阅读说明：本技术 一种有机可调控释放型复合肥料结构 (Organic release-controllable compound fertilizer structure ) 是由 邹智挥 曾春燕 乔宗伟 盛玉萍 高晨 林莉 于永启 曲昌镭 杨涛 安明哲 苏建 于 2021-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种有机可调控释放型复合肥料结构,包括：基底肥单元,所述基底肥单元位于该肥料结构的顶层,且基底肥单元的下层依次设置有生长肥单元和蔬果肥单元；第一包覆层,所述第一包覆层对应套设在生长肥单元和蔬果肥单元的外侧,且第一包覆层的顶端面与生长肥单元的顶端面之间平齐设置；第二包覆层,所述第二包覆层对应套设在第一包覆层的外侧底部,且第二包覆层的顶端面与蔬果肥单元的顶端面之间平齐设置。该有机可调控释放型复合肥料结构,针对不同的植栽作物的阶段成长,能适时释放不同阶段生长所需的肥料养分,并有效维持农业生产持续性。(The invention discloses an organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure, which comprises: the base fertilizer unit is positioned on the top layer of the fertilizer structure, and the lower layer of the base fertilizer unit is sequentially provided with a growth fertilizer unit and a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit; the first coating layer is correspondingly sleeved on the outer sides of the growth fertilizer unit and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit, and the top end surface of the first coating layer is flush with the top end surface of the growth fertilizer unit; and the second coating layer is correspondingly sleeved at the bottom of the outer side of the first coating layer, and the top end surface of the second coating layer and the top end surface of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit are arranged in a flush manner. The organic release-controllable compound fertilizer structure can timely release fertilizer nutrients required by growth in different stages according to growth in different stages of planted crops, and effectively maintains the sustainability of agricultural production.)

1. An organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure is characterized by comprising:

the base fertilizer unit (1) is positioned on the top layer of the fertilizer structure, and the lower layer of the base fertilizer unit (1) is sequentially provided with a growth fertilizer unit (2) and a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit (3);

the first coating layer (4) is correspondingly sleeved on the outer sides of the growth fertilizer unit (2) and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit (3), and the top end surface of the first coating layer (4) is flush with the top end surface of the growth fertilizer unit (2);

the second coating layer (5) is correspondingly sleeved at the bottom of the outer side of the first coating layer (4), and the top end surface of the second coating layer (5) is flush with the top end surface of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit (3);

the first coating layer has a shorter degradation time than the second coating layer;

the base fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of vinasse, bean dregs, palm ash, seaweed extract, rice hulls, straws, fishbone, ore and recycled starch;

the growth fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of vinasse, palm ash, seaweed extract, wheat bran, fish bones and thermoplastic starch;

the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of seaweed extract, incense ash, palm ash, wheat bran, fish bones, fermented fruit peels and recycled starch.

2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises: the first coating layer is made of a mixture of seaweed extract, polyvinyl alcohol, thermoplastic starch, wheat bran, ore and recovered starch; the second coating layer is made of a mixture of wheat bran, rice hulls, straws, thermoplastic starch and biodegradable macromolecules.

3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises: the bottom of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is also provided with a ripening adjusting fertilizer unit which is prepared from a mixture of oyster shell powder, potassium fulvate, seaweed essence, oleyl alcohol and corn straw stalk.

4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises: the total height dimension H of the compound fertilizer structure is 40-70 cm.

5. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises:

the height of the base fertilizer unit accounts for 20% -24% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the growth fertilizer unit accounts for 41-45% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit accounts for 33% -37% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure.

6. The structure of claim 5, wherein the structure comprises:

the height of the base fertilizer unit accounts for 22% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the growth fertilizer unit accounts for 43 percent of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit accounts for 35% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure.

7. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises:

the fertilizer applying device is characterized by further comprising a plate cover layer (6), wherein the plate cover layer (6) is arranged on the top surface of the base fertilizer unit (1), and a first inserting pipe (7) and a second inserting pipe (8) are inserted into the plate cover layer (6).

