阅读说明：本技术 一种岩石方形试样侧向不均匀变形的测量装置 (Measuring device for lateral non-uniform deformation of rock square sample ) 是由 高要辉 张淳 王克忠 赵宇飞 于 2021-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种岩石方形试样侧向不均匀变形的测量装置,包括至少一套测量单元,每个测量单元对应一个水平面,包括固定滑块、拉力装置以及位移测量机构,固定滑块为一L型结构,固定滑块的缺口卡在岩土试样的拐角处,并通过拉力装置顺次连接成一环抱在岩石试样测量平面外部的伸缩式抱紧支撑环体；拉力装置设置在相邻两固定滑块之间,包括拉簧和伸缩杆；位移测量机构设置在相邻两固定滑块之间,包括位移测定器和位移限定杆,位移测定器沿位移限定杆轴向布置,位移测定器的测量端安装在一侧的固定滑块上,位移测定器的连接端通过位移限定杆连接在另一侧的固定滑块上。本发明的有益效果：可在任意条件下测量岩石试样在任意平面的不同方向上的侧向不均匀变形。(A device for measuring lateral non-uniform deformation of a rock square sample comprises at least one set of measuring units, wherein each measuring unit corresponds to a horizontal plane and comprises a fixed sliding block, a tension device and a displacement measuring mechanism, the fixed sliding block is of an L-shaped structure, a gap of the fixed sliding block is clamped at the corner of the rock sample, and the fixed sliding block and the gap are sequentially connected into a telescopic holding support ring body which surrounds the outside of a rock sample measuring plane through the tension device; the tension device is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a tension spring and a telescopic rod; the displacement measuring mechanism is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a displacement measuring device and a displacement limiting rod, the displacement measuring device is axially arranged along the displacement limiting rod, the measuring end of the displacement measuring device is arranged on the fixed sliding block on one side, and the connecting end of the displacement measuring device is connected to the fixed sliding block on the other side through the displacement limiting rod. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the lateral non-uniform deformation of the rock sample in different directions of any plane can be measured under any condition.)

1. The utility model provides a square sample lateral non-uniform deformation's of rock measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises at least one set of measuring units, each measuring unit corresponds to a horizontal plane and comprises a fixed sliding block, a tension device and a displacement measuring mechanism, wherein the fixed sliding block is of an L-shaped structure, a gap of the fixed sliding block is clamped at a corner of a rock-soil sample and is sequentially connected into a telescopic holding support ring body which surrounds the outside of a measuring plane of the rock sample through the tension device; the tension device is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a tension spring and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod coaxially penetrates through the tension spring, and the end part of the telescopic rod and the end part of the tension spring are jointly connected to the two adjacent fixed sliding blocks; the displacement measuring mechanism is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a displacement determinator and a displacement limiting rod, the displacement determinator is axially arranged along the displacement limiting rod, a measuring end of the displacement determinator is detachably arranged on the fixed sliding block on one side, and a connecting end of the displacement determinator is connected to the fixed sliding block on the other side through the displacement limiting rod.

2. The device for measuring the lateral uneven deformation of the rock square sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed sliding block comprises a first fixed sliding block, a second fixed sliding block, a rotary bolt and a variable sliding sheet, and a sliding groove is formed in the end face, facing the second fixed sliding block, of the first fixed sliding block; the second fixed sliding block is provided with a threaded hole; the rotary bolt is arranged in the threaded hole in a penetrating mode and is in threaded connection with the threaded hole; the variable slip sheet is fixed on one side, facing the first fixed slide block, of the second fixed slide block through the rotating bolt, and the variable slip sheet is clamped in the sliding groove to achieve connection between the first fixed slide block and the second fixed slide block.

3. The device for measuring the lateral uneven deformation of the rock square sample as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and the inner end faces of the first fixed slide block and the second fixed slide block, which face the rock sample measuring plane, are respectively provided with a gasket which is directly contacted with the rock sample testing plane.

