阅读说明：本技术 一种使蟹苗增产的食饵丰年虫的生态育种繁殖方法 (Ecological breeding and propagation method of bait-feeding fairy shrimp for increasing yield of crab seedlings ) 是由 陈瑜 陈晔 于 2020-07-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种使蟹苗增产的食饵丰年虫的生态育种繁殖方法,丰年虫脱下的壳含有丰富的Ca～(2+),可以有效的补充幼蟹缺钙的问题,此方法繁殖的丰年虫被蟹苗喜欢的食物,增加蟹苗的免疫力,提高成活率,蟹品质好,该丰年虫可以大规模育种繁殖,操作简单方便,解决了丰年虫育种繁殖的技术难题。利用丰年虫吞噬的特性将维生素给丰年虫服用,再喂食幼蟹,使大部分维生素直接被幼蟹吸收,避免二次转化,螃蟹幼体摄食优质丰年虫后,体质增强,幼体的成活率从50％-55％提高到80％-90％,从而增加了蟹的养殖效益。(The invention discloses an ecological breeding and propagating method of a bait Fengning insect for increasing the yield of crab seedlings, wherein shells taken off by the Fengning insect contain rich Ca 2+ The method can effectively supplement the problem of calcium deficiency of the young crabs, the fairy shrimp bred by the method is eaten by crab seedlings, the immunity of the crab seedlings is improved, the survival rate is improved, the quality of the crabs is good, the fairy shrimp can be bred and bred in a large scale, the operation is simple and convenient, and the technical problem of the fairy shrimp breeding and breeding is solved. The vitamin is administered to fairy shrimp by utilizing the phagocytosis characteristic of fairy shrimp, and then fed to young crab, so that most of vitamin can be directly absorbed by young crabThe secondary transformation is avoided, after the crab larvae eat high-quality fairy shrimp, the physique is enhanced, and the survival rate of the larvae is improved from 50-55 percent to 80-90 percent, so that the breeding benefit of the crabs is increased.)

1. An ecological breeding and propagating method of bait Toyota kummensis for increasing the yield of crab seedlings comprises the following steps:

step 1: screening fairy shrimp eggs, screening eggs which are shriveled and can not be hatched, soaking the fairy shrimp eggs in sodium hypochlorite (5 ppm) for 15-20min before hatching, and cleaning residual sodium hypochlorite in the eggs with fresh water after soaking;

step 2: disinfecting an incubation barrel, injecting water for 24 hours in advance, using trichloro (10 ppm for disinfection and aerating for 12 hours), heating the water to 26-30 ℃ after injecting water, filling an air chamber in the incubation barrel, wherein the more the water is, the better the air chamber is, preventing the eggs from sinking, sprinkling sodium bicarbonate (no adverse effect is found when the sodium bicarbonate is excessive), and after aerating for 1 hour, sprinkling EDTA (3 ppm), wherein the eggs can be released (the smell of water before releasing the eggs is that the chlorine is available, and the eggs can be released only after aerating is available);

and step 3: placing the worm eggs treated in the step 1 into the incubation barrel treated in the step 2, stirring once every 2h until eggs with lanterns appear, stopping stirring to prevent the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, wherein sufficient oxygen is contained in the incubation barrel, supplementing a light source (light source 1000-;

and 4, step 4: strengthening nutrition, namely transferring the fairy shrimp nauplii at the B end to a fairy shrimp culturing pond, keeping the water clear, and regularly feeding baits and vitamin C;

and 5: after the incubation is finished, only collecting the hatching fluid in the first 30 minutes, stopping oxygenation, shading with a black film, allowing the fairy shrimp to sink, floating the empty shell, and separating.

2. The ecological breeding and propagation method of the bait artemia cystokiniana for increasing the yield of the crab seedlings according to the claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) sterilizing the empty shell, wherein the empty shell is provided with a large amount of vibrios and filamentous bacteria, stirring the empty shell in a 15% sodium nitrite solution for 2 hours, and cleaning the empty shell for 3 times by using clear water to remove residual sodium nitrite.