8. The structure of claim 7, wherein the structure comprises:

the plate cover layer (6) is a circular ring-shaped structure formed by combining a first half plate (61) and a second half plate (62);

the first half plate (61) and the second half plate (62) are mutually clamped through a clamping block (63), and the first inserting pipe (7) and the second inserting pipe (8) are inserted into the first half plate (61) and the second half plate (62) in a non-uniform and dispersed manner;

wherein the first inserting pipe (7) is inserted into the growth fertilizer unit (2), and the second inserting pipe (8) is inserted into the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit (3).

9. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises: the height h2 of the growth fertilizer unit (2) is 18-32 cm, and the thickness of the first coating layer (4) sleeved outside the growth fertilizer unit (2) is 0.2-2 mm.

10. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure comprises: the height h3 of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit (3) is 13-21 cm, and the thickness of the second coating layer (5) sleeved outside the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit (3) is 0.5-2.5 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an organic release-controllable compound fertilizer structure.

Background

Because the traditional agriculture increasingly adopts an industrial production mode, and the manpower input in agricultural production can be reduced by using pesticides and chemical fertilizers, the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides are often used in a large amount in the production process only for drawing the highest economic benefit in the shortest time in the current agricultural production. In the traditional farming mode, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are excessively used to improve the productivity, so that the environment is seriously polluted and the health of human beings is harmed, and the water resource and the ecological environment are damaged and the life quality of people is seriously polluted as a result of long-term use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, besides soil acidification, salinization and land fertility decline.

Organic agriculture is a kind of persistent agriculture, and is a farming method which avoids using chemical fertilizers and synthetic agricultural chemicals, and maintains agricultural production by recycling vinasse or agricultural wastes, natural ores containing plant nutrient elements and the like in cooperation with a crop rotation system of plants.

In recent years, people have increasingly seen an idea of environmental protection and diet health, how to maintain environmental quality and living standard and ensure sustainable cultivation of land, and organic agriculture is gradually emphasized by farmers and acquaintances, and more people are invested in cultivation and development of organic agriculture.

At present, the method has good conditions for exquisite agricultural production in China, and not only can the planted land be better and more suitable for planting, but also the high-quality production can be achieved and a long-lasting farming mode can be achieved by paying attention to the good production quality, the increased yield, the shortened production period, the good weather resistance, the disease and insect resistance and the like of the planted land.

Due to the fallow and restoration period of the soil, the harvest window period is caused, the agricultural benefit is seriously damaged, and for example, perennial fruit trees and the like, the nutrients required for growth cannot be obtained in a rotation mode.

On the other hand, plants have the climate and environment which are most suitable for growth, the responses to soil characteristics are different, the plants have the exclusivity problem and inhibit the natural property of the plant growers in competition, the traditional rotation mode can mainly avoid the rapid consumption of soil nutrients on one side, and because different crops have different requirements on nutrients, the rotation can utilize the nutrients of the soil in a balanced manner and can also select other crops to improve the soil quality;

therefore, we propose an organic controlled release type compound fertilizer structure in order to solve the problems proposed in the above.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure, which solves the problems that the prior art brings about a blank window period for harvesting due to the fallow and restoration period of soil, seriously damages agricultural income and cannot obtain nutrients required by growth in a crop rotation mode.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an organic controlled release compound fertilizer structure comprising:

the base fertilizer unit is positioned on the top layer of the fertilizer structure, and the lower layer of the base fertilizer unit is sequentially provided with a growth fertilizer unit and a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit;

the first coating layer is correspondingly sleeved on the outer sides of the growth fertilizer unit and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit, and the top end surface of the first coating layer is flush with the top end surface of the growth fertilizer unit;

the second coating layer is correspondingly sleeved at the bottom of the outer side of the first coating layer, and the top end surface of the second coating layer is flush with the top end surface of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit;

the first coating layer has a shorter degradation time than the second coating layer;

the base fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of vinasse, bean dregs, palm ash, seaweed extract, rice hulls, straws, fishbone, ore and recycled starch;

the growth fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of vinasse, palm ash, seaweed extract, wheat bran, fish bones and thermoplastic starch;

the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of seaweed extract, incense ash, palm ash, wheat bran, fish bones, fermented fruit peels and recycled starch.

