阅读说明：本技术 荧光传感复合深部电极 (Fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode ) 是由 陈晗青 安小广 李凯旺 于 2021-07-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种荧光传感复合深部电极,属于医疗器械领域,包括：管体,管体外部沿着轴向方向依次设置有若干个环形电极,每个环形电极各连接有一条电极导线,管体的一端为封闭端；管体上还设置有若干个光纤传感器,光纤传感器包括检测端和传输端,所述检测端用于检测荧光指示剂与神经元活动过程中的金属离子作用时产生的荧光；电极导线远离环形电极的一端以及所述光纤传感器的传输端从管体远离封闭端的一端引出。本申请提供的荧光传感复合深部电极在神经外科手术和脑脊神经功能研究领域,能够实时、同步和同位地采集监测区域内的脑电信号和金属离子浓度及分布情况,提高了对神经活动的监测精度和对神经系统疾病的病灶诊断精度及效率。(The application relates to a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode, which belongs to the field of medical instruments and comprises: the electrode comprises a tube body, wherein a plurality of annular electrodes are sequentially arranged outside the tube body along the axial direction, each annular electrode is connected with an electrode lead, and one end of the tube body is a closed end; the tube body is also provided with a plurality of optical fiber sensors, each optical fiber sensor comprises a detection end and a transmission end, and the detection ends are used for detecting fluorescence generated when the fluorescence indicator reacts with metal ions in the neuron activity process; and one end of the electrode lead, which is far away from the annular electrode, and the transmission end of the optical fiber sensor are led out from one end, which is far away from the closed end, of the tube body. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode can acquire electroencephalogram signals and metal ion concentration and distribution conditions in a monitoring area in real time, synchronously and in-situ in the fields of neurosurgery and cerebrospinal nerve function research, and improves the monitoring precision of nerve activity and the focus diagnosis precision and efficiency of nervous system diseases.)

1. A fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode, comprising:

the electrode comprises a tube body (1), wherein a plurality of annular electrodes (2) are sequentially arranged outside the tube body (1) along the axial direction, each annular electrode (2) is connected with an electrode lead (21), and one end of the tube body (1) is a closed end;

the tube body (1) is further provided with a plurality of optical fiber sensors (3), each optical fiber sensor (3) comprises a detection end (31) and a transmission end (32), and the detection ends (31) are used for detecting fluorescence generated when a fluorescence indicator reacts with metal ions in the neuron activity process;

one end of the electrode lead (21) far away from the annular electrode (2) and the transmission end (32) of the optical fiber sensor (3) are led out from one end of the tube body (1) far away from the closed end.

2. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed end of the tube (1) is formed by a ring electrode (2) closed at one end.

3. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 2, wherein the number of the optical fiber sensors (3) is plural, the plural optical fiber sensors (3) are equally divided into plural groups, the detecting end (31) of each group of the optical fiber sensors (3) is disposed near the ring electrode (2), and the detecting ends (31) of the plural optical fiber sensors (3) included in each group of the optical fiber sensors (3) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tube body (1) on the same axial section of the tube body (1);

the detection end (31) of the optical fiber sensor (3) extends out of the side wall of the tube body (1).

4. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that the detection end (31) of the optical fiber sensor (3) protrudes from the tube body (1) by a distance smaller than the distance between the outer surface of the ring electrode (2) and the outer surface of the tube body (1).

5. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that a beam tube (4) is arranged in the tube body (1) far from the closed end, and the transmission ends (32) of the optical fiber sensors (3) are all arranged in the beam tube (4) in a penetrating way.

6. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that a first through hole (22) is opened on the ring electrode (2) at the closed end of the tube body (1), and the detection end (31) of the optical fiber sensor (3) extends out of the first through hole (22) or is flush with the closed end of the corresponding ring electrode (2).

7. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 1, wherein the closed end of the tube body (1) is formed by a probe head part (9) inserted into the tube body (1), the probe head part (9) is provided with a second through hole (91) along the axial direction, and the detection end (31) of the optical fiber sensor (3) extends out of the second through hole (91) or is flush with the end part of the probe head part (9) far away from the tube body (1).

8. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the fiber optic sensor (3) comprises at least one set of conducting fiber bundles.

9. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 8, characterized in that the tube (1) is made of polyurethane material, silicone material or polyimide material, and the outer diameter of the tube (1) is 0.3-3 mm.

10. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 8, characterized in that the materials of the ring electrodes (2) and the electrode lead (21) are platinum iridium alloy, stainless steel or nickel chromium alloy, and the distance between adjacent ring electrodes (2) is 1-15 mm.

11. The fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that an injection tube (100) for injecting a fluorescence indicator is arranged in the tube body (1), one end of the injection tube (100) penetrates out of the closed end or is flush with the closed end, and the other end of the injection tube (100) is led out from one end of the tube body (1) far away from the closed end.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode.

Background

The nerve electrophysiology monitoring electrode is widely applied to the fields of neurosurgery and cerebrospinal function research, for example, in the process of diagnosing epilepsy, the nerve electrophysiology monitoring electrode is implanted into the brain, so that electric signals generated by neuron activity in the brain can be collected, electroencephalogram signals are processed externally to form electroencephalogram, and doctors can be helped to locate the focus position of the epilepsy. In the spinal neurosurgery operation, the change of the spinal electric signal can be fed back in real time by implanting the electrophysiological monitoring electrode, so that the misoperation in the operation can be prevented. Because of the complexity of nerve activity, monitoring errors easily occur only by means of single electroencephalogram or spinal electric signals, and neurosurgery is irreversible, so that once a cutting position is judged incorrectly, a dense functional area of a brain is easily damaged, and irretrievable results are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to accurately monitor neural activity in neurosurgery or neural function research process, the application provides a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode.

The application provides a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode adopts following technical scheme:

a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode, comprising:

the electrode comprises a tube body, wherein a plurality of annular electrodes are sequentially arranged outside the tube body along the axial direction, each annular electrode is connected with an electrode lead, and one end of the tube body is a closed end;

the tube body is also provided with a plurality of optical fiber sensors, each optical fiber sensor comprises a detection end and a transmission end, and the detection ends are used for detecting fluorescence generated when the fluorescence indicator reacts with metal ions in the neuron activity process;

and one end of the electrode lead, which is far away from the annular electrode, and the transmission end of the optical fiber sensor are led out from one end, which is far away from the closed end, of the tube body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the concentration and distribution conditions of electroencephalogram signals and metal ions can be synchronously obtained, the flow of metal ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and the like inside and outside neuron cells can trigger nerve conduction, and when the nerve activity of a local area of the brain is intensified, the ion concentration and distribution of the part are different from those of other normal areas; the concentration and distribution information of metal ions related to nerve activity can be contrasted with electroencephalogram information, so that the focus diagnosis precision and efficiency of nervous system diseases are improved.

Optionally, the closed end of the tube body is formed by a ring-shaped electrode with one end closed.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, not only can make the inside confined space that forms of body, can monitor the neuron's signal of telecommunication of relevant position moreover.

Optionally, the number of the optical fiber sensors is multiple, the optical fiber sensors are evenly divided into a plurality of groups, the detection end of each group of optical fiber sensors is arranged close to the ring electrode, and the detection ends of the plurality of optical fiber sensors included in each group of optical fiber sensors are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the tube body on the same axial section of the tube body;

the detection end of the optical fiber sensor extends out of the side wall of the tube body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the optical fiber sensor is arranged close to the annular electrode, the synchronization and the apposition monitoring of the brain electricity and the neuron activity can be realized, and the optical fiber sensor is arranged on different sections, so that the accuracy of the neuron activity monitoring can be improved.

Optionally, a distance that the detection end of the optical fiber sensor extends out of the tube body is smaller than a distance between the outer surface of the ring electrode and the outer surface of the tube body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the damage of the optical fiber sensor to human tissues can be reduced.

Optionally, the tube body is internally provided with a bundle tube far away from the closed end, and the transmission end of the optical fiber sensor penetrates through the bundle tube.

By adopting the technical scheme, the lines of the optical fiber sensors can be distributed neatly in the tube body.

Optionally, a first via hole is formed in the annular electrode at the closed end of the tube body, and the detection end of the optical fiber sensor extends out of the first via hole or is flush with the closed end of the corresponding annular electrode.

By adopting the technical scheme, the neuron electric signals and the ion transmission condition at the corresponding position of the closed end of the tube body can be synchronously monitored in a same position.

