阅读说明：本技术 一种用于高能射线的脉冲调制装置及斩波片结构 (Pulse modulation device for high-energy rays and chopper structure ) 是由 薛笑杰 徐天闻 陈路锋 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种用于高能射线的脉冲调制装置及斩波片结构,包括围绕中心块均匀环绕固定的多组扇形的斩波叶片,斩波叶片上设置有用于阻挡高能射线的阻挡层,相邻的斩波叶片之间设有空置区,阻挡层采用有屏蔽高能射线作用的金属材料、防穿透性辐射的材料,本发明通过使用有屏蔽高能射线作用的金属材料、防穿透性辐射的材料作为阻挡层,来与斩波叶片相相结合的形式,实现高能射线的间歇性斩断,不仅能够解决单使用有屏蔽高能射线作用的金属材料、防穿透性辐射的材料作为斩波叶片时,因材料的质地较软,叶片在高速转动过程中易变形、易折断的缺陷,同时又能兼顾斩波叶片的厚度,使其能在相对较薄的情况下,对光焦点的精确斩断,实现调制波形的控制。(The invention provides a pulse modulation device and a chopper structure for high-energy rays, which comprises a plurality of groups of fan-shaped chopper blades which are uniformly fixed around a central block in a surrounding way, wherein the chopper blades are provided with barrier layers for blocking the high-energy rays, and a vacant area is arranged between the adjacent chopper blades, the barrier layers are made of metal materials with the function of shielding the high-energy rays and materials with the function of preventing penetrating radiation, the intermittent chopping of the high-energy rays is realized by using the metal materials with the function of shielding the high-energy rays and the materials with the function of preventing penetrating radiation as the barrier layers in a combined way with the chopper blades, the defects that the blades are easy to deform and break in the high-speed rotating process due to the soft texture of the materials and the chopping thickness of the chopper blades can be considered simultaneously, the optical fiber laser can accurately cut off the optical focus under the condition of relative thinness, and the control of modulation waveform is realized.)

1. The utility model provides a chopper structure for high energy ray, its characterized in that includes and evenly encircles the sectorial chopping blade of fixed multiunit around the centre block, be provided with on the chopping blade and be used for blockking the barrier layer of high energy ray, and adjacent be equipped with the vacant area that is used for through high energy ray between the chopping blade, the barrier layer adopts the metal material that has shielding high energy ray effect, the material of anti-penetration radiation.

2. The chopper structure for high-energy rays as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic material for shielding high-energy rays is selected from the group consisting of lead and tantalum, and the material for preventing penetrating radiation is selected from the group consisting of lead-containing glass, rubber, graphite, modified polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride.

3. The chopper structure for high-energy rays as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chopping blades have a receiving groove formed thereon, the blocking layer is laid and fixed in the receiving groove, the receiving groove is U-shaped, one side of the U-shape is fixed outside the center block, the other side of the U-shape is fixed in a reinforcing ring, and a plurality of arc-shaped blade grooves are formed in the reinforcing ring, the blade grooves axially penetrate the reinforcing ring, and both ends of the blade grooves extend to inner edges of two adjacent groups of chopping blades for passing a linear light source of a photovoltaic gate.

4. The chopper structure for high-energy rays of claim 1, wherein a receiving cavity is fixed on the chopper blade, and a barrier layer is encapsulated in the receiving cavity.

5. The chopper structure for high-energy radiation according to claim 4, wherein the vacant regions are provided with reinforcing portions for reinforcing connection between adjacent two sets of chopper blades.

6. The chopper structure for high-energy rays of claim 5, wherein the reinforcing part is a sector combined with the chopping blades to form a circular plate, an arc-shaped extension part extends outwards from the outer ends of the chopping blades in the radial direction, the arc length of the extension part is the same as that of the two ends of the edge of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity, and a cross beam abutting and limited at the end part of the accommodating cavity is fixed on the extension part.

7. The chopper structure for high-energy rays according to claim 6, wherein the top surface of the cross member is of a ramp type sloping downward from the center of the chopping blade toward the edge of the chopping blade or is disposed in parallel with the chopping blade.

8. The chopper structure for high-energy rays according to claim 3, wherein the material of the chopping blades and the reinforcing ring is stainless steel, spring steel, aluminum, copper, plastic or polytetrafluoroethylene polymer.

