阅读说明：本技术 一种性能优化的异向双螺杆挤出机 (Performance optimization's incongruous double screw extruder ) 是由 黄志刚 翁云宣 田斌 张一惟 商嘉玮 张雪晨 刘忠尧 王雪莹 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种性能优化的异向双螺杆挤出机,包括螺杆和机筒,螺杆和机筒均由输送段、混合段、塑化段以及均化段组成,机筒中装有可上下移动的销钉,螺杆在销钉伸出的对应位置设有凹槽；机筒分为内筒和外筒,机筒外筒中装有销钉移动装置和辅助冷却装置,销钉移动装置包括销钉升降手柄、换向阀、销钉移动水泵、下移水缸和上移水缸,辅助冷却装置包括冷却箱、冷却水循环水泵、冷却水循环水箱、伸缩套筒、冷却水循环管道；该挤出机还包括驱动机构、传动机构、机座及滑轨。本发明异向双螺杆挤出机性能优化,方便清洁。(A performance-optimized counter-rotating double-screw extruder comprises a screw and a machine barrel, wherein the screw and the machine barrel are respectively composed of a conveying section, a mixing section, a plasticizing section and a homogenizing section, pins capable of moving up and down are arranged in the machine barrel, and grooves are formed in the corresponding positions, extending out of the pins, of the screw; the pin moving device comprises a pin lifting handle, a reversing valve, a pin moving water pump, a downward moving water tank and an upward moving water tank, and the auxiliary cooling device comprises a cooling box, a cooling water circulating water pump, a cooling water circulating water tank, a telescopic sleeve and a cooling water circulating pipeline; the extruder also comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a machine base and a slide rail. The counter-rotating double-screw extruder is optimized in performance and convenient to clean.)

1. The utility model provides a performance optimization's counter-rotating twin-screw extruder which characterized in that: comprises a screw and a machine barrel; the screw and the machine barrel are respectively composed of a conveying section, a mixing section, a plasticizing section and a homogenizing section.

2. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the machine barrel is divided into an inner barrel and an outer barrel; the cylinder is provided with a pin which can move up and down.

3. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: the screw is provided with a groove at the corresponding position where the pin extends out in the machine barrel, and the groove is in the cross section of the screw and is annular.

4. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: a pin moving device is arranged in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel; the pin moving device comprises a pin lifting handle, a reversing valve, a pin moving water pump, a downward moving water tank and an upward moving water tank; the pin moving device takes water pumped by the pin moving water pump as power to control the pin to move up and down.

5. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: an auxiliary cooling device is arranged in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel; the auxiliary cooling device comprises a cooling tank, a cooling water circulating water pump, a cooling water circulating water tank, a telescopic sleeve and a cooling water circulating pipeline; the cooling water circulation pipeline is communicated with the pin internal cooling water circulation passage in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel, and then is sequentially communicated with the telescopic sleeve, the cooling tank, the cooling water circulation water pump and the telescopic sleeve in series to form a cooling water circulation system.

6. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the pin, of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel, which moves up and down.

7. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the screw is gradually increased from the conveying section to the homogenizing section; the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel is gradually increased from the conveying section to the homogenizing section.

8. The twin-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a machine base and a slide rail.

Technical Field

The invention relates to mechanical equipment, in particular to a performance-optimized counter-rotating double-screw extruder.

Background

The counter-rotating twin-screw extruder is used as common food and plastic processing equipment, has been developed for decades, and the design of the screw, the reduction gearbox and the like of the counter-rotating twin-screw extruder tends to be perfect; however, in many extruders, the functions of the barrel and the screw are not well matched, that is, the screw of the extruder is generally provided with four different functional sections of conveying, plasticizing, metering and exhausting, and the barrel is not provided with other internal structures matched with the screw processing except a hopper and an exhaust hole, so that the performance of the processed material is limited, and the product quality still needs to be improved. Secondly, when a common counter-rotating twin-screw extruder is used for processing some heat-sensitive plastics such as soft polyvinyl chloride, the heat-sensitive plastics can be decomposed by heating due to the excessively high processing temperature in the cylinder, so that the extrusion of the products is very unfavorable.

In addition, the positions of the cylinder and the screw of the common counter-rotating twin-screw extruder are relatively fixed, and a plurality of small gaps between the inner wall of the cylinder and the screw rib can cause a plurality of sizing materials to remain in the cylinder, and the sizing materials are difficult to completely remove during cleaning, so that the quality of processed products can be affected in the past.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a performance-optimized counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, and the material processing and extruding effects with higher efficiency and optimized performance are obtained by designing from two angles of a machine barrel structure and a screw structure.

