阅读说明：本技术 压裂设备及其减振方法 (Fracturing equipment and vibration reduction method thereof ) 是由 付善武 李亮 杜瑞杰 仲跻风 常胜 张建 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种压裂设备及其减振方法。该压裂设备包括至少一个压裂单元和处理装置,压裂单元包括：柱塞泵；低压进液管汇,与柱塞泵相连并被配置为向柱塞泵提供低压流体；高压排出管汇,与柱塞泵相连,柱塞泵被配置为对低压流体加压并从高压排出管汇排出；压力检测装置,被配置为检测低压进液管汇中的低压流体的压力值；以及振动检测装置,被配置为检测柱塞泵的振动烈度,处理装置与柱塞泵、压力检测装置和振动检测装置分别通信相连,并被配置为根据振动检测装置检测到的振动烈度和压力检测装置检测到的压力值对柱塞泵进行控制。该压裂设备可提高柱塞泵的排量稳定性和使用寿命。(Provided are fracturing equipment and a vibration reduction method thereof. This fracturing unit includes at least one fracturing unit and processing apparatus, and the fracturing unit includes: a plunger pump; a low pressure inlet manifold connected to the plunger pump and configured to provide low pressure fluid to the plunger pump; a high pressure exhaust manifold connected to a plunger pump configured to pressurize and exhaust low pressure fluid from the high pressure exhaust manifold; the pressure detection device is configured to detect the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold; and the processing device is in communication connection with the plunger pump, the pressure detection device and the vibration detection device respectively, and is configured to control the plunger pump according to the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device. The fracturing equipment can improve the displacement stability and the service life of the plunger pump.)

1. A fracturing apparatus comprising at least one fracturing unit and a treatment device, wherein the fracturing unit comprises:

a plunger pump;

a low pressure inlet manifold connected to the plunger pump and configured to provide low pressure fluid to the plunger pump;

a high pressure exhaust manifold connected to the plunger pump, the plunger pump configured to pressurize the low pressure fluid and exhaust from the high pressure exhaust manifold;

a pressure detection device configured to detect a pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure inlet manifold; and

a vibration detection device configured to detect a vibration intensity of the plunger pump,

the processing device is in communication connection with the plunger pump, the pressure detection device and the vibration detection device respectively, and is configured to control the plunger pump according to the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device.

2. The fracturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing device is configured to compare the vibration severity detected by the vibration detection device with a preset vibration severity, compare the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device with a preset pressure range, and control the plunger pump and reduce the number of strokes of the plunger pump when the vibration severity is greater than the preset vibration severity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range.

3. The fracturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plunger pump comprises a base, a power end and a fluid end, the power end and the fluid end being disposed on the base, the power end being connected to the fluid end;

the vibration detection device comprises a first vibration sensor, a second vibration sensor and a third vibration sensor, wherein the first vibration sensor is positioned on the base and is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the base, the second vibration sensor is positioned on the power end and is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the power end, and the third vibration sensor is positioned on the hydraulic end and is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the hydraulic end.

4. The fracturing apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein the fracturing unit further comprises:

a prime mover including a power take-off shaft;

a reduction gearbox including an input gear shaft; and

the pull rod component is provided with a pull rod component,

the plunger pump comprises a power input shaft, the power input shaft is connected with the reduction gearbox, an input gear shaft is connected with the power output shaft, one end of the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected with the plunger pump, and the other end of the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox.

5. The fracturing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the tie rod assembly is connected to the gearbox at a location on a side of the input gear shaft remote from the power input shaft.

6. The fracturing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the tie rod assembly comprises:

the first end of the first pull rod is fixedly connected with the plunger pump, and the second end of the first pull rod is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox;

one end of the second pull rod is fixedly connected with the first end or the second end of the first pull rod, and the other end of the second pull rod is fixedly connected with the plunger pump or the reduction gearbox.

7. The fracturing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fracturing unit further comprises:

one end of the flexible coupling or the flexible transmission shaft is connected with the input gear shaft, and the other end of the flexible coupling or the flexible transmission shaft is connected with the power output shaft.

8. The fracturing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fracturing unit further comprises:

and the silicone oil damper is sleeved on at least one of the input gear shaft and the power output shaft.

9. The fracturing apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein the fracturing unit further comprises:

an equipment carrying platform; and

an elastic vibration-damping device is arranged on the upper portion of the frame,

the plunger pump is fixed on the equipment carrying platform, one end of the elastic vibration damping device is connected with the high-pressure discharge manifold, and the other end of the elastic vibration damping device is connected with the equipment carrying platform or the plunger pump.

10. The fracturing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the resilient vibration damper comprises at least one of a steel wire damper and a rubber vibration damper pad.

11. The fracturing apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein the high pressure discharge manifold comprises:

a first discharge pipe;

a second discharge pipe; and

and the high-pressure movable elbow is respectively connected with the first discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe.