4. A device for measuring the lateral differential deformation of a rock square specimen as claimed in claim 3, wherein: spring hanging pins are arranged on the end faces of the first fixed sliding blocks and the second fixed sliding blocks, which are connected with the tension devices, and the tension springs are connected between the adjacent first fixed sliding blocks and the second fixed sliding blocks through the spring hanging pins.

5. A device for measuring the lateral differential deformation of a rock square specimen as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first end of the displacement limiting rod is inserted into the fastening lock hole of the first fixed sliding block, the testing end of the displacement measuring device is inserted into the fastening lock hole of the second fixed sliding block, and the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block are fixed through corresponding fastening screws; a displacement limiting ring is arranged at the second end of the displacement limiting rod; the connecting end of the displacement measuring device is fixedly connected with the displacement limiting ring through a second fastening screw.

6. The device for measuring the lateral uneven deformation of the rock square sample as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the displacement measurer comprises a dial indicator and an LVDT displacement sensor.

7. The device for measuring the lateral uneven deformation of the rock square sample as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the LVDT displacement sensor is characterized by further comprising a data processor, wherein a signal input end of the data processor is electrically connected with a signal output end of the dial indicator and a signal output end of the LVDT displacement sensor or is in wireless signal connection.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rock basic mechanical property tests, and relates to a device for measuring lateral non-uniform deformation of a rock square sample.

Background

The rock basic mechanical property test is the basis for researching various mechanical properties of the rock, wherein the rock deformation test and lateral deformation parameters of the rock are important links for representing the rock basic mechanical properties.

The measurement of the present lateral deformation data mainly focuses on the measurement of a cylindrical standard sample, and the measurement of the cylindrical sample mainly relates to the measurement accuracy problem of the circumferential non-uniform curved surface. In addition, the lateral deformation measuring method of the square sample is relatively rarely researched, the main method is a resistance strain gauge method, and the lateral deformation of the rock sample is measured through the resistance change of the resistance strain gauge, but the requirement of a tester is relatively high, and the strain gauge needs to be pasted every time the measurement is carried out; in the test process, the fracture of the rock sample can generate great influence on the strain gauge, so that more reliable data cannot be obtained. The current mainstream method aims at the horizontal plane of the lateral maximum deformation, and the non-uniform deformation of longitudinal planes and the integral influence of the lateral deformation cannot be considered.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device for measuring the lateral non-uniform deformation of a rock square sample, which can measure the lateral deformation of the square rock sample on each plane under most external conditions at any time. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient measuring procedure, quick installation, reusability and the like, and can meet the requirement of measuring the lateral non-uniform deformation of the rock sample in the rock mechanical property test under most conditions.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a square sample lateral non-uniform deformation's of rock measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises at least one set of measuring units, each measuring unit corresponds to a horizontal plane and comprises a fixed sliding block, a tension device and a displacement measuring mechanism, wherein the fixed sliding block is of an L-shaped structure, a gap of the fixed sliding block is clamped at a corner of a rock-soil sample and is sequentially connected into a telescopic holding support ring body which surrounds the outside of a measuring plane of the rock sample through the tension device; the tension device is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a tension spring and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is coaxially arranged in the tension spring in a penetrating mode, and the end portion of the telescopic rod and the end portion of the tension spring are jointly connected to the two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and used for guaranteeing that the fixed sliding blocks are tightly attached to the rock sample measuring plane and limiting the vertical displacement of the fixed sliding blocks; the displacement measuring mechanism is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a displacement determinator and a displacement limiting rod, the displacement determinator is axially arranged along the displacement limiting rod, a measuring end of the displacement determinator is detachably arranged on the fixed sliding block on one side, and a connecting end of the displacement determinator is connected to the fixed sliding block on the other side through the displacement limiting rod.

Furthermore, the fixed slide block comprises a first fixed slide block, a second fixed slide block, a rotary bolt and a variable slide sheet, and a sliding groove is formed in the end face, facing the second fixed slide block, of the first fixed slide block; the second fixed sliding block is provided with a threaded hole; the rotary bolt is arranged in the threaded hole in a penetrating mode and is in threaded connection with the threaded hole; the variable slip sheet is fixed on one side, facing the first fixed slide block, of the second fixed slide block through the rotating bolt, and the variable slip sheet is clamped in the sliding groove to achieve connection between the first fixed slide block and the second fixed slide block.

