Worm gear oil composition and preparation method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法 (Worm gear oil composition and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李勇 陈晓伟 鱼鲲 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种蜗轮蜗杆油组合物及其制备方法。本发明的蜗轮蜗杆油组合物,包括以下组分：(a)酚类衍生物；(b)含硫极压抗磨剂；(c)含磷抗磨剂；(d)摩擦改进剂；(e)抗乳化剂；(f)抗泡剂；(g)主要量的润滑基础油；其中所述酚类衍生物的结构如通式(I)所示：其中各基团的定义见说明书。本发明的蜗轮蜗杆油组合物具有优良的氧化安定性、极压抗磨性、抗乳化性、抗腐防锈性、抗泡沫及低温性能,可调配成N100、N150、N220、N320、N460等不同粘度等级的蜗轮蜗杆油。(The invention provides a worm gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof. The worm gear oil composition comprises the following components: (a) a phenolic derivative; (b) a sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent; (c) a phosphorus-containing antiwear agent; (d) a friction modifier; (e) an anti-emulsifier agent; (f) an anti-foaming agent; (g) a major amount of a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the phenolic derivative is shown as a general formula (I):)
1. The worm gear oil composition comprises the following components: (a) a phenolic derivative; (b) a sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent; (c) a phosphorus-containing antiwear agent; (d) a friction modifier; (e) an anti-emulsifier agent; (f) an anti-foaming agent; (g) a major amount of a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the phenolic derivative is shown as a general formula (I):
in the general formula (I), the radical R1、R3、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-10A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2、R4Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-30Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, C3-50Isomerizing the hydrocarbon radical, and the radical R2、R4At least one group of (A) is C3-50Isomerized hydrocarbyl (preferably C)3-30Isomerized hydrocarbyl, more preferably C3-20An isomerized hydrocarbon group).
2. Worm gear oil set according to claim 1A compound characterized in that the radical R1、R3、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2、R4Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-20Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, C3-20Isomerizing the alkyl radicals, and the radical R2、R4At least one group of (A) is C3-20Isomerizing the alkyl group.
3. Worm gear oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the radical R1、R3、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4Straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals, radicals R1、R5One group is tert-butyl and the other group is hydrogen; radical R2、R4Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-20Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, C3-20Isomerizing the alkyl radicals, and the radical R2、R4One group in (A) is C3-20Isomerize the alkyl group, the other group being hydrogen.
4. The worm-gear oil composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the phenol derivative is produced by a process comprising the step of isomerizing the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X),
in the general formula (X), the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-10A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-30A linear or branched hydrocarbon group, a group of the formula (Y), and the group R2”、R4"at least one group is a group represented by the general formula (Y);
wherein the radical R1"' is selected from a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R in m repeating units2"'s, which may be the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R3"' is selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C)1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units4"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units5"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 1 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
5. The worm-gear oil composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the formula (X), the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20A linear or branched hydrocarbon group, a group of the formula (Y), and the group R2”、R4At least one group in "" is a group represented by the general formula (Y).
6. The worm-gear oil composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the formula (X), the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals, radicals R1”、R5"one group is t-butyl and the other group is hydrogen; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20A linear or branched hydrocarbon group, a group of the formula (Y), and the group R2”、R4One group in "is a group represented by the general formula (Y), and the other group is hydrogen.
7. The worm-gear oil composition according to claim 4, wherein the isomerization reaction is performed in the presence of an isomerization catalyst (the isomerization catalyst is preferably a catalyst loaded with a group VIII metal), and/or the isomerization reaction is performed in the presence of hydrogen (the pressure of the hydrogen is preferably 1 to 30MPa, more preferably 6 to 20MPa), and/or the temperature of the isomerization reaction is 150 to 500 ℃ (preferably 280 to 450 ℃).
8. The worm-gear oil composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the group R in the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X)1”、R3”、R5"when one, two or three groups are hydrogen, the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) is subjected to isomerization reaction and then alkylation reaction (preferably tert-butylation reaction), and the product is collected.