Optionally, the closed end of the tube body is formed by a probe part inserted into the tube body, the probe part is provided with a second through hole along the axial direction, and the detection end of the optical fiber sensor extends out of the second through hole or is flush with the end part of the probe part far away from the tube body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can improve optical fiber sensor's steadiness.

Optionally, the optical fiber sensor comprises at least one conducting optical fiber.

By adopting the technical scheme, single-point monitoring or regional monitoring can be carried out on the neuron activity.

Optionally, the tube body is made of a polyurethane material, a silica gel material or a polyimide material, and the outer diameter of the tube body is 0.3-3 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the tube body has good flexibility and small volume, and the composite electrode is convenient to be placed in a human body and reduces the damage to human tissues.

Optionally, the annular electrode and the electrode lead are made of platinum-iridium alloy, stainless steel or nickel-chromium alloy, and the distance between adjacent annular electrodes is 1-15 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the activity of the neuron can be monitored at multiple points, and good signal output characteristics are ensured.

Optionally, an injection tube for injecting the fluorescent indicator penetrates through the tube body, one end of the injection tube penetrates out of the closed end or is flush with the closed end, and the other end of the injection tube is led out of one end, far away from the closed end, of the tube body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the fluorescent indicator can be injected after the fluorescent sensing composite deep electrode is implanted into the brain tissue, so that the steps of surgical operation or research are simplified.

To sum up, the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode provided by the application can monitor neuron electrical signals and metal ion distribution conditions closely related to nerve activities in real time, synchronously and in an apposition manner in the neurosurgery and the cerebrospinal nerve function research process, improves precision and efficiency of preoperative lesion diagnosis, and further remarkably reduces treatment risks of the neurosurgery.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode of example 1;

fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode of example 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode of example 3;

fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 5.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a pipe body; 2. a ring electrode; 21. an electrode lead; 22. a first via hole; 23. injecting a via hole; 3. an optical fiber sensor; 31. a detection end; 32. a transmission end; 4. a wire bundling pipe; 5. connecting blocks; 6. an electrode extension lead; 7. an optical path extension wire; 8. a plug; 9. a probe section; 91. a second via hole; 100. and (4) injecting a tube.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application discloses a fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode, which includes a tube body 1, a plurality of ring electrodes 2 are sequentially arranged outside the tube body 1 along an axial direction, one end of one ring electrode 2 is closed and is arranged at one end of the tube body 1 to form a closed end of the tube body 1. The closed end of the ring electrode 2 is arc-shaped so as to reduce the damage to human tissues when the ring electrode 2 is implanted into a human body.

The tube body 1 is made of organic polymer materials such as polyurethane, silica gel or polyimide and the like so as to ensure good flexibility. The outer diameter of the tube body 1 is set to be 0.3-3mm so as to be implanted into a human body according to the requirements of a surgical operation.

In this application, the annular electrode 2 embedding sets up in the surface of body 1 to a plurality of annular electrode 2 is at the coaxial evenly distributed of body 1 surface, and the distance between adjacent annular electrode 2 sets up to 1-15mm, so that can the multiple spot gather the neuron electric signal and guarantee diagnostic accuracy. The number of electrodes can be set by one skilled in the art as desired, for example, 4-8 electrodes.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, each ring electrode 2 is connected with an electrode lead 21, a wire hole is formed in the tube body 1 at a position corresponding to the ring electrode 2 located in the middle of the tube body 1, and the electrode lead 21 enters the tube body 1 from the wire hole and is led out from one end of the tube body 1 far away from the closed end, so as to be connected with external signal processing equipment.

The annular electrode 2 and the electrode lead 21 are made of materials such as platinum-iridium alloy, stainless steel or nickel-chromium alloy and the like so as to ensure good signal transmission characteristics.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of optical fiber sensors 3 are provided on the pipe body 1, and the optical fiber sensors 3 include a detection end 31 and a transmission end 32. The plurality of optical fiber sensors 3 are equally divided into a plurality of groups, wherein the grouping number of the optical fiber sensors 3 can be the same as that of the ring electrodes 2, but in order to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode, on the premise that the neural activity monitoring meets the use requirement, the number of the optical fiber sensors 3 can be reduced, so that the grouping number of the optical fiber sensors 3 is smaller than that of the ring electrodes 2. The detection ends 31 of the optical fiber sensors 3 of the plurality of groups are uniformly distributed on different cross sections along the axial direction of the pipe body 1, and the detection ends 31 of the optical fiber sensors 3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipe body 1 on the same cross section. In the present embodiment, the number of the optical fiber sensors 3 on the same cross section is set to 4, but in practical use, a person skilled in the art can select the number of the optical fiber sensors 3 on the same cross section as required.

