阅读说明：本技术 一种利用废热的船舶生物质气化以及制冷与发电系统 (Ship biomass gasification, refrigeration and power generation system utilizing waste heat ) 是由 贺天智 林睿 王树信 代黎博 彭佳杰 陈勇 陈旭 汪海燕 于 2021-10-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种利用废热的船舶生物质气化以及制冷与发电系统,属于船舶可再生能源利用技术领域。包括生物质气化及提纯单元、发动机废气回收利用单元、溴化锂吸收式制冷单元、富氧燃烧发电单元、水气分离单元和污水处理单元。本发明利用船舶生物质作为原料,利用废热来驱动船舶生物质气化,回收利用船舶生活垃圾,提高了低位热能的利用效率。通过所制取的合成气用来实现发动机燃料的掺氢燃烧,改善发动机的燃烧过程,降低污染物的排放；发电和吸收式制冷均采用富氧燃烧的方式,燃烧产生的高温烟气再次通入生物质气化装置进行换热,充分利用高温烟气的热量,提高了能量利用效率。且高温烟气成分只有CO-(2)和H-(2)O,便于实现碳捕获。(The invention relates to a ship biomass gasification, refrigeration and power generation system utilizing waste heat, and belongs to the technical field of ship renewable energy utilization. The system comprises a biomass gasification and purification unit, an engine waste gas recycling unit, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit, an oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit, a water-gas separation unit and a sewage treatment unit. According to the invention, the ship biomass is used as a raw material, waste heat is used for driving the ship biomass to gasify, the ship domestic garbage is recycled, and the utilization efficiency of low-level heat energy is improved. The prepared synthesis gas is used for realizing the hydrogen-doped combustion of the engine fuel, improving the combustion process of the engine and reducing the emission of pollutants; the mode of oxygen-enriched combustion is adopted for power generation and absorption refrigeration, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is introduced into the biomass gasification device again for heat exchange, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is fully utilized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved. And the high-temperature smoke component is only CO 2 And H 2 And O, facilitating carbon capture.)

1. A ship biomass gasification and refrigeration and power generation system using waste heat is characterized in that: the system comprises a biomass gasification and purification unit, an engine waste gas recycling unit, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit, an oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit, a water-gas separation unit and a sewage treatment unit.

2. The system of claim 1 for gasification of marine biomass and refrigeration and power generation using waste heat, wherein: the biomass gasification and purification unit comprises a water tank, a water vapor generator, a gasifying agent mixer, a biomass gasification device, an inertial separator, a tar separator, a heat exchanger and a synthetic gas storage device; the water tank, the water vapor generator, the gasifying agent mixer, the biomass gasification device, the inertial separator, the tar separator, the heat exchanger and the synthesis gas storage device are sequentially connected; the tar separator is connected with the sewage treatment unit.

3. The system of claim 2 for gasification of marine biomass and refrigeration and power generation using waste heat, wherein: the engine waste gas recycling unit comprises a synthetic gas pump A, a ship engine and a waste gas pump A; the synthetic gas storage device is connected with the ship engine through a synthetic gas pump A; the ship engine is connected with the biomass gasification device through an exhaust gas pump A.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the system comprises: the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit comprises a synthetic air pump B, a direct-fired lithium bromide absorption unit and a flue gas pump A; the synthesis gas storage device is connected with the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit through a synthesis gas pump B; the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit is connected with the biomass gasification device through a flue gas pump A.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the system comprises: the oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit comprises a synthesis gas compressor, a gas turbine, a power generation device and a flue gas pump B; the synthesis gas storage device is connected with the gas turbine through the synthesis gas compressor, and the gas turbine is connected with the power generation device; the gas turbine is connected with the biomass gasification device through a flue gas pump B.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the system comprises: the water-gas separation unit comprises a water-gas separation device, a water collector and CO₂Storage tank A, CO₂Splitter valve A and CO₂A flow divider valve B; the biomass gasification device is respectively connected with the water collector and the CO through the water-gas separation device₂The storage tank A is connected; CO 2₂The storage tank A passes through CO₂The flow divider A is connected with the gasifying agent mixer; CO 2₂The storage tank A passes through CO again₂The flow divider B is connected with the sewage treatment unit.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the system comprises: the sewage treatment unit comprises CO₂Compressor, CO₂Condenser, CO₂Storage tank B, supercritical CO₂A pump, a sewage extraction tank and an extraction liquid separator; the CO is₂The storage tank A passes through CO₂Flow divider B and CO₂Compressor, CO₂Condenser, CO₂Storage tank B, supercritical CO₂The pump and the sewage extraction tank are connected in sequence; the sewage extraction tank passes through the extraction liquid separator and then is mixed with CO₂The condenser is connected.

