阅读说明：本技术 基于氢能的风-火耦合冷热电联供系统 (Wind-fire coupling cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on hydrogen energy ) 是由 韩子娇 高玲玉 李正文 董鹤楠 袁铁江 陈晓东 葛延峰 王印 王亮 刘凯 唱一鸣 于 2021-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于氢能的风-火耦合冷热电联供系统,包括风-火耦合发电系统、氢能系统、热能利用系统。风-火耦合发电系统的风力发电系统、火力发电系统,二者汇聚于同一交流母线供给电负荷；氢能系统包括电解水制氢系统、高温燃料电池系统、储氢罐。当风电产生富余且火电机组无法下调时,电解水制氢系统利用多余电能制取氢气,并存储于储氢罐。当电能不足时,高温燃料电池系统利用储氢罐内氢气发电,供给电负荷；热能利用系统的余热锅炉用于接收高温燃料电池的换热器流出的余热,一部分通入火电机组的汽轮机,一部分通入制冷机组,其余通入热交换器。本发明的热能利用部分具有一定的创新性,极大提高了能源利用率。(A wind-fire coupling cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on hydrogen energy comprises a wind-fire coupling power generation system, a hydrogen energy system and a heat energy utilization system. The wind power generation system and the thermal power generation system of the wind-fire coupling power generation system are converged on the same alternating current bus to supply power loads; the hydrogen energy system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a high-temperature fuel cell system and a hydrogen storage tank. When the wind power is surplus and the thermal power generating unit cannot be adjusted downwards, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system utilizes the surplus electric energy to produce hydrogen and stores the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank. When the electric energy is insufficient, the high-temperature fuel cell system generates electricity by utilizing the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to supply an electric load; the waste heat boiler of the heat energy utilization system is used for receiving waste heat flowing out of a heat exchanger of the high-temperature fuel cell, one part of the waste heat is introduced into a steam turbine of the thermal power generating unit, one part of the waste heat is introduced into the refrigerating unit, and the rest of the waste heat is introduced into the heat exchanger. The heat energy utilization part of the invention has certain innovativeness, and the energy utilization rate is greatly improved.)

1. A combined cooling heating and power system based on wind-fire coupling of hydrogen energy, characterized in that the system comprises: the system comprises a wind-fire coupling power generation system, a hydrogen energy system and a heat energy utilization system; the thermal power generating unit and the wind power generating unit are converged on the same alternating current bus together and used for supplying electric loads; the hydrogen energy system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a high-temperature fuel cell system and a hydrogen storage tank; when the wind power generates surplus and the thermal power generating unit cannot be adjusted downwards, the surplus electric energy is introduced into the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and the electric energy is converted into hydrogen through the electrolytic cell; a portion of the hydrogen produced is injected by transport into the natural gas pipeline for supply to the gas load; injecting the other part of hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank; when the load is large, the high-temperature fuel cell utilizes the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank to generate electricity and surf the internet, so that the peak regulation pressure of the thermal power generating unit is relieved; the heat energy utilization system comprises a waste heat boiler, an absorption refrigerator and a heat exchanger; high-temperature tail gas and residual raw gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell are fully combusted through the afterburner, air and hydrogen of the galvanic pile are introduced, the high-temperature tail gas generated after combustion is preheated through the heat exchanger and then enters the waste heat boiler to be converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam, one part of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into a steam turbine intermediate stage of the thermal power generating unit, the other part of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into the refrigerating unit to supply cold load, and the rest of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into the heat exchanger to supply heat load.

2. The combined cooling heating and power system based on hydrogen energy of claim 1, wherein the wind power generation system of the wind-fire coupled power generation system comprises a wind turbine generator, a power converter AC/AC and a step-up transformer; the three core devices of the thermal power generating set comprise a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the steam turbine provides starting heat energy for a solid oxide fuel cell, the fuel cell provides abundant steam for the steam turbine, and the use of coal in the boiler is reduced under the condition of ensuring sufficient electric power; the steam turbine is connected with the fuel cell through a pipeline and a valve, and the mutual utilization of heat energy is realized through temperature control.