9. The worm gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent of component (b) is preferably selected from one or more of sulfurized olefin, dibenzyl disulfide, alkyl polysulfide and sulfurized grease; the phosphorus-containing antiwear agent of the component (c) is selected from one or more of thiophosphonate compound, thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salt, nitrogen-containing derivative of thiophosphoric acid, phosphate ester, phosphite ester and thiophosphoric ester; the friction modifier of the component (d) is selected from one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil, phosphonate ester, fatty alcohol, benzotriazole fatty amine salt and oleic polyol ester; the demulsifier of component (e) is selected from a polyolether type demulsifier; the antifoaming agent of the component (f) is selected from one or more of polymethylsilicone oil, methyl silicone oil ester, polyacrylate and the like; the lubricating base oil of component (g) is selected from mineral lubricating oils and/or synthetic lubricating oils.
10. The worm gear oil composition as claimed in claim 9, wherein the content of the phenol derivative of component (a) is 0.05% to 1.5%, the content of component (b) is 0.1% to 5%, the content of component (c) is 0.1% to 3%, the content of component (d) is 0.05% to 2%, the content of component (e) is 0.01% to 1%, the content of component (f) is 0.0001% to 0.1%, and the lubricating base oil of component (g) constitutes the main component of the worm gear oil composition, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil composition.
11. The worm gear oil composition as claimed in claim 9, wherein an amine type antioxidant is optionally added to the worm gear oil composition, and/or a metal deactivator and/or a rust inhibitor is optionally added to the worm gear oil composition.
12. A method of making a worm gear oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, including the step of mixing the components therein.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lubricating oil, in particular to a worm gear oil composition.
Background
The American Petroleum Institute (API) of 1948 lists worm gear oil in the transmission oil classification. The research of China on worm and gear oil starts in 1977, and the worm and gear oil is divided into two categories of a common type (L-CKE) and an extreme pressure type (L-CKE/P) at present. The quality index of the common worm gear oil refers to the specification of the US army MIL-L-15019E, and the quality index of the extreme pressure worm gear oil refers to the specification of the US army MIL-L-18486B (OS).
The worm gear transmission is one of the gear transmission types, and has the characteristics of small volume, large transmission speed ratio, stable operation, low noise and large worm gear output torque, so the worm gear transmission is widely applied. The worm gear and worm pair is mainly made of bronze, a brass worm wheel is matched with a steel worm, worm lubrication has a great influence on worm gear and worm transmission, friction and abrasion can be reduced, the transmission efficiency of the worm gear pair is improved, and the service life of the worm gear pair is prolonged. Therefore, the worm and gear oil should have good lubricity, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, thermal oxidation stability, emulsification resistance and the like. The worm transmission has the advantages that the sliding between tooth surfaces is large, the contact time of the teeth is relatively longer than that of gear transmission, the friction and wear conditions are prominent, and the oil product is required to have high comprehensive performance.
The worm and gear oil in the prior art still has room for improvement in the aspects of oxidation resistance, extreme pressure abrasion resistance and the like so as to adapt to the development trend of excellent comprehensive performance of the worm and gear oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a worm gear oil composition and a preparation method thereof.
The worm gear oil composition comprises the following components: (a) a phenolic derivative; (b) a sulfur-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent; (c) a phosphorus-containing antiwear agent; (d) a friction modifier; (e) an anti-emulsifier agent; (f) an anti-foaming agent; (g) a major amount of a lubricating base oil; wherein the structure of the phenolic derivative is shown as a general formula (I):
in the general formula (I), the radical R1、R3、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-10A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2、R4Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-30Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, C3-50Isomerizing the hydrocarbon radical, and the radical R2、R4At least one group of (A) is C3-50Isomerized hydrocarbyl (preferably C)3-30Isomerized hydrocarbyl, more preferably C3-20An isomerized hydrocarbon group).
In the context of the present invention, the straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group may be a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group, may also be a straight-chain or branched-chain alkenyl group containing one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2) carbon-carbon double bonds, may also be a straight-chain or branched-chain alkynyl group containing one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2) carbon-carbon triple bonds, and may also be a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group containing one or more (e.g., 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, 1 to 2) carbon-carbon double bonds and carbon-carbon triple bonds.
In the formula (I), preferably the radical R1、R3、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2、R4Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-20Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, C3-20Isomerizing the alkyl radicals, and the radical R2、R4At least one group of (A) is C3-20Isomerizing the alkyl group.
