阅读说明：本技术 一种在线水轮机效率试验方法 (Online water turbine efficiency test method ) 是由 谌洪江 许永强 李林伟 姚本培 陈国锋 孔祥坤 张恒 刘军 杨科帆 蒋金宏 王杨 于 2021-06-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种在线水轮机效率试验方法,属于水电技术领域,该方法为：基于水电机组在线监测系统实现水轮发电机组的运行状态和相应运行工况参数、实测数据的读取、存储,然后对读取的数据先后判定是否为发电状态及稳定工况下数据,对筛选后的数据进行处理、计算及分析,以此完成水轮机效率试验。该方法避免了开展现地试验的不足,保证了机组的安全稳定运行,提高了工作效率和经济效益。(The invention discloses an on-line water turbine efficiency test method, which belongs to the technical field of hydropower and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of reading and storing the running state, corresponding running condition parameters and measured data of the hydroelectric generating set based on an online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, then judging whether the read data are data in a power generation state and a stable condition in sequence, and processing, calculating and analyzing the screened data so as to finish a hydraulic turbine efficiency test. The method avoids the defect of carrying out the on-site test, ensures the safe and stable operation of the unit, and improves the working efficiency and the economic benefit.)

1. An on-line water turbine efficiency test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: reading real-time operation data of the hydroelectric generating set based on an online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, acquiring the operation state of the hydroelectric generating set, corresponding operation condition parameters and actual measurement data, and providing basic information for an efficiency test;

step two: dividing the read data and storing the data by setting a power factor, the unit active power, the upstream water level and the downstream water level, and returning to the first step to continue or read the data again when the test conditions are not met;

step three: and D, judging whether the data in the step two are under the stable working condition, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:

in the formula, P_{Setting up}The unit is active and is manually set during data screening, t is continuous time, P_tThe unit has active power at the moment t;

step four: and (3) carrying out related test parameter calculation on the original test data in the third step, wherein the related test parameter calculation comprises the following technical parameters:

(1) working head calculation

According to the read volute inlet section pressure and the read downstream water level, calculating the working water head of the water turbine according to the following formula:

in the formula: z₁、P₁-volute inlet pressure transmitter installation elevation (m) and pressure value (kPa);

Z₂、P₂-installation elevation (m) and pressure value (kPa) of the tail water outlet pressure transmitter;

gamma-volume weight of water (kN/m)³)；

Q-flow (m)³/s)；

A₁Volute inlet cross-sectional area (m)³)；

A₂Cross-sectional area of tail water outlet (m)³)；

g-acceleration of gravity (m/s)²)；

(2) Hydraulic turbine efficiency calculation

In the formula: ng-units active (kW);

η_u-unit efficiency (%);

q-flow (m)³/s)；

η_t＝η_u/η_g

In the formula: eta_t-turbine efficiency (%);

η_g-generator efficiency (%);

η_{g can}Consulting according to a generator efficiency curve graph provided by an equipment manufacturer;

(3) operating parameter conversion

When the same water head efficiency test is carried out, conversion is carried out according to the unchanged efficiency:

in the formula: q' -flow (m) converted to mean operating head³/s)；

N_g' -converting the unit output (kW) to the average operating head;

H_nav-average working head (m);

(4) water consumption rate calculation of unit

Wherein: q-water consumption rate of unit (m)³/kW·h)；

Step five: and drawing a water turbine efficiency test curve and a water consumption rate curve, and generating a test report.

2. The on-line turbine efficiency testing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the operation state includes: generating state, no-load state, idle state and shutdown state; the operation condition parameter actual measurement data comprises the following steps: the running time, the unit active power, the upstream and downstream water levels, the guide vane opening, the flow, the volute inlet section pressure and the power factor.

3. The on-line water turbine efficiency test method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the second step, the read data is divided by setting power factor, unit active power, upstream and downstream water levels, and the power factor, the unit active power, the upstream and downstream water levels must simultaneously satisfy the following conditions:

wherein t1 is continuous time, P_{Setting up}Active for manually set units in screening data, H_{Setting up}For manually setting upstream and downstream water levels, H, during data screening_tA is the set power factor for water levels upstream and downstream of the time.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an on-line water turbine efficiency test method, and belongs to the technical field of hydropower.