3. The combined cooling, heating and power system based on wind-fire coupling of hydrogen energy of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production system by water electrolysis in the hydrogen energy system comprises an alkaline electrolyzer, a cooler, a hydrogen separator, an oxygen separator, a circulating pump, a filter and a purification system; the input port of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is connected with the AC bus of the regional power system, and the output port of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is connected with the hydrogen storage device, so that hydrogen is conveyed to the high-temperature fuel cell system; when the power required by the power grid is increased and the electric energy provided by renewable energy sources and thermal power generating units is limited, the stored hydrogen and oxygen are delivered to a high-temperature fuel cell system through a compressor, energy conversion is carried out through a fuel cell, the electric energy is provided for the power grid, and the power balance between the power grid and the system is ensured;

the high-temperature fuel cell system comprises a heat exchanger, a solid oxide fuel cell and a post-combustion chamber; the input end of the high-temperature fuel cell system is connected with the hydrogen storage device and the air input device, and the output end of the high-temperature fuel cell system is connected with the power converter so as to transmit alternating current to a power grid; high-temperature waste gas generated by the post-combustion chamber is firstly input into gas for heat exchange, the rest medium-low temperature waste gas is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam through a waste heat boiler, one part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is directly used for supplying heat load, and one part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is introduced into a steam turbine to assist the thermal power generating unit to generate electricity; the solid oxide fuel cell is preheated by high-temperature steam of the thermal power generating unit before being started, so that the starting pressure of the high-temperature fuel cell can be effectively relieved.

4. The combined cooling heating and power system based on hydrogen energy of claim 1, wherein the heat energy utilization system in the hydrogen energy system comprises a waste heat boiler, an absorption refrigerator and a heat exchanger; the waste heat boiler comprises six circulation loops, and each circulation loop consists of a downcomer and an upcomer; the waste heat boiler is used for converting high-temperature waste gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell into high-temperature high-pressure steam; the absorption refrigerator comprises a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a circulating pump and a throttle valve, and is used for exchanging heat and supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to a cold load; the first heat exchanger (1) is used for preheating air, hydrogen at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and waste gas generated by the post-combustion chamber, and the second heat exchanger (2) is used for supplying heat load.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wind-fire coupling cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on hydrogen energy.

Background

With the accelerated progress of energy revolution, new energy will grow explosively, but due to the influence of traditional power generation energy, thermal power generation is still the main factor at present. However, new energy such as wind power and the like has the characteristics of intermittence, volatility and the like, and after the new energy is added into a power system, the new energy has a large influence on the operation of the traditional thermal power generating unit, and particularly has higher requirements on peak regulation. How to ensure the good operation of the thermal power generating unit and realize the great consumption of new energy becomes a subject of concern at home and abroad. As an energy storage mode, the hydrogen energy system has the characteristics of large-scale storage, cross-season storage, cleanness and the like, and meets the requirements of resources, environment and sustainable development. A multi-energy coupling system based on hydrogen energy becomes an ideal system at present.

