阅读说明：本技术 一种蚕丝织物染色方法及设备 (Silk fabric dyeing method and equipment ) 是由 吴振华 程文青 罗雨霓 王际平 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及纺织品染整技术领域,特别是涉及一种蚕丝织物染色方法及设备。该方法包括：将含有活性染料的第一染液浸轧到蚕丝织物上；在固色箱中,使用非水固色介质,对浸轧有第一染液的蚕丝织物进行固色；且在进行固色的期间,将所述蚕丝织物的布面张力维持在1kg-100kg之间；对所述固色后的蚕丝织物进行洗涤和脱液,以完成染色。(The invention relates to the technical field of textile dyeing and finishing, in particular to a silk fabric dyeing method and silk fabric dyeing equipment. The method comprises the following steps: padding a first dye solution containing a reactive dye on the silk fabric; fixing the color of the silk fabric padded with the first dye solution in a color fixing box by using a non-aqueous color fixing medium; and during the fixation period, the cloth cover tension of the silk fabric is maintained between 1kg and 100 kg; and washing and removing the liquid from the silk fabric after color fixation to finish dyeing.)

1. A silk fabric dyeing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

padding a first dye solution containing a reactive dye on the silk fabric;

fixing the color of the silk fabric padded with the first dye solution in a color fixing box by using a non-aqueous color fixing medium; and during the fixation period, the cloth cover tension of the silk fabric is maintained between 1kg and 100 kg;

and washing and removing the liquid from the silk fabric after color fixation to finish dyeing.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the silk fabric is 100% silk fabric, and the cloth cover tension of the 100% silk fabric is maintained at 1kg during the fixation;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the silk fabric is a fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool, and the cloth cover tension of the fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool is maintained at 1.2kg during the color fixation.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the padding of the first dye liquor containing reactive dyes onto silk fabric comprises:

the first dye liquor is padded onto the silk fabric using a uniformity mangle with a pressure set to 0.05-0.3 MPa.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the non-aqueous fixing medium is incompatible with water and has a viscosity of less than 200mm²The surface tension is 15-40 dyn/cm, and the boiling point is 100-400 ℃.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fixation chamber is maintained at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 130 ℃ during the fixation; the residence time of the silk fabric in the fixation box (3) is 30s to 180 s.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the silk fabric is 100% silk fabric, the temperature of the fixation box is maintained at 95 ℃ during fixation, and the residence time of the 100% silk fabric in the fixation box is 180S;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the silk fabric is the fabric that contains 95% silk, 5% wool, in the period of carrying out the fixation, maintains the temperature of fixation case is 90 ℃, just the dwell time of the fabric that contains 95% silk, 5% wool in the fixation case is 60S.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fixation box comprises in particular at least two fixation boxes in tandem; during the fixation, the temperature of the different fixation boxes in at least two fixation boxes is different, and the temperature according to the order rises in proper order around the fixation box in at least two fixation boxes.

8. A tie-dyeing apparatus for dyeing silk fabrics, comprising:

the cloth feeding device (1) is used for receiving and flattening silk fabrics to be dyed;

the dyeing device (2) is used for receiving the silk fabric conveyed by the cloth feeding device (1) and padding the silk fabric by using a first dye solution containing reactive dyes;

the color fixing box (3) is used for fixing the color of the silk fabric padded with the first dye solution by using a non-aqueous color fixing medium;

and the washing device (5) is used for washing and draining the silk fabric after fixation so as to complete dyeing.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the fixation box (3) has a plurality of cloth guide rolls arranged alternately one above the other; wherein, a plurality of fabric guide rollers are drive rollers which are driven by a motor and the rotating speed of which is controllable.

10. The plant according to claim 8, characterized in that the fixation tank (3) comprises in particular at least two fixation tanks in tandem; during the fixation, the temperature of the different fixation boxes in at least two fixation boxes is different, and the temperature according to the order rises in proper order around the fixation box in at least two fixation boxes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of textile dyeing and finishing, in particular to a silk fabric dyeing method and silk fabric dyeing equipment.