8. The system of claim 7 for gasification of marine biomass and refrigeration and power generation using waste heat, wherein: a valve A is arranged between the synthetic gas pump A and the ship engine; a waste gas valve A is arranged between the waste gas pump A and the biomass gasification device; a valve B is arranged between the synthesis gas pump B and the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit; a flue gas valve A is arranged between the flue gas pump A and the biomass gasification device; a flue gas valve B is arranged between the flue gas pump B and the biomass gasification device; the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption type unit is provided with an oxygen inlet; the gas turbine is provided with an oxygen inlet; the gasifying agent mixer is provided with an oxygen inlet.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the system comprises: the biomass gasification device comprises an inner pipe for biomass gasification reaction and an external space for introducing waste gas and flue gas to provide heat for biomass gasification; the external space of the biomass gasification device is divided into a first space and a second space; the first space is connected with an exhaust gas pump A; and the second space is connected with a flue gas pump A and a flue gas pump B.

10. The system of claim 9 for gasification of marine biomass and refrigeration and power generation using waste heat, wherein: the inner pipe of the biomass gasification device is provided with a temperature probe and an auxiliary electric heating device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ship biomass gasification, refrigeration and power generation system utilizing waste heat, and belongs to the technical field of ship renewable energy utilization.

Background

Ships generate and discharge various pollutants during operation. Among them, ship garbage and engine exhaust are two main pollution sources. With emission control laws becoming more stringent, and environmental and energy crisis issues facing humans becoming more severe, the task of finding a clean renewable energy source has become urgent. The biomass energy has the characteristics of reproducibility, wide raw material source, low carbon and environmental protection. The marine biomass mainly comprises kitchen waste, residual food, domestic sewage and other domestic waste. The synthesis gas prepared by gasifying the ship biomass is hydrogen-rich gas, and has the advantages of wide combustion limit, low ignition energy, high energy density and wide application.

At present, many ships do not have a perfect biomass garbage treatment system, the treated garbage often does not reach the direct discharge standard, and under the condition that the biomass garbage can not be normally treated by going out of shore, the garbage is illegally directly discharged into the sea or transferred to a dirty oil water receiving ship without the garbage receiving capacity, and the behaviors violate the international convention for preventing the ship from causing pollution and the regulations of port countries on ship garbage treatment and cause the pollution of marine environment. The ship garbage received by the ship without receiving capacity violates the port epidemic prevention and control regulations, thereby increasing the epidemic propagation risk and even causing safety accidents. On the other hand, marine engine exhaust is a major source of marine atmospheric pollution. The engine often produces a large amount of CO due to insufficient oil-gas mixing, slow flame propagation speed and insufficient local high-temperature anoxic combustion₂、CO、SO_XAnd NO_XWhen greenhouse gases and pollutants are discharged into the air, a large amount of energy is wasted and air pollution is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to treat and utilize biomass generated in the running process of a ship.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a ship biomass gasification, refrigeration and power generation system using waste heat, which comprises a biomass gasification and purification unit, an engine waste gas recycling unit, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit, an oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit, a water-gas separation unit and a sewage treatment unit.

Preferably, the biomass gasification and purification unit comprises a water tank, a water vapor generator, a gasifying agent mixer, a biomass gasification device, an inertial separator, a tar separator, a heat exchanger and a synthesis gas storage device; the water tank, the water vapor generator, the gasifying agent mixer, the biomass gasification device, the inertial separator, the tar separator, the heat exchanger and the synthesis gas storage device are sequentially connected; the tar separator is connected with the sewage treatment unit.

Preferably, the engine exhaust gas recycling unit comprises a synthetic gas pump A, a marine engine and an exhaust gas pump A; the synthetic gas storage device is connected with the ship engine through a synthetic gas pump A; the ship engine is connected with the biomass gasification device through an exhaust gas pump A.

Preferably, the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit comprises a synthetic air pump B, a direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption unit and a flue gas pump A; the synthesis gas storage device is connected with the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit through a synthesis gas pump B; the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit is connected with the biomass gasification device through a flue gas pump A.

