阅读说明：本技术 一种基于超高温好氧堆肥技术处理餐厨垃圾的方法 (Method for treating kitchen waste based on ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology ) 是由 唐文韩 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于超高温好氧堆肥技术处理餐厨垃圾的方法,利用嗜高温菌堆肥发酵前期预发酵过程产生的高温进行杀菌,而后对其进行翻槽处理,使带有病毒的餐厨垃圾更加安全、高效、环保的处理成有机肥料。其操作包括下述重量份的原料：餐厨垃圾26～52份、污泥20～40份、树叶35～70份、泥菌120～240份。此种方法相较于现有的处理餐厨垃圾的方法节约成本、操作方便、适合全国推广。(The invention discloses a method for treating kitchen waste based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology, which is characterized in that high temperature generated in the early-stage pre-fermentation process of thermophilic bacteria composting fermentation is utilized for sterilization, and then groove turning treatment is carried out on the sterilized kitchen waste, so that the kitchen waste with viruses is processed into organic fertilizer more safely, efficiently and environmentally. The operation comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26-52 parts of kitchen waste, 20-40 parts of sludge, 35-70 parts of leaves and 120-240 parts of mud bacteria. Compared with the existing method for treating the kitchen waste, the method has the advantages of cost saving, convenient operation and suitability for national popularization.)

1. A method for treating kitchen waste based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is characterized by being prepared from the following main raw materials in parts by weight: 26-52 parts of kitchen waste, 20-40 parts of sludge, 35-70 parts of leaves and 120-240 parts of mud bacteria.

2. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) mixing the kitchen waste with high water content, the slime bacteria with thermophilic bacteria, the leaves and the sludge in proportion, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, and carrying out aerobic fermentation;

(2) opening a pre-buried pipeline at the bottom of the tank, and carrying out oxygen aeration on the pre-fermented garbage pile;

(3) turning over the tank for 6 times by using a forklift during the fermentation period to uniformly mix the components;

(4) monitoring the water content of the fermented liquid in real time in the fermentation process, and finishing fertilizer piling when the water content is less than 28%;

(5) after fermentation is finished, taking a fertilizer pile with the same mass as the original mud bacteria as a substrate and a strain for fermentation in the next tank for recycling;

(6) and screening the rest part by using a screening machine, treating oversize products as other garbage, and treating undersize products as organic fertilizer products.

3. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein the effect of temperature on thermophilic bacteria is obvious, too low temperature can cause the strains to lose vitality and even enter a dormant state, and high temperature exceeding a threshold value can cause enzymes of bacteria to be damaged, so that bacteria are killed, so that the proper temperature needs to be maintained in the fermentation process.

4. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein trace elements such as Co are also one of important factors for the growth of strains, and the trace elements are key factors for maintaining the activity of thermophilic bacteria at high temperature.

5. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maintenance of the moisture content in the composting process within a proper range is the key for realizing successful composting, and the initial moisture content can be generally controlled within 45-60%.

6. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjustment of the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content is the key of the selection of the composting raw materials, and the essence of the matching ratio of the raw materials is the process of adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content.

7. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxygen content of the compost pile influences the respiratory type of the strains, and the oxygen content of the air in the compost pile should be maintained at 10% -18%.

8. The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the proportion of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the kitchen waste is adjusted by adding leaves, and the water content is reduced.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating kitchen garbage based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology.

Background

The excrement generated by virus infectors and carriers, kitchen waste, sludge generated by medical sewage treatment and the like have the characteristics of high organic matter content, large production amount, possibility of carrying viruses, no toxic substances, high oil salt content, high nitrogen phosphorus potassium content and the like.

