阅读说明：本技术 一种含钴废料回收再利用的方法 (Method for recycling cobalt-containing waste ) 是由 许开华 易全瑞 刘玉成 吴兵 全军 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及含钴废料回收技术领域,提供一种含钴废料回收再利用的方法,包括：步骤1：废料分类；步骤2：对不同类别的含钴废料分别进行加热还原：对每一种含钴废料,将该种含钴废料装入不锈钢烧舟,将不锈钢烧舟推入推板窑中,通入氢气,控制该种含钴废料对应的加热还原温度,进行加热还原,得到还原后废料为含钴粉末；步骤3：酸浸：将含钴粉末置于稀硫酸中进行酸浸出,得到浸出液为硫酸盐溶液；步骤4：萃取、除杂、分离：对浸出液进行萃取、除杂、分离后,得到硫酸钴单元液。本发明能够使得还原后得到的含钴粉末更易于酸浸出,在大幅度提高含钴废料回收再利用效率的同时保证安全性。(The invention relates to the technical field of cobalt-containing waste recovery, and provides a method for recovering and recycling cobalt-containing waste, which comprises the following steps: step 1: classifying the waste materials; step 2: respectively heating and reducing the cobalt-containing waste materials of different types: for each cobalt-containing waste, loading the cobalt-containing waste into a stainless steel burning boat, pushing the stainless steel burning boat into a pushed slab kiln, introducing hydrogen, controlling the heating reduction temperature corresponding to the cobalt-containing waste, and carrying out heating reduction to obtain reduced waste which is cobalt-containing powder; and step 3: acid leaching: placing the powder containing cobalt into dilute sulfuric acid for acid leaching to obtain a leaching solution which is a sulfate solution; and 4, step 4: extraction, impurity removal and separation: and extracting, removing impurities and separating the leaching solution to obtain cobalt sulfate unit solution. The method can ensure that the cobalt-containing powder obtained after reduction is easier to leach by acid, greatly improves the recycling efficiency of the cobalt-containing waste and ensures the safety.)

1. A method for recycling cobalt-containing waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: waste classification

Step 2: respectively heating and reducing different types of cobalt-containing waste materials

For each cobalt-containing waste, loading the cobalt-containing waste into a stainless steel burning boat, pushing the stainless steel burning boat into a pushed slab kiln, introducing hydrogen, controlling the heating reduction temperature corresponding to the cobalt-containing waste, and carrying out heating reduction to obtain reduced waste which is cobalt-containing powder;

and step 3: acid leaching

Placing the powder containing cobalt into dilute sulfuric acid for acid leaching to obtain a leaching solution which is a sulfate solution;

and 4, step 4: extracting, removing impurities and separating

And extracting, removing impurities and separating the leaching solution to obtain cobalt sulfate unit solution.

2. The method for recycling cobalt-containing waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the recycled cobalt-containing waste material is divided into three types including cobalt-containing ternary waste material, cobalt-containing binary waste material and cobalt-containing oxide waste material.

3. The method for recycling cobalt-containing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the stainless steel boat is loaded with waste in an amount of 15-20 kg.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the flow rate of hydrogen is controlled at 200-400L/h, and the heating and reducing temperatures of the cobalt-containing ternary waste, the cobalt-containing binary waste and the cobalt-containing oxide waste are respectively controlled at 550-580 ℃, 580-620 ℃ and 620-650 ℃.

5. The method for recycling cobalt-containing waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid is 3-10M.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cobalt-containing waste recovery, in particular to a method for recycling cobalt-containing waste.

Background

Cobalt metal is an important strategic metal in the world at present, is an important raw material in the field of manufacturing lithium batteries and hard alloys, and is praised as industrial monosodium glutamate by the industry. With the rapid development of new energy industry in China and the rapid development of fields such as high-speed rails and automobiles, the demand for cobalt also increases geometrically. China is a country with deficient cobalt resources, the yield of raw ores per year is only 5000 tons, and the demand can not be met. Therefore, the resource utilization of the cobalt-containing waste is very important.

The project of recycling the cobalt-containing waste is increasingly supported by the government, and the existing recycling technology of the cobalt-containing waste has a plurality of difficulties. The current cobalt-containing waste recycling technology is common in that a single acid leaching method is adopted to prepare battery-grade cobalt sulfate, the efficiency of the method is 50-60%, the productivity cannot be improved all the time, and the industrial production is severely limited.