At present, scholars at home and abroad have conducted considerable research on the optimal design of a new energy power generation and hydrogen production system, for example, aiming at high-proportion renewable energy consumption, establishing an energy system which takes electricity and hydrogen as energy carriers and satisfies various loads such as electricity and hydrogen, and describing the structure of the electricity and hydrogen energy system by an electric energy subsystem, a hydrogen energy subsystem and various load distributions, but do not consider the supply of cold and heat loads. For example, elements such as photovoltaic, battery energy storage system, electrolyzer and fuel cell are connected by a direct current bus to construct a photovoltaic/electrolyzer/fuel cell hybrid system for supplying power, heat and cold, but the recycling of waste heat in the system is not considered. For example, hydrogen energy-based hybrid energy systems have various structural schemes, hydrogen is produced by electrolysis after power generation by solar energy, wind energy, natural gas and the like, certain electric, thermal and gas loads are met, and the high-efficiency energy system is dedicated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a wind-fire coupling cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on hydrogen energy. The invention utilizes redundant wind power to produce hydrogen, and introduces hydrogen into a natural gas pipeline to supply gas load and partially store the hydrogen in a hydrogen storage tank, a high-temperature fuel cell utilizes the stored hydrogen to generate power and surf the net, the high-temperature fuel cell assists the thermal power generating unit to carry out deep peak shaving, one part of high-temperature waste heat generated by the high-temperature fuel cell is introduced into a steam turbine to reduce the use of coal, and the other part of the high-temperature waste heat is supplied to cold and heat loads. The invention greatly improves the energy utilization efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a wind-fire coupling cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on hydrogen energy, which comprises: the system comprises a wind-fire coupling power generation system, a hydrogen energy system and a heat energy utilization system. The thermal power generating unit and the wind power generating unit are converged on the same alternating current bus together and used for supplying electric loads; the hydrogen energy system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a high-temperature fuel cell system and a hydrogen storage tank. When the wind power is surplus and the thermal power generating unit cannot be adjusted down, the surplus electric energy is introduced into the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and the electric energy is converted into hydrogen through the electrolytic cell. A portion of the hydrogen produced is injected by transport into the natural gas pipeline for supply to the gas load; the other part of the hydrogen gas is injected into the hydrogen storage tank. When the load is large, the high-temperature fuel cell utilizes the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank to generate electricity and surf the internet, so that the peak regulation pressure of the thermal power generating unit is relieved; the heat energy utilization system comprises a waste heat boiler, an absorption refrigerator and a heat exchanger. High-temperature tail gas and residual raw gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell are fully combusted through the afterburner, air and hydrogen of the galvanic pile are introduced, the high-temperature tail gas generated after combustion is preheated through the heat exchanger and then enters the waste heat boiler to be converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam, one part of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into a steam turbine intermediate stage of the thermal power generating unit, the other part of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into the refrigerating unit to supply cold load, and the rest of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into the heat exchanger to supply heat load.

In the wind-fire coupled power generation system, the wind power generation system comprises a wind turbine generator, a power converter AC/AC and a step-up transformer; the three core devices of the thermal power generating set comprise a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the steam turbine provides starting heat energy for the solid oxide fuel cell, and the fuel cell provides abundant steam for the steam turbine, so that the use of coal in the boiler is reduced under the condition of ensuring abundant electric power. The steam turbine is connected with the fuel cell through a pipeline and a valve, and the mutual utilization of heat energy is realized through temperature control.

The water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the hydrogen energy system comprises an alkaline electrolytic tank, a cooler, a hydrogen separator, an oxygen separator, a circulating pump, a filter and a purification system. The input port of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is connected with the AC bus of the regional power system, and the output port of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is connected with the hydrogen storage device, so that hydrogen is conveyed to the high-temperature fuel cell system. When the power required by the power grid is increased and the electric energy provided by renewable energy sources and thermal power generating units is limited, the stored hydrogen and oxygen are delivered to a high-temperature fuel cell system through a compressor, energy conversion is carried out through a fuel cell, the electric energy is provided for the power grid, and the power balance between the power grid and the system is ensured; the high-temperature fuel cell system comprises a heat exchanger, a solid oxide fuel cell and a post-combustion chamber. The input end of the high-temperature fuel cell system is connected with the hydrogen storage device and the air input device, and the output end of the high-temperature fuel cell system is connected with the power converter so as to transmit alternating current to a power grid; high-temperature waste gas generated by the post-combustion chamber is subjected to input gas heat exchange, the rest medium-low temperature waste gas is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam through a waste heat boiler, one part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is directly used for supplying heat load, and one part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is introduced into a steam turbine to assist the thermal power generating unit to generate electricity; the solid oxide fuel cell is preheated by high-temperature steam of the thermal power generating unit before being started, so that the starting pressure of the high-temperature fuel cell can be effectively relieved.