Background

In the current solutions, when silk is dyed with reactive dyes, a high color fastness is achieved, which needs to be done under alkaline conditions, and a large amount of accelerating agents (salt or anhydrous sodium sulphate) needs to be added to promote the adsorption of the dye on the fiber. During silk dyeing, the addition of a large amount of alkali and an accelerating agent accelerates the hydrolysis of the dye, so that the utilization rate of the dye is reduced; and also leads to the hydrolysis of peptide bonds of the silk, thus leading to poor color fastness and serious silk damage, and seriously influencing the dyeing performance of the silk fabric.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for dyeing silk fabrics, which can improve the dye utilization and eliminate the layer difference and migration phenomenon in the conventional dyeing process.

To achieve the above and other related objects, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a silk fabric dyeing method, comprising the steps of:

padding a first dye solution containing a reactive dye on the silk fabric;

fixing the color of the silk fabric padded with the first dye solution in a color fixing box by using a non-aqueous color fixing medium; and during the fixation period, the cloth cover tension of the silk fabric is maintained between 1kg and 100 kg;

and washing and removing the liquid from the silk fabric after color fixation to finish dyeing.

In some embodiments, the silk fabric is 100% silk fabric, and the cloth cover tension of the 100% silk fabric is maintained at 1kg during the fixation; or the silk fabric is a fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool, and the cloth cover tension of the fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool is maintained at 1.2kg during the fixation period.

In some embodiments, the padding of the first dye liquor containing reactive dyes onto silk fabric comprises: the first dye liquor is padded onto the silk fabric using a uniformity mangle with a pressure set to 0.05-0.3 MPa.

In some embodimentsSaid non-aqueous fixing medium being incompatible with water and having a viscosity of less than 200mm²The surface tension is 15-40 dyn/cm, and the boiling point is 100-400 ℃.

In some embodiments, the fixation chamber is maintained at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 130 ℃ during fixation; the residence time of the silk fabric in the fixation box (3) is 30s to 180 s.

In one example of this embodiment, the silk fabric is 100% silk fabric, the temperature of the fixation tank is maintained at 95 ℃ during fixation, and the residence time of the 100% silk fabric in the fixation tank is 180S; or, the silk fabric is the fabric that contains 95% silk, 5% wool, and in the period of carrying out the fixation, the temperature of maintaining the fixation case is 90 ℃, just the dwell time of the fabric that contains 95% silk, 5% wool in the fixation case is 60S.

In some embodiments, the fixation box comprises at least two fixation boxes connected in series; during the fixation, the temperature of the different fixation boxes in at least two fixation boxes is different, and the temperature according to the order rises in proper order around the fixation box in at least two fixation boxes.

In some embodiments, the fixation chambers comprise at least one fixation chamber in which the temperatures of different fixation chambers are the same.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tie-dyeing apparatus for dyeing silk fabrics, comprising:

the cloth feeding device is used for receiving and flattening the silk fabric to be dyed;

the dyeing device is used for receiving the silk fabric conveyed by the cloth feeding device and padding the silk fabric by using a first dye solution containing reactive dyes;

the color fixing box is used for fixing the color of the silk fabric padded with the first dye solution by using a non-aqueous color fixing medium;

and the washing device is used for washing and draining the silk fabric after fixation so as to finish dyeing.

In some embodiments, the fixing box has a plurality of cloth guide rollers arranged alternately up and down; wherein, a plurality of fabric guide rollers are drive rollers which are driven by a motor and the rotating speed of which is controllable.

In some embodiments, the fixation box comprises at least two fixation boxes connected in series; during the fixation, the temperature of the different fixation boxes in at least two fixation boxes is different, and the temperature according to the order rises in proper order around the fixation box in at least two fixation boxes.

In some embodiments, the fixation chambers comprise at least one fixation chamber in which the temperatures of different fixation chambers are the same.