Furthermore, gaskets which are used for being directly contacted with the rock sample testing plane are additionally arranged on the inner end faces, facing the rock sample measuring plane, of the first fixed slide block and the second fixed slide block.

And further, spring hanging pins are arranged on the end faces of the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block, which are connected with the tension device, and the tension spring is connected between the adjacent first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block through the spring hanging pins.

Furthermore, fastening lock holes are formed in the end surfaces of the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block, which are connected with the displacement measuring mechanism, the first end of the displacement limiting rod is inserted into the fastening lock holes of the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block, which are adjacent to each other, the testing end of the displacement measuring device is inserted into the fastening lock holes of the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block, and the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block are fixed through corresponding fastening screws; a displacement limiting ring is arranged at the second end of the displacement limiting rod; the connecting end of the displacement measuring device is fixedly connected with the displacement limiting ring through a second fastening screw.

Further, the displacement measurer comprises a dial indicator and an LVDT displacement sensor.

Furthermore, the invention also comprises a data processor, wherein the signal input end of the data processor is electrically connected with the signal output end of the dial indicator and the signal output end of the LVDT displacement sensor or is in wireless signal connection.

Furthermore, spring hanging pins are arranged on the end faces of the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block, and the tension spring is connected between the two adjacent fixed sliding blocks through the spring hanging pins.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the lateral deformation measuring device for the rock square sample can measure the lateral non-uniform deformation of the rock sample in different directions of any plane under any condition, has the advantages of simple and convenient measuring procedure, quick installation, reusability and the like, and can meet the requirement of measuring the lateral non-uniform deformation of the rock sample in a rock mechanical property test under different conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (F represents the force application direction);

FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single measurement unit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing the construction of a second fixed slider according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of a first fixed slider according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of a displacement limiting ring of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the rotating bolt and the variable slide of the present invention;

in the figure, 1-fixed slide block, 11-first fixed slide block, 111-sliding chute, 12-second fixed slide block, 13-rotating bolt, 14-variable sliding sheet, 15-gasket, 16-spring hanging pin, 17-fastening lock hole, 18-fastening screw; 2-a tension device, 21-a tension spring, 22-a telescopic rod; 3, a displacement measuring mechanism, 31, a dial indicator, 32, an LVDT displacement sensor, 33, a displacement limiting rod, 34, a displacement limiting ring and 341, a locking bolt; 4-rock sample.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the device for measuring lateral non-uniform deformation of a rock square sample comprises three sets of measuring units, each measuring unit corresponds to a horizontal plane, and comprises 4 fixed sliding blocks 1, 4 sets of tension devices 2 and 4 sets of displacement measuring mechanisms 3, wherein each fixed sliding block 1 is of an L-shaped structure, gaps of each fixed sliding block 1 are clamped at four corners of the rock sample 4, and the fixed sliding blocks are sequentially connected into a telescopic clasping support ring body which is clasping outside the measuring plane of the rock sample 4 through the tension devices 2; the tension device 2 is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks and comprises a tension spring 21 and an expansion link 22, the expansion link 22 is coaxially arranged in the tension spring 21 in a penetrating manner, and the end part of the expansion link 22 and the end part of the tension spring 21 are jointly connected to the two adjacent fixed sliding blocks 1 and used for ensuring that the fixed sliding blocks 1 are tightly attached to the measuring plane of the rock sample 4 and simultaneously limiting the vertical displacement of the fixed sliding blocks; the displacement measuring mechanism 3 is arranged between two adjacent fixed sliding blocks 1 and comprises a displacement measuring device and a displacement limiting rod 33, the displacement measuring device is axially arranged along the displacement limiting rod 33, the measuring end of the displacement measuring device is detachably arranged on the fixed sliding block on one side, and the connecting end of the displacement measuring device is connected to the fixed sliding block on the other side through the displacement limiting rod.