A performance-optimized counter-rotating double-screw extruder comprises screws and a machine barrel; the screw and the machine barrel are respectively composed of a conveying section, a mixing section, a plasticizing section and a homogenizing section.

The machine barrel of the extruder is divided into an inner barrel and an outer barrel; the extruder barrel is provided with a pin capable of moving up and down.

The screw is provided with a groove at the corresponding position where the pin extends out in the machine barrel, and the groove is in the cross section of the screw and is annular.

A pin moving device is arranged in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel; the pin moving device comprises a pin lifting handle, a reversing valve, a pin moving water pump, a downward moving water tank and an upward moving water tank; the pin moving device takes water pumped by the pin moving water pump as power to control the pin to move up and down.

An auxiliary cooling device is arranged in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel; the auxiliary cooling device comprises a cooling tank, a cooling water circulating water pump, a cooling water circulating water tank, a telescopic sleeve and a cooling water circulating pipeline; the cooling water circulation pipeline is communicated with the pin internal cooling water circulation passage in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel, and then is sequentially communicated with the telescopic sleeve, the cooling tank, the cooling water circulation water pump and the telescopic sleeve in series to form a cooling water circulation system. Wherein, the telescopic sleeve can extend and contract along with the movement of the pin.

The cooling box comprises a cooling fan, a cooling flow channel and a cooling box body. The cooling flow passages are arranged in multiple rows to increase the heat exchange area and reduce the temperature quickly.

And a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the pin, of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel, which moves up and down.

The outer diameter of the screw is gradually increased from the conveying section to the homogenizing section; the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel is gradually increased from the conveying section to the homogenizing section.

The counter-rotating twin-screw extruder further comprises a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a machine base and a sliding rail.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

the technical scheme of the invention starts from two aspects of a screw rod and a machine barrel of the extruder at the same time, the extrusion process is strengthened by utilizing the one-to-one matching of the same functional sections between the screw rod and the machine barrel, the extruder has better performance due to the matching of the functional sections of the machine barrel and the screw rod, the mixing performance of the extruder to materials can be improved by arranging the pin at the mixing section of the machine barrel, the plasticizing uniformity of the processed materials can be improved by arranging the pin at the plasticizing section of the machine barrel, and the conveying capacity of the extruder can be enhanced by gradually increasing the inner diameter of the inner barrel of the machine barrel from the conveying section to the homogenizing section.

The introduction of the cylindrical pin effectively breaks through a core dead zone which does not participate in mixing and plasticizing basically in the circulation of a melt conveying zone of a common meshed counter-rotating double-screw extruder, and the materials at the core part are stirred, shunted and sheared, so that the materials in the core dead zone and the materials at the outer layer of the circulation are mixed in a cross way, the distribution and dispersive mixing capability of the extruder to the materials is improved, and the plasticizing uniformity of the product is improved; an auxiliary cooling device in the machine barrel leads out surplus heat in the machine barrel through a fine flow channel in the pin, so that the internal temperature of the machine barrel can be better adjusted; the arrangement of the sliding rails is beneficial to drawing the screw rod out of the machine barrel when cleaning, so that residual materials in the machine barrel can be cleaned independently, the screw rod can be cleaned, and the double-screw extruder is convenient to clean to a great extent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the overall structure of a twin-screw extruder

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the working sections of the barrel and screw set

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper part of the cylinder

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower part of the cylinder

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cooling box.

Detailed Description

In order to show the technical scheme of the invention more clearly, the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the performance-optimized counter-rotating twin-screw extruder of the present invention comprises a screw 1 and a cylinder 2; the screw 1 and the machine barrel 2 are respectively composed of a conveying section 001, a mixing section 002, a plasticizing section 003 and a homogenizing section 004.

The extruder barrel 2 is divided into an inner barrel 201 contacted with materials and an outer barrel 202 contacted with external air; the extruder barrel 2 is provided with a pin 7 which can move up and down.

