80% by mass.

4. The method for regulating the pH of the soil to inhibit the tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer in the steps (3) and (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of fulvic acid iron diamine, 2-5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate, 2-5 parts of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid chelated copper, 2-5 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelated boron, 2-5 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 45-55 parts of brassin, 35-45 parts of light calcium carbonate, 25-35 parts of zeolite nitrate, 9-11 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 9-11 parts of calcium nitrate, 9-11 parts of gibberellic acid and 35-45 parts of potassium phosphite.

5. The method for regulating the pH of the soil to inhibit the tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of bagasse, 30 parts of cow dung, 30 parts of corn straw, 15 parts of oil cake and 5 parts of calcium superphosphate.

6. The method for regulating the pH of soil to inhibit tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the organic fertilizer is applied in an amount of 20-50g per hole.

7. The method for regulating the pH of the soil to inhibit the tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1, wherein the two topdressing ingredients in the step (5) are the same and comprise the following ingredients in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of potassium persulfate, 25-35 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 25-35 parts of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, 3-8 parts of magnesium carbonate and 2-7 parts of potassium tartrate.

8. The method for regulating the pH of soil to inhibit tobacco-borne diseases according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the first application amount of the top dressing is 8-10 kg/mu, and the second application amount is 4-6 kg/mu.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a method for regulating soil pH to inhibit tobacco soil-borne diseases.

Background

Crop soil-borne diseases (soil-borne disease) refer to diseases caused by pathogens germinating in soil medium under appropriate conditions and infecting crops. The soil-borne pathogens are distributed in various classification units such as fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses and the like, and can cause soil-borne diseases of various crops such as rhizoctonia rot, verticillium wilt, rhizoctonia, root rot, bacterial wilt, soft rot, root-knot nematodes, clubroot, clumpy roots and the like.

Tobacco is an important economic crop in Hunan province, and the area of flue-cured tobacco planted throughout the year is 6-8 ten thousand hm²Annual tobacco leaf purchase of 2.0 x 10⁵t is more than one of the important production areas of high-quality tobacco leaves in China. Therefore, the yield of the tobacco is important, the yield is influenced by a plurality of reasons, diseases have great influence on the yield of the tobacco, and the tobacco planting in dry land (mountain land) tobacco areas in northwest of Hunan province is continuous cropping for a long time, which causes frequent occurrence of soil-borne diseases. The soil is the basic condition for agricultural production,the composition is very complex, and the composition not only contains non-biological aggregates of minerals and organic substances, but also contains lives of various animals, plants, microorganisms and the like and living bodies which mutually influence the lives, namely a soil ecosystem. Soil microorganisms are closely related to soil pH regulation and plant disease development. First, soil pH is the best predictor of changes in soil bacterial flora, and the relative abundance and diversity of bacteria are strongly influenced by soil pH. The existing research shows that the gradual acidification of the soil can cause the outbreak of bacterial wilt, and the acidic condition (pH4.5-5.5) is favorable for the growth of pathogenic bacteria; secondly, the occurrence of the soil-borne diseases is closely related to the quantity of rhizosphere soil microorganisms, and rhizosphere disease-inhibiting soil microorganism populations can inhibit the soil-borne diseases of crops to a certain extent. Relevant studies have shown that the soil pH after tobacco planting can drop significantly. Therefore, the pH value of the tobacco planting soil is required to be detected and adjusted in time.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems of the existing tobacco-planting soil acidification and serious tobacco soil-borne diseases, the invention aims to provide a method for regulating the pH of soil to inhibit the tobacco soil-borne diseases. Can inhibit tobacco soil-borne diseases and relieve the problem of soil acidification. Meanwhile, the micro-ecological environment of the soil can be improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is mainly provided:

a method for regulating soil pH to inhibit tobacco soil-borne diseases comprises the following operation steps:

1) deep ploughing and sunning of soil: after the crops in the previous season are harvested, deeply ploughing in time, wherein the ploughing depth is more than 20 cm;

(2) preparing a soil disinfectant: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of copper hydroxide, 10-25 parts of sulfur, 5-45 parts of quick lime, 5-10 parts of cuttlebone soak solution, 0-10 parts of fulvic acid and 0-15 parts of humic acid; mixing the materials, drying and sieving the mixture by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a soil disinfectant;

(3) preparation before transplanting: 2-3 Kg/mu of soil disinfectant is uniformly scattered on the surface of the soil, and the soil is ploughed; before ridging, 1-3 kg/mu of base fertilizer is applied to the tobacco field in a soil preparation manner;

(4) transplanting in a field: after ridging and hole digging, applying an organic fertilizer into each hole, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of bagasse, 20-40 parts of cow dung, 20-40 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of oil cake and 3-8 parts of calcium superphosphate; mixing bagasse, cow dung, corn straw, oil cake and calcium superphosphate, fermenting, and air-drying to obtain the organic fertilizer;

(5) applying additional fertilizer: after the tobacco seedlings are returned to the seedling stage, performing primary topdressing; and (5) the tobacco plants in the field enter a agglomeration period and are subjected to secondary topdressing.

Further, the soil disinfectant in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of copper hydroxide, 20 parts of sulfur, 30 parts of quick lime, 8 parts of cuttlebone soak solution, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of humic acid.

Further, in the step (2), the mass percentage concentration of the copper hydroxide is 77%, and the mass percentage concentration of the sulfur is 80%.

The base fertilizer in the steps (3) and (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of fulvic acid iron diamine, 2-5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate, 2-5 parts of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid chelated copper, 2-5 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelated boron, 2-5 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 45-55 parts of brassin, 35-45 parts of light calcium carbonate, 25-35 parts of zeolite nitrate, 9-11 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 9-11 parts of calcium nitrate, 9-11 parts of gibberellic acid and 35-45 parts of potassium phosphite.

The light calcium carbonate, the zeolite nitrate, the ionic calcium and the calcium nitrate are used as main sources of calcium elements, the pH value of the tobacco planting soil can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the effective synergistic effect of the four components can improve the soil structure, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, improve the soil fertility preserving capability, activate insoluble phosphorus in the soil and improve the utilization rate of the phosphorus. The brassin is also called brassinolide, is a novel plant endogenous hormone, is a well-known high-efficiency, broad-spectrum and non-toxic plant growth regulator, and has strong penetration and rapid systemic absorption. Both the naphthylacetic acid and the gibberellic acid are broad-spectrum plant growth regulators, and the naphthylacetic acid can promote cell division and expansion; gibberellic acid can promote the growth and development of crops, make the crops mature early, improve the yield and improve the quality. The adopted iron ammonium fulvate, zinc lignosulfonate, hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid chelated copper and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelated boron are chelated compounds of iron, zinc, copper and boron elements, so that the effectiveness of trace elements in soil can be improved, and the absorption and utilization rate of the trace elements by plants can be greatly improved.

Further, the organic fertilizer in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of bagasse, 30 parts of cow dung, 30 parts of corn straw, 15 parts of oil cake and 5 parts of calcium superphosphate.

Further, the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 20-50g per hole.

Further, the components of the two topdressing in the step (5) are the same, and the two topdressing comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of potassium persulfate, 25-35 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 25-35 parts of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, 3-8 parts of magnesium carbonate and 2-7 parts of potassium tartrate.

Furthermore, the first application amount of the top dressing is 8-10 kg/mu, and the second application amount of the top dressing is 4-6 kg/mu.