In the formula (I), further preferably, the group R1、R3、R5Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4Straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals, radicals R1、R5One group is tert-butyl and the other group is hydrogen; radical R2、R4Are the same or different from each other and are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1-20Straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical, C3-20Isomerizing the alkyl radicals, and the radical R2、R4One group in (A) is C3-20Isomerize the alkyl group, the other group being hydrogen.
In the general formula (I)More preferably, the group R1Is tert-butyl, the radical R3Is hydrogen, a radical R5Is hydrogen; radical R2Is hydrogen, a radical R4Is C3-20Isomerized alkyl (preferably C)3-15Isomerized alkyl).
The process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention comprises a step of isomerizing a phenol compound represented by the general formula (X),
in the general formula (X), the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-10A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-30A linear or branched hydrocarbon group, a group of the formula (Y), and the group R2”、R4"at least one group is a group represented by the general formula (Y);
wherein the radical R1"' is selected from a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably selected from single bond and C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R in m repeating units2"'s, which may be the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from the group consisting of a single bond, C1-20Straight or branched alkylene (preferably each independently selected from single bond, C)1-4Linear or branched alkylene); radical R3"' is selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched alkyl (preferably selected from hydrogen, C)1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units4"'s, equal to or different from each other, are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); radical R in m repeating units5"'s are the same or different from each other, eachIndependently selected from hydrogen, C1-20Straight or branched chain alkyl (preferably each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight or branched chain alkyl); m is a positive integer (preferably a positive integer between 1 and 10, more preferably a positive integer between 1 and 3).
According to the process for the preparation of the phenolic derivatives of the present invention, in the general formula (X), preferably, the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4A linear or branched alkyl group; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20A linear or branched hydrocarbon group, a group of the formula (Y), and the group R2”、R4At least one group in "" is a group represented by the general formula (Y).
According to the process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, in the general formula (X), it is further preferred that the group R1”、R3”、R5"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-4Straight-chain or branched alkyl radicals, radicals R1”、R5"one group is t-butyl and the other group is hydrogen; radical R2”、R4"equal to or different from each other, each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-20A linear or branched hydrocarbon group, a group of the formula (Y), and the group R2”、R4One group in "is a group represented by the general formula (Y), and the other group is hydrogen.
According to the process for the preparation of the phenolic derivatives of the present invention, in the general formula (X), more preferably, the group R1"is tert-butyl, the radical R3"is hydrogen, a radical R5"is hydrogen; radical R2"is hydrogen, a radical R4"is a group represented by the general formula (Y).
According to the process for producing a phenolic derivative of the present invention, preferably, the isomerization reaction is carried out in the presence of an isomerization catalyst. The isomerization catalyst is preferably a group VIII metal-supported catalyst. The content of the active metal in the group VIII metal-supported catalyst is preferably 0.1% to 5% (more preferably 0.2% to 3%) of the total weight of the catalyst. The active metal in the group VIII metal-supporting catalyst is preferably one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt, and more preferably one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, and Pt. The carrier of the group VIII metal-supporting catalyst is preferably one or more of alumina, silica, zeolite, molecular sieve and activated carbon. The isomerization catalyst is more preferably a molecular sieve, zeolite supporting a group VIII metal. Specifically, the isomerization catalyst can be molecular sieve or zeolite loaded with Ni and/or Pt. The mass of the isomerization catalyst is 0.1 to 20%, preferably 1 to 15% of the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X).
According to the process for producing a phenolic derivative of the present invention, preferably, the isomerization reaction is carried out in the presence of hydrogen. The pressure of the hydrogen is preferably 1 to 30MPa, and more preferably 6 to 20 MPa.
According to the preparation method of the phenolic derivative, the temperature of the isomerization reaction is preferably 150-500 ℃, and more preferably 280-450 ℃.
According to the process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, generally speaking, the longer the time of the isomerization reaction, the higher the conversion of the product, and the conversion of the isomerization reaction and the economic efficiency of the reaction are combined, and the time of the isomerization reaction is preferably 0.5 to 20 hours, more preferably 3 to 10 hours.
According to the process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, after the isomerization reaction is completed, the reaction product may be subjected to a purification treatment by one or more methods selected from among water washing, water washing after acid washing, water washing after alkali washing, distillation, filtration, drying and recrystallization, without any particular limitation.