12. The fracturing apparatus of any of claims 1-3, wherein the fracturing unit further comprises:

a low pressure channel junction at a fluid inlet of the low pressure inlet manifold; and

and the energy storage vibration reduction module is positioned on the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold.

13. A fracturing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the low pressure inlet manifold comprises:

the annular liquid inlet manifold comprises an upper liquid inlet pipeline, a lower liquid inlet pipeline, a first connecting pipeline and a second connecting pipeline, wherein the upper liquid inlet pipeline and the lower liquid inlet pipeline are arranged oppositely, the first connecting pipeline is respectively connected with a first end of the upper liquid inlet pipeline and a first end of the lower liquid inlet pipeline, and the second connecting pipeline is respectively connected with a second end of the upper liquid inlet pipeline and a second end of the lower liquid inlet pipeline;

a liquid inlet interface located in the upper liquid inlet pipe and configured to be connected with the plunger pump;

a liquid supply conduit in communication with said first end of said lower liquid inlet conduit; and

the one end of intermediate junction pipeline with the middle part of upper portion inlet channel is linked together, the other end of intermediate junction pipeline with the middle part of lower part inlet channel is linked together.

14. The fracturing apparatus of claim 13, wherein a first distance between a first end of the upper feed conduit and a first end of the lower feed conduit is greater than a second distance between a second end of the upper feed conduit and a second end of the lower feed conduit.

15. The fracturing apparatus of claim 13, wherein the low pressure inlet manifold comprises:

the water outlet is positioned on the upper liquid inlet pipeline; and

and the inspection port is positioned on the lower liquid inlet pipeline.

16. A fracturing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the low pressure inlet manifold comprises:

a main liquid inlet pipeline;

the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the first end of the main liquid supply pipeline;

a bent upper liquid pipeline, one end of which is connected with the second end of the main liquid inlet pipeline, and the other end of which is provided with a liquid inlet interface configured to be connected with the plunger pump; and

at least one liquid feeding pipeline, one end of each liquid feeding pipeline is communicated with the main liquid inlet pipeline, the other end of each liquid feeding pipeline is provided with a liquid inlet interface, the liquid inlet interface is configured to be connected with the plunger pump,

wherein, the feed liquor trunk line the pipe diameter of first end is greater than the feed liquor trunk line the pipe diameter of second end, follow the feed liquor trunk line first end extremely the feed liquor trunk line on the direction of second end, at least one go up the liquid pipeline with the liquid pipeline is arranged in proper order in the bending to length reduces gradually.

17. The fracturing apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least one fracturing unit comprises a plurality of the fracturing units, and the processing device is in communication with each of the plurality of plunger pumps, the plurality of pressure detection devices, and the plurality of vibration detection devices in the plurality of fracturing units.

18. A method of damping vibration of a fracturing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 16, comprising:

acquiring the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold through the pressure detection device;

acquiring the vibration intensity of the plunger pump through the vibration detection device;

comparing the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device with a preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device with a preset pressure range; and

and when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, controlling the plunger pump and reducing the stroke frequency of the plunger pump.

19. A method of damping vibration in a fracturing apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one fracturing unit of the fracturing apparatus comprises a plurality of the fracturing units, the processing device is in communication with each of the plurality of plunger pumps, the plurality of pressure sensing devices, and the plurality of vibration sensing devices in the plurality of fracturing units, the method further comprising:

obtaining the vibration intensity of the plunger pump of each fracturing unit in a plurality of fracturing units and the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold of each fracturing unit;

comparing the vibration intensity of the plunger pump of each fracturing unit with a preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold of each fracturing unit with a preset pressure range; and

and the stroke times of the plunger pumps of the fracturing units with the pressure values within the preset pressure range are reduced, and the stroke times of the plunger pumps of other fracturing units in the fracturing units are increased.

20. The method of damping vibration of a fracturing apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:

when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is smaller than the preset pressure range, increasing the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold; and

and when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is greater than the preset pressure range, reducing the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold.

Technical Field

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a fracturing apparatus and a vibration reduction method thereof.

Background

In the field of oil and gas exploitation, the fracturing technology is a method for forming cracks on oil and gas layers by using high-pressure fracturing liquid. The fracturing technology can increase the production rate of oil wells by creating cracks in hydrocarbon reservoirs and improving the flow environment of hydrocarbons in the underground, and thus is widely used in conventional and unconventional oil and gas production, and development of oil and gas resources at sea and on land.

The plunger pump is a device for pressurizing liquid by utilizing the reciprocating motion of a plunger in a cylinder body. The plunger pump has the advantages of high rated pressure, compact structure, high efficiency and the like, and is applied to the fracturing technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the disclosure provides fracturing equipment and a vibration reduction method thereof. The fracturing equipment can reduce the vibration of the plunger pump through the pressure detection device, the vibration detection device and the processing device, so that the displacement stability and the service life of the plunger pump can be improved.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fracturing apparatus comprising at least one fracturing unit and a treatment device, the fracturing unit comprising: a plunger pump; a low pressure inlet manifold connected to the plunger pump and configured to provide low pressure fluid to the plunger pump; a high pressure exhaust manifold connected to the plunger pump, the plunger pump configured to pressurize the low pressure fluid and exhaust from the high pressure exhaust manifold; a pressure detection device configured to detect a pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure inlet manifold; and the processing device is in communication connection with the plunger pump, the pressure detection device and the vibration detection device respectively, and is configured to control the plunger pump according to the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device.