The silk fabric dyeing method and the silk fabric dyeing equipment provided by the invention can reduce the usage amount of alkali in the dyeing process and eliminate the accelerating agent (i.e. no accelerating agent is added), thereby reducing the damage to silk fibers in the dyeing process, improving the dye utilization rate, eliminating the phenomena of layer difference and migration in the traditional dyeing process, improving the dyeing production efficiency and reducing the production cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous tie-dyeing apparatus;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing box in the continuous tie-dyeing equipment shown in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure is not limited to the technical essence, and any structural modifications, ratio changes, or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

In one scheme, a jig dyeing machine is used for dyeing the silk fabric in a dip dyeing mode. This scheme dyeing time is long, increases silk fibre's damage, produces the interior outer layer difference easily simultaneously, and production efficiency is low, and the dyeing cost is high. Meanwhile, during dyeing, a large amount of salt (accelerating agent) and alkali are added, so that silk is seriously damaged, the difference between an inner layer and an outer layer is easily generated, the production efficiency is low, and the dyeing cost is high.

In another arrangement, a pad dyeing machine is used to dye the silk fabric. In this scheme, the dyeing time is short, and production efficiency is high, can effectual solution dyeing homogeneity and cost problem, but current pad dyeing method is relatively poor to silk fabric's adaptability, and the dye often appears among the drying process and migrates to the fibre surface migration from the fibre inside along with the evaporation of moisture and the phenomenon that results in dyeing inhomogeneous appears, need add a large amount of salt and alkali in the dyeing process simultaneously in order to promote the reaction between fibre and the reactive dye to improve the color fastness.

The embodiment of the invention provides a silk fabric dyeing method and silk fabric dyeing equipment, which can reduce the use amount of alkali in the dyeing process and eliminate an accelerating agent (namely, the accelerating agent is not added). Thereby reducing the damage of the silk fiber in the dyeing process and improving the utilization rate of the dye. And the phenomena of layer difference and migration in the traditional dyeing process can be eliminated, the dyeing production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Next, a method and an apparatus for dyeing silk fabric according to embodiments of the present invention will be described.

Example 1

This example provides a continuous tie-dyeing apparatus that can be used to carry out the silk fabric dyeing process. Referring to fig. 1, the continuous tie-dyeing apparatus includes a cloth feeding device 1, a dyeing device 2, a color fixing box 3, a re-rolling device 4, a washing device 5, a cloth discharging device 6, and the like, which are connected in sequence.

Wherein the cloth feeding device 1 is used for receiving and flattening silk fabrics to be dyed and feeding the silk fabrics into the dyeing device 2. The dyeing device 2 can pad silk fabrics. Wherein, dyeing apparatus 2 can be provided with the evenness calender for carry out the padding to silk fabric. Specifically, a dye solution for dyeing silk fabric may be prepared in advance and added to a vat of a padder. Wherein the content of the reactive dye in the dye liquor is 0.1 g/l-100 g/l, and the content of the alkali is 0.1 g/l-20 g/l.

The cloth feeding device 1 can be provided with a cloth feeding frame which has a function of neutralizing and spreading cloth. The cloth feeding stand allows the silk fabric to be fed into the evenness calender in the dyeing device 2 even and without wrinkles. The uniformity padder can pad the silk fabric. Illustratively, the homogeneous padder ground pressure may be set between 0.05MPa and 0.3 MPa.

In one example, the padded fabric is preheated to prevent dye migration and uneven dyeing due to sudden temperature rise.

The padded silk fabric can be fed into a fixation box 3 for fixation. Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of cloth guide rolls 32 for conveying a silk fabric 33 are provided in the fixing box 3. As shown in fig. 2, the plurality of cloth guide rollers are alternately arranged up and down. Thereby, the silk fabric can be transferred by the cloth guide roll 32 into the fixation housing 3.

The cloth guide roller 32 is a driving roller driven by a motor and having a controllable rotation speed. Because fabric guide roll 32 initiatively rotates and drives the cloth conveying, compare with passive roller, can reduce the frictional force between silk fabric and the fabric guide roll to reduce the scotch of cloth cover and produce the flaw.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, in order to further prevent the silk fabric in the fixation stage from wrinkling during the transfer, a tension sensor 31 is provided in the fixation box 3, which can be used to detect the cloth surface tension of the silk fabric 33 transferred by the cloth guide roller 32, and send the detection result to a control device (not shown). The control device can control the rotating speed of the cloth guide roller 32 according to the detection result, so that the cloth surface tension of the silk fabric 33 is kept and maintained within a preset range. Wherein, the cloth surface tension of the silk fabric 33 can be maintained between 1kg and 100kg, thereby preventing the cloth from curling due to too high tension, or preventing dyeing defects such as wrinkles, wicker marks and the like due to too low tension.