According to the process for producing a phenol derivative of the present invention, it is preferable that when the group R in the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X)1”、R3”、R5"one, two or three groups are hydrogen, the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) may be subjected to isomerization reaction and then alkylation reaction (preferably, t-butylation reaction), and the product may be collected. By isomerizing a phenol compound represented by the general formula (X)The reaction conditions were as described above. The alkylation reaction (preferably, the tertiary butylation reaction) is a reaction of a reaction product of isomerization reaction of a phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) with an alkylating agent (tertiary butylation agent). The alkylating agent is selected from one or more of halogenated hydrocarbon, fatty alcohol and olefin, and is preferably selected from C1-4Alkyl halides and C2-4For example, one or more of tert-butyl chloride, tert-butyl bromide, isopropene and isobutylene can be used (the tert-butyl alkylating agent is preferably one or more of tert-butyl chloride, tert-butyl bromide and isobutylene). The molar ratio between the reaction product of the isomerization reaction of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) and the alkylating agent is preferably 1: 1 to 5, more preferably 1: 1 to 2.5; the reaction temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ℃, and more preferably 40 to 80 ℃; generally, the longer the reaction time, the higher the conversion, and the time for the reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 hours, more preferably 3 to 5 hours, in view of the conversion of the reaction and the economy of the reaction. The catalyst can be added or not added in the alkylation reaction, and the catalyst is preferably added; the catalyst comprises one or more of metal chloride, inorganic acid, organic acid and Lewis acid, preferably metal chloride and inorganic acid, for example, one or more of zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, stannic chloride, concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated nitric acid, boron trifluoride and heteropoly acid. The mass of the catalyst is preferably 0.1 to 10%, more preferably 1 to 6% of the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X). A solvent can be added or not added in the alkylation reaction, and the solvent is preferably added; the solvent is preferably one or more of hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, ether solvents and ketone solvents, and for example, one or more of hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, methyl ether, ethyl ether, propyl ether, butyl ether, acetone and butanone may be used, and hydrocarbon solvents and/or alcohol solvents are preferably used. The mass of the solvent is preferably 10 to 1000%, more preferably 50 to 500%, of the mass of the phenol compound represented by the general formula (X).
According to the method for preparing a phenol derivative of the present invention, after the alkylation reaction is completed, the reaction product may be purified by one or more methods selected from water washing, water washing after acid washing, water washing after alkali washing, distillation, filtration, drying and recrystallization, without any particular limitation.
According to the invention, all the disclosed technical schemes can be freely combined, and the combined scheme is regarded as the claimed technical scheme of the invention, but not as a new technical scheme.
The phenol compound represented by the general formula (X) of the present invention is preferably derived from a natural plant cashew nut, contains a large amount of cashew nut shell oil in the cashew nut shell, contains meta-phenol as a main component, is generally called cardanol, and has the following structure:
wherein R is C15H31+xAnd x is 0, -2, -4 or-6.
The phenol derivative can be used as an antioxidant, and can be applied to lubricating oil, lubricating grease, fuel oil, plastics and rubber. The phenol derivative is liquid at normal temperature, has excellent oxidation resistance, is green and nontoxic, and is simple in synthesis process and easy to prepare.
According to the invention, the content of the phenolic derivative of component (a) is preferably 0.05% to 1.5%, more preferably 0.1% to 0.7%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the present invention, the sulfur-containing extreme pressure anti-wear agent of component (b) is preferably selected from one or more of sulfurized olefins, dibenzyl disulfide, alkyl polysulfides and sulfurized greases, more preferably sulfurized isobutylene, such as domestic T321 and Anglamol-33 from Lubrizol corporation. The content of the component (b) is preferably 0.1 to 5%, more preferably 0.5 to 2.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the present invention, the phosphorus-containing antiwear agent of the component (c) is preferably selected from one or more of thiophosphonate compounds, thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salts, thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivatives, phosphoric acid esters, phosphorous acid esters and thiophosphoric acid esters, and for example, one or more of thiophosphonate compounds, thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salts, thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivatives, thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salts, tricresyl phosphate, di-n-butyl phosphite, di-n-octyl phosphite, diisobutyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, diisooctyl phosphite and triphenyl thiophosphate can be selected, and more preferably one or more of thiophosphonate compounds, thiophosphoric acid complex ester amine salts, thiophosphoric acid nitrogen-containing derivatives, triphenyl thiophosphate and di-n-butyl phosphite. The structure and the preparation method of the thiophosphonate compound are shown in CN 111057107A. The content of the component (c) is preferably 0.1 to 3%, more preferably 0.2 to 1.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the present invention, the friction modifier of component (d) is preferably selected from one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil, phosphonate ester, fatty alcohol, benzotriazole fatty amine salt and polyol oleate, for example, one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil, phosphonate ester, dodecanol, benzotriazole octadecylamine salt and ethylene glycol oleate can be selected, and more preferably one or more of sulfurized cottonseed oil, sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil and benzotriazole octadecylamine salt. The content of the component (d) is preferably 0.05 to 2%, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the invention, the demulsifier of component (e) is preferably selected from the polyalcohol ether type demulsifiers, for example condensates of amines with ethylene oxide, a common commercial designation including T1001. The content of the component (e) is preferably 0.01 to 1%, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the invention, the anti-foaming agent of the component (f) is preferably selected from one or more of polymethylsilicone oil, methyl silicone oil ester, polyacrylate and the like, and common commercial designations include T901, T903, T911, T912 and the like. The content of the component (f) is preferably 0.0001% to 0.1%, more preferably 0.0005% to 0.02%, based on 100% by weight of the worm gear oil.