Preferably, the oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit comprises a synthesis gas compressor, a gas turbine, a power generation device and a flue gas pump B; the synthesis gas storage device is connected with the gas turbine through the synthesis gas compressor, and the gas turbine is connected with the power generation device; the gas turbine is connected with the biomass gasification device through a flue gas pump B.

Preferably, the water-gas separation unit comprises a water-gas separation device, a water collector and CO₂Storage tank A, CO₂Splitter valve A and CO₂A flow divider valve B; the biomass gasification device is respectively connected with the water collector and the CO through the water-gas separation device₂The storage tank A is connected; CO 2₂The storage tank A passes through CO₂The flow divider A is connected with the gasifying agent mixer; CO 2₂The storage tank A passes through CO again₂The flow divider B is connected with the sewage treatment unit.

Preferably, the sewage treatment unit comprises CO₂CompressionMechanical, CO₂Condenser, CO₂Storage tank B, supercritical CO₂A pump, a sewage extraction tank and an extraction liquid separator; the CO is₂The storage tank A passes through CO₂Flow divider B and CO₂Compressor, CO₂Condenser, CO₂Storage tank B, supercritical CO₂The pump and the sewage extraction tank are connected in sequence; the sewage extraction tank passes through the extraction liquid separator and then is mixed with CO₂The condenser is connected.

Preferably, a valve A is arranged between the synthetic gas pump A and the ship engine; a waste gas valve A is arranged between the waste gas pump A and the biomass gasification device; a valve B is arranged between the synthesis gas pump B and the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit; a flue gas valve A is arranged between the flue gas pump A and the biomass gasification device; a flue gas valve B is arranged between the flue gas pump B and the biomass gasification device; the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption type unit is provided with an oxygen inlet; the gas turbine is provided with an oxygen inlet; the gasifying agent mixer is provided with an oxygen inlet.

Preferably, the biomass gasification device comprises an inner pipe for biomass gasification reaction and an outer space for introducing waste gas and flue gas to provide heat for biomass gasification; the external space of the biomass gasification device is divided into a first space and a second space; the first space is connected with an exhaust gas pump A; and the second space is connected with a flue gas pump A and a flue gas pump B.

Preferably, the inner pipe of the biomass gasification device is provided with a temperature probe and an auxiliary electric heating device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention provides a ship biomass gasification system, which is used for recycling ship biomass garbage to prepare hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, realizes energy conservation and emission reduction, and is beneficial to sustainable development.

2. The invention utilizes the waste heat of the engine to drive the biomass gasification of the ship, and the prepared synthesis gas is used for realizing the hydrogen-doped combustion of the engine fuel, thereby improving the combustion process of the engine and simultaneously reducing HC and NO_XAnd the like. The utilization efficiency of low-level heat energy can be improved, and green development of ships can be realized.

3. The gasifying agent used by the biomass gasifying system of the ship can be H₂O、CO₂Or a high concentration of O₂Or the mixture of the three or two of the above, the raw material of the gasifying agent is widely and easily available. The prepared synthetic gas is free of combustible component H₂CO and CH₄Containing only CO in addition to the gases₂And H₂And O. The synthesis gas is used for combustion power generation and absorption refrigeration, and high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is introduced into the biomass gasification device again for heat exchange, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is fully utilized, and the energy utilization efficiency is further improved. And the high-temperature smoke component is only CO₂And H₂And O, facilitating carbon capture.

4. In the biomass gasification device provided by the invention, the external space for providing waste heat for gasification reaction is divided into a first space and a second space. Because the engine does not completely enter the hydrogen-doped combustion state in the initial operation state of the system, the discharged gas contains more HC and NO_XPollutants are not beneficial to carbon capture, so that part of waste gas is introduced into the first space for heat exchange; and the smoke which is generated by the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit and the oxygen-enriched combustion power generation and does not contain pollutants is introduced into the second space for heat exchange. The first space and the second space are not communicated with each other. The flue gas subjected to heat exchange in the second space is independently introduced into a water-gas separation device for carbon capture treatment, and CO obtained by carbon capture is utilized₂Preparation of supercritical CO₂The device is used for extracting the sewage generated in the biomass gasification process, can realize the sewage purification with lower cost, realizes the carbon capture, treats the sewage generated in the biomass gasification process and achieves the aim of green operation of ships.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for gasification of marine biomass and refrigeration and power generation using waste heat according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a marine biomass gasification plant according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view showing the structure of the gasification apparatus for marine biomass according to the present invention;