3. The ecological breeding and propagation method of the bait artemia cystokiniana for increasing the yield of the crab seedlings according to the claim 1, which is characterized in that: the removal of Fe in the hollow shell²⁺Comprises the following steps: adding the empty shell into 10% sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting to remove Fe in the empty shell²⁺And fishing out the residual precipitate, and drying.

4. The ecological breeding and propagation method of the bait artemia cystokiniana for increasing the yield of the crab seedlings according to the claim 1, which is characterized in that: the catalyst is as follows: 65-70% of calcium peroxide.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a breeding method of crab larva bait, in particular to an ecological breeding and propagation method of bait Toyota kunmenbacea for increasing the yield of crab seedlings.

Background

In China, the crab has fresh and tender meat quality, is just like to become a popular and pleasant dining table taste, particularly the hairy crabs such as the Yangcheng lake hairy crab, the Gucheng lake hairy crab, the Yangcheng lake hairy crab and the like, and enjoys popularity in China. However, the yield of the crabs is not high all the time, death due to diseases is the main reason, and death of the crabs is the direct reason that the yield is difficult to improve, wherein the crabs eat less food when the crabs are peeled in the 1 stage and are transited to the 2 stage, so that the resistance is poor, the death phenomenon is easy to occur, the immunity of the crabs in the period is enhanced, and the crabs need to be fed with the food with rich nutrition. Some crabs are easy to have the black shell disease, most of the disease occurs in intensive culture ponds in high-temperature seasons in summer, when the feed intake is large and the crabs grow vigorously, the feed is not full of nutrition, the shells of the crabs are calcified due to lack of calcium and vitamin C, the inner new shells of the crabs are lack of calcium, and the crabs die due to abnormal shelling. The invention patent 201510755297.7 discloses a method for breeding crabs by using rotifers, which is an ideal aquaculture bait for natural rotifers and fairy bugs, but the natural rotifers and fairy bugs have limited resources, and the artificially bred rotifers have the phenomenon of fatty acid deficiency and need to be subjected to nutrition enrichment. The rotifer takes food in a chewing manner, directly digests and absorbs the nutrition enhancer, and then the nutrition enhancer is absorbed by the crab, and is transformed and absorbed. The fairy shrimp swallows slowly to eat, and the nutrition enhancer is fed before feeding the juvenile crabs, so that the nutrition enhancer is directly absorbed by the juvenile crabs, and the effect is better than that of rotifers. The fairy shrimp is the bait of natural crab larvae, so the fairy shrimp suitable for the bait of the crab larvae is cultured, the immunity and the growth of the crab larvae are further improved, the survival rate and the quality of the crab larvae are improved, and the research prospect of expanding the culture yield is wide. In order to solve the problem, technicians of scientific research institutions and enterprises are continuously exploring and researching to hope to find a fairy shrimp seedling raising method with higher efficiency, and although certain progress is made, the technical problem which is not overcome in the actual application still exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide an ecological breeding and propagation method of the bait Toyota kuwana which can increase the yield of crab seedlings. The shell of fairy shrimp contains rich Ca²⁺The method can effectively supplement the problem of calcium deficiency of the young crabs, the fairy shrimp bred by the method is eaten by crab seedlings, the immunity of the crab seedlings is improved, the survival rate is improved, the quality of the crabs is good, the fairy shrimp can be bred and bred in a large scale, the operation is simple and convenient, and the technical problem of the fairy shrimp breeding and breeding is solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an ecological breeding and propagating method of bait Toyota kummensis for increasing the yield of crab seedlings comprises the following steps:

step 1: screening fairy shrimp eggs, screening eggs which are shriveled and can not be hatched, soaking the fairy shrimp eggs in sodium hypochlorite (5 ppm) for 15-20min before hatching, and cleaning residual sodium hypochlorite in the eggs with fresh water after soaking.