According to the invention, the lubricating base oil of component (g) is preferably selected from mineral lubricating oils and/or mixturesForming lubricating oil. The mineral lubricating oil is preferably selected from paraffinic and/or intermediate based lubricating oils, for example one or more of 100SN, 150SN, 200SN, 250SN, 350SN, 500SN, 650SN, 90BS, 120BS, 150ZN, 600ZN and 140 ZNZ. The synthetic lubricating oil is preferably selected from polyalphaolefins and/or hydrides thereof, Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil (GTL synthetic oil), and the kinematic viscosity thereof can be freely adjusted according to the use requirements, and is not particularly limited. Usually, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of the synthetic lubricating oil is 3-100 mm2(ii) s, preferably 10 to 50mm2(s) or a kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 10 to 2000mm2(ii) s, preferably 40 to 800mm2And s. In order to meet the viscosity requirement of the worm gear oil composition, a plurality of lubricating oils are generally selected to prepare lubricating base oil with different viscosity grades. The viscosity grades include N100, N150, N220, N320, N460, and the like. The lubricating base oil of the component (g) constitutes the main component of the worm gear oil composition.
According to the present invention, amine-type antioxidants, such as one or more of alkyl diphenylamines, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamines, including T531, T534, and the like, may optionally be added to the worm gear oil composition. The content of the amine antioxidant is preferably 0-1%, more preferably 0.1-0.5%, based on the weight of the worm gear oil as 100%.
According to the invention, a metal deactivator and/or an antirust agent can be optionally added into the worm gear oil composition, the metal deactivator and the antirust agent are preferably selected from one or more of benzotriazole type metal deactivator, thiadiazole type metal deactivator and sulfonate type antirust agent, for example, one or more of benzotriazole, benzotriazole-aldehyde-amine condensate, thiadiazole polysulfide, calcium petroleum sulfonate, magnesium petroleum sulfonate, synthetic calcium sulfonate and synthetic magnesium sulfonate can be selected, and the trade mark is T706, T551, T561, T102, T103, T105, T106 and the like. The content of the metal deactivator and the antirust agent is preferably 0-1%, more preferably 0.01-0.5% by weight of the worm gear oil as 100%.
Viscosity index improvers and/or pour point depressants well known to those skilled in the art may be added to the lubricating base oils in accordance with the present invention to formulate lubricating base oils of varying viscosity grades.
According to the invention, the preparation method of the worm gear oil composition comprises the step of mixing the components. The mixing temperature is preferably 40-90 ℃, and the mixing time is preferably 1-2 h.
The worm gear oil composition can be applied to the lubrication of various worm gear boxes.
The worm gear oil composition has excellent oxidation stability, extreme pressure wear resistance, emulsification resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, foam resistance and low temperature performance, and can be prepared into worm gear oil with different viscosity grades such as N100, N150, N220, N320, N460 and the like.
Detailed Description
The main raw materials used are as follows:
cardanol, Shanghai Bingshi Binghe chemical science & technology Limited, Industrial products
The isomerization catalyst is a Pt-loaded molecular sieve catalyst, wherein the content of Pt is 0.5 percent, and the isomerization catalyst is a petrochemical engineering scientific research institute and an industrial product.
