阅读说明：本技术 一种中国对虾和日本对虾池塘轮养方法 (Pond alternate culture method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps ) 是由 张洁 刘学会 孟宪红 孙绍永 胡锦旗 曹宝祥 陈宝龙 张玉胜 刘志亮 张国新 刘 于 2021-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种中国对虾和日本对虾池塘轮养方法,包括以下步骤：S1、准备处理；S2、培藻肥水,藻相均衡；S3、选择虾苗并投放；S4、养殖管理-分别按照中国对虾养殖方法和日本对虾养殖方法管理中国对虾池塘和日本对虾池塘；S5、轮养-日本对虾出池销售后,将中国对虾池塘和日本对虾池塘挖通,然后将中国对虾池塘内一半的中国对虾放入日本对虾池塘,然后按照中国对虾养殖方法对两个池塘内的中国对虾进行养殖管理；S6、中国对虾出池销售。本发明采用上述中国对虾和日本对虾池塘轮养方法,通过轮养中国对虾和日本对虾,提高了池塘利用率,且两者养殖不受影响,亩增产值达6000元,亩增效益达3000元以上,从而达到了增产增收的目的。(The invention discloses a pond alternate culture method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparation processing; s2, cultivating algae to enrich water and balance algae phases; s3, selecting and putting shrimp fries; s4, managing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond according to a Chinese prawn breeding method and a Japanese prawn breeding method respectively; s5, alternate culture, namely after the penaeus japonicus is sold out of the pond, dredging a penaeus chinensis pond and a penaeus japonicus pond, then putting half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond into the penaeus japonicus pond, and then carrying out culture management on the penaeus chinensis in the two ponds according to a penaeus chinensis culture method; and S6, selling the Chinese prawns in the pond. By adopting the pond alternate culture method for the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, the pond utilization rate is improved by alternately culturing the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, the culture of the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps is not influenced, the mu yield increasing value reaches 6000 yuan, and the mu benefit increasing value reaches more than 3000 yuan, so that the purposes of increasing the yield and the income are achieved.)

1. A pond alternate culture method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1 preparation processing

Preparing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond respectively;

s2, cultivating algae and fertilizing water, balancing algae phases, putting basic bait, putting about 3 jin of algae crayfish per mu, and putting about 1 jin of potter acherusicum per mu;

s3, selecting and throwing shrimp fries

After the selected shrimp larvae are transported to a breeding place, respectively putting the selected Chinese shrimps and the selected Japanese shrimps into a Chinese shrimp pond and a Japanese shrimp pond;

putting Chinese prawn seedlings into a pond in double of the set amount of the prawn seedlings per mu, and putting the Japanese prawns into a pond adjacent to the Chinese prawns in the set amount of the prawn seedlings per mu;

s4 cultivation management

Managing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond according to a Chinese prawn culture method and a Japanese prawn culture method respectively, placing 2-3 oxygen increasing machines in the Chinese prawn culture pond, and keeping the dissolved oxygen at more than 5 mg/L;

s5 alternate culture

After the penaeus japonicus is sold out of the pond, dredging a penaeus chinensis pond and a penaeus japonicus pond at intervals, then putting half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond into the penaeus japonicus pond, and then carrying out culture management on the penaeus chinensis in the two ponds according to a penaeus chinensis culture method;

and S6, selling the Chinese prawns in the pond.

2. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

s10, cleaning and removing impurities

Draining the pond water after cleaning the pond, flushing the pond water by using a high-pressure pump, removing sludge at the bottom of the pond, flatly solarizing the bottom of the pond, and removing other organisms at the side of the pond;

s11 sterilizing pond

After the bottom of the pool is filled with the inlet water, the disinfectant is splashed in the whole pool, and the pool water is drained after 24 hours;

s12 detoxification

Sprinkling antidote to the whole pool for detoxification, and then sprinkling decomposer to decompose dead algae and un-fished organisms;

s13, dredging

And (3) dredging the bottom of the pond for 2-3 months by using a bulldozer for about 3-5CM, accumulating the sludge at the top of the pond, and airing and leveling.

3. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S10, the tea seed cake or theophylline 15 kg per mu of land is sprinkled in the whole pool to kill trash fish, and then fished out to achieve the purpose of removing other organisms at the pool.

4. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step S12, the antidote is amino acid hydrolysis tyrant or green water detoxification Ann;

the decomposing agent is a mixed solution of pure raw spore milk and amino-algae-moistening essence after being soaked for 2 hours.

5. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, fertilizing is carried out 10-15 days before putting the shrimp seeds in a sunny day, 3-5g of urea is applied to each cubic water body, and the water depth of the shrimp pond is not lower than 70cm during fertilizing.

6. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling selection principle in the step S3 is as follows: the total length of the shrimp larvae is more than 1cm, the shrimp larvae are regular in size, the body color is transparent, and no parasites exist on the body surface;

putting Chinese shrimp larvae in late 4 th month, putting Japanese shrimp larvae in early 5 th month, and sprinkling oligosaccharide to the whole pool while putting the larvae;

the set amount of Chinese prawn is 4000 tails per mu, and the set amount of Japanese prawn is 6000 tails per mu.

7. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S4 includes bait feeding management and water quality management;

the bait feeding management comprises the following steps: feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 1-5g according to 7% -10% of the total weight of the shrimps; feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 6-10g according to 4% -7% of the total weight of the shrimps; feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 11-20g according to 3% -4% of the total weight of the shrimps;

feeding Chinese prawns twice in the morning and at night, wherein the feeding time of the Japanese prawns starts after sunset and ends before midnight;

the water quality management comprises the following steps:

salinity management: the salinity of Chinese prawns is controlled between 20 per thousand and 30 per thousand, and the salinity of Japanese prawns is controlled between 25 per thousand and 30 per thousand;

temperature management: controlling the temperature range of the Chinese prawn and the Japanese prawn at 18-30 ℃;

dissolved oxygen: the dissolved oxygen of both Chinese prawn and Japanese prawn is more than 5 mg/L;

controlling the pH value: the pH values of the Chinese prawn and the Japanese prawn are controlled between 8.0 and 8.6.

8. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, the time for the penaeus japonicus to sell in late 7 th to early 8 th of the month is reached, after the penaeus japonicus is basically discharged in the early 8 th of the month, the penaeus chinensis pond and the penaeus japonicus pond are dug through, and half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond is put into the penaeus japonicus pond.

9. The pond rotation culturing method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S6, the time for Chinese prawn to sell is 10 months old.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a prawn culture technology, in particular to a pond alternate culture method for Chinese prawn and Japanese prawn.

Background

Chinese prawn is one of the most representative aquaculture species in China, and the culture area is mainly along the bank of yellow Bohai sea. The highest year (before and after 1990) of the culture yield of the prawn culture medium accounts for 70 percent of the culture yield of the prawns in China, and the culture yield of the prawns reaches about 15 ten thousand tons. However, the development of the breeding industry is seriously influenced by the problems of frequent diseases, germplasm degradation and the like appearing in the early 90 s of the 20 th century. Until the yellow sea series of Chinese prawns bred by the yellow sea aquatic research institute of Chinese aquatic science institute, vitality is injected for the secondary entrepreneur of the Chinese prawn aquaculture industry, and the healthy development of the Chinese prawn aquaculture industry is promoted.

The total culture area of the domestic Penaeus japonicus in 2019 is 21443 hectares, wherein the culture area of the Penaeus japonicus in Shandong province is 7982 hectares and is the first domestic one; secondly, Liaoning province, the cultivation area is 5923 hectares; the third is Hebei province, and the culture area is 3742 hectare. The three provinces are all located along the Bohai sea.

As can be seen, both Chinese and Japanese prawns are important breeding species in China and play a significant role in the mariculture industry. However, the development of aquaculture is restricted by single aquaculture mode and low aquaculture benefit, i.e. the aquaculture mode of Chinese prawns and Japanese prawns is single and the aquaculture benefit is general.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pond alternate culture method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps, which improves the utilization rate of a pond by alternately culturing the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, ensures that the culture of the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps is not influenced, increases the yield per mu by 6000 yuan and increases the benefit per mu by more than 3000 yuan, thereby achieving the purposes of increasing the yield and the income.

In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a pond alternate culture method for Chinese shrimps and Japanese shrimps, which comprises the following steps:

s1 preparation processing

Preparing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond respectively;

s2, cultivating algae and fertilizing water, balancing algae phases, putting basic bait, putting about 3 jin of algae crayfish per mu, and putting about 1 jin of potter acherusicum per mu;

s3, selecting and throwing shrimp fries

After the selected shrimp larvae are transported to a breeding place, respectively putting the selected Chinese shrimps and the selected Japanese shrimps into a Chinese shrimp pond and a Japanese shrimp pond;

putting Chinese prawn seedlings into a pond in double of the set amount of the prawn seedlings per mu, and putting the Japanese prawns into a pond adjacent to the Chinese prawns in the set amount of the prawn seedlings per mu;

s4 cultivation management

Managing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond according to a Chinese prawn culture method and a Japanese prawn culture method respectively, placing 2-3 oxygen increasing machines in the Chinese prawn culture pond, and keeping the dissolved oxygen at more than 5 mg/L;

s5 alternate culture

After the penaeus japonicus is sold out of the pond, dredging a penaeus chinensis pond and a penaeus japonicus pond at intervals, then putting half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond into the penaeus japonicus pond, and then carrying out culture management on the penaeus chinensis in the two ponds according to a penaeus chinensis culture method;

and S6, selling the Chinese prawns in the pond.

Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

s10, cleaning and removing impurities

Draining the pond water after cleaning the pond, flushing the pond water by using a high-pressure pump, removing sludge at the bottom of the pond, flatly solarizing the bottom of the pond, and removing other organisms at the side of the pond;

s11 sterilizing pond

After the bottom of the pool is filled with the inlet water, the disinfectant is splashed in the whole pool, and the pool water is drained after 24 hours;

s12 detoxification

Sprinkling antidote to the whole pool for detoxification, and then sprinkling decomposer to decompose dead algae and un-fished organisms;

s13, dredging

And (3) dredging the bottom of the pond for 2-3 months by using a bulldozer for about 3-5CM, accumulating the sludge at the top of the pond, and airing and leveling.

Preferably, in step S10, 15 kg of tea seed cake or theophylline is sprinkled in the whole pool per mu of land to kill trash fish, and then fished out to achieve the purpose of removing other living things around the pool.

Preferably, the antidote in step S12 is amino acid hydrolysis tyrant or chlordiazepoxide;

the decomposing agent is a mixed solution of pure raw spore milk and amino-algae-moistening essence after being soaked for 2 hours.

Preferably, in step S2, fertilization is carried out on sunny days 10-15 days before seedling release, 3-5g of urea is applied to each cubic water body, and the water depth of the shrimp pond is not lower than 70cm during fertilization.

Preferably, the seedling selection principle in step S3 is as follows: the total length of the shrimp larvae is more than 1cm, the shrimp larvae are regular in size, the body color is transparent, and no parasites exist on the body surface;

putting the Chinese prawn fries in the last ten days of 4 months, and putting the Japanese prawn fries in the last ten days of 5 months, and sprinkling oligosaccharide to the whole pool while putting the fries;

the set amount of Chinese prawn is 4000 tails per mu, and the set amount of Japanese prawn is 6000 tails per mu.

Preferably, step S4 specifically includes bait feeding management and water quality management;

the bait feeding management comprises the following steps: feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 1-5g according to 7% -10% of the total weight of the shrimps; feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 6-10g according to 4% -7% of the total weight of the shrimps; feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 11-20g according to 3% -4% of the total weight of the shrimps;

feeding Chinese prawns twice in the morning and at night, wherein the feeding time of the Japanese prawns starts after sunset and ends before midnight;

the water quality management comprises the following steps:

salinity management: the salinity of Chinese prawns is controlled between 20 per thousand and 30 per thousand, and the salinity of Japanese prawns is controlled between 25 per thousand and 30 per thousand;

temperature management: controlling the temperature range of the Chinese prawn and the Japanese prawn at 18-30 ℃;

dissolved oxygen: the dissolved oxygen of both Chinese prawn and Japanese prawn is more than 5 mg/L;

controlling the pH value: the pH values of the Chinese prawn and the Japanese prawn are controlled between 8.0 and 8.6.

Preferably, in step S5, the time for the penaeus japonicus to sell in late 7 th to early 8 th of the month is reached, after the penaeus japonicus is basically discharged in early 8 th of the month, the penaeus chinensis pond and the penaeus japonicus pond are dug through, and half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond is put into the penaeus japonicus pond.

Preferably, in step S6, the Chinese prawn is sold in 10 last ten days.

Therefore, by adopting the pond alternate culture method for the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, the pond utilization rate is improved by alternately culturing the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, the culture of the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps is not influenced, the yield per mu is increased by 12000 yuan, and the benefit per mu is increased by 5000 yuan, so that the aims of increasing the yield and the income are fulfilled.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described below, and it should be noted that the present embodiment is based on the technical solution, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.

The invention comprises the following steps:

s1 preparation processing

Preparing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond respectively;

step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

s10, cleaning and removing impurities

Draining the pond water after cleaning the pond, flushing the pond water by using a high-pressure pump, removing sludge at the bottom of the pond, flatly solarizing the bottom of the pond, and removing other organisms at the side of the pond;

in step S10, the tea seed cake or theophylline 15 kg per mu of land is sprinkled in the whole pool to kill trash fish, and then fished out to achieve the purpose of removing other organisms at the pool.

S11 sterilizing pond

After the bottom of the pool is filled with the inlet water, the disinfectant is splashed in the whole pool, and the pool water is drained after 24 hours;

s12 detoxification

And (4) sprinkling antidotes to the whole pool for detoxification, and then sprinkling decomposers to decompose dead algae and organisms which are not fished out.

In the step S12, the antidote is amino acid hydrolysis tyrant or green water detoxification Ann;

the decomposing agent is a mixed solution of pure raw spore milk and amino-algae-moistening essence after being soaked for 2 hours.