For example, in the fracturing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing device is configured to compare the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device with a preset vibration intensity, compare the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device with a preset pressure range, and control the plunger pump and reduce the stroke number of the plunger pump when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plunger pump includes a base, a power end and a hydraulic end, the power end and the hydraulic end are disposed on the base, and the power end is connected to the hydraulic end; the vibration detection device comprises a first vibration sensor, a second vibration sensor and a third vibration sensor, wherein the first vibration sensor is positioned on the base and is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the base, the second vibration sensor is positioned on the power end and is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the power end, and the third vibration sensor is positioned on the hydraulic end and is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the hydraulic end.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing unit further includes: a prime mover including a power take-off shaft; a reduction gearbox including an input gear shaft; the plunger pump comprises a power input shaft, the power input shaft is connected with the reduction gearbox, the input gear shaft is connected with the power output shaft, one end of the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected with the plunger pump, and the other end of the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox.

For example, in the fracturing equipment provided by an embodiment of the disclosure, the connection position of the draw bar assembly and the reduction gearbox is located on one side of the input gear shaft, which is far away from the power input shaft.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tie rod assembly includes: the first end of the first pull rod is fixedly connected with the plunger pump, and the second end of the first pull rod is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox; one end of the second pull rod is fixedly connected with the first end or the second end of the first pull rod, and the other end of the second pull rod is fixedly connected with the plunger pump or the reduction gearbox.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing unit further includes: one end of the flexible coupling or the flexible transmission shaft is connected with the input gear shaft, and the other end of the flexible coupling or the flexible transmission shaft is connected with the power output shaft.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing unit further includes: and the silicone oil damper is sleeved on at least one of the input gear shaft and the power output shaft.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing unit further includes: an equipment carrying platform; and the plunger pump is fixed on the equipment carrier, one end of the elastic vibration damping device is connected with the high-pressure discharge manifold, and the other end of the elastic vibration damping device is connected with the equipment carrier or the plunger pump.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic damping device includes at least one of a steel wire damper and a rubber damping pad.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the high pressure discharge manifold includes: a first discharge pipe; a second discharge pipe; and the high-pressure movable elbow is respectively connected with the first discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing unit further includes: a low pressure channel junction at a fluid inlet of the low pressure inlet manifold; and the energy storage vibration attenuation module is positioned on the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the low-pressure inlet manifold includes: the annular liquid inlet manifold comprises an upper liquid inlet pipeline, a lower liquid inlet pipeline, a first connecting pipeline and a second connecting pipeline, wherein the upper liquid inlet pipeline and the lower liquid inlet pipeline are arranged oppositely, the first connecting pipeline is respectively connected with a first end of the upper liquid inlet pipeline and a first end of the lower liquid inlet pipeline, and the second connecting pipeline is respectively connected with a second end of the upper liquid inlet pipeline and a second end of the lower liquid inlet pipeline; a liquid inlet interface located in the upper liquid inlet pipe and configured to be connected with the plunger pump; a liquid supply conduit in communication with said first end of said lower liquid inlet conduit; and the middle connecting pipeline, one end of the middle connecting pipeline is communicated with the middle part of the upper liquid inlet pipeline, and the other end of the middle connecting pipeline is communicated with the middle part of the lower liquid inlet pipeline.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first distance between a first end of the upper feed conduit and a first end of the lower feed conduit is greater than a second distance between a second end of the upper feed conduit and a second end of the lower feed conduit.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the low-pressure inlet manifold includes: the water outlet is positioned on the upper liquid inlet pipeline; and the inspection port is positioned on the lower liquid inlet pipeline.

For example, in a fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the low-pressure inlet manifold includes: a main liquid inlet pipeline; the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the first end of the main liquid supply pipeline; a bent upper liquid pipeline, one end of which is connected with the second end of the main liquid inlet pipeline, and the other end of which is provided with a liquid inlet interface configured to be connected with the plunger pump; and at least one liquid feeding pipeline, wherein one end of each liquid feeding pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet main pipeline, the other end of each liquid feeding pipeline is provided with a liquid inlet interface, the liquid inlet interfaces are configured to be connected with the plunger pump, the pipe diameter of the first end of the liquid inlet main pipeline is larger than that of the second end of the liquid inlet main pipeline, and the at least one liquid feeding pipeline and the bent liquid feeding pipelines are sequentially arranged in the direction from the first end of the liquid inlet main pipeline to the second end of the liquid inlet main pipeline and are gradually reduced in length.