reference numerals: 1. a water tank; 2. water vaporA gas generator; 3. a gasifying agent mixer; 4. a biomass gasification unit; 5. an inertial separator; 6. a tar separator; 7. a heat exchanger; 8. a syngas storage device; 9. a synthetic gas pump A; 10. a valve A; 11. a marine engine; 12. an exhaust gas pump A; 13. an exhaust gas valve A; 14. a synthetic gas pump B; 15. a valve B; 16.O₂A tank A; 17.O₂A pump; 18. a direct-fired lithium bromide absorption unit; 19. a flue gas pump A; 20. a flue gas valve A; 21. a synthesis gas compressor; 22.O₂A tank B; 23.O₂A compressor; 24. a gas turbine; 25. a power generation device; 26. a flue gas pump B; 27. a flue gas valve B; 28. a water-gas separation device; 29. a water collector; CO 30₂A storage tank A; CO 31₂A flow divider valve A; CO 32₂A flow divider valve B; CO 33₂A compressor; CO 34₂A condenser; CO 35₂A storage tank B; 36. supercritical CO₂A pump; 37. a sewage extraction tank; 38. an extraction liquid separator; 39.O₂A tank C; 40. a first space; 41. a second space; 42. a partition plate; 43. an inner tube; 44. engine exhaust gas; 45. flue gas; 46. a marine biomass inlet; 47. a tar-containing sewage outlet; 48. a gasification agent inlet; 49. and (6) a synthesis gas outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a biomass gasification, refrigeration and power generation system for ships using waste heat, comprising a biomass gasification and purification unit, an engine waste gas recycling unit, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit, an oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit, a water-gas separation unit and a sewage treatment unit. The biomass gasification and purification unit comprises a water tank 1, a water vapor generator 2, a gasifying agent mixer 3, a biomass gasification device 4, an inertial separator 5, a tar separator 6, a heat exchanger 7 and a synthetic gas storage device 8; the water tank 1, the water vapor generator 2, the gasifying agent mixer 3, the biomass gasification device 4, the inertia separator 5, the tar separator 6, the heat exchanger 7 and the synthesis gas storage device 8 are connected in sequence; the tar separator 6 is connected with the sewage treatment unit. The engine exhaust gas recycling unit comprises a synthetic gas pump A9, a ship engine 11 and an exhaust gas pump A12; syngas storageThe device 8 is connected with the ship engine 11 through a synthetic air pump A9; the marine engine 11 is connected to the biomass gasification apparatus 4 by an exhaust gas pump a 12. The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit comprises a synthetic air pump B14, a direct-fired lithium bromide absorption unit 18 and a flue gas pump A19; the synthesis gas storage device 8 is connected with the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption type unit 18 through a synthesis gas pump B14; the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption unit 18 is connected with the biomass gasification device 4 through a flue gas pump a 19. The oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit comprises a synthesis gas compressor 21, a gas turbine 24, a power generation device 25 and a flue gas pump B26; the synthesis gas storage device 8 is connected with a gas turbine 24 through a synthesis gas compressor 21, and the gas turbine 24 is connected with a power generation device 25; the gas turbine 24 is connected to the biomass gasification device 4 by a flue gas pump B26. The water-gas separation unit comprises a water-gas separation device 28, a water collector 29 and CO₂Storage tank A30, CO₂Diverter valve A31 and CO₂A flow dividing valve B32; the biomass gasification device 4 is respectively connected with the water collector 29 and the CO through the water-gas separation device 28₂The storage tank A30 is connected; CO 2₂Tank A30 passing CO₂The flow dividing valve A31 is connected with the gasifying agent mixer 3; CO 2₂Storage tank A30 is then passed through CO₂The diverter valve B32 is connected with the sewage treatment unit. The sewage treatment unit comprises CO₂Compressor 33, CO₂Condenser 34, CO₂Storage tank B35, supercritical CO₂A pump 36, a sewage extraction tank 37 and an extraction liquid separator 38; CO 2₂Tank A30 passing CO₂Diverter valve B32 and CO₂Compressor 33, CO₂Condenser 34, CO₂Storage tank B35, supercritical CO₂The pump 36 and the sewage extraction tank 37 are connected in sequence; the sewage extraction tank 37 passes through an extraction liquid separator 38 and then is mixed with CO₂The condenser 34 is connected. A valve A10 is arranged between the synthetic air pump A9 and the ship engine 11; an exhaust gas valve A13 is arranged between the exhaust gas pump A12 and the biomass gasification device 4; a valve B15 is arranged between the synthetic air pump B14 and the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit 18; a flue gas valve A20 is arranged between the flue gas pump A19 and the biomass gasification device 4; a flue gas valve B27 is arranged between the flue gas pump B26 and the biomass gasification device 4; the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption type unit 18 is provided with an oxygen inlet; the gas turbine 24 is provided with an oxygen inlet; the gasifying agent mixer 3 is provided with an oxygen inlet. Biomass gasThe gasification device 4 comprises an inner pipe 43 for biomass gasification reaction and an external space for introducing waste gas and flue gas to provide heat for biomass gasification; the external space of the biomass gasification device 4 is divided into a first space 40 and a second space 41; space one 40 is connected to the exhaust pump a 13; the second space 41 is connected with a flue gas pump A19 and a flue gas pump B26. The inner tube 43 of the biomass gasification device is provided with a temperature probe and an auxiliary electric heating device.