The potassium persulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium carbonate and potassium tartrate are applied to soil, can be effectively absorbed by plants, and have little environmental pollution.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

copper hydroxide is a good soil disinfectant by using copper ions to induce the denaturation of pathogenic bacteria protein so as to kill bacteria, fungi and viruses. The sulfur is a mineral source bactericide which is allowed by green food and organic food planting, is environment-friendly and safe to people. The humic acid and the fulvic acid can inhibit the growth of pathogens, have a bactericidal effect, are low in price, have a direct bactericidal effect, and can improve the stress resistance of crops, so that soil-borne diseases of continuous cropping lands can be prevented. The copper hydroxide, the cuttlebone soak solution and the quick lime are alkaline, and the humic acid and the fulvic acid are acidic, so that the basification of soil is not caused, the growth of tobacco is facilitated, and the generation of pathogenic bacteria is inhibited. Most of the components of the organic fertilizer are residues, which is beneficial to resource recycling, environmental protection and environmental pollution reduction. And can improve the micro-ecological environment of the soil.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the variation of pH value of tobacco rhizosphere soil in different cultivation methods.

FIG. 2 shows the overall utilization of 31 carbon sources by soil microorganisms in tobacco planting fields.

FIG. 3 is a functional diversity index of soil microbial communities in tobacco plantation.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The materials used in the following examples are all commercially available from conventional sources.

Example 1

(1) Deep ploughing and sunning of soil: after the crops in the previous season are harvested, deeply ploughing in time, wherein the ploughing depth is more than 20 cm;

(2) preparing a soil disinfectant: weighing 45 parts of copper hydroxide, 20 parts of sulfur, 30 parts of quick lime, 8 parts of cuttlebone soak solution, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of humic acid; mixing the materials, drying and sieving the mixture by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a soil disinfectant;

(3) preparation before transplanting: 2.5 Kg/mu of soil disinfectant is uniformly scattered on the surface of the soil, and the soil is ploughed; before ridging, 8 kg/mu of base fertilizer is applied to a tobacco field in a land preparation mode, and the base fertilizer comprises 3 parts of fulvic acid diamine iron, 3 parts of zinc lignosulfonate, 3 parts of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid chelated copper, 3 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelated boron, 3 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 50 parts of brassin, 40 parts of light calcium carbonate, 30 parts of zeolite nitrate, 10 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of gibberellic acid and 40 parts of potassium hypophosphite;

(4) transplanting in a field: after ridging and hole making, applying 40g of organic fertilizer in each hole; weighing 30 parts of bagasse, 30 parts of cow dung, 30 parts of corn straw, 15 parts of oil cake and 5 parts of calcium superphosphate; mixing bagasse, cow dung, corn straw, oil cake and calcium superphosphate, fermenting, and air-drying to obtain the organic fertilizer;

(5) applying additional fertilizer: after the tobacco seedlings are returned to the seedling stage, performing first topdressing, wherein the application amount is 9 kg/mu; and (4) after the field tobacco plants enter the agglomeration period, performing secondary topdressing, wherein the application amount is 5 kg/mu. The top dressing component comprises 60 parts of potassium persulfate, 30 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, 5 parts of magnesium carbonate and 5 parts of potassium tartrate.

Example 2

(1) Deep ploughing and sunning of soil: after the crops in the previous season are harvested, deeply ploughing in time, wherein the ploughing depth is more than 20 cm;

(2) preparing a soil disinfectant: weighing 20 parts of copper hydroxide, 25 parts of sulfur, 45 parts of quick lime, 5 parts of cuttlebone soak solution and 15 parts of humic acid; mixing the materials, drying and sieving the mixture by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a soil disinfectant;

(3) preparation before transplanting: 2 Kg/mu of soil disinfectant is uniformly scattered on the surface of the soil, and the soil is ploughed; before ridging, applying 5 kg/mu of base fertilizer to a tobacco field in a land preparation manner, wherein the base fertilizer comprises 2 parts of fulvic acid diamine iron, 2 parts of zinc lignosulfonate, 2 parts of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid chelated copper, 2 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelated boron, 2 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 45 parts of brassin, 35 parts of light calcium carbonate, 25 parts of zeolite nitrate, 9 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 9 parts of calcium nitrate, 9 parts of gibberellic acid and 35 parts of potassium phosphite;