9. The chopper structure for high-energy rays according to claim 7, wherein the material of the reinforcing portion and the housing cavity is stainless steel, spring steel, aluminum, copper, plastic, or polytetrafluoroethylene polymer.

10. A pulse modulation device for high energy radiation, comprising:

a chopper plate structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;

the chopping seat comprises a base, a support, a blade connecting piece and a photoelectric door, the blade connecting piece is fixed on the base through the support, the center block is rotatably connected in the blade connecting piece and is in driving connection with a rotating shaft of the rotary driving part, and the base is provided with a rotating frequency used for measuring the chopping blades.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mechanical modulation optical chopper, in particular to a pulse modulation device for high-energy rays and a chopper structure.

Background

The optical chopper is a device capable of modulating continuous light into pulsed light, and the principle is as follows: continuous light is passed for a certain time and is not passed for another time, and the continuous light is cut into pulsed light in this way. Parameters such as average light intensity, pulse duration and pulse interval after light wave modulation can be determined by determining the time when light passes and the time when light does not pass and the chopping frequency of the chopper. Such devices are widely used in laser modulation systems, measurement systems or laser processing systems. Modulation of high-energy radiation (e.g., X-rays) can be classified into mechanical modulation, analog modulation, and digital modulation. The analog modulation method has the defects of low modulation precision and incapability of accurately reflecting the arrival time of photons. The digital modulation method has the defects of high difficulty in development and realization and high requirements on process level. Compared with analog modulation and digital modulation, the mechanical modulation has the advantages that the pulse modulation of X rays is carried out in a mode of shielding by a mechanical structure, the realization difficulty is low, and the modulation mode is convenient. However, in the prior art, an optical chopper is generally used for modulating visible light and near infrared light, and has no modulation function for X-rays. Although modulation of continuous high-energy radiation into pulsed light can be realized in principle by means of conventional mechanical shielding (e.g., chopper), modulation cannot be performed using conventional materials for high-energy radiation having extremely high penetration characteristics, such as X-rays.

An optical chopper, an optical modulation system and a method for performing optical modulation (publication No. CN106291916B) are disclosed, wherein the optical chopper comprises: a fixing member having a circumferential surface; the plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface at intervals and are provided with first surfaces facing the incident direction of the light; and the reflecting layer covers the first surface of the protrusion. According to the technical scheme, the reflecting layers are arranged on the surfaces of the plurality of bulges on the peripheral surface of the fixing piece. The invention utilizes the reflection principle, when the light modulation is carried out, the reflection layer on the surface of the bulge reflects most of light energy, and the energy absorbed by the bulge can be effectively reduced. Under the condition of high-power illumination, the energy absorbed by the protrusions is reduced, and the protrusions can be effectively protected from being burnt out, so that the phenomenon that the optical chopper is damaged is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pulse modulation device and a chopper blade structure for high-energy rays, which realize intermittent chopping of high-energy rays in a mode of combining a chopper blade with a metal material with the function of shielding the high-energy rays or a material for preventing penetrating radiation by using a barrier layer, can overcome the defects that the blade is easy to deform and break in the high-speed rotation process because the metal material with the function of shielding the high-energy rays or the material for preventing penetrating radiation is soft when the metal material with the function of shielding the high-energy rays or the material for preventing penetrating radiation is used as the chopper blade, and can also consider the thickness of the chopper blade, so that the chopper blade can accurately chop a focus under the relatively thin condition, and realize the control of modulation waveforms.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a be used for high energy ray chopper structure, includes around the even sectorial chopping blade of fixed multiunit of encircleing of centre block, is provided with the barrier layer that is used for blockking high energy ray on the chopping blade, and is equipped with the vacant area that is used for through high energy ray between the adjacent chopping blade, and the barrier layer adopts the metal material that has shielding high energy ray effect or the material of anti-penetrability radiation.

Preferably, the metal material with the function of shielding high-energy rays can be lead and tantalum, and the material for preventing penetrating radiation can be lead-containing glass, rubber, graphite, modified polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride.