The screw 1 is provided with a groove 101 at a corresponding position where the pin extends out in the machine barrel, and the groove 101 is annular in the cross section of the screw, so that smooth flow of materials in the extrusion process is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the pin moving device 8 is installed in the barrel outer cylinder 202; the pin moving device 8 comprises a pin lifting handle 801, a reversing valve 802, a pin moving water pump 805, a lower water moving cylinder 807 and an upper water moving cylinder 808; the pin moving device 8 controls the pin 7 to move up and down by using water pumped by the pin moving water pump 805 as power.

An auxiliary cooling device 9 is arranged in the barrel outer cylinder 202; the auxiliary cooling device 9 comprises a cooling tank 901, a cooling water circulating water pump 902, a cooling water circulating water tank 903, a telescopic sleeve 904 and a cooling water circulating pipeline 905; the cooling water circulation pipeline 905 is communicated with the pin internal cooling water circulation passage 702 in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel, and is sequentially communicated with the telescopic sleeve 904, the cooling tank 901, the cooling water circulation water tank 903, the cooling water circulation water pump 902 and the telescopic sleeve 904 in series to form a cooling water circulation system. Wherein the telescopic sleeve 904 can be extended and shortened with the movement of the pin.

Referring to fig. 5, the cooling box 901 includes a cooling fan 9011, a cooling flow passage 9012, and a cooling box body 9013. The cooling channels 9012 are arranged in multiple rows to increase the heat exchange area and reduce the temperature quickly.

Referring to fig. 1, the cylinder inner barrel 201 is provided with a through hole at a position corresponding to the up-and-down movement of the pin.

The outer diameter of the screw is gradually increased from the conveying section to the homogenizing section; the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel is gradually increased from the conveying section to the homogenizing section.

The counter-rotating twin-screw extruder further comprises a driving mechanism 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a machine base 5 and a slide rail 6.

In the embodiment, the outer diameter of the screw of the conveying section is 34mm, the outer diameter of the screw of the mixing section is 38mm, the outer diameter of the screw of the plasticizing section is 42mm, and the outer diameter of the screw of the homogenizing section is 46 mm; the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel of the conveying section is 50mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel of the mixing section is 53mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel of the plasticizing section is 56mm, and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder of the machine barrel of the homogenizing section is 58 mm.

In order to enable the extruded product to have better performance, the invention also makes a design matched with corresponding functions on the internal structure of the machine barrel corresponding to different functional sections of the screw group. In order to optimize the mixing and plasticizing performance of the double-screw extruder and improve the product quality, the invention introduces a cylindrical pin 7 which can move up and down into the machine barrel 2. Compared with a common counter-rotating double-screw extruder, the irregular flow channel is formed by a plurality of pins, the screw grooves and the wall surface of the machine barrel, the flow direction and the laminar flow state of the material are changed through the relative movement of the screws and the pins, and finally the exchange of the material between the two screws is increased, so that the material is more fully mixed in the extruder; the pin deep into the root of the screw ridge breaks the core of the original circular flow, and the stirring, the shunting and the shearing are carried out on the material in the core dead zone (the zone which does not participate in mixing and plasticizing basically near the core part in the circular flow process of the melt conveying zone of the common meshing counter-rotating double-screw extruder), so that the material in the core dead zone and the material at the outer layer of the circular flow are mixed in a cross way, and the plasticizing uniformity is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the barrel 2 is provided with 2 rows of pins in the mixing section, each row has 4 pins per cross section, and the space between every two rows of pins is 40 mm; and 3 rows of pins are arranged in the plasticizing section, each row has 4 pins per cross section, and the space between every two rows of pins is 40 mm. Because the mixing section of the extruder barrel and the screw has the function of homogenizing the flow field and improving the longitudinal distribution mixing capability of the extruder barrel and the screw to the maximum extent, 2 rows of pins are arranged in the mixing section, and the arrangement mode can ensure that the exchange of materials between two screws is more than that of other arrangement modes; the function of the extruder barrel and the screw plasticizing section is to make the material undergo high shear and gradually plasticize and melt, and in order to make more particles in the flow channel undergo high shear rate, 3 rows of pins are arranged in the plasticizing section, and the arrangement has better shearing effect on the particles in the flow channel than the arrangement of pins with other rows. When the number of the pins and the number of the rows are fixed, the distance between the pins is set to be larger, so that the longitudinal distribution mixing capability of the pins is enhanced, but the larger the distance is, the better the distance is, and the distance between every two rows of pins is set to be 40 mm.

Further, the cylindrical pin 7 is fixed on the pin fixing plate 701, and a cooling water circulation passage 702 is formed inside the pin fixing plate 701 and the pin 7.