Zinc chloride, chemical reagents of national drug group, Ltd, analytical purity
Tert-butyl chloride, national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents, Inc., analytical purity
2-Octyldodecanol, chemical reagents of carbofuran, chemical purity
(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid methyl ester, Hospital of petrochemical institute, Kypol, Inc., Industrial products
Antioxidant T511, a institute of petrochemical institute, Xinpu corporation, Industrial products
Antioxidant T501, a product of the institute of petrochemical institute, Xinpu corporation, Industrial products
Cyclohexane, chemical reagents of national drug group, Ltd, analytical purity
Polyalphaolefin pour point depressant, designation T803, tin-free southern petroleum additives ltd, industrial.
Polymethacrylate, designation T602, tin-free south petroleum additives ltd, industrial.
Alkyl diphenylamine, trademark T534, Beijing Xinpu Fine chemical engineering technology development Co., Ltd., industrial product.
Sulfurized isobutylene, designation T321, Liaoning Tianhe Fine chemical Co., Ltd, industrial product, labeled B.
A thiophosphonate compound, prepared according to CN 111057107A, example 3, is labeled C-1.
Amine thiophosphate salt, trade name T307, product of Jinzhou Kangtai lubricating oil Co., Ltd., trade name C-2.
Sulfurized olefin cottonseed oil, designation T405, dawn, gazette, petrochemical, ltd, industrial, labeled D-1.
Octadecyl benzotriazole amine salt, brand T406, Zibo Huihua chemical Co., Ltd., industrial product, labeled D-2.
Benzotriazole-aldehyde-amine condensate, brand T551, fine chemical technology development ltd, beijing, xing, industrial.
Benzotriazole, brand T706, Nanjing Jinling chemical synthesis reagent factory, industrial product.
Amine and ethylene oxide condensate, brand T1001, Tianyu Petroleum additive plant, Danyang, Industrial, labeled E.
Polymethylsilicone oil, brand T901, product of Tianyu petroleum additive plant, Danyang, marked as F-1.
Methyl silicone oil ester, designation T903, a product of the Tianyu Petroleum additives plant, Dengyang, labeled F-2.
Lubricating base oil G-1 comprising 45% 150BS mineral oil, 55% 350SN mineral oil, and additionally 0.6% by total mass of the mineral oil mixture of polyalphaolefin pour point depressant T803.
Lubricating base oil G-2 comprising 35% 500SN mineral oil, 65% 150BS mineral oil, plus 0.4% by total mass of the mineral oil mixture of a polymethacrylate viscosity index improver T602.
Lubricating base oil G-3 comprising 35% 650SN mineral oil, 65% 150BS mineral oil, plus 1.0% by total mass of the mineral oil mixture of a polymethacrylate viscosity index improver T602.
The comparative antioxidant was T501 and was designated DA-1.
The comparative antioxidant, which is the product of comparative example 1 of this invention, is designated DA-2.
The comparative antioxidant, which is a mixture of equal masses of T501 and T534, is designated DA-3.
Example 1 Meta-substituted C3～15Preparation of isomeric alkylphenols
100g of cardanol and 15g of isomerization catalyst are put into a 200ml high-pressure reaction kettle, the high-pressure kettle is sealed, hydrogen is introduced to 6MPa, and stirring and heating are started. The reaction temperature was 320 ℃ and the reaction time was 5 hours. Cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished, taking out the yellow liquid reaction mixture, carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 1h at the temperature of 100Pa and 160 ℃, and cooling to obtain the meta-substituted C with the purity of more than 98 percent3～C15Isomeric alkylphenols. The reaction conversion was 95.6%. The reaction equation is illustrated below:
example 2 Meta-substituted C3～C15Preparation of isomeric alkylphenols
100g of cardanol and 3g of an isomerization catalyst are put into a 200ml high-pressure reaction kettle, the high-pressure kettle is sealed, hydrogen is introduced to 18MPa, and stirring and heating are started. The temperature was 420 ℃ and the reaction was carried out for 8 hours. Cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is finished, taking out the yellow liquid reaction mixture, carrying out reduced pressure distillation for 1h at the temperature of 100Pa and 160 ℃, and cooling to obtain the meta-substituted C with the purity of more than 98 percent3～C15Isomeric alkylphenols. The reaction conversion was 96.1%. The reaction equation is as shown in example 1.