Preferably, a holding tank has been seted up on the chopper blade, the barrier layer is laid and is fixed in the holding tank, the holding tank is the U-shaped, and one side of its U-shaped is fixed outside the centre block, the opposite side is fixed in one and is reinforced the circle in, and be provided with the curved blade groove of multiunit on the reinforced circle, the blade groove runs through reinforced circle along the axial, and the both ends in blade groove extend to the inboard edge of adjacent two sets of chopper blades, a linear light source for supplying the photogate passes through, and reinforced circle's setting, be equipped with evenly distributed's chopper blade outside the centre block, also solved chopper blade edge because the reason that the thickness is thinner, the deflection easily appears when in-service processing and use, and lead to the not enough accurate or frequency drift scheduling problem of photogate measured frequency.

Preferably, the chopping blades are fixedly provided with accommodating cavities, and barrier layers are packaged in the accommodating cavities.

Preferably, the vacant areas are provided with reinforcing portions for reinforcing the connection between the adjacent two sets of chopper blades.

Preferably, the reinforcing part is in the shape of a sector of a circular plate formed by combining with the chopping blades, an arc-shaped extension part extends outwards from the outer end of each chopping blade along the radial direction, the arc length of each extension part is the same as that of the two ends of the edge of the inner cavity of the accommodating cavity, and a cross beam which is abutted and limited at the end part of the accommodating cavity is fixed on each extension part.

Preferably, the top surface of the cross member is of a ramp type sloping downward from the center of the chopping blade toward the edge of the chopping blade or is disposed in parallel with the chopping blade.

Preferably, the material of the chopping blades and the reinforcing ring can be stainless steel, spring steel, aluminum, copper, plastic or polytetrafluoroethylene polymer.

Preferably, the material of the reinforcing part and the accommodating cavity can be stainless steel, spring steel, aluminum, copper, plastic or polytetrafluoroethylene polymer.

Based on pulse modulation device of a chopper structure for high energy ray above-mentioned, include:

the chopper structure is as above, and the chopper structure is used for high-energy rays;

chopping seat, chopping seat include base, support, blade connecting piece and photogate, are fixed with the blade connecting piece through the support on the base, and the centre block rotates to be connected in the blade connecting piece, and is connected with the rotation axis drive of rotary driving portion, installs then on the base and is used for measuring the rotational frequency of chopping blade.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the edges of the chopping blades are fixed through the cross beams or the reinforcing rings, so that the deformation caused by the thinner thickness of the chopping blades can be effectively improved, and the problems of inaccurate measurement frequency or frequency drift of a photoelectric gate and the like caused by the thinner edges of the chopping blades are further avoided;

2. the chopping blade has the advantages that the metal material for shielding high-energy rays and the material for preventing penetrating radiation are placed in the U-shaped containing groove of the chopping blade to serve as the barrier layer, so that the defects that the metal material for shielding high-energy rays and the material for preventing penetrating radiation are soft in texture and not easy to be made into the blocking blade can be effectively overcome, the chopping blade is enabled to have stable thickness to block the high-energy rays, and the blocking failure phenomenon caused by the deformation of the metal material for shielding high-energy rays and the material for preventing penetrating radiation can be avoided;

3. compared with a traditional optical modulator, the X-ray optical chopper adopts special chopping blades rotating at a high speed, and the chopping frequency of the corresponding high-energy rays can be between 1 KHz and 10KHz because the number of the grooves can be selected from various types. The modulation precision of the adjustable chopper can be improved by adjusting the number and the proportion of the blocking layers and the vacant areas, and chopping is performed by selecting chopping blades with various groove ratios, so that the problem of high X-ray penetrability can be effectively solved, and the modulator is not easily damaged by high optical power;

4. the high-energy ray blocking and adjusting device is simple in structure, small in size, space-saving and low in construction cost, and meanwhile, the blocking effect of high-energy rays is guaranteed due to the selection of the blocking material, so that the high-energy ray blocking and adjusting device is high in reliability and low in construction cost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in example 2;

notation in the figure: 1 is the centre block, 2 is the chopping blade, 3 is the vacant district, 4 is the holding tank, 5 is the reinforcing ring, 6 is the blade groove, 7 is the rib, 8 is for holding the chamber, 9 is the extension, 10 is the crossbeam.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a structural schematic diagram of a chopper structure for high-energy rays includes, in this embodiment, a plurality of groups of fan-shaped chopper blades 2 fixed around a center block 1, a blocking layer for blocking high-energy rays is provided on the chopper blades 2, a vacant region 3 for passing through high-energy rays is provided between adjacent chopper blades 2, the blocking layer is made of a metal material having a function of shielding high-energy rays and a material for preventing penetrating radiation, and the blocking layer used in this embodiment is a lead material layer.

