阅读说明：本技术 一种高分子氟聚物基安全环保烟花发射药 (High-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant ) 是由 束庆海 吴启才 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种高分子氟聚物基安全环保烟花发射药,属于烟花爆竹技术领域。该安全环保烟花发射药由以下重量份配比和粒径的组分组成：高分子氟聚物30～75份,粒径50～400μm；活性金属粉25～70份,粒径10～75μm；硅烷偶联剂0.5～3份；粘结剂0.5～5份。所得产品具有无硫无氮、微烟、对环境友好、机械感度低、安全性高等优势,可广泛应用于烟花爆竹用发射药生产中。(The invention relates to a high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, and belongs to the technical field of fireworks and crackers. The safe and environment-friendly firework propellant consists of the following components in parts by weight and particle size: 30-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 25-70 parts of active metal powder, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder. The obtained product has the advantages of no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, environmental protection, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.)

1. The high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant is characterized in that: the polymer fluoropolymer/active metal/binder is used as a component and comprises the following components in parts by weight and particle size:

30-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 25-70 parts of active metal powder, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder.

2. The method for preparing the high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding a silane coupling agent into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing active metal powder into a solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain modified active metal powder;

step two: adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the modified active metal powder obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring for a certain time to obtain a binder-coated metal powder dispersion liquid;

step three: adding the high molecular fluorine polymer into the dispersion liquid obtained in the third step, and stirring for a certain time to obtain slurry;

step four: extruding and granulating the slurry obtained in the step three through a granulator, and drying the granules to obtain the safe and environment-friendly firework propellant.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the stirring time from the first step to the third step is 1-6 h, and the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm/min.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein: the soaking time in the step one is 6-12 hours.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein: the high molecular fluorine polymer in the first step comprises perfluoropolyether, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyfluoroolefin and polyfluoroalkane.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, and belongs to the technical field of fireworks and crackers.

Background

Black powder is one of the important raw materials in the production of fireworks and crackers. The black powder is made up by mixing three components of potassium nitrate (oxidant), charcoal (reductant) and sulfur (combustible), and has the advantages of low cost, safe operation and convenient production. However, the black powder can generate a large amount of black smoke during combustion, which affects the setting off effect of fireworks, and the combustion is incomplete, and the residue contains a large amount of oxides of carbon, sulfur and potassium and solid residues, which seriously pollutes the environment. In the aspect of safety, the black powder has high mechanical sensitivity, and can be ignited or exploded when being subjected to strong impact or friction, so that the safety is low in the production and transportation processes, and great danger is brought to lives and properties of people.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of high pollution, high mechanical sensitivity, high electrostatic and spark sensitivity and low safety in the production and transportation processes of the current black powder for fireworks and crackers, and provides a high-molecular fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly fireworks propellant.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention discloses a high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which takes high-molecular fluorine polymer/active metal/binder as a component and comprises the following components in parts by weight and particle size:

30-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 25-70 parts of active metal powder, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high polymer fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which is used for preparing the high polymer fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding a silane coupling agent into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing active metal powder into a solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain modified active metal powder;

step two: adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the modified active metal powder obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring for a certain time to obtain a binder-coated metal powder dispersion liquid;

step three: adding the high molecular fluorine polymer into the dispersion liquid obtained in the third step, and stirring for a certain time to obtain slurry;

step four: and E, extruding and granulating the slurry obtained in the step three through a granulator, and drying the granules to obtain the final product.

Preferably, the stirring time in the first step to the third step is 1-6 h, and the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm/min.

Preferably, the soaking time in the step one is 6-12 h.

Preferably, the high molecular weight fluoropolymer in step one is perfluoropolyether, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyfluoroolefin, polyfluoroalkane, or the like.

Has the advantages that:

1. the high-molecular fluorine polymer based novel safe and environment-friendly firework propellant disclosed by the invention has better thermal stability (the decomposition temperature is generally above 400 ℃), ageing resistance and chemical stability, has larger oxide than the heat generated by fluoride generated by metal powder reaction, and can release a large amount of heat (the explosion heat can reach 2150 kcal/kg). Meanwhile, the high molecular fluorine polymer has good compatibility with substances such as common combustible agents and additives of pyrotechnic compositions, has excellent long-term storage performance, and has good formability when applied to energetic materials such as pyrotechnic compositions. In addition, the combustion products of the high molecular fluorine polymer/active metal powder are carbon and fluoride particles, toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide and the like are not generated, and the method is environment-friendly. In terms of safety, the high molecular fluoropolymer/active metal powder exhibits a marked bluntness to mechanical impact and thermal action, and is therefore highly safe during production and transportation. Based on the subversive advantages, the high molecular fluorine polymer/active metal powder can be applied to the production of fireworks and crackers and is expected to completely replace black powder.

2. Compared with the traditional black powder, the novel high-molecular fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant disclosed by the invention has the advantages of no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, environmental friendliness, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.

3. The invention discloses a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which adopts conventional metal powder, fluorine polymer and the like as raw materials; the process of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, granulation, drying and the like is adopted, the process is simple, no special process requirement exists, the cost is low, and the batch production is convenient.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any manner. Unless otherwise indicated, the various starting materials used in the examples of the present invention are either conventionally available commercially or prepared according to conventional methods in the art using equipment commonly used in the laboratory. Unless defined or stated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Example 1

A high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant is prepared by 65 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 32 parts of active metal powder with the particle size of 10-75 mu m; 1 part of a silane coupling agent; 2 parts of binder.

A preparation method of a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps: (1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 32 parts of spherical magnesium powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the spherical magnesium powder is 10 mu m;

coating: weighing 2 parts of fluororubber 2311, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber is completely dissolved, dispersing the 32 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 67 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene powder into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the fluororubber, and stirring for 3 hours to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 200 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

Example 2

A preparation method of a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps: (1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH570, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 45 parts of spherical magnesium powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein, the particle size of the spherical magnesium powder is 10 μm;

coating: weighing 2 parts of polyurethane elastomer (with the molecular weight of 1000-3000), adding the polyurethane elastomer into ethyl acetate, stirring until the polyurethane elastomer is completely dissolved, dispersing 45 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 52 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the fluororubber, and stirring for 3 hours to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 100 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

Example 3

A preparation method of a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps: (1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 55 parts of spherical magnesium powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein, the particle size of the spherical magnesium powder is 10 μm;

coating: weighing 2 parts of fluororubber 2602, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber 2602 is completely dissolved, dispersing 55 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 42 parts of polyhexafluoropropylene powder, adding the polyhexafluoropropylene powder into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the fluororubber, and stirring for 3 hours to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyhexafluoropropylene powder is 120 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

Example 4

A preparation method of a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps: (1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 21 parts of spherical magnesium powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein, the particle size of the spherical magnesium powder is 10 μm;

coating: weighing 3 parts of fluororubber 2311, adding into ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber is completely dissolved, dispersing the 21 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 75 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene powder into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the fluororubber, and stirring for 3 hours to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 200 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.