Step 2: disinfecting an incubation barrel, injecting water for 24 hours in advance, using trichloro (10 ppm for disinfection and aerating for 12 hours), heating the water to 26-30 ℃ after injecting water, filling an air chamber in the incubation barrel, wherein the more the air chamber is, the better the air chamber is, preventing the eggs from sinking, sprinkling sodium bicarbonate (no harmful effect is found when the sodium bicarbonate is excessive), and after aerating for 1 hour, sprinkling EDTA (3 ppm), wherein the eggs can be released (the smell of water before releasing the eggs has the taste of chlorine, and the eggs can be released only after aerating).

And step 3: and (2) placing the worm eggs treated in the step (1) into the incubation barrel treated in the step (2), stirring once every 2 hours until eggs with lanterns appear, stopping stirring to prevent the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, wherein sufficient oxygen is contained in the incubation barrel, supplementing a light source (light source 1000 and 2000 luxes) by an incandescent lamp when the illumination is insufficient, splashing a catalyst (50 g-70 g/cubic meter) after 2.5 hours, stirring immediately after splashing to prevent the catalyst and the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, and keeping the temperature at 28-30 ℃ in the incubation process.

And 4, step 4: and (3) strengthening nutrition, namely transferring the fairy shrimp nauplii in the B end to a fairy shrimp culturing pond, keeping the water quality clear, and regularly feeding baits and vitamin C.

And 5: after the incubation is finished, only collecting the hatching fluid in the first 30 minutes, stopping oxygenation, shading with a black film, allowing the fairy shrimp to sink, floating the empty shell, and separating.

And (3) sterilizing the empty shell, wherein the empty shell is provided with a large amount of vibrios and filamentous bacteria, stirring the empty shell in a 15% sodium nitrite solution for 2 hours, and cleaning the empty shell for 3 times by using clear water to remove residual sodium nitrite.

The removal of Fe in the hollow shell²⁺Comprises the following steps: adding the empty shell into 10% sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting to remove Fe in the empty shell²⁺Taking out and cleaning the residual precipitate, and dryingAnd (5) drying.

The catalyst is as follows: 65-70% of calcium peroxide.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. fe in the shell of fairy shrimp²⁺Removed as calcium supplement substance of the young crab, saves cost and improves utilization rate.

2. Vitamins are taken by the fairy shrimp by utilizing the phagocytic property of the fairy shrimp and then fed to the young crabs, so that most of the vitamins are directly absorbed by the young crabs, secondary transformation is avoided, after the young crabs ingest high-quality fairy shrimp, the physique is enhanced, and the survival rate of the young crabs is improved from 50-55 percent to 80-90 percent, thereby increasing the culture benefit of the young crabs.

3. The fairy shrimp can be bred and propagated in large scale, is simple and convenient to operate, and solves the technical problem of fairy shrimp breeding and propagation.

Detailed Description

Example one

Step 1: screening fairy shrimp eggs, screening eggs which are shriveled and can not be hatched, soaking the fairy shrimp eggs in sodium hypochlorite (5 ppm) for 15-20min before hatching, and cleaning residual sodium hypochlorite in the eggs with fresh water after soaking.

Step 2: disinfecting an incubation barrel, using trichloro (10 ppm for disinfection and aerating for 12 hours) 24 hours before water injection and water extraction, heating the water to 26-30 ℃ after the water injection, filling a gas chamber in the incubation barrel, wherein the more the water is, the better the gas is, preventing the eggs from sinking, sprinkling sodium bicarbonate (no harmful effect is found when the sodium bicarbonate is excessive), and sprinkling EDTA (3 ppm) after the gas is aerated for 1 hour, wherein the eggs can be released (the smell of the water before the eggs are released is the smell of chlorine, and the eggs can be released only after the gas is aerated).