For example, in the fracturing equipment provided by an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one fracturing unit comprises a plurality of the fracturing units, and the processing device is respectively in communication connection with the plunger pumps, the pressure detection devices and the vibration detection devices in the plurality of the fracturing units.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vibration reduction method of a fracturing apparatus, which includes: acquiring the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold through the pressure detection device; acquiring the vibration intensity of the plunger pump through the vibration detection device; comparing the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device with a preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device with a preset pressure range; and when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, controlling the plunger pump and reducing the stroke frequency of the plunger pump.

For example, in a vibration damping method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the at least one fracturing unit of the fracturing equipment includes a plurality of the fracturing units, the processing device is in communication connection with each of the plurality of plunger pumps, the plurality of pressure detection devices, and the plurality of vibration detection devices in the plurality of the fracturing units, and the vibration damping method further includes: obtaining the vibration intensity of the plunger pump of each fracturing unit in a plurality of fracturing units and the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold of each fracturing unit; comparing the vibration intensity of the plunger pump of each fracturing unit with a preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold of each fracturing unit with a preset pressure range; and reducing the stroke times of the plunger pumps of the fracturing units, of which the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, in the plurality of fracturing units, and improving the stroke times of the plunger pumps of other fracturing units in the plurality of fracturing units.

For example, in a vibration damping method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration damping method further includes: when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is smaller than the preset pressure range, increasing the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold; and when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is greater than the preset pressure range, reducing the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not limiting to the present disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of a fracturing unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic layout of another fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of another fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a low-pressure liquid inlet manifold in a fracturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a low pressure feed manifold in another fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of another fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a vibration damping method of a fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

A typical fracturing apparatus includes an equipment carrier, a plunger pump, a prime mover, a low pressure inlet manifold and a high pressure outlet manifold. The plunger pump is arranged on the equipment carrying platform and comprises a power end and a hydraulic end; the prime motor is connected with the power end of the plunger pump and provides power for the power end; the power end converts the power provided by the prime mover into the reciprocating motion of the plunger; the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold is connected with the hydraulic end of the plunger pump and provides low-pressure fracturing liquid for the hydraulic end; the hydraulic end can pressurize low-pressure fluid by utilizing the reciprocating motion of the plunger to form high-pressure fracturing fluid; the high-pressure discharge manifold is connected with the hydraulic end of the plunger pump and is used for discharging the high-pressure fracturing fluid. Thus, the fracturing apparatus can provide a high pressure fracturing fluid for use in fracturing operations. The prime mover may be a device that supplies power to a diesel engine, an electric motor, or a turbine engine. In addition, because the rotational speed of the prime mover (particularly the electric motor and turbine engine) is high, a reduction gearbox is required between the plunger pump and the prime mover, so that the power output of the prime mover is reduced using the reduction gearbox to match the plunger pump.

In the working process of the fracturing equipment, the plunger pump can generate vibration due to various factors such as the flowing of fracturing fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold and the high-pressure liquid inlet manifold, the reciprocating motion of a plunger in the power end, the high-speed rotation of an output shaft of a prime motor and the like; these vibrations have a great influence on the plunger pump, for example, may cause displacement fluctuation of the plunger pump, damage to components of the plunger pump, a reduction in life span, and even abnormal shutdown of the plunger pump, and damage to equipment.

For example, due to layout constraints, the power input shaft of the plunger pump and the power output shaft of the prime mover may not be perfectly coaxial or concentric, or the transmission mechanism between the power input shaft of the plunger pump and the power output shaft of the prime mover may have poor assembly accuracy, and such a mechanism may inevitably cause a mass center of the rotational inertia to shift and generate large vibration at high speed rotation. In addition, intermittent working of each plunger in the plunger pump can cause pressure surge of fracturing fluid, and partial liquid impact can be generated on the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold and the high-pressure liquid outlet manifold, so that large vibration is caused.

On the other hand, in the working process of the fracturing equipment, the plunger pump is usually only fixedly connected with the output part of the gearbox, so that the gearbox is easy to form a cantilever structure; at this moment, when fracturing equipment during operation, the vibration of plunger pump and gear box can produce asynchronous phenomenon to can make the vibration of plunger pump more violent on the one hand, on the other hand can make plunger pump and gear box produce the condition such as axle damage.

In this regard, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fracturing apparatus comprising at least one fracturing unit and a treatment device; each fracturing unit comprises a plunger pump, a low-pressure liquid inlet manifold, a high-pressure discharge manifold, a pressure detection device and a vibration detection device; the low-pressure inlet manifold is connected with the plunger pump and is configured to provide low-pressure fluid for the plunger pump; the high pressure exhaust manifold is connected with a plunger pump, and the plunger pump is configured to pressurize the low pressure fluid and exhaust the low pressure fluid from the high pressure exhaust manifold; the pressure detection device is configured to detect the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure inlet manifold; the vibration detection device is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the plunger pump; the processing device is in communication connection with the plunger pump, the pressure detection device and the vibration detection device respectively, and is configured to control the plunger pump according to the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device. The fracturing equipment can reduce the vibration of the plunger pump through the pressure detection device, the vibration detection device and the processing device, so that the displacement stability and the service life of the plunger pump can be improved.