As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a ship biomass gasification and refrigeration and power generation system utilizing waste heat, which comprises a water tank 1, a water vapor generator 2, a gasifying agent mixer 3, a biomass gasification device 4, an inertial separator 5, a tar separator 6, a heat exchanger 7, a synthetic gas storage device 8, a synthetic gas pump A9, a valve A10, a ship engine 11, an exhaust gas pump A12, an exhaust gas valve A13, a synthetic gas pump B14, a valve B15, an O2 tank A16, an O₂Pump 17, direct-fired lithium bromide absorption type unit 18, flue gas pump A19, flue gas valve A20, synthetic gas compressor 21, O₂Tanks B22, O₂Compressor 23, gas turbine 24, power generation facility 25, flue gas pump B26, flue gas valve B27, water-gas separation device 28, water collector 29, CO₂Storage tank A30, CO₂Diverter valve A31, CO₂Flow divider B32, CO₂Compressor 33, CO₂Condenser 34, CO₂Storage tank B35, supercritical CO₂Pump 36, sewage extraction tank 37, extraction liquid separator 38, O₂Tank C39;

the water tank 1 stores fresh water from a ship fresh water system or a ship domestic water supply system, and feeds the water into the water vapor generator 2; the water vapor generator 2 is used for heating water into water vapor, and the water vapor is introduced into the gasifying agent mixer 3; the gasifying agent mixer 3 is used for uniformly mixing the gasifying agents required by the reaction and sending the gasifying agents to the biomass gasification device 4; the biomass gasification device 4 is used for gasifying the ship biomass garbage to prepare crude synthesis gas, and introducing a product after reaction into the inertial separator 5; the inertia separator 5 is used for separating ash in the crude synthesis gas and introducing the residual crude synthesis gas into the tar separator 6; the tar separator 6 is used for separating tar in the crude synthesis gas to obtain hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, and the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas is introduced into the heat exchanger 7; the tar-containing sewage separated by the tar separator 6 is introduced into a sewage extraction tank 37; the heat exchanger 7 is used for preheating water entering the water vapor generator and introducing the cooled hydrogen-rich synthesis gas into a synthesis gas storage device 8;

the inlet end of the synthesis gas pump A9 is connected with a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas storage device 8 and transmits the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas to the ship engine 11 so as to improve the combustion and emission performance of the ship engine 11; the valve a10 is used to regulate the flow of syngas into the marine engine 11; the inlet of the exhaust gas pump A12 is connected with an exhaust pipe of the ship engine 11 and used for introducing exhaust gas into the biomass gasification device 4; the waste gas valve A13 is used for regulating the flow of waste gas entering the biomass gasification device to provide waste heat;

the inlet end of the synthesis gas pump B14 is connected with the synthesis gas storage device 8; the valve B15 is used to control the flow of the synthesis gas entering the direct-fired lithium bromide absorption chiller unit 18; o is₂The pump 17 is used for supplying O required for combustion to the direct-combustion type lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18₂(ii) a The direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 utilizes the combustion heat of the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas to produce cold energy to supply to various ship refrigerating devices including a ship central air-conditioning system, a water-cooled cabinet machine and a refrigeration house; the flue gas pump A19 is used for introducing high-temperature flue gas generated by the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit 18 into the biomass gasification device 4 to recover heat of the high-temperature flue gas; the flue gas valve A20 is used for adjusting the flow of flue gas entering the biomass gasification device 4 for providing waste heat;

