阅读说明：本技术 波动性电解制氢系统、配置方法及运行控制方法 (Fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, configuration method and operation control method ) 是由 张畅 王金意 余智勇 任志博 王鹏杰 徐显明 张欢 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了波动性电解制氢系统、配置方法及运行控制方法,实现电解槽容量对波动性能源的适应,并对电解槽辅助系统进行相应的优化设计,在电解槽固有操作弹性的基础上发挥多模块匹配的灵活性,实现快速响应、提高装置运行安全性、提高整体运行性能。(The invention provides a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, a configuration method and an operation control method, which realize the adaptation of the capacity of an electrolytic cell to fluctuating energy, carry out corresponding optimal design on an auxiliary system of the electrolytic cell, exert the flexibility of multi-module matching on the basis of the inherent operation elasticity of the electrolytic cell, realize quick response, improve the operation safety of the device and improve the overall operation performance.)

1. The method for configuring the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system is characterized by at least comprising the configuration of an electrolytic cell, wherein the configuration steps of the electrolytic cell are as follows:

a, selecting the power capacity sequence [ P ] of the electrolytic cell according to the power load characteristic curve of the fluctuating power₁,P₂,…,P_n]；

b for any power capacity P of the electrolytic cell_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) Selecting power capacity p of single electrolytic cell_iSatisfies the basic power capacity P_iThe number of the electrolytic cells is as follows: n is_i＝[P_i/p_i]，[]Representing the maximum integer value.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power load of the fluctuating power is a portion of the fluctuating power which needs to be absorbed by electrolytic hydrogen production, namely, a direct power output of the fluctuating power, a surplus power of the fluctuating power after the fluctuating power subtracts a power grid dispatching requirement, or a surplus power of thermal power and gas power after the peak load regulation requirement.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power load characteristic curve of the fluctuating power is a historical operating curve or a calculated power prediction curve of the fluctuating power, with the power load of the fluctuating power as a horizontal axis and the time probability of occurrence of the power load as a vertical axis.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sequence of electrolyzer power capacities is constructed by: sequentially taking points 0, 1,2, …, n along the power from large to small on the power load curve of the fluctuating power supply; wherein the point 0 is the power minimum value, the point n is the power maximum value, and the difference value of the power corresponding to each point and the previous point is the power capacity sequence of the electrolytic cell.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method for sequentially taking points along the power from large to small direction on the fluctuating power supply power load curve is as follows:

a, determining the position of a power maximum value point n: respectively making a perpendicular line l from any point on the curve and two end points of the curve to the x axis₀₁，l₀₂，l_j(ii) a Curve i₀₁X axis, l_jThe enclosed area is S_j(ii) a Curve i₀₁X axis, l₀₂The enclosed area is S₀；

S_j＝a*S₀

Where a is the power load absorption coefficient, l_jThe point corresponding to the curve is the power maximum point n;

b, determining other point positions: respectively making a perpendicular line l from a power maximum value point n, a power minimum value point 0 and any point on the curve to the x axis_n、l₀、l_j(ii) a Curve i₀X axis, l_jThe enclosed area is S_j(ii) a Curve i₀X axis, l_nThe enclosed area is S_n(ii) a Wherein S_j＝j/n*S_n。

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method for sequentially taking points along the power from large to small direction on the fluctuating power supply power load curve is that step b is replaced by: respectively making a perpendicular line l from a power maximum value point n, a power minimum value point 0 and any point on the curve to the x axis_n、l₀、l_j；l₀、l_jThe length between the intersection point with the x-axis is a_j(ii) a Will l₀、l_nThe length between the intersection point with the x-axis is a_n(ii) a Wherein a is_j＝j/n*a_n。

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the power load absorption coefficient a is set by a user according to actual needs, and the value range is a e (0, 1).

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method is satisfiedUnder the constraint premise of the power load absorption coefficient a, P_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) And n_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) The selection of (c) follows the principle of economic optimality.

9. The fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system configured according to the economic optimum principle according to the method of claim 8, characterized by further comprising an auxiliary system which is matched with the electrolytic bath to at least complete the functions of transformation and distribution, raw material conveying and heat exchange in the electrolysis process; the auxiliary system comprises an auxiliary frame, a rectifier transformer, a cooling water system and an alkali liquor circulating system.