In operation, the pin 7 is moved to the cross section 1/3 of the spiral groove, so that a better mixing and homogenizing effect can be obtained. In order to avoid the collision between the pin 7 and the screw 1 when the double-screw extruder runs, the screw 1 is correspondingly provided with a groove at the extending part of the pin 7, and the section of the groove is annular.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the inner cylinder 201 of the cylinder is provided with a hole at a position corresponding to the up-and-down movement of the pin 7, and the outer cylinder 202 of the cylinder is provided with a pin moving device 8, an auxiliary cooling device 9 and a hopper 10. A feeding channel 11 which penetrates through the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is arranged below the hopper 10 and can directly feed materials to a processing area of the extruder.

In the outer barrel, the pin moving device 8 comprises a pin lifting handle 801, a reversing valve 802, a power pipeline 803, a supply water tank 804, a pin moving water pump 805, a recovery water tank 806, a down moving water tank 807 and an up moving water tank 808. The lower water moving cylinder 807 is communicated with a left passage above the reversing valve 802 through a power pipeline 803, and a left passage below the reversing valve 802 is sequentially communicated with a pin moving water pump 805 and a water supply tank 804 through the power pipeline 803; the upper water transfer cylinder 808 is communicated with a right passage above the reversing valve 802 through a power pipeline 803, and a right passage below the reversing valve 802 is communicated with a recovery water tank 806 through the power pipeline 803. The pin lifting handle 801 is fixedly connected with the reversing valve 802.

Before the extruder is started to operate, the pin lifting handle 801 of the upper half barrel is pushed rightwards, so that a liquid path of the reversing valve 802 positioned at the left position is communicated, water in the water supply tank 804 flows to the downward water moving cylinder 807 above the pin fixing flat plate 701 along a path of the power pipeline 803 under the driving of the pin moving water pump 805, the water which is gathered into the downward water moving cylinder 807 presses the pin fixing flat plate 701 downwards, and the pin fixing flat plate 701 and the pin 7 move downwards together; at the same time, the water in the water moving cylinder 808 below the pin fixing plate flows into the recovery water tank 806 along the path of the power pipeline 803. When the pin 7 moves to a proper position, the pin lifting handle 801 is pulled leftwards, so that the reversing valve 802 is positioned at a middle position, a liquid path above the reversing valve 802 is cut off, a liquid path below the reversing valve 802 is communicated, and water in the water supply tank 804 is driven by the pin moving water pump 805 to directly flow into the recovery water tank 806 along the power pipeline 803; at this time, the water levels in the downflow cylinder 807 and the upflow cylinder 808 are no longer changed, and the pin 7 stops moving and is held at this position.

Referring to fig. 4, before the extruder is started, the lower barrel pin lifting handle 801 is pulled leftwards, so that the liquid path of the reversing valve 802 positioned at the right position is communicated, water in the water supply tank 804 flows to the upper water moving cylinder 808 below the pin fixing flat plate 701 along the path of the power pipeline 803 under the driving of the pin moving water pump 805, the water merged into the upper water moving cylinder 808 presses the pin fixing flat plate 701 upwards, and the pin fixing flat plate 701 and the pin 7 move upwards together; at the same time, the water in the water moving-down cylinder 807 above the pin fixing plate flows into the recovery water tank 806 along the path of the power conduit 803. When the pin 7 moves to a proper position, the pin lifting handle 801 is pushed rightwards, so that the reversing valve 802 is positioned at a middle position, a liquid path above the reversing valve 802 is cut off, a liquid path below the reversing valve 802 is communicated, and water in the water supply tank 804 is driven by the pin moving water pump 805 to directly flow into the recovery water tank 806 along the power pipeline 803; at this time, the water levels in the downflow cylinder 807 and the upflow cylinder 808 are no longer changed, and the pin 7 stops moving and is held at this position.