S2, cultivating algae and fertilizing water, balancing algae phases, putting basic bait, putting about 3 jin of algae crayfish per mu, and putting about 1 jin of potter acherusicum per mu;

in step S2, fertilizing is carried out 10-15 days before putting the shrimp seeds in a sunny day, 3-5g of urea is applied to each cubic water body, and the water depth of the shrimp pond is not lower than 70cm during fertilizing.

S3, selecting and throwing shrimp fries

After the selected shrimp larvae are transported to a breeding place, respectively putting the selected Chinese shrimps and the selected Japanese shrimps into a Chinese shrimp pond and a Japanese shrimp pond; and (3) putting the Chinese prawn larvae into the pond according to double the set dosage per mu, and putting the Japanese prawns into the pond adjacent to the Chinese prawns according to the set dosage per mu.

The seedling selection principle in the step S3 is as follows: the total length of the shrimp larvae is more than 1cm, the shrimp larvae are regular in size, the body color is transparent, and no parasites exist on the body surface;

the putting time of the shrimp larvae is 4 late ten days, and oligosaccharide is splashed in the whole pool while the shrimp larvae are put;

the set mu put-in quantity of the Chinese prawns is 4000 tails, namely the mu put-in quantity of the pond for the Chinese prawns is 8000 tails, and the set mu put-in quantity of the Japanese prawns is 6000 tails.

S4 cultivation management

Managing a Chinese prawn pond and a Japanese prawn pond according to a Chinese prawn culture method and a Japanese prawn culture method respectively, placing 2-3 oxygen increasing machines in the Chinese prawn culture pond, and keeping the dissolved oxygen at more than 5 mg/L;

step S4 includes bait feeding management and water quality management;

the bait feeding management comprises the following steps: feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 1-5g according to 7% -10% of the total weight of the shrimps; feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 6-10g according to 4% -7% of the total weight of the shrimps; feeding the shrimps when the weight of the shrimps is 11-20g according to 3% -4% of the total weight of the shrimps;

the feeding time of Chinese prawns is twice in the morning and at night, and the feeding time of Japanese prawns starts after sunset and ends before midnight.

The water quality management comprises the following steps:

salinity management: the salinity of Chinese prawns is controlled between 20 per thousand and 30 per thousand, and the salinity of Japanese prawns is controlled between 25 per thousand and 30 per thousand;

temperature management: controlling the temperature range of the Chinese prawn and the Japanese prawn at 18-30 ℃;

dissolved oxygen: the dissolved oxygen of both Chinese prawn and Japanese prawn is more than 5 mg/L;

controlling the pH value: the pH values of the Chinese prawn and the Japanese prawn are controlled between 8.0 and 8.6.

S5 alternate culture

After the penaeus japonicus is sold out of the pond, dredging a penaeus chinensis pond and a penaeus japonicus pond at intervals, then putting half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond into the penaeus japonicus pond, and then carrying out culture management on the penaeus chinensis in the two ponds according to a penaeus chinensis culture method;

preferably, in step S5, the time for the penaeus japonicus to sell in late 7 th to early 8 th of the month is reached, after the penaeus japonicus is basically discharged in early 8 th of the month, the penaeus chinensis pond and the penaeus japonicus pond are dug through, and half of the penaeus chinensis in the penaeus chinensis pond is put into the penaeus japonicus pond.

And S6, selling the Chinese prawns in the pond.

Preferably, in step S6, the Chinese prawn is sold in 10 last ten days.

The alternate culture method is adopted in the embodiment to realize that one shrimp pond can culture a batch of Japanese shrimps more, so that the economic benefit of the shrimp pond is improved:

the seedling quantity of the Chinese prawn breeding pond is about 8000 per mu, the later period is divided into two parts, the yield per mu of the Chinese prawn in the two ponds is 80 kilograms, the unit price per kilogram is calculated according to 100 yuan, the yield per mu value is 8000 yuan, and the benefit per mu is more than 3000 yuan;

6000 seedlings are put in the breeding pond of the Japanese prawns per mu, the yield of the Japanese prawns per mu is 50 kilograms, the unit price per kilogram is calculated according to 240 yuan, the yield value per mu is 12000 yuan, and the benefit per mu is more than 6000 yuan;

one more batch of penaeus japonicus is cultivated in two ponds, the yield per mu is up to 6000 yuan, and the benefit per mu is up to more than 3000 yuan.

Therefore, by adopting the pond alternate culture method for the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, the pond utilization rate is improved by alternately culturing the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps, the culture of the Chinese shrimps and the Japanese shrimps is not influenced, the yield per mu increase value reaches 6000 yuan, and the benefit per mu increase reaches more than 3000 yuan, so that the purposes of increasing the yield and the income are achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.