With the increasing variety of cobalt-containing waste materials, the efficiency of the traditional acid leaching method is greatly reduced. In order to accelerate the leaching efficiency of the waste, the cobalt-containing waste is treated by adopting a mixed acid leaching method of sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the industry, the treatment efficiency is greatly improved, but the nitric acid belongs to an easily explosive product, is not beneficial to large-scale storage and use, and urgently needs a cobalt-containing waste recycling technology with high treatment efficiency and safety.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for recycling cobalt-containing waste, which can greatly improve the recycling efficiency of the cobalt-containing waste and ensure the safety.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for recycling cobalt-containing waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: waste classification

Step 2: respectively heating and reducing different types of cobalt-containing waste materials

For each cobalt-containing waste, loading the cobalt-containing waste into a stainless steel burning boat, pushing the stainless steel burning boat into a pushed slab kiln, introducing hydrogen, controlling the heating reduction temperature corresponding to the cobalt-containing waste, and carrying out heating reduction to obtain reduced waste which is cobalt-containing powder;

and step 3: acid leaching

Placing the powder containing cobalt into dilute sulfuric acid for acid leaching to obtain a leaching solution which is a sulfate solution;

and 4, step 4: extracting, removing impurities and separating

And extracting, removing impurities and separating the leaching solution to obtain cobalt sulfate unit solution.

Further, in the step 1, the recovered cobalt-containing waste materials are divided into three types including cobalt-containing ternary waste materials, cobalt-containing binary waste materials and cobalt-containing oxide waste materials.

Further, in the step 2, the weight of the stainless steel burning boat loaded with the waste is 15-20 kg.

Further, in the step 2, the flow rate of the hydrogen gas is controlled at 200-.

Further, in the step 3, the concentration of the dilute sulfuric acid is 3-10M.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the waste containing cobalt is subjected to classified heating reduction and then is subjected to acid leaching, so that the heating reduction temperature of each waste containing cobalt can be respectively controlled, the powder containing cobalt obtained after reduction is easier to be subjected to acid leaching, the acid leaching efficiency is greatly improved, the recycling efficiency of the waste containing cobalt can be improved, the safety can be ensured, and the technical problems of low efficiency and low safety of a mixed acid leaching method of sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the prior art in a single acid leaching method are solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for recycling cobalt-containing waste of the present invention in example 1.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the method for recycling cobalt-containing waste material of the present invention in this example 1 includes the following steps:

step 1: waste classification

Among the cobalt-containing waste materials recovered from battery material plants, positive electrode material plants, precursor plants, cemented carbide enterprises, and the like, there are ternary materials, binary materials, tricobalt tetraoxide, and cobalt oxide materials. In example 1, the recovered cobalt-containing waste materials were classified into three types including cobalt-containing ternary waste materials, cobalt-containing binary waste materials, and cobalt-containing oxide waste materials.

Step 2: respectively heating and reducing different types of cobalt-containing waste materials

And (2) for each cobalt-containing waste, loading the cobalt-containing waste into a stainless steel burning boat, pushing the stainless steel burning boat into a pushed slab kiln, introducing hydrogen, controlling the heating reduction temperature corresponding to the cobalt-containing waste, and heating and reducing to obtain reduced waste which is cobalt-containing powder.

In example 1, the weight of the loaded waste of the stainless steel boat was 15kg, the flow rate of hydrogen gas was controlled at 200L/h, and the heating reduction temperatures of the cobalt-containing ternary waste, the cobalt-containing binary waste, and the cobalt-containing oxide waste were controlled at 550 deg.C, 580 deg.C, and 620 deg.C, respectively.

And step 3: acid leaching

And (3) placing the cobalt-containing powder into dilute sulfuric acid for acid leaching to obtain a leaching solution, namely a sulfate solution.

In example 1, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid was 3M.

And 4, step 4: extracting, removing impurities and separating

And extracting, removing impurities and separating the leaching solution to obtain cobalt sulfate unit solution.

Example 2

The present embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that:

in the heating reduction process, the weight of the stainless steel boat loaded waste is 17.5kg, the flow rate of hydrogen is controlled at 300L/h, and the heating reduction temperatures of the cobalt-containing ternary waste, the cobalt-containing binary waste and the cobalt-containing oxide waste are respectively controlled at 565 ℃, 600 ℃ and 635 ℃. During the acid leaching process, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid is 6.5M.

Example 3

The present embodiment 3 differs from embodiment 1 in that:

in the heating reduction process, the weight of the stainless steel boat loaded waste is 20kg, the flow rate of hydrogen is controlled at 400L/h, and the heating reduction temperatures of the cobalt-containing ternary waste, the cobalt-containing binary waste and the cobalt-containing oxide waste are respectively controlled at 580 ℃, 620 ℃ and 650 ℃. During the acid leaching process, the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid is 10M.

According to the invention, the waste containing cobalt is subjected to classified heating reduction and then is subjected to acid leaching, so that the heating reduction temperature of each waste containing cobalt can be respectively controlled, the powder containing cobalt obtained after reduction is easier to be subjected to acid leaching, the acid leaching efficiency can be improved to more than 90% from below 50% of that of the traditional single acid leaching method, and compared with a mixed acid leaching method of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, the safety is improved, so that the recycling efficiency of the waste containing cobalt can be improved, and the safety can be ensured.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The above examples are only for explaining the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the scope of protection of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by those skilled in the art from the above-described embodiments without any creative effort, namely all modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention claimed.