The fixed sliding block 1 comprises a first fixed sliding block 11, a second fixed sliding block 12, a rotating bolt 13 and a variable sliding piece 14, wherein the first fixed sliding block 11 and the second fixed sliding block are rectangular blocks, and the length of the first fixed sliding block 11 is smaller than that of the second fixed sliding block; a sliding groove 111 is arranged on the end surface of the first fixed sliding block 11 facing the second fixed sliding block 12; a threaded hole is formed in the second fixed sliding block 12; the rotary bolt 13 is arranged in the threaded hole in a penetrating mode and is in threaded connection with the threaded hole; the variable sliding piece 14 is fixed on one side of the second fixed sliding block 12 facing the first fixed sliding block 11 through the rotating bolt 13, and the variable sliding piece 14 is clamped in the sliding groove 111 to realize connection between the first fixed sliding block 11 and the second fixed sliding block 12. The variable slip sheet 14 is fastened and connected with the rotating bolt 13, and is subjected to polishing, sanding and lubricating treatment, so that the influence of friction force in the connection process is reduced. During the installation of the device, the variable slide 14 is inserted into the slide groove 111, moved according to the condition of the rock sample and the connection condition in the other directions, and fixed by the rotation bolt 13.

The sliding groove 111 and the variable sliding piece 14 can limit the relative position of the first fixed sliding block 11 and the second fixed sliding block 12, and the four groups of fixed sliding blocks 1 are fixed together in the same horizontal plane by the pulling force generated by the tension spring 21.

The inner end faces, facing the rock sample measuring plane, of the first fixed slide block 11 and the second fixed slide block 12 are respectively and additionally provided with a gasket 15 which is used for being directly contacted with the rock sample measuring plane, the gasket 15 preferably adopts a support with better elastic performance, and meanwhile, resistance-increasing sand blasting treatment is carried out on the contact surface of the gasket 15 and the rock sample 4, so that the friction force between the gasket and the surface of the sample is improved.

The fixed sliding block 1 is mainly fixed on the rock sample 4 through the tension provided by the tension spring 21, and cannot generate large influence on the lateral deformation of the rock sample 4 in the loading process, the telescopic rod 22 can generate corresponding deformation according to the change of the tension spring 21, the change of the telescopic rod is mainly positioned on a deformation mechanism in the middle of the telescopic rod 22, and two ends of the telescopic rod 22 are fixedly connected with the fixed sliding block 1; spring hanging pins 16 are arranged on the end faces of the first fixed sliding block 11 and the second fixed sliding block 12, which are connected with the tension device 2, and the tension spring 21 is connected between the adjacent first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block through the spring hanging pins 16.

Fastening lock holes 17 are formed in the end surfaces of the first fixed sliding block 11 and the second fixed sliding block 12, which are connected with the displacement measuring mechanism, the first end of the displacement limiting rod 33 is inserted, the testing end of the displacement measuring device is inserted into the fastening lock holes 17 of the adjacent first fixed sliding block 11 and the second fixed sliding block 12 respectively, and the first fixed sliding block and the second fixed sliding block are fixed through corresponding fastening screws 18; a displacement limiting ring 34 with a larger radius (the radius is about 2 times that of the displacement limiting rod) is arranged at the second end of the displacement limiting rod 33 and used for fixing the displacement of the measuring device; the connection end of the displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the displacement limiting ring 34 by means of a corresponding fastening screw 18.

The four sets of displacement measuring mechanisms 3 correspond to four directions respectively and are used for measuring the deformation of the lateral displacement of the rock-soil sample; the displacement measuring mechanism 3 adopts an integral detachable structure and can be repeatedly used in different lateral measuring tests.

The displacement measurer comprises a dial indicator 31 and an LVDT displacement sensor 322, wherein the dial indicator 31 preferably adopts an electronic dial indicator which has a digital display function, can display measured data in real time, can automatically record and store the data and is convenient to clear. The dial indicator 31 and the LVDT displacement sensor 322 are in signal connection with an external controller, and real-time data recording can be achieved. One side of the dial indicator 31 and the LVDT displacement sensor 322 is directly connected with the fixed sliding block 1 through the fastening lock hole 17, and the other side is connected with the fixed sliding block on the other side through the displacement limiting ring 34 and the displacement limiting rod 33 to jointly serve as a displacement measuring mechanism 3. The displacement measuring device is parallel to the displacement limiting rod 33 and deforms only when lateral displacement measurement is carried out.