The embodiment of the disclosure further provides a vibration reduction method for the fracturing equipment, which includes the steps of obtaining the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold through the pressure detection device; acquiring the vibration intensity of the plunger pump through a vibration detection device; comparing the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device with a preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device with a preset pressure range; and when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, controlling the plunger pump and reducing the stroke frequency of the plunger pump. Therefore, the vibration reduction method of the fracturing equipment can reduce the vibration of the plunger pump, thereby improving the displacement stability and prolonging the service life of the plunger pump.

The following describes a fracturing device and a vibration damping method of the fracturing device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of a fracturing unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the fracturing apparatus 300 includes at least one fracturing unit 100 and a treatment device 200; fig. 1 shows one fracturing unit 100; each fracturing unit 100 includes a plunger pump 110, a low pressure inlet manifold 120, a high pressure outlet manifold 130, a pressure sensing device 140, and a vibration sensing device 150. It should be noted that fig. 1 only shows one fracturing unit, but the fracturing equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure may include a plurality of fracturing units; the plurality of fracturing units may form a fracturing unit set, which may provide a higher displacement. In addition, the fracturing unit can be a fracturing truck or a fracturing skid.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the low pressure inlet manifold 120 is connected to the plunger pump 110 and is configured to provide a low pressure fluid, such as a fracturing fluid or a sand-blending fluid, to the plunger pump 110; the high pressure exhaust manifold 130 is connected to the plunger pump 110, the plunger pump 110 being configured to pressurize the low pressure fluid and exhaust it from the high pressure exhaust manifold 130; the pressure detection device 140 is configured to detect a pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure inlet manifold 120; the vibration detection device 150 is configured to detect the vibration intensity of the plunger pump 110; the processing device 200 is communicatively connected to the plunger pump 110, the pressure detection device 140 and the vibration detection device 150, respectively, and is configured to control the plunger pump 110 according to the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device 150 and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device 140. The vibration intensity is represented by a vibration intensity, and may be represented by a maximum value, an average value, or a root mean square value of parameters (such as displacement, velocity, and acceleration) representing the vibration level.

In the fracturing equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the vibration detection device can detect the vibration intensity of the plunger pump, so that the vibration condition of the plunger pump can be monitored, and the pressure detection device can detect the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold, so that the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold can be monitored; the processing device is respectively in communication connection with the vibration detection device and the pressure detection device, so that the plunger pump can be controlled according to the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device and the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device, for example, the stroke frequency of the plunger pump is changed, the vibration intensity of the plunger pump can be reduced, and the service life of the plunger pump can be prolonged.

In some examples, the communication connection includes a communication connection via a wired connection (e.g., wires, optical fibers, etc.), and also includes a communication connection via a wireless connection (e.g., WiFi, mobile network).

For example, when the processing device is in communication connection with the plunger pump, the pressure detection device and the vibration detection device in a wireless manner, the processing device, the plunger pump, the pressure detection device and the vibration detection device may respectively include a wireless communication module.

In some examples, the processing device 200 is configured to compare the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device 150 with a preset vibration intensity, compare the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device 140 with a preset pressure range, and control the plunger pump 110 and reduce the number of strokes of the plunger pump 110 when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range. Therefore, when the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device 150 is greater than the preset vibration intensity, the processing device 200 may first determine whether the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device 140 is within the preset pressure range, and if the pressure detection device 140 detects that the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, the vibration of the plunger pump 110 may be reduced by reducing the number of strokes of the plunger pump 110.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, plunger pump 110 includes a base 112, a power end 114, and a fluid end 116, power end 114 and fluid end 116 disposed on base 112, power end 114 coupled to fluid end 116. The power end 114 and the fluid end 116 are secured to the base 112 to reduce vibration of the plunger pump.

For example, the housing of the power end and the housing of the fluid end may be fixedly connected by bolts or the like. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure include but are not limited thereto, and other connection manners may also be adopted to achieve the fixed connection of the above components.