A holding tank 4 is arranged on the chopping blade 2, and the lead material layer is laid and fixed in the holding tank 4.

Holding tank 4 is the U-shaped, and one side of its U-shaped is fixed outside central block 1, the opposite side is fixed in one reinforcing ring 5, and be provided with multiunit curved blade groove 6 on the reinforcing ring 5, blade groove 6 runs through reinforcing ring 5 along the axial, and the both ends of blade groove 6 extend to the inboard edge of two sets of chopping blade 2 adjacent, a linear light source for supplying the photogate passes through, and reinforcing ring 5's setting, be equipped with evenly distributed chopping blade 2 outside central block 1, also solved chopping blade 2 edge because thickness reason thinner, the deflection easily appears when actual processing and use, and lead to the not enough accuracy of photogate measured frequency or frequency drift scheduling problem.

The material of the chopping blades 2 and the reinforcing ring 5 can be stainless steel, spring steel, aluminum, copper, plastic or polytetrafluoroethylene polymer.

Based on pulse modulation device of a chopper structure for high energy ray above-mentioned, include:

the chopper structure is as above, and the chopper structure is used for high-energy rays;

chopping seat, chopping seat include base, support, blade connecting piece and photogate, are fixed with the blade connecting piece through the support on the base, and centre block 1 rotates to be connected in the blade connecting piece, and is connected with the rotation axis drive of rotary driving portion, installs then on the base and is used for measuring chopping blade 2's rotational frequency.

The rotation driving part can use the motor and the mainframe box to carry out chopping testing, the mainframe box is an electronic control system and comprises a display interface, the motor, a central control module and an operation panel, the motor drives the chopping blades 2 to rotate around a central shaft where the central block 1 is located under the driving of the motor of the mainframe box, the motor serves as a stable frequency source to provide stable frequency driving for the chopping blades 2, the voltage at two ends of the motor can be changed, the rotation speed of the motor can be changed, the rated voltage range of the motor is 0-12V, the voltage conforming to polarity can enable the motor to rotate, the rotation speed of the motor and the voltage value form a certain proportional relation, the larger the control voltage is, the faster the motor speed is.

The central control module is responsible for sending out corresponding control signals and controlling the motor to rotate by a specific angle;

the motor is driven to rotate according to a control signal sent by the central control module, and for convenience of description, a stepping motor is used as the driving motor in the embodiment, but the invention is not limited to use of the stepping motor; the stepping motor directly drives the chopping blades 2 with fixed duty ratios to rotate, for convenience of description, the chopping blades 2 with fixed duty ratios in the embodiment have 6 blades, the opening angle of each blade is 30 degrees, and the opening angle of a gap between the two blades is also 30 degrees, but the invention is not limited to the use of the chopping blades 2;

the operation panel controls and sets the function of the chopper through the liquid crystal display, and the function can be realized through rotating and pressing operation by matching with a control knob of the front panel;

from the aspect of frequency control, two photoelectric gates are arranged on a circuit for controlling the motor, the rotation frequency of the chopping blades 2 can be detected, one end of each photoelectric gate is a linear light source, the other end of each photoelectric gate is a photoresistor, when light penetrates through the blade groove 6 and strikes the photoresistor, the output end of each photoelectric gate is at a low level, and when the light is blocked by the rotating chopping blade structure, the photoelectric gate outputs a high level. The output signal of the photoelectric gate is inverted after passing through the single-path Schmidt trigger phase inverter gate and is transmitted back to the mainframe box as a feedback signal. When the blade rotates stably, the output voltage waveform of the photoelectric gate is a regular square wave.

The frequency of the output signal of the photoelectric gate is the rotation frequency of the chopping blade 2, the signal is transmitted back to the main control chip, the rotation speed of the motor can be obtained by measuring the frequency, the frequency measurement of the electric signal is realized by using a timing counter, two timing counters are used, the T1 counter is used for counting the number of pulses, the rising edge or the falling edge of the output signal is used as a clock source, and the interruption is generated when the number n is counted, so that the motor frequency feedback signal is connected to the input port of the T1 external counter of the main control chip, the T2 is used as a timer, when the T1 starts the number of pulses, the T2 also starts timing at the same time, when the number n is counted, the T1 generates the interruption, and at the time used for counting the n pulses by using the T2, so that the time of each pulse can be calculated, and the rotation frequency of the motor can be obtained.