The heat energy utilization system comprises a waste heat boiler, an absorption refrigerator and a heat exchanger. The waste heat boiler comprises six circulation loops, each circulation loop consists of a descending pipe and an ascending pipe, and the waste heat boiler is used for converting high-temperature waste gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell into high-temperature high-pressure steam; the absorption refrigerator comprises a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a circulating pump and a throttle valve, and is used for exchanging heat and supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to a cold load; the first heat exchanger (1) is used for preheating air, hydrogen at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and waste gas generated by the post-combustion chamber, and the second heat exchanger (2) is used for supplying heat load.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind-fire coupled combined cooling, heating and power system based on hydrogen energy.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, the wind-fire coupled combined cooling, heating and power system based on hydrogen energy of the present invention includes: the system comprises a wind-fire coupling power generation system, a hydrogen energy system and a heat energy utilization system. The thermal power generating unit and the wind power generating unit are converged on the same alternating current bus together and used for supplying electric loads; the hydrogen energy system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a high-temperature fuel cell system and a hydrogen storage tank. When the wind power is surplus and the thermal power generating unit cannot be adjusted down, the surplus electric energy is introduced into the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and the electric energy is converted into hydrogen through the electrolytic cell. A portion of the hydrogen produced is injected by transport into the natural gas pipeline for supply to the gas load; the other part of the hydrogen gas is injected into the hydrogen storage tank. When the load is large, the high-temperature fuel cell utilizes the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank to generate electricity and surf the internet, so that the peak regulation pressure of the thermal power generating unit is relieved; the heat energy utilization system comprises a waste heat boiler, an absorption refrigerator and a heat exchanger. High-temperature tail gas and residual raw gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell are fully combusted through the afterburner, air and hydrogen of the galvanic pile are introduced, the high-temperature tail gas generated after combustion is preheated through the heat exchanger and then enters the waste heat boiler to be converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam, one part of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into a steam turbine intermediate stage of the thermal power generating unit, the other part of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into the refrigerating unit to supply cold load, and the rest of the high-temperature tail gas is introduced into the heat exchanger to supply heat load.

In the wind-fire coupled power generation system, the wind power generation system comprises a wind turbine generator, a power converter AC/AC and a step-up transformer; the three core devices of the thermal power generating set comprise a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the steam turbine provides starting heat energy for the solid oxide fuel cell, and the fuel cell provides abundant steam for the steam turbine, so that the use of coal in the boiler is reduced under the condition of ensuring abundant electric power. The steam turbine is connected with the fuel cell through a pipeline and a valve, and the mutual utilization of heat energy is realized through temperature control.

The water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the hydrogen energy system comprises an alkaline electrolytic tank, a cooler, a hydrogen separator, an oxygen separator, a circulating pump, a filter and a purification system. The input port of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is connected with the AC bus of the regional power system, and the output port of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is connected with the hydrogen storage device, so that hydrogen is conveyed to the high-temperature fuel cell system. When the power required by the power grid is increased and the electric energy provided by renewable energy sources and thermal power generating units is limited, the stored hydrogen and oxygen are delivered to a high-temperature fuel cell system through a compressor, energy conversion is carried out through a fuel cell, the electric energy is provided for the power grid, and the power balance between the power grid and the system is ensured; the high-temperature fuel cell system comprises a heat exchanger, a solid oxide fuel cell and a post-combustion chamber. The input end of the high-temperature fuel cell system is connected with the hydrogen storage device and the air input device, and the output end of the high-temperature fuel cell system is connected with the power converter so as to transmit alternating current to a power grid; high-temperature waste gas generated by the post-combustion chamber is subjected to input gas heat exchange, the rest medium-low temperature waste gas is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam through a waste heat boiler, one part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is directly used for supplying heat load, and one part of the high-temperature high-pressure steam is introduced into a steam turbine to assist the thermal power generating unit to generate electricity; the solid oxide fuel cell is preheated by high-temperature steam of the thermal power generating unit before being started, so that the starting pressure of the high-temperature fuel cell can be effectively relieved.

The heat energy utilization system comprises a waste heat boiler, an absorption refrigerator and a heat exchanger. The waste heat boiler comprises six circulation loops, each circulation loop consists of a descending pipe and an ascending pipe, and the waste heat boiler is used for converting high-temperature waste gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell into high-temperature high-pressure steam; the absorption refrigerator comprises a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a circulating pump and a throttle valve, and is used for exchanging heat and supplying high-temperature and high-pressure steam to a cold load; the first heat exchanger (1) is used for preheating air, hydrogen at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and waste gas generated by the post-combustion chamber, and the second heat exchanger (2) is used for supplying heat load.