For example, the power end may include a crankshaft linkage that may convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of a plunger, and a plunger, at least a portion of which may extend into the hydraulic end to pressurize a low pressure fluid therein. It should be noted that, the structure and the operation of the plunger pump are briefly described above, but the plunger pump of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, the structure and the operation described above.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the vibration detection device 150 includes a first vibration sensor 151, a second vibration sensor 152, and a third vibration sensor 153; a first vibration sensor 151 is located on the base 112 and configured to detect a vibration severity of the base 112, a second vibration sensor 152 is located on the power end 114 and configured to detect a vibration severity of the power end 114, and a third vibration sensor 153 is located on the fluid end 116 and configured to detect a vibration severity of the fluid end 116. Therefore, the vibration detection device can be used for respectively arranging the first vibration sensor, the second vibration sensor and the third vibration sensor on the base, the power end and the hydraulic end of the plunger pump to detect the vibration intensity of different positions of the plunger pump, so that the vibration condition of the plunger pump can be better monitored, and the diagnosis of vibration reasons can be facilitated. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, the vibration detection device may further include more vibration sensors. For example, the vibration detecting means may further include a vibration sensor provided inside the plunger pump. It should be noted that, when the vibration detection device includes a plurality of vibration sensors, the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device may be a maximum value of the vibration intensities detected by the plurality of vibration sensors or an average value of the vibration intensities detected by the plurality of vibration sensors.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fracturing unit 100 further includes an equipment carrier 410 and an elastomeric vibration damper 420. The plunger pump 110 is fixed to the device stage 410, one end of the elastic vibration damping device 420 is connected to the high-pressure exhaust manifold 130, and the other end of the elastic vibration damping device 420 is connected to the device stage 410 or the plunger pump 110. Therefore, the vibration of the high-pressure discharge manifold can be reduced through the elastic vibration damping device, and equipment damage caused by the vibration of the high-pressure discharge manifold can be avoided. It is noted that in addition to the high pressure discharge manifold described above, other components of the fracturing unit that are not capable of damping vibration may be damped using the elastomeric damping device.

For example, when the fracturing unit 100 is a fracturing truck, the equipment carrier 410 may be a truck body; when the fracturing unit 100 is a fracturing skid, the equipment carrier 410 may be a skid.

In some examples, the elastic damping means 420 described above includes at least one of a wire damper and a rubber damping pad. For example, the elastic damper device 420 shown in fig. 2 is a wire damper.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 2, the high pressure exhaust manifold 130 includes: a first discharge pipe 131, a second discharge pipe 132, and a high-pressure movable elbow 133, which are connected to the first discharge pipe 131 and the second discharge pipe 132, respectively. Because the high-pressure movable elbow has the characteristic of being adjusted in multiple angles, the high-pressure movable elbow arranged between the first discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe can absorb the vibration of the high-pressure discharge manifold, and the transmission of the vibration is reduced.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 2, the fracturing unit 100 further includes a low pressure groove joint 430 and an energy storage damping module 440; the low pressure groove joint 430 is located at the fluid inlet of the low pressure inlet manifold 120; the energy storage damping module 440 is located on the low pressure inlet manifold 120. The low-pressure groove joint has the advantages of quick installation, simplicity and economy, and can absorb the length displacement of the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold caused by vibration, thereby playing a role in vibration reduction; the energy storage and vibration reduction module can absorb the fluctuation generated by the fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold by means of the working principle of energy storage and energy release of the energy accumulator, and can make up for the defect of insufficient instantaneous hydraulic pressure of the fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold, so that the vibration can be reduced.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1, the fracturing unit 100 further includes a prime mover 160, a reduction gearbox 170, and a tie rod assembly 180; the prime mover 160 includes a power take-off shaft 165; the reduction gearbox 170 includes an input gear shaft 175. The plunger pump 110 comprises a power input shaft 115, the power input shaft 115 is connected with a reduction gearbox 170, an input gear shaft 175 is connected with a power output shaft 165, one end of a pull rod assembly 180 is fixedly connected with the plunger pump 110, and the other end of the pull rod assembly 180 is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox 170. In the fracturing equipment, when the reduction gearbox is only partially fixedly connected with the plunger pump to form a cantilever structure, one end of the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected with the plunger pump, and the other end of the pull rod assembly is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox, so that the fixation and the support between the plunger pump and the reduction gearbox can be increased, and the vibration of the plunger pump and the reduction gearbox can be reduced; on the other hand, the plunger pump is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox through the pull rod assembly, so that the vibration of the plunger pump and the vibration of the reduction gearbox can be synchronized, and the conditions of shaft damage and the like caused by asynchronous vibration are reduced. Therefore, the fracturing equipment can reduce the vibration intensity, reduce the asynchronous degree of the vibration of the plunger pump and the reduction gearbox, and further prolong the service life of the fracturing equipment.

In some examples, when the hydraulic side suction and discharge valve of the plunger pump fails, a large power fluctuation of the prime mover is detected; in this case, the power fluctuation of the prime mover is calculated to determine the failure of the hydraulic side and the suction/discharge valve.

Fig. 3 is a schematic layout view of another fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the tie rod assembly 180 is connected to the reduction gearbox 170 at a location on the side of the input gear shaft 175 remote from the power input shaft 115. Because the part of the reduction box 170 connected with the power input shaft 115 is relatively stable, and the part of the reduction box 170 far away from the power input shaft 115 is in a suspension state, the connection position of the pull rod assembly 180 and the reduction box 170 is arranged on one side of the input gear shaft 175 far away from the power input shaft 115, so that the connection stability between the reduction box and the plunger pump can be greatly improved, and the vibration of the plunger pump and the reduction box can be effectively reduced.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, the tie rod assembly 180 includes a first tie rod 181 and a second tie rod 182; the first end 181A of the first pull rod 181 is fixedly connected with the plunger pump 110, and the second end 181B of the first pull rod 181 is fixedly connected with the reduction gearbox 170; one end of the second pull rod 182 is fixedly connected with the first end 181A or the second end 181B of the first pull rod 181, and the other end of the second pull rod 182 is fixedly connected with the plunger pump 110 or the reduction gearbox 170. Therefore, the first pull rod 181 and the second pull rod 182 can form a triangular support structure, so that the stability of connection between the reduction gearbox and the plunger pump can be further improved, and the vibration of the plunger pump and the reduction gearbox can be effectively reduced.