the inlet end of the synthesis gas compressor 21 is connected with the synthesis gas storage device 4, and the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas is introduced into the gas turbine 24; o is₂Compressor 23 compresses O₂Compressed and then fed into a gas turbine 24; the gas turbine 24 is driven by the heat generated by the combustion of the hydrogen-rich synthesis gas to expand to do work; the generator set 25 is connected with the gas turbine 24 and is driven by the gas turbine 24 to do work and generate electricity; the inlet end of a flue gas pump B26 is connected with the flue gas outlet of the gas turbine 24, and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the biomass gasification device 4 to recover the waste heat of the flue gas; the flue gas valve B27 is used for adjusting the flue gas flow entering the biomass gasification device 4 from the gas turbine 24 to provide waste heat;

water-gas separator 28 inlet and organismThe mass gasification device 4 is connected and used for carrying out water-gas separation on the flue gas after heat exchange; the water separated by the water-gas separation device 28 is introduced into a water collector 29; CO separated by the water-gas separator 28₂To CO₂A storage tank A30; the water stored in the water collector 29 is discharged or is introduced into a water vapor generator to be used as a biomass gasifying agent for recycling; CO 2₂The storage tank A30 is used for storing CO separated by the water-gas separator 28₂；CO₂Diverter valve A31 is used to divert CO₂Part of CO in storage tank A30₂A gasifying agent mixer 3 is introduced to be used as a biomass gasifying agent for recycling; CO 2₂The shunt valve B32 is used for discharging the rest CO in the storage tank₂Introducing CO₂A compressor 33;

CO₂compressor 33 for compressing CO₂Compressing the gas; CO 2₂Outlet end of compressor 33 and CO₂The condenser 34 is connected; CO 2₂The condenser 34 is used for feeding gaseous CO₂Condensing into liquid state; CO 2₂Tank B35 is used to collect liquid CO₂And introducing supercritical CO₂In the pump 36; supercritical CO₂The pump 36 is used for pumping CO₂Is prepared into supercritical state and is used for supercritical CO₂Introducing into a sewage extraction tank 37 to extract tar; the outlet end of the sewage extraction tank 37 is connected with an extraction liquid separator 38, and the extraction liquid separator 38 is used for extracting CO₂Introduction into CO₂In the condenser 34;

as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the biomass gasification apparatus 4 includes an inner pipe 43 and an outer space; a biomass gasification reaction occurs in the inner tube 43; waste gas and flue gas are introduced into the external annular space to provide heat for biomass gasification; the inner tube 43 of the biomass gasification device 4 is provided with a temperature probe and an auxiliary electric heating device, and when the gasification temperature monitored by the temperature probe is lower than 500 ℃, the electric heating device is started to supply heat for biomass gasification in an auxiliary manner; when the temperature monitored by the temperature probe is not lower than 500 ℃, the auxiliary electric heating device is closed; the external space of the biomass gasification device 4 is divided into two parts by a partition plate 42, the engine waste gas 44 is introduced into the space I40, and the flue gas 45 of the oxygen-enriched combustion and direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit is introduced into the space II 41; the inner pipe of the biomass gasification device 4 is provided with a ship biomass inlet 46, a tar-containing sewage outlet 47, a gasifying agent inlet 48 and a synthesis gas outlet 49;

the system also comprises O for supplying oxygen to the direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption type unit 18₂Tank a 16; o is₂Tank A16 through O₂The pump 17 is connected to a direct-combustion lithium bromide absorption unit 18.

The system also includes O for supplying oxygen to the gas turbine 24₂Tank B22; o is₂Tank B22 through O₂The compressor 23 is connected to a gas turbine 24.

In the system is set O₂The tank C39 is connected to the gasifying agent mixer 3.

The invention provides a ship biomass gasification, refrigeration and power generation system utilizing waste heat. According to the invention, the ship biomass is used as a raw material, the waste heat is used for driving the gasification process of the ship biomass, the ship domestic garbage is recycled, and the utilization efficiency of low-level heat energy is improved. The synthetic gas prepared by the invention can be used for realizing the hydrogen-doped combustion of the engine fuel, can improve the combustion process of the engine and can reduce the emission of pollutants. The power generation and the absorption refrigeration in the invention both adopt an oxygen-enriched combustion mode, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is introduced into the biomass gasification device again for heat exchange, so that the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is fully utilized, and the energy utilization efficiency is further improved. And the high-temperature smoke component is only CO₂And H₂And O, facilitating carbon capture.

While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.