Background

The hydroelectric generating set performance test mainly comprises a model test and a prototype test: the model test has the advantages of high precision, low cost, easy operation of working condition change, no limitation of production and natural conditions and the like, and is widely applied to the design process of the hydroelectric generating set; because of the influence of the manufacturing, installation level, actual operation and the like of the real machine, certain difference necessarily exists in the performances of the real machine and the model unit, so that the performance of the real machine cannot be comprehensively and truly reflected by the result of the model test. Therefore, only a true machine test (prototype test) can be taken to solve the actual performance of the plant.

At present, a local test mode is still adopted in the related performance test of the hydroelectric generating set, most hydroelectric generating plants are far away, the traffic is inconvenient, the local test work efficiency is not high, the travel manpower, time and test cost are high, and the installation of local test equipment also has potential safety hazards.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an online water turbine efficiency test method, which is used for reading, processing and analyzing the running state, corresponding running condition parameters and measured data of a hydroelectric generating set based on an online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set so as to finish a water turbine efficiency test. The method avoids the power plant applying corresponding load to the power grid, does not influence the power generation of the power plant, and does not need the unit to stop, install and disassemble the test equipment. The defect of carrying out the on-site test is avoided, the safe and stable operation of the unit is ensured, and the working efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: an on-line water turbine efficiency test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: reading real-time operation data of the hydroelectric generating set based on an online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, acquiring the operation state of the hydroelectric generating set, corresponding operation condition parameters and actual measurement data, and providing basic information for an efficiency test; the operation state comprises the following steps: generating state, no-load state, idle state and shutdown state; the operation condition parameter actual measurement data comprises the following steps: the running time, the unit active power, the upstream and downstream water levels, the guide vane opening, the flow, the volute inlet section pressure, the power factor and the like.

Step two: dividing the read data by setting power factors, unit active power, upstream and downstream water levels:

the read data are divided by setting power factors, unit active power, upstream and downstream water levels, and the power factors, the unit active power, the upstream and downstream water levels can be divided by simultaneously meeting the following conditions:

wherein t1 is continuous time, P_{Setting up}Active for manually set units in screening data, H_{Setting up}For manually setting upstream and downstream water levels, H, during data screening_tA is the set power factor for water levels upstream and downstream of the time.

Step three: and D, judging whether the data in the step two are under the stable working condition, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:

in the formula, P_{Setting up}Active power of the unit set manually for screening data, t continuous time (set according to test conditions, generally not less than 10 minutes), P_tThe unit has active power at time t. Extracting 5 min data under a stable working condition as original data of an efficiency test;

step four: and (3) carrying out related test parameter calculation on the original test data in the third step, wherein the related test parameter calculation comprises the following technical parameters:

(1) working head calculation

According to the read volute inlet section pressure and the read downstream water level, calculating the working water head of the water turbine according to the following formula:

in the formula: z₁、P₁-volute inlet pressure transmitter installation elevation (m) and pressure value (kPa);

Z₂、P₂-installation elevation (m) and pressure value (kPa) of the tail water outlet pressure transmitter;

gamma-volume weight of water (kN/m)³)；

Q-flow (m)³/s)；

A₁Volute inlet cross-sectional area (m)³)；

A₂Cross-sectional area of tail water outlet (m)³)；

g-acceleration of gravity (m/s)²)；

(2) Hydraulic turbine efficiency calculation

In the formula: ng-units active (kW);

η_u-unit efficiency (%);

q-flow (m)³/s)。

η_t＝η_u/η_g

In the formula: eta_t-turbine efficiency (%);

η_g-generator efficiency (%);

η_{g can}And consulting according to a generator efficiency curve chart provided by an equipment manufacturer.

(3) Operating parameter conversion

When the same water head efficiency test is carried out, conversion is carried out according to the unchanged efficiency:

in the formula: q' -flow (m) converted to mean operating head³/s)；

N_g' -converting the unit output (kW) to the average operating head;

H_nav-average working head (m).