Wherein the fixation tank 3 contains a liquid fixation medium which is an organic reagent incompatible with water and has the physical properties of low viscosity, low surface tension, high boiling point. In particular, the viscosity of the fixing medium is generally less than 200mm²The surface tension is 15 to 40dyn/cm, and the boiling point is 100 to 400 ℃. In one example, the fixing medium may specifically be a siloxane. In one example, the fixing medium may be decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. In another example, the fixation medium may be paraffin. In yet another example, the fixation medium may be a vegetable oil. In one example, the fixing medium may include one or more of decacyclopentasiloxane, paraffin, vegetable oil.

The silk fabric stays in the color fixing box 3 for 30-180 s, and the temperature in the color fixing box 3 is maintained at 50-130 ℃. The color fixing time and temperature can effectively realize fiber glass fiber, improve the dye uptake, and simultaneously prevent the fiber from being excessively heated to cause damage.

In an example, three color fixing boxes 3 connected in tandem can be arranged to fix colors at different temperatures or gradually change the temperature of silk fabrics, (for example, the temperature of the first color fixing box is 80 ℃, the temperature of the second color fixing box is 90 ℃, and the temperature of the third color fixing box is 100 ℃), so that the color fixing effect is improved, the migration is reduced, and the situation that the temperature of a low-temperature cloth surface is too fast after entering the color fixing boxes is avoided.

The fixed silk fabric can be transferred to a re-rolling device 4 for re-rolling. The rerolling device 4 may, for example, comprise a two-roll rerouting car or a three-roll rerouting car. And redundant color fixing media on the silk fabric can be rolled off by a double-roller heavy padder or a three-roller heavy padder. The rerolling device 4 may also comprise a liquid tank, for example. The liquid tank is used for recovering the color fixing medium rolled off from the silk fabric

The silk fabric is re-rolled and then transferred to a washing apparatus 5 for washing. The washing apparatus may consist of 3-10 sets of washing units 51 in series arrangement. The washing process of each set of washing units 51 includes warm water washing, soaping, hot water washing, and the like. And a tension sensor can be arranged in each group of washing units to ensure that the cloth surface is smooth and does not wrinkle in the washing process. Meanwhile, each group of washing units can be additionally provided with a circulating showering system with a temperature control function, the temperature of washing water can be controlled to be 20-100 ℃, circulating showering can achieve the purposes of circulating water and reducing sewage discharge and water consumption.

After any washing procedure of warm water washing, soaping, hot water washing and the like is completed, the silk fabric needs to be rolled by a padder to remove redundant water, and then enters the next washing procedure.

Referring to fig. 1, a rolling mill 52 is disposed between two adjacent washing units 51. The rolling mill 52 may roll the silk fabric output from the previous washing unit 51 to remove excess moisture from the silk fabric.

A rerolling device 53 is arranged in the washing device 5 between the last washing unit and the cloth discharge device 6. Wherein the heavy rolling device 53 is composed of a double-roll heavy padder or a three-roll heavy padder. Therefore, after the silk fabric is washed, the silk fabric can be rolled again through the rolling device 53, and water absorbed in the silk fabric is rolled off, so that the dyed silk fabric is obtained.

The cloth discharging device 6 may be a cloth discharging rack.

The continuous tie-dyeing equipment provided by the embodiment 1 can be used for dyeing silk fabrics such as 100% silk fabrics and high-content silk fabrics. Wherein, the dyeing can adopt reactive dyes. The reactive dye comprises one or more of reactive black KN-GZRC, reactive black EF-ZBG, reactive black EF-ZBR, X type reactive dye, K type reactive dye, KN type reactive dye, M type reactive dye, ME type reactive dye, KE type reactive dye and the like. The process can be a one-dipping one-rolling process or a two-dipping two-rolling process.

Next, in the specific embodiment, the method for dyeing silk fabric provided by the present invention will be described by way of example.

Example 2

Dyeing the object: 100% of silk fabric.

