阅读说明：本技术 一种超导磁体励磁电极冷却绝缘装置 (Superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device ) 是由 董振斌 高而震 刘向军 宗磊 马启元 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种超导磁体励磁电极冷却绝缘装置,包括无氧铜导冷容器,以及贯穿地连接无氧铜导冷容器的电极,其中：无氧铜导冷容器内设中空腔体以贮存惰性气体,一端设置冷端连接部以连接冷头冷端,另一端设置热端以连接磁体冷屏,设置电极贯穿口一和电极贯穿口二供给电极连接使用；电极贯穿口一内设绝缘密封件一绝缘密封；电极贯穿口上端与电极连接部位布置贮液缝以贮存固态惰性气体或液态惰性气体,贯穿口下端内设置绝缘密封件二。本发明的超导磁体励磁电极冷却绝缘装置,保证了超导磁体在整个励磁过程具有足够的冷却量,还保证具有较好的绝缘性能,可以更好地保证超导磁体在工作前、工作过程以及工作后的整个制冷以及安全性能。(The invention discloses a superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device, which comprises an oxygen-free copper cold conduction container and an electrode which is connected with the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container in a penetrating way, wherein: the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is internally provided with a hollow cavity for storing inert gas, one end of the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is provided with a cold end connecting part for connecting a cold end of a cold head, the other end of the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is provided with a hot end for connecting a cold shield of a magnet, and an electrode through hole I and an electrode through hole II are arranged for connecting electrodes; an insulating sealing element is arranged in the first electrode penetrating opening for insulating sealing; liquid storage seams are arranged at the connecting parts of the upper ends of the electrode through holes and the electrodes to store solid inert gas or liquid inert gas, and insulating sealing pieces II are arranged at the lower ends of the through holes. The superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device ensures that the superconducting magnet has enough cooling capacity in the whole excitation process and better insulating property, and can better ensure the whole refrigeration and safety performance of the superconducting magnet before, during and after work.)

1. A superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device is characterized in that: including oxygen-free copper lead cold container (2) to and connect electrode (5) of oxygen-free copper lead cold container (2) throughout, wherein:

the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container (2) is internally provided with a hollow cavity (26) for storing inert gas, one end of the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is provided with a cold end connecting part (21) for connecting a cold end of a cold head, the other end of the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is provided with a hot end (22) for connecting a magnet cold shield so as to release heat for the magnet cold shield, and an electrode through hole I (23) and an electrode through hole II (24) are arranged for connecting the electrodes (5);

an insulating sealing piece I (1) is arranged in the electrode penetrating opening I (23) for insulating and sealing;

and a second electrode through hole (24) is arranged into an inverted T-shaped structure, a liquid storage seam (241) is arranged at the connecting part of the upper end and the electrode to store solid inert gas or liquid inert gas, and an insulating sealing piece (3) is arranged in the lower end (242) of the through hole.

2. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the electrode (5) is an oxygen-free copper superconducting composite electrode.

3. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation device according to claim 2, wherein: the cross section of the electrode (5) is circular.

4. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid storing seam (241) is one of a slit, a wedge-shaped seam and a step seam.

5. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation device according to claim 4, wherein: the width of the liquid storage seam (241) is 1-3% of the width of the hollow cavity (26), and the height is not less than 15 mm.

6. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the inert gas in the hollow cavity (26) of the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container (2) is one or a mixture of a plurality of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon.

7. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation arrangement according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the state and proportion of three phases of gas, liquid and solid of the inert gas in the hollow cavity (26) are determined according to the state of the electrode temperature, and the electrode temperature is changed along with the excitation current of the superconductor.

8. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation device according to claim 1, wherein: the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container (2) is also provided with a gas injection port (25), and the gas injection port (25) is connected with the safety valve (4).

9. A superconducting magnet exciter electrode cooling insulation arrangement according to claim 1 or 8, wherein: when the temperature zone at the 4K end needs to be controlled to be in the 77K temperature zone, the liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid storage seam (241) of the hollow cavity (26) provides extra cold.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cooling and insulating devices, in particular to a superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device.