Preferably: the first coating layer is made of a mixture of seaweed extract, polyvinyl alcohol, thermoplastic starch, wheat bran, ore and recovered starch; the second coating layer is made of a mixture of wheat bran, rice hulls, straws, thermoplastic starch and biodegradable macromolecules.

Preferably: the bottom of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is also provided with a ripening adjusting fertilizer unit which is prepared from a mixture of oyster shell powder, potassium fulvate, seaweed essence, oleyl alcohol and corn straw stalk.

Preferably: the total height dimension H of the compound fertilizer structure is 40-70 cm.

Preferably: the height of the base fertilizer unit accounts for 20% -24% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the growth fertilizer unit accounts for 41-45% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit accounts for 33% -37% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure.

Preferably: the height of the base fertilizer unit accounts for 22% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the growth fertilizer unit accounts for 43 percent of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure; the height of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit accounts for 35% of the total height of the compound fertilizer structure.

Preferably: the fertilizer distributor also comprises a plate cover layer, wherein the plate cover layer is overlapped on the top surface of the base fertilizer unit, and a first inserting pipe and a second inserting pipe are inserted in the plate cover layer in a penetrating manner.

Preferably: the plate cover layer is a circular ring-shaped structure formed by combining a first half plate and a second half plate;

the first half plate and the second half plate are mutually clamped through a clamping block, and the first inserting pipe and the second inserting pipe are inserted into the first half plate and the second half plate in a non-uniform and dispersed manner;

wherein the first inserting pipe is inserted into the growth fertilizer unit, and the second inserting pipe is inserted into the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit.

Preferably: the height h2 of the growth fertilizer unit is 18-32 cm, and the thickness of the first coating layer sleeved outside the growth fertilizer unit is 0.2-2 mm.

Preferably: the height h3 of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is 13-21 cm, and the thickness of the second coating layer sleeved outside the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is 0.5-2.5 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the organic release-controllable compound fertilizer structure can timely release fertilizer nutrients required by growth at different stages aiming at growth at different plant crops and effectively maintain the sustainability of agricultural production;

1. the technical scheme is provided with a base fertilizer unit, a growth fertilizer unit and a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit, wherein the base fertilizer unit is used for decomposing toxins in soil and improving soil quality, the growth fertilizer unit is used for promoting the growth of roots, stems and leaves of planted crops, and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is used for promoting the flowering and fruiting of the planted crops, so that the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is convenient to use at different stages;

2. the fertilizer applying device is provided with a first coating layer and a second coating layer, wherein the first coating layer is sleeved outside the growth fertilizer unit and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit, and the second coating layer is sleeved outside the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit, so that fertilizers required by growth in different stages can be released timely at the stage where plants cannot grow;

3. be provided with board cover layer, first intubate and second intubate in this scheme, can push down the fertile unit of basement through board cover layer, guarantee the stability and the completeness of fertilizer structure, and through the different length settings of first intubate and second intubate, be convenient for ventilate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall disassembled structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall cutaway structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a front sectional structure diagram of the invention.

In the figure: 1. a basal fertilizer unit; 2. a fertilizer growing unit; 3. a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit; 4. a first cladding layer; 5. a second cladding layer; 6. a plate cover layer; 61. a first half-plate; 62. a second half-plate; 63. a clamping block; 7. a first cannula; 8. a second cannula.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention mainly aims to provide an organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure which is matched with stage growth of planted crops and can timely release fertilizer nutrients required by growth at different stages, and good growth conditions of the planted crops are provided. The invention also aims to provide an organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure, which can be used for fertilizing once from planting to maturing, can reduce the agricultural production and management cost, can improve continuous cropping farming obstacles and relatively improve the income of farmers.

The organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure comprises:

the base fertilizer unit 1 is positioned on the top layer of the fertilizer structure, and the lower layer of the base fertilizer unit 1 is sequentially provided with a growth fertilizer unit 2 and a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3;

the first coating layer 4 is correspondingly sleeved on the outer sides of the growth fertilizer unit 2 and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3, and the top end surface of the first coating layer 4 is flush with the top end surface of the growth fertilizer unit 2;

the second coating layer 5 is correspondingly sleeved at the bottom of the outer side of the first coating layer 4, and the top end surface of the second coating layer 5 is flush with the top end surface of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3;

the first coating layer has a shorter degradation time than the second coating layer;

the base fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of vinasse, bean dregs, palm ash, seaweed extract, rice hulls, straws, fishbone, ore and recycled starch;

the growth fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of vinasse, palm ash, seaweed extract, wheat bran, fish bones and thermoplastic starch;

the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is made of a mixture of seaweed extract, incense ash, palm ash, wheat bran, fish bones, fermented fruit peels and recycled starch.

According to the invention, a plurality of different types of fertilizers are pressed into a fertilizer unit combination and are pre-buried in soil to keep plants; wherein, the basal fertilizer unit is positioned on the upper layer of the fertilizer unit and is used for decomposing toxins in soil and improving soil quality; the growth fertilizer unit is positioned on the second layer of the fertilizer unit and is used for promoting the growth of roots, stems and leaves of the planted crops; the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is positioned at the lower layer of the fertilizer unit and is used for promoting the flowering and fruiting of the planted crops; the first coating layer is made of a short-term decomposed hydrophilic material and is sleeved on the outer sides of the growth fertilizer and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer; the second coating layer is made of hydrophilic materials decomposed for a medium and long term and is sleeved at the lower end of the first coating layer corresponding to the outer side of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit.

When the compound fertilizer structure is used, firstly, the pit is dug, the compound fertilizer structure is integrally buried in the pit, the height of the top surface of the compound fertilizer structure from the top of the pit is reserved by about 10-20 cm, then, seedlings are planted in the pit and positioned above the compound fertilizer structure, and after soil is backfilled, the seedlings are watered until a small amount of water overflows on the surface of the pit.

Since the same nutrients absorbed by the plants in continuous cropping cause rapid loss of nutrients in the soil, a large amount of chemical fertilizer supplementation must be relied upon finally, so that the dosage of the chemical fertilizer is increased. The basal fertilizer unit at least comprises vinasse, bean dregs, palm ash, seaweed extract, rice hulls, straws, fishbone, ore, recovered starch and the like, and is used for decomposing toxins in soil and improving soil quality.

In the growth process of plants, organic matters are slowly consumed, the lack of the organic matters can cause soil to be a little alkalized or hardened, vinasse is an acidic organic material, the alkaline earth can be softer and tends to be neutral or weakly acidic under the synergistic effect of watering, and the substrate unit aims at optimizing the earth.

One specific proportion range is 25-85% of vinasse, 15-25% of bean dregs, 0-8% of seaweed extract, 0-30% of rice husk, 5-20% of straw outer skin, 3-8% of fishbone, 10-25% of ore and 15-30% of recovered starch.

The first coating may be made of a hydrophilic material that is degradable for a short period of time, for example, the first coating may be made of a mixture of materials including at least seaweed extract, polyvinyl alcohol, thermoplastic starch, wheat bran, mineral and recycled starch.

The recycled starch, the thermoplastic starch and the polyvinyl alcohol are super-hydrophilic raw materials, and the three components are high in proportion and can be quickly hydrolyzed or degraded after meeting water.