10. The method for controlling the operation of a fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:

(1) according to the sequence of the power from small to large, the corresponding P is₁,P₂,…，P_nEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_nThe number of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is {1,2, …, n₁}{1,2,…,n₂}…{1,2,…,n_n}

(2) The control system receives the fluctuating power input signal P and recognizesThe power sum closest to P:

(3) starting corresponding P according to the sequence of the power from small to large₁,P₂,…，P_jEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_jAn electrolytic hydrogen production device;

(4) calculating the residual powerAdjust to P_j+1 electrolytic hydrogen production plant.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of renewable energy sources and hydrogen energy, in particular to a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, a configuration method and an operation control method.

Background

With the increasing of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic in the energy supply proportion of China, the impact of the volatility of the renewable energy sources on a power grid becomes a problem to be solved urgently. The route of utilizing renewable energy sources to electrolyze water to prepare green hydrogen and storing the hydrogen is an effective means for realizing large-scale renewable energy source storage and relieving the pressure of a power grid.

The basic equipment for realizing the hydrogen production process by electrolyzing water is an electrolytic bath, and at present, two commercial electrolytic baths are mainly used: alkaline electrolyzers and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. In the past, both types of electrolysis cells were developed for the purpose of hydrogen production, and in the field of energy, particularly in the context of matching fluctuating renewable energy, the adaptability and operation control mode of electrolysis cells have yet to be extensively studied. Generally, the power adjustable range of an alkaline electrolytic cell can reach 50-100%, and a PEM electrolytic cell can reach 10-100%, however, the influence of the long-term fluctuation operation on the service life and the like on the response speed of the electrolytic cell to the change of renewable energy sources, the safety under low load and the like in the industry are not uniformly known, and practical experience is not provided for how to utilize the electrolytic cell to carry out fluctuation hydrogen production so as to realize the matching and consumption of the renewable energy sources.

In addition to the intrinsic flexibility of the electrolyzer, the auxiliary system of the electrolyzer is also an important factor influencing the flexibility of hydrogen production by electrolysis, including power distribution, cooling water circulation and the like. The current electrolytic cell design manufacturers often have little consideration in the aspects of electrolytic hydrogen production auxiliary system configuration and flexibility control due to the traditional small-scale and stable power application ideas. In addition, with the development of renewable energy sources in the future, a fluctuating large-scale hydrogen production application scene in the aspects of renewable energy source consumption or storage is gradually popularized, which relates to the configuration and optimization of a plurality of electrolytic cell modules, the current electrolytic cell application is limited to scale, the problem of multi-module configuration is rarely considered, how to fully exert flexibility in the multi-module configuration of the electrolytic cell, optimally design an auxiliary system of the electrolytic cell, improve the energy utilization efficiency and the service performance of the electrolytic cell is a key problem for realizing the matching of fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production and the renewable energy sources.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related technology at least to a certain extent, and provides a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, a configuration method and an operation control method, so that the adaptability of the capacity of an electrolytic cell to fluctuating energy is realized, the corresponding optimal design is carried out on an auxiliary system of the electrolytic cell, the flexibility of multi-module matching is exerted on the basis of the inherent operation elasticity of the electrolytic cell, and the quick response, the operation safety of the device and the overall operation performance are realized.

In view of the above, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for configuring a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, comprising at least a configuration of an electrolysis cell, the steps of the configuration of the electrolysis cell are as follows:

a, selecting an electrolytic cell power capacity sequence [ P ] according to the power load characteristic curve of fluctuating power₁,P₂,…,P_n]；

b any power capacity P of the cell_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) Selecting power capacity p of single electrolytic cell_iSatisfies the basic power capacity P_iThe number of the electrolytic cells is as follows: n is_i＝[P_i/p_i]，[]Representing the maximum integer value.

Preferably, the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system further comprises the configuration of an auxiliary system, and the configuration method of the auxiliary system comprises the following steps: any power capacity P to the cell_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) N to which it corresponds_iThe electrolytic bath is provided with a uniform auxiliary system which comprises an auxiliary frame, a rectifier transformer, a cooling water system, an alkali liquor circulating system and the like.

The electrolytic cell of the present invention may be any of the commercial and practical initial electrolytic cells, such as alkaline electrolytic cells, PEM electrolytic cells, solid oxide electrolytic cells, anion exchange membrane electrolytic cells.

The fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production in the invention is electrolysis hydrogen production by using electric power with fluctuating output power as an electrolysis power source. The fluctuating power can be wind power, photovoltaic power, biomass power generation or thermal power, nuclear power, hydroelectric power or other fluctuating power with peak regulation requirements.