The detection end 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 extends from the side wall of the tube body 1 so as to be able to collect fluorescence emitted by cerebrospinal fluid after injection of the fluorescent indicator. The distance that the detection end 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 extends out of the side wall of the tube body 1 is smaller than the distance between the outer surface of the ring electrode 2 and the outer surface of the tube body 1, so as to prevent the detection end 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 from damaging human tissues. It should be noted that, in order to ensure real-time, co-location and synchronous monitoring of the neuron electrical signals and the metal ion distribution, it is preferable to set the grouping number of the optical fiber sensors 3 to be the same as and in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the ring electrodes 2, and the detection end 31 of each group of the optical fiber sensors 3 is set close to the ring electrodes 2.

It is easily understood that, a person skilled in the art can also determine the arrangement of the detecting end 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 on the tube body 1 according to actual needs, as long as the nerve activity monitoring is possible.

In the present application, the optical fiber sensor 3 is a structural optical fiber sensor, which includes a plurality of groups of conducting optical fiber bundles, each group of conducting optical fiber bundles including a plurality of conducting optical fibers. The cross section of the optical fiber bundle is large, and the number of the included conducting optical fibers is large, so that fluorescent signals in a certain area can be collected to form an obtained area image, and the accuracy of monitoring the nerve conduction process is improved. In the present application, the number of the conducting optical fiber bundles included in the fluorescence sensor can be one group or multiple groups, and can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the needs.

The transmission end 32 of each optical fiber sensor 3 in this application passes out from the end of the tube body 1 away from the closed end to facilitate connection of external signal processing equipment. In order to arrange the conducting optical fibers in order inside the tube body 1, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a bundle tube 4 may be disposed at an end of the tube body 1 away from the closed end, and the conducting optical fiber of each optical fiber sensor 3 is inserted into the bundle tube 4 and penetrates out from an end of the tube body 1 away from the closed end.

Referring to fig. 2, the one end that the blind end was kept away from to body 1 is provided with connecting block 5, and connecting block 5 can be with body 1 fixed connection or detachable connection, and connecting block 5 can adopt the same or different organic polymer material with body 1. An electrode extension lead 6 and an optical path extension lead 7 which are used for being connected with the signal processing equipment are fixedly connected to the connecting block 5, the electrode extension lead 6 is connected with the electrode lead 21 inside the connecting block 5, and the optical path extension lead 7 is connected with a transmission end 32 of the optical fiber sensor 3 inside the connecting block 5.

When the connection block 5 is fixedly connected to the tube body 1, the tube body 1 and the corresponding end portions of the bundle tube 4 may be formed as an integral structure with the connection block 5 by injection molding, and the connection point of the electrode extension wire 6 and the electrode wire 21 and the connection point of the optical path extension wire 7 and the transmission end 32 of the optical fiber sensor 3 are fixed inside the connection block 5.

When connecting block 5 can be dismantled with body 1 and be connected, the tip of body 1 can with connecting block 5 screw-thread fit, the tip of bundle pipe 4 extend to in connecting block 5 can, the electrode extends the tie point of wire 6 and electrode wire 21 and the tie point of light path extension wire 7 and optical fiber sensor 3's transmission end 32 can be located body 1.

The ends of the electrode extension lead 6 and the optical path extension lead 7 are connected with plugs 8 for connection with signal processing equipment.

In the present application, the signal processing device may be a multimodal brain-computer interface system.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a first through hole 22 is opened on the ring electrode 2 at the closed end of the tube body 1, and the axis of the first through hole 22 is preferably arranged to coincide with the axis of the tube body 1. The sensing end 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 protrudes from the first via hole 22 or is flush with the end of the ring electrode 2. In this embodiment, the optical fiber sensor 3 includes several groups of conducting optical fiber bundles, so as to be able to perform fluorescence collection on the area corresponding to the end of the closed end of the tube body 1.