The first coating layer comprises seaweed essence 5-10%, wheat bran 0-15%, polyvinyl alcohol 5-25%, thermoplastic starch 35-50%, ore 5-15%, and recovered starch 25-65%.

When the first coating layer is decomposed, the growth fertilizer units on the second layer of the composite structure can be exposed, and the growth fertilizer units on the second layer at least comprise materials such as vinasse, palm ash, seaweed essence, wheat bran, fishbone, thermoplastic starch and the like, namely, the growth rate of plants is improved, and the growth of roots, stems and leaves is promoted.

The seaweed extract is rich in phosphorus and potassium, and calcium contained in fishbone can promote growth of rhizome and leaf.

The specific proportion range of the growth fertilizer unit is 10-25% of vinasse, 5-35% of palm ash, 10-25% of seaweed essence, 15-40% of incense ash, 10-30% of wheat bran, 10-25% of fishbone and 5-30% of thermoplastic starch.

The second coating layer can be made of hydrophilic material which can be decomposed in medium and long periods, for example, the second coating layer can be made of material at least containing wheat bran, rice husk, straw, thermoplastic starch and biodegradable high polymer (one or more of PLA, PCL, PBAT and PBS). When the first coating layer is decomposed, the vegetable and fruit fertilizer units on the third layer of the composite structure can be exposed.

The biodegradable high polymer (one or more of PLA, PCL, PBAT and PBS) is a semi-hydrophobic material, the existence of the semi-hydrophobic material can improve the decomposition time, the thermoplastic starch is a hydrophilic material, and the degradation time can be adjusted by the proportion of the two materials.

The second coating layer comprises, by weight, 5-25% of wheat bran, 3-20% of rice husk, 10-30% of straw, 5-30% of thermoplastic starch and 10-55% of biodegradable polymer.

When plants enter the flowering and fruiting periods, the nutritional requirements of carbohydrate polymers and the like are dramatically increased, and particularly, phosphorus and potassium are energy elements required for plant growth and promotion of protein synthesis and photosynthesis.

The vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit at least comprises seaweed extract, incense ash, palm ash, wheat bran, fish bone, fermented fruit peel and recycled starch, namely the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is used for enhancing nutrients which are most needed by plants during flowering and fruit bearing, promoting fruit hypertrophy and the like.

The incense ash is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the seaweed essence is rich in magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron and other plant required components; palm ash contains rich potassium oxide, and is a main potassium source required by plants; the phosphorus and calcium contained in fish bones, nutrients in fermented peels and the like can promote fruit hypertrophy.

The specific proportion range of each component of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is 10-25% of seaweed extract, 15-40% of incense ash, 5-20% of palm ash, 10-15% of wheat bran, 10-25% of fishbone, 5-15% of fermented fruit peel and 3-10% of recycled starch.

The height of each unit is considered as the following factors, namely, the soil environment is not easy to improve if the height of the basal fertilizer unit is too low; too high a height may easily cause the possibility of excessive acidification of the soil or waste of excessive soil optimization time;

the height of the growth fertilizer unit is too low, so that the time for promoting the growth of the rootstocks is insufficient; the height is too high, and the timeliness of the vegetable and fruit auxiliary fertilizer can be easily missed; if the height of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit is too low, the time for the vegetable and fruit fertilizer assisting is possibly insufficient; too high a height may waste fertilizer units or thus affect the demand of other units.

The base fertilizer unit is suitable for the height which accounts for about 15-25%, preferably 20% of the total height of the fertilizer unit; the suitable height of the growth fertilizer unit accounts for 35-45%, preferably 40% of the total height of the fertilizer unit; the suitable height of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit accounts for 30-40% of the total height of the fertilizer unit, preferably 37% and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the compound fertilizer structure further comprises a ripening control fertilizer unit which is located at the bottom layer of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit, wherein the ripening control fertilizer unit at least comprises oyster shell powder, potassium fulvate (containing bacteria), seaweed essence, oleyl alcohol, corn stalk, and other materials, and when the ripening control fertilizer is used in the fruit hypertrophy stage, the ripening control fertilizer is used for increasing the fruit weight, increasing the sweetness of the fruit, improving the fruit grade, promoting the fruit coloring, and the like.