According to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, the power load of the fluctuating power is the part of the fluctuating power which needs to be absorbed through electrolysis hydrogen production, namely the direct power output of the fluctuating power, the surplus power of the fluctuating power after the power grid dispatching requirement is subtracted, or the surplus power of the thermal power and the gas power after the peak regulation output requirement is subtracted.

In the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, the power load characteristic curve of the fluctuating power takes the power load of the fluctuating power as a horizontal axis and the time probability of the occurrence of the power load as a vertical axis, and is a historical operation curve or a power prediction curve obtained by calculation of the fluctuating power.

The power prediction curve obtained by calculation in the invention is a power prediction curve obtained by calculation according to a theoretical or empirical formula.

The configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps of: sequentially taking points 0, 1,2, …, n along the power from large to small on a power load curve of the fluctuating power supply; wherein, the point 0 is the minimum power value, the point n is the maximum power value, and the difference value of the power corresponding to each point and the previous point is the power capacity sequence of the electrolytic cell.

The configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system comprises the following steps of sequentially taking points along the power from large to small on a fluctuating power supply power load curve:

a, determining the position of a power maximum value point n: respectively making a perpendicular line l from two end points of the curve and any point on the curve to the x axis₀₁，l₀₂，l_j(ii) a Curve l₀₁X axis, l_jThe enclosed area is S_j(ii) a Curve l₀₁X axis, l₀₂The enclosed area is S₀；

S_j＝a*S₀

Where a is the power load absorption coefficient, l_jThe point of the corresponding curve is the power maximum point n;

b, determining other point positions: respectively composed of a power maximum point n, a power minimum point 0, and any point on the curveMaking a perpendicular line l to the x-axis_n、l₀、l_j(ii) a Curve l₀X axis, l_jThe enclosed area is S_j(ii) a Curve l₀X axis, l_nThe enclosed area is S_n(ii) a Wherein S_j＝j/n*S_n。

According to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system, points are sequentially taken from large to small along the power on the fluctuating power supply power load curve, and the step b is replaced by the following steps: respectively drawing a perpendicular line l from any point on the power maximum value point n, the power minimum value point 0 and the curve to the x axis_n、l₀、l_j；l₀、l_jThe length between the intersection point with the x-axis is a_j(ii) a Will l₀、l_nThe length between the intersection point with the x-axis is a_n(ii) a Wherein a is_j＝j/n*a_n。

According to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system, the power load absorption coefficient a is set by a user according to actual needs, and the value range is a from a to (0, 1).

The configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system meets the constraint of the power load absorption coefficient a_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) And n_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) The selection of (c) follows the principle of economic optimality.

According to the second purpose of the invention, the invention provides a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, which is configured according to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system and following the economic optimum principle, and also comprises an auxiliary system which is matched with an electrolytic bath to at least complete the functions of power transformation and distribution, raw material conveying and heat exchange in the electrolytic process; the auxiliary system comprises an auxiliary frame, a rectifier transformer, a cooling water system and an alkali liquor circulating system.

According to a third object of the invention, the operation control method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided, and comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the sequence of the power from small to large, the corresponding P is₁,P₂,…，P_nEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_nThe number of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is {1,2, …, n₁}{1,2,…,n₂}…{1,2,…,n_n}

(2) The control system receives the fluctuating power input signal P and recognizesThe power sum closest to P:

(3) starting corresponding P according to the sequence of the power from small to large₁,P₂,…，P_jEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_jAn electrolytic hydrogen production device;

(4) calculating the residual powerAdjust to P_j+1 electrolytic hydrogen production plant.

In the invention, the specific method of the step (4) is as follows: calculate the correspondence P_j+1 minimum number of devices m to be started in the electrolytic hydrogen production plant group, where m ═ P_R/p_j+1]-1([]Representing larger integer values); calculating residual power Pr ═ P_R-m*p_j+1(ii) a Extracting corresponding P_j+1Allowable power load factor variation range [ a, b ] of electrolytic hydrogen production plant group](ii) a Calculating k-Pr/p_j+1Comparing with a and b;

if k is less than or equal to a and k +1 is less than or equal to b:

starting the previous m-1 devices to rated power p according to the serial number sequence of the group_j+ 1; starting the mth equipment with the power of (k +1) p_j+1；

If k is less than or equal to a and k +1> b:

defining w as a positive integer, wherein w belongs to [1, m ];

calculating the minimum w of (k +1)/w ≦ b, denoted as w_min；

If (k +1)/w_min≥a：

M-w before starting according to the serial number sequence of the group_minStage apparatus to rated power p_j+ 1; starting the m-w according to the serial number sequence of the group_min+1，To the m-th equipment, the power is (k +1)/w_min*p_j+1；