The conventional treatment modes of the kitchen waste in China mainly comprise 3 types, namely anaerobic fermentation, aerobic composting and feed technology, wherein the anaerobic fermentation has advantages in the aspects of harmlessness, reduction, recycling, safety and the like, but is easy to generate odor, the treatment time is long, and the feed technology is less in application and is easy to bring secondary problems such as plague.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for treating kitchen waste based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology, which is characterized in that high temperature generated in the early-stage pre-fermentation process of thermophilic bacteria composting fermentation is utilized for sterilization, and then groove turning treatment is carried out on the sterilized kitchen waste, so that the kitchen waste with viruses is treated into organic fertilizer more safely, efficiently and environmentally, the environment is protected, the pollution is reduced, and economic benefits are provided for the society.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for treating kitchen waste based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is prepared from the following main raw materials in parts by weight: 26-52 parts of kitchen waste, 20-40 parts of sludge, 35-70 parts of leaves and 120-240 parts of mud bacteria.

The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is operated by the following steps:

(1) mixing the kitchen waste with high water content, the slime bacteria with thermophilic bacteria, the leaves and the sludge in proportion, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank, and carrying out aerobic fermentation;

(2) opening a pre-buried pipeline at the bottom of the tank, and carrying out oxygen aeration on the pre-fermented garbage pile;

(3) turning over the tank for 6 times by using a forklift during the fermentation period to uniformly mix the components;

(4) monitoring the water content of the fermented liquid in real time in the fermentation process, and finishing fertilizer piling when the water content is less than 28%;

(5) after fermentation is finished, taking a fertilizer pile with the same mass as the original mud bacteria as a substrate and a strain for fermentation in the next tank for recycling;

(6) and screening the rest part by using a screening machine, treating oversize products as other garbage, and treating undersize products as organic fertilizer products.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

because the high temperature of the compost is maintained based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technical process, almost all the mixed bacteria and viruses can be killed in the pre-fermentation process, so that the purity and the fermentation safety of the self-fermentation can be ensured; and because the garbage is directly fermented without pre-screening, the contact of personnel before fermentation is avoided, and plastics, ceramics and the like are screened after the fermentation is finished, the virus propagation risk can be effectively avoided.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments.

Example 1

A method for treating kitchen waste based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is prepared from the following main raw materials in parts by weight: 26 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of sludge, 35 parts of leaves and 120 parts of mud bacteria.

The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is operated by the following steps:

(1) mixing 26 parts of kitchen waste with water content of 80%, 120 parts of mud bacteria with water content of 29% and thermophilic bacteria, 35 parts of leaves with water content of 72.3% and 20 parts of sludge with water content of 50% in a fermentation tank, and carrying out aerobic fermentation;

(2) opening a pre-buried pipeline at the bottom of the tank, and carrying out oxygen aeration on the pre-fermented garbage pile;

(3) turning over the tank for 6 times by using a forklift during the fermentation period to uniformly mix the components;

(4) monitoring the water content of the fermented liquid in real time in the fermentation process, and finishing fertilizer piling when the water content is less than 28%;

(5) after fermentation is finished, taking a fertilizer pile with the same mass as the original mud bacteria as a substrate and a strain for fermentation in the next tank for recycling;

(6) and screening the rest part by using a screening machine, treating oversize products as other garbage, and treating undersize products as organic fertilizer products.

Example 2

A method for treating kitchen waste based on an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is prepared from the following main raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of kitchen waste, 40 parts of sludge, 70 parts of leaves and 240 parts of mud bacteria.

The method for treating the kitchen waste based on the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic composting technology is operated by the following steps:

(1) mixing 52 parts of kitchen waste with the water content of 80%, 240 parts of mud bacteria with the water content of 29% and thermophilic bacteria, 70 parts of leaves with the water content of 72.3% and 40 parts of sludge with the water content of 50% in a fermentation tank, and performing aerobic fermentation;

(2) opening a pre-buried pipeline at the bottom of the tank, and carrying out oxygen aeration on the pre-fermented garbage pile;

(3) turning over the tank for 6 times by using a forklift during the fermentation period to uniformly mix the components;

(4) monitoring the water content of the fermented liquid in real time in the fermentation process, and finishing fertilizer piling when the water content is less than 28%;

(5) after fermentation is finished, taking a fertilizer pile with the same mass as the original mud bacteria as a substrate and a strain for fermentation in the next tank for recycling;

(6) and screening the rest part by using a screening machine, treating oversize products as other garbage, and treating undersize products as organic fertilizer products.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.