For example, as shown in fig. 3, a first end 181A of the first pull rod 181 is fixedly connected to the plunger pump 110, and a second end 181B of the first pull rod 181 is fixedly connected to the reduction gearbox 170; one end of the second pull rod 182 is fixedly connected with the second end 181B of the first pull rod 181, and the other end of the second pull rod 182 is fixedly connected with the plunger pump 110. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure includes but is not limited to the connection manner shown in fig. 3, and one end of the second pull rod may also be fixedly connected to the first end of the first pull rod, and the other end of the second pull rod is connected to the reduction box.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 3, an angle between an extending direction of the first pull rod 181 and an extending direction of the second pull rod 182 is greater than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of another fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the fracturing unit 100 further includes a flexible coupling 190 or a flexible transmission shaft 192, one end of the flexible coupling 190 or the flexible transmission shaft 192 is connected to the input gear shaft 175, and the other end of the flexible coupling 192 or the flexible transmission shaft 192 is connected to the power output shaft 165. Therefore, by arranging the flexible coupling or the flexible transmission shaft, slight displacement or angular deviation between the plunger pump and the prime motor can be allowed, the smoothness of the input power of the plunger pump is ensured, and the vibration can be reduced.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 4, the fracturing unit 100 further comprises a silicone oil damper 195, and the silicone oil damper 195 may be sleeved on at least one of the input gear shaft 175 and the power output shaft 165. Therefore, the silicone oil damper can realize the balance of the rotational inertia of the input gear shaft or the power output shaft, so that the vibration of the plunger pump can be reduced.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 4, a silicone oil damper 195 is sleeved over the gear input shaft 175.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a low-pressure liquid inlet manifold in a fracturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, the low-pressure inlet manifold 120 includes an annular inlet manifold 121, an inlet port 122, a supply pipe 123, and an intermediate connecting pipe 124; the annular inlet manifold 121 comprises an upper inlet conduit 1211, a lower inlet conduit 1212, a first connecting conduit 1213 and a second connecting conduit 1214; the upper liquid inlet pipe 1211 and the lower liquid inlet pipe 1212 are oppositely arranged, the first connecting pipe 1213 is respectively connected with the first end 1211A of the upper liquid inlet pipe 1211 and the first end 1212A of the lower liquid inlet pipe 1212, and the second connecting pipe 1214 is respectively connected with the second end 1211B of the upper liquid inlet pipe 1211 and the second end 1212B of the lower liquid inlet pipe 1212; an inlet port 122 is located in the upper inlet conduit 121 and is configured to be connected to the plunger pump 110 to provide low pressure fluid, such as fracturing fluid, to the plunger pump 110; the liquid supply conduit 123 communicates with a first end 1212A of a lower liquid inlet conduit 1212; one end of the intermediate connecting pipe 124 is connected to the middle of the upper liquid inlet pipe 1211, and the other end of the intermediate connecting pipe 124 is connected to the middle of the lower liquid inlet pipe 1212. Therefore, after the low-pressure fluid flows to the annular liquid inlet manifold from the liquid supply pipeline, a vortex can be formed in the annular liquid inlet manifold, on one hand, solid deposition can be reduced, the liquid at each liquid inlet interface position is sufficient, on the other hand, fluctuation generated by the fluid can be reduced, and accordingly vibration can be reduced.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 5, a first distance D1 between a first end 1211A of the upper liquid inlet conduit 1211 and a first end 1212A of the lower liquid inlet conduit 1212 is greater than a second distance D2 between a second end 1211B of the upper liquid inlet conduit 1211 and a second end 1212B of the lower liquid inlet conduit 122. That is, the axis of the lower liquid inlet pipe is inclined relative to the axis of the upper liquid inlet pipe, so that the fixed settlement caused by horizontal conveying can be reduced, and the deposition of the solid can be further reduced.

For example, the angle between the axis of the lower liquid inlet pipe and the axis of the upper liquid inlet pipe is in the range of 0-45 degrees.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 5, the low pressure intake manifold 120 includes a discharge outlet 1251 and an inspection outlet 1252; the water outlet 1251 is positioned on the upper liquid inlet pipe 1211; an inspection port 1252 is located on the lower inlet conduit 1212.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a low pressure liquid inlet manifold in another fracturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, the low pressure inlet manifold 120 includes a main inlet conduit 126, a supply conduit 127, a curved feed conduit 128, and at least one feed conduit 129; the liquid supply pipe 127 is communicated with a first end 126A of the main liquid supply pipe 126; one end of the bent upper liquid pipe 128 is connected to the second end 126B of the main liquid inlet pipe 126, the other end of the bent upper liquid pipe 128 is provided with a liquid inlet interface 1282, and the liquid inlet interface 1282 is configured to be connected to the plunger pump 110; one end of each upper liquid conduit 129 is in communication with the main liquid inlet conduit 126, and the other end of each upper liquid conduit 129 is provided with a liquid inlet interface 1292, the liquid inlet interface 1292 being configured to be connected to the plunger pump 110.