Background

The conventional insulating material has low heat conductivity coefficient, cannot meet the cold conduction requirement under a smaller contact area, and is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the magnet. Especially, in the process of excitation of the superconducting magnet, sufficient cold refrigeration needs to be ensured for the 4K end of the excitation coil, and sufficient insulativity needs to be ensured for the electrode end, so that the electrode has sufficient cold refrigeration during excitation of the superconducting magnet, joule heat generated by the electrode at the 4K end and electrode heat leakage can be timely cooled, and meanwhile, the electrode needs to be ensured to have good insulation effect.

In the magnetic working process of the existing superconductor, the phenomenon of magnet overheating often occurs, so that shutdown maintenance is required.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an electrode cooling device which cools the joule heat generated by the electrode and the electrode heat leakage when the magnet is excited so as to ensure that the temperature of the lower end of the magnet electrode is 4K and protect the insulation of the electrode and the magnet cooling part to have better insulation performance.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device comprises an oxygen-free copper cold conduction container and an electrode penetratingly connected with the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container, wherein:

the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is internally provided with a hollow cavity for storing inert gas, one end of the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is provided with a cold end connecting part for connecting a cold end of a cold head, the other end of the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container is provided with a hot end for connecting a magnet cold shield so as to release heat for the magnet cold shield, and an electrode through hole I and an electrode through hole II are arranged for connecting electrodes;

an insulating sealing element is arranged in the first electrode penetrating opening for insulating sealing;

and a second electrode through hole is arranged in an inverted T-shaped structure, a liquid storage seam is arranged at the connecting part of the upper end and the electrode to store solid inert gas or liquid inert gas, and an insulating sealing piece is arranged in the lower end of the through hole.

Further, the electrode is an oxygen-free copper superconducting composite electrode.

Further, the cross section of the electrode is circular.

Further, the liquid storage slit is one of a slit, a wedge slit and a step slit.

Further, the width of the liquid storage seam is 1-3% of the width of the hollow cavity, and the height of the liquid storage seam is not less than 15 mm.

Further, the inert gas in the hollow cavity of the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container is one or a mixture of a plurality of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon.

Further, the state and proportion of the gas phase, the liquid phase and the solid phase of the inert gas in the hollow cavity are determined according to the state of the electrode temperature, and the electrode temperature changes along with the superconductor exciting current.

Furthermore, the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container is also provided with a gas injection port which is connected with a safety valve so as to provide gas injection and normal-temperature pressure reduction protection, and the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container has the advantage that inert gas can be injected into, added into or properly discharged from the hollow cavity of the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container by using the safety valve and the gas injection port as required so as to better ensure the cooling and insulating properties of the electrode cooling and insulating device.

Further, when the temperature zone at the 4K end needs to be controlled to be at the 77K temperature zone, the liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid storage seam of the hollow cavity provides extra cold.

The working principle of the superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device is as follows:

under the condition that the electrode of the superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device is electrified, solid inert gas in a liquid storage seam of the cavity is melted into liquid after the magnet is cooled before excitation, so that the cold conducting capacity is greatly improved, the temperature of the electrode in the cavity is finally reduced to a balance point, namely the temperature is close to the melting point of the inert gas, for joule heat generated by the magnet excitation cooling electrode and electrode heat leakage.

The insulating property of the electrode depends on the basic insulation of the insulating sealing element and the insulating property of the used inert gas, and the requirement of a superconducting magnet can be completely met.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device ensures that the temperature of the lower end of the superconducting magnet electrode is not increased at 4K, and simultaneously ensures that the electrode and the magnet cooling part can reach the insulation standard. Namely, the superconducting magnet has good insulating property and great refrigerating property, can completely meet the requirement of joule heat generated by cooling the electrode during excitation of the superconducting magnet and the leakage heat of the electrode, and the temperature of the lower end of the electrode of the superconducting magnet is not increased at 4K.

In addition, the superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device ensures that the temperature of the lower end of the superconducting magnet electrode can also have a better cooling effect when the temperature is 4K, and simultaneously the protective electrode and the magnet cooling part can be insulated all the time.