If (k +1)/w_min<a：

Starting the previous m devices to rated power p according to the serial number sequence of the group_j+ 1; absorbing residual power P by using system standby energy storage equipment_r；

If k > a:

starting the previous m devices to rated power p according to the serial number sequence of the group_j+ 1; starting the (m +1) th equipment with the power of kp_j+1。

Wherein the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment with larger number is preferentially taken as the equipment which runs in a fluctuating way, so as to lead the running state of the equipment to be more balanced and aim at the corresponding P₁,P₂,…，P_nEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_nNumber change time t defined by electrolytic hydrogen production equipment₁,t₂,…，t_n(ii) a When the above events are reached, the equipment number is changed according to the following rule:

for corresponding P_jIs numbered {1,2, …, n_jN of_jThe platform equipment, after the number setting is finished once, when t_jAfter the time is up, the system automatically changes the serial number to {2, …, n_j,1}。

Through the technical scheme, the invention provides a fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system, a configuration method and an operation control method, and the system has the following technical effects: the invention matches the fluctuating power load with the capacity of the electrolytic cell for electrolytic hydrogen production in a segmented manner, and each corresponding power value can be formed by a plurality of electrolytic hydrogen production modules with the same power according to a certain economic optimum principle and according to the influence of the power capacity and the number of the single module on the absorption capacity, the fluctuation adjustment depth and the like; and the power modulation depth of each electrolytic cell module is reduced, the requirement on operation and maintenance is reduced, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

The invention sets different auxiliary systems for the electrolytic tanks with different power capacities in the electrolytic hydrogen production system, and sets a shared auxiliary system for the electrolytic tanks with the same power capacity, thereby saving investment and space, improving the overall energy efficiency and considering the operation flexibility.

The invention can realize the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production configuration with flexibility, safety and economy according to the characteristics of fluctuating power load, and provides an effective energy absorption and storage means for the energy structure mainly based on renewable energy sources in the future.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Examples

The embodiment provides a configuration method of a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, which at least comprises the configuration of an electrolytic cell, wherein the configuration steps of the electrolytic cell are as follows:

a, selecting an electrolytic cell power capacity sequence [ P ] according to the power load characteristic curve of fluctuating power₁,P₂,…,P_n]；

b any power capacity P of the cell_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) Selecting power capacity p of single electrolytic cell_iSatisfies the basic power capacity P_iThe number of the electrolytic cells is as follows: n is_i＝[P_i/p_i]，[]Representing the maximum integer value.

Preferably, the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system further comprises the configuration of an auxiliary system, and the configuration method of the auxiliary system comprises the following steps: any power capacity P to the cell_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) N to which it corresponds_iThe electrolytic cell is uniformly configuredThe auxiliary system comprises an auxiliary frame, a rectifier transformer, a cooling water system, an alkali liquor circulating system and the like.

The electrolytic cell in this embodiment may be any of the commercial and practical initial electrolytic cells, such as alkaline electrolytic cell, PEM electrolytic cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell, anion exchange membrane electrolytic cell.

The fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production in this embodiment is electrolytic hydrogen production in which electric power having fluctuation in output power is used as an electric power source for electrolysis. The fluctuating power can be wind power, photovoltaic power, biomass power generation or thermal power, nuclear power, hydroelectric power or other fluctuating power with peak regulation requirements.

According to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, the power load of the fluctuating power is the part of the fluctuating power which needs to be absorbed through electrolysis hydrogen production, namely the direct power output of the fluctuating power, the surplus power of the fluctuating power after the power grid dispatching requirement is subtracted, or the surplus power of the thermal power and the gas power after the peak regulation output requirement is subtracted.

In the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system, the power load characteristic curve of the fluctuating power takes the power load of the fluctuating power as a horizontal axis and the time probability of the occurrence of the power load as a vertical axis, and is a historical operation curve or a power prediction curve obtained by calculation of the fluctuating power.

The power prediction curve obtained by calculation in the embodiment is a power prediction curve obtained by calculation according to a theoretical or empirical formula.

The configuration method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps of: sequentially taking points 0, 1,2, …, n along the power from large to small on a power load curve of the fluctuating power supply; wherein, the point 0 is the minimum power value, the point n is the maximum power value, and the difference value of the power corresponding to each point and the previous point is the power capacity sequence of the electrolytic cell.

The configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system comprises the following steps of sequentially taking points along the power from large to small on a fluctuating power supply power load curve:

a, determining the position of a power maximum value point n: respectively composed of two ends of the curve and the curveAny point on the upper part is respectively perpendicular to the x axis₀₁，l₀₂，l_j(ii) a Power load curve of fluctuating power supply₀₁X axis, l_jThe enclosed area is S_j(ii) a Power load curve of fluctuating power supply₀₁X axis, l₀₂The enclosed area is S₀；

S_j＝a*S₀

Where a is the power load absorption coefficient, l_jThe point of the corresponding curve is the power maximum point n;

b, determining other point positions: respectively drawing a perpendicular line l from any point on the power maximum value point n, the power minimum value point 0 and the curve to the x axis_n、l₀、l_j(ii) a Power load curve of fluctuating power supply₀X axis, l_jThe enclosed area is S_j(ii) a Power load curve of fluctuating power supply₀X axis, l_nThe enclosed area is S_n(ii) a Wherein S_j＝j/n*S_n。

According to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system, points are sequentially taken from large to small along the power on the fluctuating power supply power load curve, and the step b is replaced by the following steps: respectively drawing a perpendicular line l from any point on the power maximum value point n, the power minimum value point 0 and the curve to the x axis_n、l₀、l_j；l₀、l_jThe length between the intersection point with the x-axis is a_j(ii) a Will l₀、l_nThe length between the intersection point with the x-axis is a_n(ii) a Wherein a is_j＝j/n*a_n。

According to the configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system, the power load absorption coefficient a is set by a user according to actual needs, and the value range is a from a to (0, 1).

The configuration method of the fluctuating electrolytic hydrogen production system meets the constraint of the power load absorption coefficient a_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) And n_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) The selection of (c) follows the principle of economic optimality.

In this embodiment, on the premise of satisfying the constraint of the power load absorption coefficient a, P is_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) And n_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) The selection of (1) follows the principle of economic optimization:

min h(P_i,n_i)，i∈[1,2,…,n]

h(P_i,n_i) The total investment of the project;

h(P_i,n_i)＝h₁(P_i,n_i)+h₂(P_i,n_i)+h₃(P_i,n_i)+h₄(P_i,n_i)

h₁(P_i,n_i) Investing in electrolytic cells

Wherein, c (p)_i) Is the price of the electrolytic cell in relation to the power capacity of the single electrolytic cell.

h₂(P_i,n_i) In order to assist in the system investment,

wherein, c' (P)_i,n_i) Is the price related to the total capacity of the electrolytic cell and the number of the electrolytic cells corresponding to the auxiliary system.

h₃(P_i,n_i) For the investment of newly added buildings and land,

wherein, cⁿ(P_i,n_i) The investment of newly added buildings and land of the electrolytic cell system converted to each set of electrolytic cell system with the same power capacity and sharing the auxiliary system is related to the number of equipment and the total capacity;

h₄(P_i,n_i) For other investments, including fixed asset other investments, intangible assets, deferred assets, etc., take h₄＝x(h₁+h₂+h₃). Wherein x is the proportionality coefficient of other investments relative to the investment of fixed assets.

The true bookIn the embodiment, P is the constraint condition of satisfying the power load absorption coefficient a_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) And n_i(i∈[1,2,…,n]) The selection of (1) follows the principle of economic optimization:

max E(P_i,n_i)，i∈[1,2,…,n]

wherein:

E(P_i,n_i) The total investment yield for fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production;

E(P_i,n_i)＝C(P_i,n_i)/h(P_i,n_i)

C(P_i,n_i) Net annual profit for the project;

h(P_i,n_i) The total investment for the project is defined as above;

C(P_i,n_i)＝C₁(P_i,n_i)+C₂(P_i,n_i)-C₃(P_i,n_i)-C₄(P_i,n_i)-C₅(P_i,n_i)-C₆(P_i,n_i)-C₇(P_i,n_i)-C₈(P_i,n_i)

C₁(P_i,n_i) Extra income brought for fluctuating power consumption, such as peak regulation income, punishment and exemption brought by avoiding over-generation and the like; c₁(P_i,n_i) M (k, E); e is the total amount of fluctuating power consumed, E ═ Sn, and k is a coefficient related to the revenue calculation method.

C₂(P_i,n_i) Additional revenue from hydrogen gas obtained for fluctuating hydrogen production, C₂(P_i,n_i) Q ═ p × Q; p is the selling price of hydrogen, Q is the annual hydrogen production, Q ═ t × E, and t is the amount of hydrogen produced per unit of electricity.