In this embodiment, the annular electrode 2 at the closed end of the tube body 1 is further provided with an injection through hole 23. The injection tube 100 penetrates through the interior of the tube body 1, one end of the injection tube 100 extends out of the injection through hole 23 or is flush with the injection through hole 23, and the other end of the injection tube 100 penetrates out of the connecting block 5. The end of the syringe 100 extending from the connector block 5 may be connected to an external fluorescent indicator injection tool. Therefore, when the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode is implanted into the brain, the fluorescence indicator can be injected into the brain tissue through the injection tube 100, so that the complicated steps of injecting the fluorescence indicator into the brain first and then implanting the electrode are simplified, and the efficiency of the operation or research process is improved. The position of the injection via 23 on the ring electrode 23 can be set by a person skilled in the art as desired.

It is easily understood that in embodiment 1 of the present application, the injection through hole 23 may be opened on the ring electrode 2 at the closed end, and the injection tube 100 may be disposed inside the tube body 1 in the same manner. At this time, although the fluorescence indicator is injected into the cerebrospinal fluid only from the closed end of the tube body 1, under the action of the flow of the cerebrospinal fluid and the intracerebral pressure, the fluorescence indicator diffuses and flows along the axial direction of the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode, so that each optical fiber sensor 3 can acquire fluorescence.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the closed end of the tube body 1 is formed by the probe part 9. The probe part 9 is cylindrical and made of metal materials such as stainless steel, one end of the probe part 9 is inserted into the pipe body 1, and the other end of the probe part is a smooth arc surface. The probe portion 9 can provide a good stabilizing effect for the optical fiber sensor 3. A second through hole 91 is formed in the center of the probe part 9 along the axial direction, and the detection end 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 extends out of the second through hole 91 or is flush with the surface of one end of the probe part 9, which is far away from the pipe body 1. The structure of the optical fiber sensor 3 in this embodiment is the same as that of the optical fiber sensor 3 in embodiment 2, and the optical fiber sensor 3 shown in fig. 6 includes a plurality of sets of conductive optical fiber bundles.

In embodiment 3, the syringe 100 may also be inserted into the tube body 1, and one end of the syringe 100 is extended out of the probe portion 9 or flush with the end of the probe portion 9, so that the fluorescent indicator can be injected into cerebrospinal fluid along the syringe 100. The other end of the syringe 100 also exits through the connector block 5.

The working principle of the fluorescence sensing composite deep electrode disclosed by the application is as follows:

biologically, the flow of metal ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, etc. inside and outside the neuronal cell triggers nerve conduction, which generates an electrical signal. When the nerve activity of a local area of the brain is increased, the ion concentration and distribution of the local area are different from those of other normal areas. Therefore, the concentration and distribution of metal ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and the like inside and outside the nerve cells can directly reflect the activity characteristics of the neurons. The metal ion fluorescent indicator can generate fluorescence when combined with corresponding metal ions, and when the ion concentration and distribution are different, the fluorescence is different in intensity, color and distribution, so that the concentration and distribution of the metal ions related to the neural activity are indirectly collected in vitro, and powerful data support is provided for doctors to diagnose nervous system diseases such as epilepsy and Parkinson. After the fluorescent sensing composite deep electrode is implanted into brain tissue, a fluorescent indicator is injected into an electrode monitoring area through the injection tube 100, the fluorescent indicator permeates into a gap between the electrode and the brain tissue, the plurality of annular electrodes 2 can detect neuron electric signals, and the optical fiber sensor 3 detects fluorescent signals in the corresponding area. When the electrical signal output by the ring electrode 2 and the optical signal output by the optical fiber sensor 3 are output to an external signal processing device, a waveform diagram of the neuron electrical signal and the concentration and distribution condition of metal ions in the neuron activity process can be obtained.

The application provides a compound deep electrode of fluorescence sensing, through gather neuron's signal of telecommunication and the metal ion distribution condition closely related with neural activity in real time, synchronous and apposition, can be when carrying out neurosurgery or neural function research accurate monitoring neural activity, improved the positioning accuracy to the focus area and the success rate of surgery.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the above, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.