In conclusion, the superconducting magnet excitation electrode cooling and insulating device not only ensures that the superconducting magnet has enough cooling capacity before excitation, during excitation and after excitation, but also ensures that the superconducting magnet has better insulating property, and can better ensure the whole refrigeration and safety performance of the superconducting magnet before, during and after work.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a superconducting magnet exciter cooling and insulating device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a superconducting magnet exciter cooling insulation device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an oxygen-free copper cold conduction container 2;

wherein: 1-insulating sealing element I, 2-oxygen-free copper cold conduction container, 21-cold end connecting part, 22-hot end, 23-electrode through hole I, 24-electrode through hole II, 241-liquid storage seam, 242-through hole lower end; 25-gas injection port, 26-hollow cavity; 3-insulating sealing element two, 4-safety valve, 5-electrode.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the combination or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description process of the embodiment of the present invention, the positional relationships of the devices such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like in all the drawings are based on fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, a superconducting magnet exciting electrode cooling and insulating device comprises an oxygen-free copper cold conduction container 2 and an electrode 5 connected with the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container 2 in a penetrating way, wherein:

as shown in fig. 3, the oxygen-free copper cold conduction container 2 is provided with a hollow cavity 26 for storing inert gas, a cold end connecting part 21 for connecting with a cold end of a cold head is arranged at one end, a hot end 22 for connecting with a cold shield of a magnet so as to release heat for the cold shield of the magnet is arranged at the other end, and an electrode through hole one 23 and an electrode through hole two 24 are arranged for connecting with the electrode 5;

an insulation sealing piece I1 is arranged in the electrode penetrating opening I23 for insulation sealing;

and a second electrode through hole 24 with an inverted T-shaped structure, wherein a liquid storage slit 241 is arranged at the connection part of the upper end and the electrode to store solid inert gas or liquid inert gas, and an insulating sealing member two 3 is arranged in the lower end 242 of the through hole.

More preferably, the electrode 5 is an oxygen-free copper superconducting composite electrode, is mainly suitable for a liquid helium-free high-temperature and low-temperature superconducting magnet, and can provide insulating cooling in a range of 4K-300K when the electrode is electrified. Preferably, the cross-section of the electrode 5 is circular, which has the advantage of facilitating sealing and insulation and of being easy to manufacture.

In a more preferred embodiment, the liquid reservoir 241 of the electrode cooling insulator is one of a slit, a wedge slit or a step slit, and is not limited to a slit with a constant thickness, and the height is selected according to the electrode current so as to ensure that the solid inert gas or the liquid inert gas can be stored therein. Preferably, the width of the liquid storage slit 241 is 1-3% of the width of the hollow cavity 26, and the height is not less than 15mm, so that the liquid storage slit can store a certain amount of solid inert gas or liquid inert gas, and the superconducting magnet electrode can be cooled for use.

The inert gas in the hollow cavity 26 of the oxygen-free copper cold conducting container 2 of the electrode cooling insulation device is one or a mixture of a plurality of nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon, and is determined according to the use temperature and the liquefaction temperature of the inert gas during specific use. The state and proportion of the gas phase, the liquid phase and the solid phase of the inert gas in the hollow cavity 26 are determined according to the temperature state of the electrode, joule heat is generated when current flows through the electrode to melt the solid inert gas in the hollow cavity 26 into liquid, the cold energy of the cold end is conducted to the electrode due to the large heat conductivity coefficient of the liquid and is maintained at the melting point temperature of the inert gas, the state and proportion of the gas phase, the solid phase and the liquid phase of the inert gas are changed according to the current, the specific selection is selected according to the liquefaction temperature, the solidification temperature and the like of the inert gas, and the appropriate inert gas and proportion of the inert gas are selected to be the appropriate refrigeration temperature for use. When the superconducting magnet is excited, the current is changed, the temperature is increased when the current is increased, the solid is melted into liquid when the current exceeds the melting point, large cold conduction is provided, and the temperature is reduced until the temperature is balanced.

As shown in figure 2, the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container 2 of the electrode cooling and insulating device is also provided with a gas injection port 25, the gas injection port 25 is connected with the safety valve 4, and further gas injection and normal-temperature pressure reduction protection are provided, so that the safety valve and the gas injection port can be used for injecting, adding or properly discharging inert gas into the hollow cavity of the oxygen-free copper cold-conducting container 2 as required, so as to better ensure the cooling and insulating properties of the electrode cooling and insulating device. In a more preferable embodiment, when the temperature zone at the 4K end needs to be controlled to be at the 77K temperature zone, the liquid nitrogen stored in the liquid storage seam 241 of the hollow cavity 26 provides extra cold energy, and has a better refrigeration effect on the excitation of the superconducting magnet.

The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as the preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make various extensions and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.