EXAMPLE 33 preparation of isomeric alkyl-6-tert-butylphenols
30g of the product of example 1 was dissolved in 100ml of cyclohexane, and after dissolving, the solution was placed in a 250ml three-neck reaction flask, 1.5g of zinc chloride catalyst was added, and stirring and heating were started. While maintaining the reaction temperature at 50 ℃, 9.5g of t-butyl chloride was slowly added dropwise to the reaction flask, and the reaction was continued for 5 hours after the completion of the dropwise addition. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain a brownish red transparent liquid. Filtering the reaction product, washing with 5% KOH solution, washing with distilled water to neutrality, distilling at 1000Pa and 120 deg.C under reduced pressure for 1h, removing solvent, water and unreacted raw materials, and cooling to obtain brown yellow liquid. The product conversion was 81.3%. The reaction equation is illustrated below:
EXAMPLE 43 preparation of isomeric alkyl-6-tert-butylphenols
30g of the product of example 2 was dissolved in 120ml of absolute ethanol, placed in a 250ml three-neck reaction flask, and 0.7g of zinc chloride catalyst was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred and heated. While maintaining the reaction temperature at 70 ℃, 9.5g of t-butyl chloride was slowly added dropwise to the reaction flask, and the reaction was continued for 3 hours after the completion of the dropwise addition. And cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain a brownish red transparent liquid. Filtering the reaction product, washing with 5% KOH solution, washing with distilled water to neutrality, distilling at 1000Pa and 120 deg.C under reduced pressure for 1h, removing solvent, water and unreacted raw materials, and cooling to obtain brown yellow liquid. The product conversion was 85.4%. The reaction equation is as shown in example 3.
Comparative example 1
0.5mol (149g) of 2-octyldodecanol and 0.5mol (143g) of methyl (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate were put into a500 ml three-necked reaction flask, and 1.25g of a LiOH catalyst was added thereto, stirred and heated. Reduced pressure to 0.085MPa, and reacted at 160 deg.C for 4 hours to obtain a pale yellow liquid. Raising the temperature to 260 ℃, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove unreacted raw materials to obtain yellow transparent liquid. The reaction conversion was 92.3%.
Example 5
The isomeric phenol derivatives prepared in examples 3 and 4 of the present invention and the comparative hindered phenol antioxidant were dissolved in mineral oil S6 to prepare 0.5% (m/m) solution, and the antioxidant performance was tested, the test results are shown in table 1, the test apparatus is TA5000 DSC instrument of TA corporation, and the test conditions are as follows: 190 ℃, oxygen pressure of 0.5MPa and heating speed of 10 ℃/min.
TABLE 1
Example 6
The isomeric phenol derivatives prepared in examples 3 and 4 of the present invention and the comparative hindered phenol antioxidant were dissolved in synthetic oil PAO6, respectively, to prepare 0.5% (m/m) solution, and the antioxidant performance was tested, the test results are shown in table 2, the test apparatus is TA5000 DSC instrument of TA corporation, and the test conditions are as follows: 190 ℃, oxygen pressure of 0.5MPa and heating speed of 10 ℃/min.
TABLE 2
The comparison shows that the phenolic derivative provided by the invention has the advantages that the oxidation induction period is obviously prolonged, the antioxidant performance is far better than that of the conventional hindered phenol antioxidant, and the sensitivity in synthetic oil is very excellent.
Example 7
The product prepared in example 3 was subjected to infrared spectroscopic analysis, and the analysis results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Infrared analysis of the products
Examples 8 to 10 of the worm gear oil composition and comparative examples 2 to 4
The formulations of examples 8 to 10 and comparative examples 2 to 4 of the worm gear oil composition are shown in Table 4. The components are added into a blending container according to the proportion, and are heated and stirred for 2 hours at 50 ℃, and examples 8-10 and comparative examples 2-4 of the worm gear oil composition are prepared respectively.
Kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, copper sheet corrosion, flash point (open), pour point, moisture, mechanical impurities, liquid phase rust, demulsibility, oxidation resistance and four-ball tests were performed on these compositions, respectively, the test methods are shown in table 5 and the test results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 4
TABLE 5 Main test methods
TABLE 6
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