(4) Water consumption rate calculation of unit

Wherein: q-water consumption rate of unit (m)³/kW·h)。

Step five: and drawing a water turbine efficiency test curve and a water consumption rate curve, and generating a test report.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

1. the method comprises the steps that operation data of the hydroelectric generating set are obtained based on an online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, no in-situ test equipment or instrument is required to be installed, and potential safety hazards caused by installation of equipment are avoided; 2. the running data of the hydroelectric generating set is obtained based on the online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, traveling manpower is not needed, and the test cost is reduced; 3. the unit operation data is acquired based on the online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, the power plant does not need to apply for scheduling, shut down of the unit and the like, and the economic benefit of the power plant is improved; 4. the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Examples are given.

Referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the hydroelectric generating set online monitoring system realizes acquisition of the operating state and the operating data of the hydroelectric generating set, and transmits data information to the hydroelectric generating set efficiency test system. The hydroelectric generating set efficiency test system judges, preprocesses and stores the acquired data information, calculates each technical parameter of the hydraulic turbine efficiency test, finishes test curve drawing and test result analysis, generates a test report, provides basis and reference data for safe, stable and efficient operation of the hydroelectric generating set, and correctly guides the actual production of the hydroelectric power plant.

In this embodiment, an online water turbine efficiency test method includes the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: reading real-time operation data of the hydroelectric generating set based on an online monitoring system of the hydroelectric generating set, acquiring the operation state of the hydroelectric generating set, corresponding operation condition parameters and actual measurement data, and providing basic information for an efficiency test; the operation state comprises the following steps: generating state, no-load state, idle state and shutdown state; the operation condition parameter actual measurement data comprises the following steps: the running time, the unit active power, the upstream and downstream water levels, the guide vane opening, the flow, the volute inlet section pressure, the power factor and the like.

Step two: dividing the read data and storing the data by setting a power factor, the unit active power, the upstream water level and the downstream water level, and returning to the first step to continuously (or re) read the data when the test conditions are not met;

the read data are divided by setting power factors, unit active power, upstream and downstream water levels, and the power factors, the unit active power, the upstream and downstream water levels can be divided by simultaneously meeting the following conditions:

wherein t1 is continuous time, P_{Setting up}Active for manually set units in screening data, H_{Setting up}For manually setting upstream and downstream water levels, H, during data screening_tA is the set power factor for water levels upstream and downstream of the time.

Step three: and D, judging whether the data in the step two are under the stable working condition, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:

in the formula, P_{Setting up}Active power of the unit set manually for screening data, t continuous time (set according to test conditions, generally not less than 10 minutes), P_tThe unit has active power at time t. Extracting 5 min data under a stable working condition as original data of an efficiency test;

step four: and (3) carrying out related test parameter calculation on the original test data in the third step, wherein the related test parameter calculation comprises the following technical parameters:

(1) working head calculation

According to the read volute inlet section pressure and the read downstream water level, calculating the working water head of the water turbine according to the following formula:

in the formula: z₁、P₁-volute inlet pressure transmitter installation elevation (m) and pressure value (kPa);

Z₂、P₂-installation elevation (m) and pressure value (kPa) of the tail water outlet pressure transmitter;

gamma-volume weight of water (kN/m)³)；

Q-flow (m)³/s)；

A₁Volute inlet cross-sectional area (m)³)；

A₂Cross-sectional area of tail water outlet (m)³)；

g-acceleration of gravity (m/s)²)；

(2) Hydraulic turbine efficiency calculation

In the formula: ng-units active (kW);

η_u-unit efficiency (%);

q-flow (m)³/s)。

η_t＝η_u/η_g

In the formula: eta_t-turbine efficiency (%);

η_g-generator efficiency (%);

η_{g can}And consulting according to a generator efficiency curve chart provided by an equipment manufacturer.

(3) Operating parameter conversion

When the same water head efficiency test is carried out, conversion is carried out according to the unchanged efficiency:

in the formula: q' -flow (m) converted to mean operating head³/s)；

N_g' -converting the unit output (kW) to the average operating head;

H_nav-average working head (m).

(4) Water consumption rate calculation of unit

Wherein: q-water consumption rate of unit (m)³/kW·h)。

Step five: and drawing a water turbine efficiency test curve and a water consumption rate curve, and generating a test report.

Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.