(4) transplanting in a field: after ridging and hole digging, applying 20g of organic fertilizer into each hole; weighing 20 parts of bagasse, 20 parts of cow dung, 20 parts of corn straw, 10 parts of oil cake and 3 parts of calcium superphosphate; mixing bagasse, cow dung, corn straw, oil cake and calcium superphosphate, fermenting, and air-drying to obtain the organic fertilizer;

(5) applying additional fertilizer: after the tobacco seedlings are returned to the seedling stage, performing first topdressing, wherein the application amount is 8 kg/mu; and (4) after the field tobacco plants enter the field rooting stage, performing secondary topdressing, wherein the application amount is 6 kg/mu. The top dressing component comprises 55 parts of potassium persulfate, 35 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 35 parts of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, 8 parts of magnesium carbonate and 2 parts of potassium tartrate.

Example 3

(1) Deep ploughing and sunning of soil: after the crops in the previous season are harvested, deeply ploughing in time, wherein the ploughing depth is more than 20 cm;

(2) preparing a soil disinfectant: weighing 50 parts of copper hydroxide, 10 parts of sulfur, 5 parts of quicklime, 10 parts of cuttlebone soak solution and 10 parts of fulvic acid; mixing the materials, drying and sieving the mixture by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a soil disinfectant;

(3) preparation before transplanting: uniformly spreading 3 Kg/mu of soil disinfectant on the surface of the soil, and ploughing the soil; before ridging, applying 10 kg/mu of base fertilizer to a tobacco field in a land preparation manner, wherein the base fertilizer comprises 5 parts of fulvic acid diamine iron, 5 parts of zinc lignosulfonate, 5 parts of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid chelated copper, 5 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid chelated boron, 5 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 55 parts of brassin, 45 parts of light calcium carbonate, 35 parts of zeolite nitrate, 11 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 11 parts of calcium nitrate, 11 parts of gibberellic acid and 45 parts of potassium phosphite;

(4) transplanting in a field: after ridging and hole making, applying 50g of organic fertilizer into each hole; weighing 20-40 parts of bagasse, 20 parts of cow dung, 20 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of oil cake and 8 parts of calcium superphosphate; mixing bagasse, cow dung, corn straw, oil cake and calcium superphosphate, fermenting, and air-drying to obtain the organic fertilizer;

(5) applying additional fertilizer: after the tobacco seedlings are returned to the seedling stage, performing first topdressing, wherein the application amount is 10 kg/mu; and (4) after the field tobacco plants enter the field rooting stage, performing secondary topdressing, wherein the application amount is 4 kg/mu. The top dressing component comprises 65 parts of potassium persulfate, 25 parts of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, 3 parts of magnesium carbonate and 7 parts of potassium tartrate.

The following tobacco cultivation tests are carried out by adopting the embodiment of the invention, compared with the traditional tobacco cultivation technology:

1 materials and methods

1.1 test materials

The test variety is Yunyan 97.

1.2 Experimental methods and items:

example (b): tobacco was grown as in examples 1-3.

Comparative example 1 tobacco cultivation was carried out by a conventional tobacco cultivation method.

Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that no soil disinfectant is applied.

The comparative example 3 is different from the examples in that the organic fertilizer is a conventional organic fertilizer.

Each example was repeated 3 times as compared with comparative example, and 18 test cells were obtained, each having an area of 50.4m²(3.6m×4m)。

1.2.1 tobacco yield and incidence record

According to the GB/T23222-2008 tobacco pest grading and investigation method, common soil-borne diseases of flue-cured tobacco are investigated before mature harvest and curing, and root-knot nematode diseases are investigated after harvest and curing are finished. And counting the tobacco yield of each test area.