C₃(P_i,n_i) The investment of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is reduced,c₃(p_i，n_i) The depreciation of each electrolytic hydrogen production device is related to the initial investment, the fluctuating operation condition and the depreciation age limit of the device.

C₄(P_i,n_i) The investment of the auxiliary system for the electrolytic hydrogen production is depreciated,c₄(P_i，n_i) The depreciation of each auxiliary system is related to the initial investment of equipment, the fluctuating operation condition and the depreciation age limit.

C₅(P_i,n_i) For additional depreciation costs of buildings, land, etc., C₅(P_i,n_i)＝h₃(P_i,n_i) (1-r)/N; r is the residual value rate and N is the depreciation age.

C₆(P_i,n_i) In order to reduce the operation and maintenance cost of hydrogen production by electrolysis,c₆(p_i，n_i) The operation and maintenance cost of each electrolytic cell is related to the capacity of the electrolytic cell and the fluctuation operation condition; c'₆(p_i，n_i) The operating and maintenance costs for each set of auxiliary systems.

C₇(P_i,n_i) For amortization of expenses, C₇(P_i,n_i)＝h₄(P_i,n_i) (1-r)/N; r is the residual value rate and N is the amortization period.

C8(P_i,n_i) A certain proportion of depreciated cost is taken for managing cost, tax and other expenses.

The method further provides a fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the embodiment, which is configured according to an economic optimum principle and also comprises an auxiliary system which is matched with an electrolytic cell to at least complete the functions of power transformation and distribution, raw material conveying and heat exchange in the electrolytic process; the auxiliary system comprises an auxiliary frame, a rectifier transformer, a cooling water system and an alkali liquor circulating system.

The operation control method of the fluctuating electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the sequence of the power from small to large, the corresponding P is₁,P₂,…，P_nEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_nThe number of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment is {1,2, …, n₁}{1,2,…,n₂}…{1,2,…,n_n}

(2) The control system receives the fluctuating power input signal P and recognizesThe power sum closest to P:

(3) starting corresponding P according to the sequence of the power from small to large₁,P₂,…，P_jEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_jAn electrolytic hydrogen production device;

(4) calculating the residual powerAdjust to P_j+1 electrolytic hydrogen production plant.

In this embodiment, the specific method in step (4) is as follows: calculate the correspondence P_j+1 minimum number of devices m to be started in the electrolytic hydrogen production plant group, where m ═ P_R/p_j+1]-1([]Representing larger integer values); calculating residual power Pr ═ P_R-m*p_j+1(ii) a Extracting corresponding P_j+1Allowable power load factor variation range [ a, b ] of electrolytic hydrogen production plant group](ii) a Calculating k-Pr/p_j+1Comparing with a and b;

if k is less than or equal to a and k +1 is less than or equal to b:

starting the previous m-1 devices to rated power p according to the serial number sequence of the group_j+ 1; starting the mth equipment with the power of (k +1) p_j+1；

If k is less than or equal to a and k +1> b:

defining w as a positive integer, wherein w belongs to [1, m ];

calculating the minimum w of (k +1)/w ≦ b, denoted as w_min；

If (k +1)/w_min≥a：

M-w before starting according to the serial number sequence of the group_minStage apparatus to rated power p_j+ 1; starting the m-w according to the serial number sequence of the group_min+1 to the m-th equipment, with power of (k +1)/w_min*p_j+1；

If (k +1)/w_min<a：

Starting the previous m devices to rated power p according to the serial number sequence of the group_j+ 1; absorbing residual power P by using system standby energy storage equipment_r；

If k > a:

starting the previous m devices to rated power p according to the serial number sequence of the group_j+ 1; starting the (m +1) th equipment with the power of kp_j+1。

Wherein the electrolysis hydrogen production equipment with larger number is preferentially taken as the equipment which runs in a fluctuating way, so as to lead the running state of the equipment to be more balanced and aim at the corresponding P₁,P₂,…，P_nEach n of (a) to (b)₁,n₂,…，n_nNumber change time t defined by electrolytic hydrogen production equipment₁,t₂,…，t_n(ii) a When the above events are reached, the equipment number is changed according to the following rule:

for corresponding P_jIs numbered {1,2, …, n_jN of_jThe platform equipment, after the number setting is finished once, when t_jAfter the time is up, the system automatically changes the serial number to {2, …, n_j,1}. By the control method, most of the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment can work in a rated state, and the least equipment bears overload, underload or fluctuation tasks, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.