In some examples, as shown in figure 6, the first end 126A of the main inlet pipe 126 has a larger pipe diameter than the second end 126B of the main inlet pipe 126, and at least one upper pipe 129 and a curved upper pipe 128 are arranged in series and progressively reduced in length in a direction from the first end 126A of the main inlet pipe 126 to the second end 126B of the main inlet pipe 126. Along with fluid from last liquid pipeline entering plunger pump, the flow of feed liquor trunk line reduces gradually, and the feed liquor trunk line in the low pressure feed liquor manifold that this example provided is the reducing pipe to can guarantee that each goes up liquid pipeline and crooked liquid pipeline and feed liquor trunk line's hookup location's flow is stable, reduce the production in cavitation, and then can restrain the production of vibration.

On the other hand, since the lengths of at least one of the upper liquid feeding pipe and the bent upper liquid feeding pipe are gradually reduced in the direction from the first end of the main liquid feeding pipe to the second end of the main liquid feeding pipe, the main liquid feeding pipe has an upward-inclined angle relative to the horizontal direction, so that the sedimentation caused by horizontal conveyance can be reduced.

For example, the included angle between the axis of the main liquid inlet pipe and the horizontal direction is 0-45 degrees.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, the at least one fracturing unit 100 includes a plurality of fracturing units 100, and the treatment device 200 is communicatively connected to the plurality of plunger pumps 110, the plurality of pressure detection devices 140, and the plurality of vibration detection devices 150 in the plurality of fracturing units 100, respectively. Therefore, the processing device can carry out overall control on the plurality of fracturing units, and when the stroke times of the plunger pump with larger vibration in the plurality of plunger pumps are reduced, the stability of the output displacement of the whole fracturing equipment can be ensured by increasing the stroke times of other plunger pumps.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a vibration damping method of a fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 8, the vibration damping method includes the following steps S101 to S103.

Step S101: and acquiring the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold through a pressure detection device.

Step S102: the vibration intensity of the plunger pump is obtained through the vibration detection device.

Step S103: and comparing the vibration intensity detected by the vibration detection device with the preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device with the preset pressure range.

Step S104: and when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, controlling the plunger pump and reducing the stroke frequency of the plunger pump.

In the vibration reduction method for the fracturing equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, the plunger pump is controlled and the stroke frequency of the plunger pump is reduced. Meanwhile, the vibration attenuation method does not need to stop the plunger pump for maintenance when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range, so that stable fracturing operation can be ensured, the efficiency of the fracturing operation can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.

In some examples, the at least one fracturing unit of the fracturing apparatus comprises a plurality of fracturing units, the treatment device is in communication with each of the plurality of plunger pumps, the plurality of pressure detection devices, and the plurality of vibration detection devices in the plurality of fracturing units, and the vibration reduction method further comprises: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the vibration intensity of a plunger pump of each fracturing unit in a plurality of fracturing units and the pressure value of low-pressure fluid in a low-pressure liquid inlet manifold of each fracturing unit; comparing the vibration intensity of the plunger pump of each fracturing unit with a preset vibration intensity, and comparing the pressure value of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold of each fracturing unit with a preset pressure range; and reducing the stroke times of the plunger pumps of the fracturing units of which the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is within the preset pressure range in the plurality of fracturing units, and improving the stroke times of the plunger pumps of other fracturing units in the plurality of fracturing units.

In the vibration reduction method provided by the example, the stroke times of the plunger pumps of the fracturing units with the vibration intensity being greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value being within the preset pressure range are reduced, and the stroke times of the plunger pumps of other fracturing units in the fracturing units are increased. Therefore, the vibration reduction method can be used for integrally controlling a plurality of fracturing units in the fracturing equipment, not only can realize vibration reduction and prolong the service life of the plunger pump, but also can ensure the stability of the output displacement of the fracturing equipment.

In some examples, the method of damping further comprises: when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is smaller than the preset pressure range, increasing the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold; and when the vibration intensity is greater than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is greater than the preset pressure range, reducing the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold. Therefore, when the vibration intensity is larger than the preset vibration intensity and the pressure value is not within the preset pressure range, the vibration can be reduced by adjusting the pressure of the low-pressure fluid in the low-pressure liquid inlet manifold.

The following points need to be explained:

(1) in the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are referred to, and other structures may refer to general designs.

(2) Features of the disclosure in the same embodiment and in different embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and shall be covered by the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.