1.2.2 soil sample testing

The pH of the tobacco rhizosphere soil was measured every 30 days after transplantation.

1.2.3 determination of the utilization of different carbon sources by culturable microorganisms

And (3) repeatedly and uniformly mixing different sampling points, and measuring the water content of the soil. Weighing 5g of fresh soil, adding the fresh soil into 45mL of sterile 0.85% sodium chloride solution, shaking the mixture for 30min at 30 ℃ in a shaking table at 170rpm/min, standing the mixture for 20min, then diluting the mixture by 1000 times, adding 150 mu L of diluent into 96 holes of a Biolog ECO plate, putting the mixture into an incubator at 28 ℃ for constant temperature culture for 168h, and detecting the absorbance value at 590nm wavelength once every 24h by using a microplate reader. The Average pore color change rate (AWCD) was calculated to reflect the overall metabolic activity of soil microorganisms on 31 carbon sources. And calculating Shannon diversity index (H), Simpson index (D) and McIntosh index (U) of the soil microorganism culture for 96H to represent the functional diversity of the soil microorganism.

AWCD＝∑(C-R)/n

C and R are absorbance values of the culture medium wells and the control wells respectively, and n is the number of carbon sources;

H＝-∑PilnPi

D＝1-∑Pi²

wherein Pi is the ratio of the ith aperture to the sum of the absorbance values relative to the entire plate;

U＝(∑ni²)^1/2

where ni is the relative absorbance value of the ith well and N is the sum of the relative absorbance values.

1.3 data analysis

The test data are processed by Excel and SPSS software to carry out arrangement, variance analysis and the like on the measured data.

2 results and analysis

2.1 different methods for cultivating the rhizosphere pH change of tobacco soil

It is clear that the rhizosphere pH of the tobacco soil treated by the examples is always kept between 5.6 and 6.5, while the rhizosphere pH of the tobacco soil of the comparative example 1 is always in a descending trend, which shows that the soil is acidified during the tobacco planting process, while the rhizosphere pH of the tobacco planted by the invention is in an ascending trend, and the weak acid soil is beneficial to the growth of the tobacco (see figure 1).

2.2 tobacco yield and morbidity from different treatments

As can be seen from Table 1, the yield of tobacco planted in the examples was significantly greater than that in the comparative examples, and the incidence rate was significantly lower than that in the comparative examples. The invention can increase the tobacco yield, effectively inhibit the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and reduce the yield reduction caused by the tobacco soil-borne diseases.

TABLE 1 tobacco yield, index of disease and incidence of bacterial wilt for different treatments

2.3 functional diversity of soil microorganisms

Biolog ECO plates contain 31 carbon sources (3 replicates per plate) and can be classified into 6 major classes: carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, phenolic acids, amines, polymers, the average rate of change of color per well (AWCD) may reflect the overall ability of the soil culturable microorganisms to utilize these 31 carbon sources. The microbial activity in the tobacco soil of the examples was clearly more active than in the soil of the comparative examples (see fig. 2).

Community diversity index is often used to indicate the degree to which a soil microbial community utilizes a carbon source. The Shannon index is greatly influenced by the abundance of community species, the higher Shannon index represents that the microorganisms are more diverse and uniformly distributed, the value is that the soil of the example 1 is the highest and is obviously higher than that of the comparative example soil, and the Shannon index of the soil microorganisms of the comparative example 1 is lower than that of other examples and comparative examples in 3 months (see figure 3-A); the Simpson index reflects the most common species in the microbial community, and the samples of example soil and the comparative soil were collected, and the Simpson index was significantly higher for the example soil than for the comparative soil (see fig. 3-B); the McIntosh index can reflect the difference of the carbon source utilization types and can distinguish different utilization degrees, the McIntosh index of the soil of the embodiment is higher than that of the soil of the comparative example, which shows that the soil of the embodiment has abundant microorganism types and high carbon source utilization degree (see figure 3-C).