The fixed sliding block 1 is externally provided with a fixed bolt, and after the tension spring and the fixed sliding block jointly fix the measuring device on a sample, the position stability of the measuring device can be ensured through the fixed bolt.

A locking bolt 341 is provided in the radial direction of the displacement restricting ring 34.

The fixed sliding block 1 is fixedly connected with other devices, and the fixed connection comprises a fixed lock hole 17 and a fastening bolt 18; the fixed lock hole 17 is installed in the first fixed slide block 11 and the second fixed slide block 12, and the displacement measuring mechanism 3 and the tension device 2 are fixed on the fixed slide block 1 in advance through the fixed bolt 18.

The invention also comprises a data processor, wherein the signal input end of the data processor is electrically connected with the signal output end of the dial indicator 31 and the signal output end of the LVDT displacement sensor 322 or wirelessly connected with signals.

Example 2 an embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 3 sets of measurement units are installed, and each measurement unit is installed on a plane to be measured according to measurement requirements. Taking one measuring unit as an example, the installation process of each measuring unit is described in detail. Each measuring unit is installed on four sides of a rock sample, the measuring unit is installed along the clockwise direction or the anticlockwise direction of the rock sample through the first fixed slide block 11 and the second fixed slide block 12 of the fixed slide block 1, and the measuring unit is fixed in a horizontal plane to be measured through the tension device 2 in each measuring direction. A gasket 15 is arranged between the rock sample 4 and the fixed sliding block 1, so that the influence of the measuring unit on the deformation of the rock sample can be limited, and meanwhile, the friction force is improved in a sand blasting resistance increasing mode, so that the measuring unit is fixed; the displacement limiting rod 33 adopts a hollow structure, so that the integral dead weight of the device is reduced; the fixed lock hole 17 is subjected to polishing and resistance reduction treatment before manufacturing and installation, so that the influence of the friction force of the device on displacement measurement is reduced; the whole measuring unit adopts an integral detachable structure, and can be used without installing parts.

Firstly, fixing a measuring unit on a rock sample 4, inserting a variable slide sheet 14 on a second fixed slide block 12 into a slide groove 111 of an adjacent first fixed slide block 11, and connecting the first fixed slide block 11 and the second fixed slide block 12 together in a forward direction through a tension device 2 to fix the measuring unit on the rock sample 4; meanwhile, the fixed sliding block 1 is fixed on four corner points of the rock sample 4 through the gaskets 15, under the action of the tension spring 21, the measuring unit is tightly attached to a testing plane of the rock sample 4, and then the rotating bolt 13 is rotated, so that the position of the variable sliding block 14 is unchanged, and the horizontal position of the measuring unit is guaranteed.

Each measuring unit prevents the displacement measuring device from being damaged due to excessive deformation through a displacement limiting rod 33 and a displacement limiting ring 34, and the displacement limiting rod 33 is fixedly connected with a short fixed sliding block at one end to ensure the integrity of the displacement measuring device; the displacement limiting ring 34 is tightly connected with the displacement limiting rod 33 through a fastening bolt, the maximum displacement of the displacement measuring device is limited within an allowable range, and the sensors of the dial indicator 31 and the LVDT displacement measuring device 3 are not stretched continuously to cause damage.

And installing the residual measuring unit according to the installation step. Put into compression testing machine with rock sample 4, be connected to the amesdial 31 and LVDT displacement sensor 32 to the computer, to rock sample 4 loading, rock produces the inhomogeneous deformation of side direction on the horizontal plane of difference, measuring element's amesdial 31 and LVDT displacement sensor 32 produce simultaneously and warp, amesdial 31 real-time recording side direction deflection, LVDT displacement sensor 32 gives data processor with the deformation signal transmission to obtain the inhomogeneous deformation data in side direction of square sample.

The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but includes equivalent technical means as would be recognized by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.