The oyster shell powder containing copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron, zinc and other powder layers also contains important components required by fruit thinning such as various amino acids; the potassium fulvate contains various nutrient components such as trace elements, rare earth elements, plant growth regulators, virus inhibitors and the like, so that the nutrients are more sufficient and the supply is more reasonable, and various physiological diseases caused by the lack of elements of crops are avoided; the oleyl alcohol can properly deacidify the fruits, reduce the sour and astringent feeling and increase the sweetness.

One specific proportion of each component of the ripening adjusting fertilizer is 15-30% of oyster shell powder, 25-35% of fulvic acid potassium (containing bacteria), 5-10% of seaweed essence, 5-25% of oleyl alcohol and 5-15% of corn stalk.

The compound fertilizer structure provided by the invention is matched with the stage growth of the planted crops, fertilizer nutrients required by different stages of growth are released timely, and fertilizer is applied once from planting to maturing, so that good growth conditions of the planted crops are provided, the agricultural production and management cost can be reduced, the continuous cropping farming obstacle can be improved, and the income of farmers is relatively increased.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the organic controllable release type compound fertilizer structure of the present invention comprises a base fertilizer unit 1, a growth fertilizer unit 2, a vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3, a first coating layer 4, a second coating layer 5, a plate cover layer 6, a first insertion tube 7 and a second insertion tube 8;

the base fertilizer unit 1 is located at the upper layer of the fertilizer structure as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the height h1 is 10-18 cm, and commercial loose soil essence can be adopted to decompose toxin in soil and improve soil quality; the growth fertilizer unit 2 is positioned on the second layer of the fertilizer structure, has the height h2 of 18-32 cm, can adopt fertilizer for plant growth such as granular urea or commercial stan-effect slow release fertilizer and the like, and is used for promoting the growth of roots, stems and leaves of the plant crops; the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3 is positioned at the lower layer of the fertilizer result, and the height h3 is 13-21 cm.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first coating layer 4 is wrapped on the outer sides of the growth fertilizer unit 2 and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3, the top end surface of the first coating layer 4 and the top end surface of the growth fertilizer unit 2 are arranged in a flush manner, the degradation time of the first coating layer is about 10-30 days, the second coating layer 5 is wrapped on the outer side of the first coating layer 4 on the outer side of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3, the top end surface of the second coating layer 5 and the top end surface of the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3 are arranged in a flush manner, the degradation time of the second coating layer 5 is about 60-100 days, the growth in different stages of planted crops is facilitated, and fertilizer nutrients required by growth in different stages can be released timely;

in addition, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first half-plate 61 and the second half-plate 62 are combined and placed on the top surface of the base fertilizer unit 1 through the fixture block 63, and can be placed after sapling planting, so that the stability of the base fertilizer unit 1 and the stable use of the whole fertilizer structure are ensured, meanwhile, the plate cover layer 6 can be punctured through downward pressing of the tips at the bottom ends of the first insertion tube 7 and the second insertion tube 8, and the first insertion tube 7 and the second insertion tube 8 can be conveniently inserted into the growth fertilizer unit 2 and the vegetable and fruit fertilizer unit 3 respectively, so that ventilation and water permeation are facilitated; when each fertilizer unit is decomposed, on one hand, generated gas can be discharged, and on the other hand, water can seep from the ground surface or the upper layer fertilizer unit, so that the decomposition of the fertilizer unit is accelerated.

Meanwhile, the materials of the first insertion pipe 7, the second insertion pipe 8 and the plate cover layer 6 are made of vinasse or thermoplastic starch plastics, so that the degradation is facilitated, and agricultural rotation is facilitated.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.