阅读说明：本技术 一种高爆容型增程安全环保烟花发射药的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant ) 是由 束庆海 吴启才 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种高爆容型增程安全环保烟花发射药的制备方法,属于烟花爆竹技术领域。本发明主要由以下步骤组成：步骤一：用化学改性、包覆、混粉、干燥等工艺,得到氟聚物/活性金属粉配方发射药基础配方A；步骤二：将A基础配方发射药加入高爆容型增程剂通过混粉、造粒工艺,得到最终产品。本发明采用化学改性、包覆、混粉、造粒、干燥等工艺,过程简单,无特殊工艺要求,成本低,便于批量生产。本发明制备的产品具有爆容高、抛高高、无硫无氮、微烟、环境友好、机械感度低、安全性高等优势,可广泛应用于烟花爆竹用发射药生产中。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, and belongs to the technical field of fireworks and crackers. The invention mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a fluoropolymer/active metal powder formula propellant base formula A by using the processes of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, drying and the like; step two: and adding the propellant in the basic formula A into a high-detonation-volume range extender, and performing powder mixing and granulation processes to obtain a final product. The invention adopts the processes of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, granulation, drying and the like, has simple process, no special process requirement and low cost, and is convenient for batch production. The product prepared by the invention has the advantages of high detonation volume, high throwing height, no sulfur and nitrogen, little smoke, environmental friendliness, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.)

1. A preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant is characterized in that the high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant consists of a fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant basic formula and a high-detonation-volume range-extending agent; the high detonation volume range extender is added to improve the detonation volume and the throw height;

the preparation method mainly comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a fluoropolymer/active metal powder formula propellant base formula A by using the processes of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, drying and the like;

step two: and adding the propellant in the basic formula A into a high-detonation-volume range extender, and performing powder mixing and granulation processes to obtain a final product.

2. The preparation method of the high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant is prepared from 80-95 parts by weight of a basic formula and 5-15 parts by weight of a high-detonation-volume range extender.

3. The preparation method of the high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following basic formula: 30-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 25-70 parts of active metal powder, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder.

4. The preparation method of the high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the explosion-volume type range extender is chlorate, perchlorate or permanganate.

5. The preparation method of the high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the fluorine polymer is perfluoropolyether, polyfluoroolefin, polyfluoroalkane and perfluoroalkoxy resin.

6. The preparation method of the high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the active metal powder is spherical aluminum powder or spherical magnesium powder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, and belongs to the technical field of fireworks and crackers.

Background

Black powder is one of the important raw materials in the production of fireworks and crackers. Due to the huge hidden dangers of black powder in the aspects of environmental protection, safety and the like, the research and development of novel firework powder become a research hotspot. The high molecular fluorine polymer can generate violent self-maintaining oxidation reduction reaction with active metal, oxygen is not needed to participate, the raw material is free of sulfur and nitrogen, and the high molecular fluorine polymer has great potential in developing safe and environment-friendly firework propellant.

The composite material has excellent comprehensive performance, especially safety performance and environment friendship. The basic principle of the formula is that the violent oxidation-reduction reaction between the high molecular fluorine polymer and the active metal instantly releases high temperature of more than 3000 ℃ to the outside so as to perform expansion work on air. However, the raw materials such as the high molecular fluorine polymer and the spherical active metal used in the formulation are expensive. In order to meet the requirements of wide popularization and application, key countermeasures need to be made on cost reduction. Among them, reducing the amount of propellant is one of the approaches to solve this problem. However, the use of propellant powder is reduced, and the problem of insufficient projectile height is also caused. Aiming at the problems, on the premise of not reducing the projection height, the formula of the fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework with the range extending effect is developed, and the formula has very important significance for reducing the consumption of the fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework to realize cost control.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which adopts the processes of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, granulation, drying and the like, has simple process, no special process requirement, low cost and convenient batch production. The high detonation volume range extender is added into the product prepared by the invention, so that the detonation volume and the throw height are improved, and the product has the advantages of high detonation volume, high throw height, no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, environmental friendliness, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which consists of a fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant base formula and a high-detonation-volume range-extending agent. By adding the high detonation volume range extender, the detonation volume and the throw height are improved.