And step 3: and (2) placing the worm eggs treated in the step (1) into the incubation barrel treated in the step (2), stirring once every 2 hours until eggs with lanterns appear, stopping stirring to prevent the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, wherein sufficient oxygen is contained in the incubation barrel, supplementing a light source (light source 1000 luxes) by an incandescent lamp when the illumination is insufficient, sprinkling a catalyst (50 g/cubic meter) after 2.5 hours, stirring immediately after sprinkling to prevent the catalyst and the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, and keeping the temperature at 28-30 ℃ in the incubation process.

And 4, step 4: and (3) strengthening nutrition, namely transferring the fairy shrimp nauplii in the B end to a fairy shrimp culturing pond, keeping the water quality clear, and regularly feeding baits and vitamin C.

And 5: after the incubation is finished, only collecting the hatching fluid in the first 30 minutes, stopping oxygenation, shading with a black film, allowing the fairy shrimp to sink, floating the empty shell, and separating.

And (3) sterilizing the empty shell, wherein the empty shell is provided with a large amount of vibrios and filamentous bacteria, stirring the empty shell in a 15% sodium nitrite solution for 2 hours, and cleaning the empty shell for 3 times by using clear water to remove residual sodium nitrite.

The removal of Fe in the hollow shell²⁺Comprises the following steps: adding the empty shell into 10% sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting to remove Fe in the empty shell²⁺And fishing out the residual precipitate, and drying.

The catalyst is as follows: 65% of calcium peroxide.

Example two

Step 1: screening fairy shrimp eggs, screening eggs which are shriveled and can not be hatched, soaking the fairy shrimp eggs in sodium hypochlorite (5 ppm) for 15-20min before hatching, and cleaning residual sodium hypochlorite in the eggs with fresh water after soaking.

Step 2: disinfecting an incubation barrel, using trichloro (10 ppm for disinfection and aerating for 12 hours) 24 hours before water injection and water extraction, heating the water to 26-30 ℃ after the water injection, filling a gas chamber in the incubation barrel, wherein the more the water is, the better the gas is, preventing the eggs from sinking, sprinkling sodium bicarbonate (no harmful effect is found when the sodium bicarbonate is excessive), and sprinkling EDTA (3 ppm) after the gas is aerated for 1 hour, wherein the eggs can be released (the smell of the water before the eggs are released is the smell of chlorine, and the eggs can be released only after the gas is aerated).

And step 3: and (2) placing the worm eggs treated in the step (1) into the incubation barrel treated in the step (2), stirring once every 2 hours until eggs with lanterns appear, stopping stirring to prevent the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, wherein sufficient oxygen is contained in the incubation barrel, supplementing a light source (light source 2000 lux) by an incandescent lamp when the illumination is insufficient, sprinkling a catalyst (70 g/cubic meter) after 2.5 hours, stirring immediately after sprinkling to prevent the catalyst and the worm eggs from sinking to the bottom, and keeping the temperature at 28-30 ℃ in the incubation process.

And 4, step 4: and (3) strengthening nutrition, namely transferring the fairy shrimp nauplii in the B end to a fairy shrimp culturing pond, keeping the water quality clear, and regularly feeding baits and vitamin C.

And 5: after the incubation is finished, only collecting the hatching fluid in the first 30 minutes, stopping oxygenation, shading with a black film, allowing the fairy shrimp to sink, floating the empty shell, and separating.

And (3) sterilizing the empty shell, wherein the empty shell is provided with a large amount of vibrios and filamentous bacteria, stirring the empty shell in a 15% sodium nitrite solution for 2 hours, and cleaning the empty shell for 3 times by using clear water to remove residual sodium nitrite.

The removal of Fe in the hollow shell²⁺Comprises the following steps: adding the empty shell into 10% sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and reacting to remove Fe in the empty shell²⁺And fishing out the residual precipitate, and drying.

The catalyst is as follows: 70% of calcium peroxide.