As shown in fig. 1, the chopper blade 2 is a fixed duty ratio blade having 6 blades in total, and its thickness is set to X mm. In order to avoid the influence of centrifugation on the chopper during rotation, the chopping blade 2 is not too heavy, so the thickness of the chopping blade 2 needs to be reduced as much as possible, meanwhile, due to the characteristic of the texture of the lead material layer, the blade can be deformed due to the excessively small thickness of the main material directly used as the blade, so the lead material layer cannot be used, in the solution, a material accommodating groove 4 with the depth of X/2 mm is formed in each blade, the lead barrier layer is fixed in the barrier layer blade through the accommodating groove 4, and the material accommodating groove 4 is a fan-shaped groove.

The chopping blades 2 are mounted at the support through blade connecting pieces, high-energy rays are modulated through the lead barrier layers, the blocking of the high-energy rays is adjustable, and the blocking duty ratio of the chopping plate is controlled by whether each blade contains the barrier layer or not.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, a structural schematic diagram of a chopper structure for high-energy rays includes, in this embodiment, a plurality of groups of fan-shaped chopper blades 2 fixed around a center block 1, a blocking layer for blocking high-energy rays is provided on the chopper blades 2, a vacant region 3 for passing through high-energy rays is provided between adjacent chopper blades 2, the blocking layer is made of a metal material having a function of shielding high-energy rays and a material for preventing penetrating radiation, and the blocking layer used in this embodiment is a lead material layer.

The vacant areas 3 are provided with reinforcement portions 7 for reinforcing the connection between the adjacent two sets of chopper blades 2. Be fixed with on the chopping blade 2 and hold chamber 8, hold and be equipped with the above-mentioned barrier layer for the lead material layer in the chamber 8 to make the barrier layer material change fixedly, the effective inner chamber border of blocking the scope for holding the chamber of chopping blade.

The strengthening part 7 is in the shape of a sector of a circular plate formed by combining with the chopping blades 2, an arc-shaped extension part 9 extends outwards from the outer end of the chopping blades 2 along the radial direction, the arc length of the extension part 9 is the same as that of two ends of the edge of an inner cavity containing the cavity 8, and a cross beam 10 which is abutted and limited at the end part of the containing cavity 8 is fixed on the extension part 9. The top surface of the beam 10 is of a slope type which is inclined downwards from the center of the chopping blade 2 to the edge of the chopping blade 2 or is arranged in parallel with the chopping blade 2, and the materials of the reinforcing part 7 and the accommodating cavity 8 can be stainless steel, spring steel, aluminum, copper, plastic or polytetrafluoroethylene polymer.

Wherein, hold chamber 8 and need encapsulate after lead material layer laminating, with the help of the softer characteristics of lead material texture, make and hold the layer packing tighter, block the effect better. Fig. 2 shows that the width of the edge extension part 9 of the chopping blade 2 is consistent with that of the inner cavity edge of the accommodating cavity 8, so that the frequency measurement of the edge extension part 9 of the chopping blade 2 is carried out through the photoelectric gate, and meanwhile, the high-energy ray blocking time is ensured to be consistent with that of the photoelectric gate. The edges of the chopping blades 2 are easy to deflect during actual processing and use due to the fact that the thickness of the chopping blades is small, and therefore the chopping blades are reinforced by the cross beams 10 from the outer edges of the accommodating cavities 8 to the edges of the blades. The cross beams 10 are symmetrically distributed on each fan blade.

When the fan-shaped sliding chute is installed, the lead barrier layer is arranged on the fan-shaped sliding chute of the fan blade, and the tail part of the fan blade is fixed to prevent the lead barrier layer from sliding out of the fan-shaped sliding chute; when the motor is driven and started, the high-energy ray chopper controls the passing or shielding of high-energy rays through the lead layer barrier layer, so that continuous high-energy ray signals are adjusted into discontinuous high-energy ray signals. As the blades rotate, the high energy rays are blocked by the blades or pass through gaps of adjacent blades, thereby forming pulsed rays. Meanwhile, the lead barrier layer is positioned on the same side or different sides by controlling the duty ratio of the lead barrier layer, so that the modulation effect of the adjustable chopper can be more accurately adjusted.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.