Preferably, the fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant is prepared from 80-95 parts by weight of the basic formula, 5-15 parts by weight of the high-detonation-volume range extender and 10-70 mu m in particle size.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which mainly comprises the following steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a fluoropolymer/active metal powder formula propellant base formula A by using the processes of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, drying and the like;

step two: and adding the propellant in the basic formula A into a high-detonation-volume range extender, and performing powder mixing and granulation processes to obtain a final product.

Preferably, the explosion-volume type range extender is chlorate, perchlorate, permanganate or the like.

Preferably, the fluoropolymer is: perfluoropolyethers, polyfluoroalkenes, polyfluoroalkanes, perfluoroalkoxy resins, and the like;

preferably, the active metal powder is: spherical aluminum powder, spherical magnesium powder, and the like.

Advantageous effects

1. The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, which adopts conventional metal powder, high-molecular fluoropolymer, a binder and a range-extending agent as raw materials; the process of chemical modification, coating, powder mixing, granulation, drying and the like is adopted, the process is simple, no special process requirement exists, the cost is low, and the batch production is convenient.

2. The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-detonation-volume-type range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant. Compared with the conventional propellant powder of a fluoropolymer/active metal powder system, the propellant powder can obviously improve the detonation volume and the throwing height of fireworks, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant powder for fireworks explosion.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any manner. Unless otherwise indicated, the various starting materials used in the examples of the present invention are either conventionally available commercially or prepared according to conventional methods in the art using equipment commonly used in the laboratory. Unless defined or stated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Example 1

A preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps:

(1) modified coating

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 30 parts of spherical magnesium powder and 8 parts of spherical aluminum powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the active metal powder is 10 mu m;

coating: weighing 3 parts of polyurethane elastomer, adding the polyurethane elastomer into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring until the polyurethane elastomer is completely dissolved, dispersing 38 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min, and obtaining the dispersion liquid of the metal powder coated by the polyurethane elastomer.

(2) Preparation by molding

Mixing powder: weighing 50 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride and 8 parts of high-explosive-capacity range-increasing agent potassium chlorate, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride and the high-explosive-capacity range-increasing agent potassium chlorate into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder on the polyurethane elastomer, and stirring for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

Compared with the high detonation volume range extender without the dosage, the formula of the propellant with the same mass (1.5g) is improved to 39 meters from the original 32 meters of the throw height, and is improved by 22 percent.

Example 2

A preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps:

(1) modified coating

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 20 parts of spherical magnesium powder and 20 parts of spherical aluminum powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the active metal powder is 10 mu m;

coating: weighing 2 parts of polyurethane elastomer, adding the polyurethane elastomer into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring until the polyurethane elastomer is completely dissolved, dispersing 40 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min, and obtaining the dispersion liquid of the metal powder coated by the polyurethane elastomer.

(2) Preparation by molding

Mixing powder: weighing 47 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride and 10 parts of high-explosive-capacity-increasing agent potassium perchlorate, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride and the high-explosive-capacity-increasing agent potassium perchlorate into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder on the polyurethane elastomer, and stirring for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

Compared with the high detonation volume range extender without the dosage, the formula of the propellant with the same mass (1.5g) is increased from the original 35m of the throw height to 52 m, and is increased by 48 percent.

Example 3

A preparation method of a high-detonation-volume range-extending safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps:

(1) modified coating

Surface modification: weighing 0.5 part of silane coupling agent KH570, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 12 parts of spherical magnesium powder and 8 parts of spherical aluminum powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the active metal powder is 10 mu m;

coating: weighing 1.5 parts of polyurethane elastomer, adding the polyurethane elastomer into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring until the polyurethane elastomer is completely dissolved, dispersing the 20 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min, and obtaining the dispersion liquid of the metal powder coated by the polyurethane elastomer.

(2) Preparation by molding

Mixing powder: weighing 66 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride and 12 parts of potassium permanganate serving as a high-detonation volume range extender, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride and the potassium permanganate into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder on the polyurethane elastomer, and stirring for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

Compared with the high detonation volume range extender without the dosage, the formula of the propellant with the same mass (1.5g) is improved to 41 meters from 31m of the original throw height, and is improved by 32 percent.

The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.