Referring to fig. 3, after the extruder is finished, the pin lifting handle 801 of the upper half barrel is pulled leftwards, so that a liquid path of the reversing valve 802 located at the right position is communicated, water in the water supply tank 804 flows into the upper water moving cylinder 808 along the power pipeline 803 through the reversing valve 802 under the driving of the pin moving water pump 805, and the water gathered into the upper water moving cylinder 808 presses the pin fixing flat plate 701 upwards, so that the pin fixing flat plate 701 and the pin 7 move upwards together; at the same time, the water in the water-moving-down cylinder 807 above the pin fixing plate flows into the recovery water tank 806 along the power pipe path. When the pins return to the initial positions, the pin lifting handle 801 is pushed rightwards, so that the reversing valve 802 is located at the middle position, the liquid path above the reversing valve 802 is cut off, the liquid path below the reversing valve 802 is communicated, and water in the water supply tank 804 is driven by the pin moving water pump 805 to directly flow into the recovery water tank 806 along the power pipeline 803; at this time, the water levels in the downflow cylinder 807 and the upflow cylinder 808 are no longer changed, and the pin 7 stops moving and is held at this position.

Referring to fig. 4, after the extruder is finished, the pin lifting handle 801 of the lower barrel part is pushed to the right, so that the liquid path of the reversing valve 802 located at the left position is communicated, water in the water supply tank 804 flows to the downward moving water cylinder 807 above the pin fixing flat plate 701 along the path of the power pipeline 803 under the driving of the pin moving water pump 805, the water which is gathered into the downward moving water cylinder 807 presses the pin fixing flat plate 701 downwards, and the pin fixing flat plate 701 and the pin 7 move downwards together; at the same time, water in the upper water moving cylinder 808 below the pin fixing plate flows into the recovery water tank 806 along the path of the power pipeline 803. When the pin 7 moves to a proper position, the pin lifting handle 801 is pulled leftwards, so that the reversing valve 802 is positioned at a middle position, a liquid path above the reversing valve 802 is cut off, a liquid path below the reversing valve 802 is communicated, and water in the water supply tank 804 is driven by the pin moving water pump 805 to directly flow into the recovery water tank 806 along the power pipeline 803; at this time, the water levels in the downflow cylinder 807 and the upflow cylinder 808 are no longer changed, and the pin 7 stops moving and is held at this position.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the outer cylinder of the cylinder, the auxiliary cooling device 9 includes a cooling tank 901, a cooling water circulation water pump 902, a cooling water circulation water tank 903, an expansion sleeve 904, and a cooling water circulation pipe 905. The cooling water circulation pipeline 905 is communicated with the pin internal cooling water circulation passage 702 in the outer cylinder of the machine barrel, and is sequentially communicated with the telescopic sleeve 904, the cooling tank 901, the cooling water circulation water tank 903, the cooling water circulation water pump 902 and the telescopic sleeve 904 in series to form a cooling water circulation system. When the extruder is operated, the cooling water circulating water pump 902 drives the cool cooling water in the cooling water circulating water tank 903 to flow into the pin cooling water circulating passage 702 along the cooling water circulating pipeline 905 through the telescopic sleeve 904; the hot cooling water flows from the other side of the cooling water circulation passage 702 through the telescopic sleeve 904, flows into the cooling tank 901 along the cooling water circulation pipe 905, is cooled by the cooling tank 901, and then flows back to the cooling water circulation water tank 903. Wherein the telescopic sleeve 904 can be lengthened or shortened along with the movement of the pin 7. The design of the telescopic sleeve in the invention is beneficial to keeping the position of other auxiliary cooling devices in the machine barrel when the pin moves up and down.

Referring to fig. 5, the cooling box 901 includes a cooling fan 9011, a cooling flow passage 9012, and a cooling box body 9013. The cooling channels 9012 are arranged in multiple rows to increase the heat exchange area and reduce the temperature quickly.

Compared with a common counter-rotating double-screw extruder, the auxiliary cooling device has obvious advantages in cooling. In a common counter-rotating double-screw extruder, the sizing material is mainly in a laminar flow state, and the heat exchange quantity between layers is small, so that the temperature of the sizing material is easily overhigh; compared with a common counter-rotating double-screw extruder, the pin with the cooling water circulation passage communicated with the inside of the extruder is inserted into the rubber material, so that the internal temperature of the rubber material can be effectively led out, the heat aggregation phenomenon is further reduced, the material temperature is enabled to be uniform, and the plasticizing quality is improved.

Compared with a common counter-rotating double-screw extruder, the extruder disclosed by the invention has the advantages that when the extruder is cleaned, the pin can be retracted to the initial position by controlling the pin lifting device, and then the screw is pulled out from the machine barrel by controlling the slide rail, so that the originally closed gap area between the inner wall of the machine barrel and the screw rib of the screw is exposed, and the extruder is convenient to clean independently.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express one embodiment of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variants can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.