An aqueous solution containing active black G with a concentration of 60G/L and sodium carbonate with a concentration of 8G/L was prepared as a dye solution.

The dye liquor is added into a material tank of the dyeing device 2 through an automatic feeding system. The operation parameters of the continuous tie-dyeing equipment are set, including the cloth feeding speed of the cloth feeding device 1, the rotating speed of the cloth guide roller 32, the temperature in the color fixing box 3, the target cloth surface tension and the like. Wherein the temperature of the color fixing box is set to be 95 ℃. The target cloth cover tension is set to be 1 kg. The cloth feeding speed of the cloth feeding device 1 and the rotating speed of the cloth guide roller 32 are set so that the residence time of the 100% silk fabric in the fixation box 3 is 180s and the cloth surface tension of the 100% silk fabric is maintained at 1 kg.

The continuous tie-dyeing equipment is started, so that 100% of silk fabric is sequentially subjected to padding treatment of the cloth feeding device 1 and the dyeing device 2, color fixation treatment of the color fixation box 3 and washing treatment of the washing device 5, and then is discharged through the cloth discharging device 6, and dyeing is completed. Wherein, in the washing device 5, the 100% silk fabric is washed three times.

For convenience of description, the dyed 100% silk fabric is referred to as a finished cloth.

And testing the main fastness of the finished cloth according to the national standard GB T3921-2008 and the national standard GB T3920-2008. The test results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

Fastness to soaping	Color fastness	Fastness to dry rubbing	Fastness to wet rubbing
				4-5 stages	4-5 stages	Grade 5	4-5 stages

In addition, through detection, the level-dyeing property of the cloth can meet the requirements of customers without migration and lateral color difference. The strength of the dyed fabric is not different from that of the grey fabric. The hand feeling of the fabric can meet the requirements of customers after being qualitative.

Example 3

Dyeing the object: a fabric containing 95% silk and 5% wool.

An aqueous solution containing active black G with a concentration of 20G/L and sodium carbonate with a concentration of 5G/L was prepared as a dye solution.

The dye liquor is added into a material tank of the dyeing device 2 through an automatic feeding system. The operation parameters of the continuous tie-dyeing equipment are set, including the cloth feeding speed of the cloth feeding device 1, the rotating speed of the cloth guide roller 32, the temperature in the color fixing box 3, the target cloth surface tension and the like. Wherein the temperature of the color fixing box is set to be 90 ℃. The target cloth cover tension is set to be 1.2 kg. The cloth feeding speed of the cloth feeding device 1 and the rotating speed of the cloth guide roller 32 are set so that the retention time of the fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool in the color fixing box 3 is 60s, and the cloth cover tension of the fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool is maintained at 1.2 kg.

The continuous tie-dyeing equipment is started, so that the fabric containing 95% of silk and 5% of wool is sequentially subjected to padding treatment of the cloth feeding device 1 and the dyeing device 2, color fixing treatment of the color fixing box 3 and washing treatment of the washing device 5, and then is discharged through the cloth discharging device 6, and dyeing is completed. In the washing device 5, fabrics containing 95% silk and 5% wool were washed three times.

For convenience of description, the dyed fabric containing 95% silk and 5% wool is referred to as a finished fabric.

And testing the main fastness of the finished cloth according to the national standard GB T3921-2008 and the national standard GB T3920-2008. The test results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

Fastness to soaping	Color fastness	Fastness to dry rubbing	Fastness to wet rubbing
				4-5 stages	4-5 stages	Grade 5	4-5 stages

In addition, through detection, the level-dyeing property of the cloth can meet the requirements of customers without migration and lateral color difference. The strength of the dyed fabric is not different from that of the grey fabric. The hand feeling of the fabric can meet the requirements of customers after being qualitative.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the non-aqueous color fixing medium is used for fixing the color of the fabric, the dyeing-added accelerating agent is eliminated, the alkali consumption for dyeing is reduced, the damage to the fiber is reduced, and the utilization rate of the dye is improved. The continuous pad dyeing equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention eliminates the phenomena of layer difference and migration in the traditional dyeing process, improves the dyeing production efficiency and reduces the production cost.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.