阅读说明：本技术 一种水电站泄洪闸门集成控制方法及系统 (Hydropower station flood discharge gate integrated control method and system ) 是由 张鹏程 宁美江 于 2021-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水电站泄洪闸门集成控制方法及系统,该方法包括步骤：采用二插值法计算闸坝出库流量、单位时间内库容的变化；计算单位时间入库增量流量；计算出闸坝泄流出库流量；采用插值法计算出机组效率、出机组发电出库流量；确定当前实际的入库流量；计算闸门开度并将开度值发送至闸门控制模块,自动调节闸门开度。本发明降低了劳动强度,节省人力,简化水库调度程序；计算间隔密集,能实现库区水位的精准控制；实现了各系统的无缝集成,节省项目建设费用。(The invention discloses a hydropower station flood discharge gate integrated control method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating the flow of the gate dam out of the warehouse and the change of the warehouse capacity in unit time by adopting a binary interpolation method; calculating the warehousing increment flow of unit time; calculating the flow of the discharged flow of the gate dam out of the reservoir; calculating the unit efficiency and the output flow of the generated power of the unit by an interpolation method; determining the current actual warehousing flow; and calculating the opening degree of the gate, sending the opening degree value to the gate control module, and automatically adjusting the opening degree of the gate. The invention reduces the labor intensity, saves the labor power and simplifies the reservoir dispatching program; the calculation interval is dense, and the accurate control of the reservoir water level can be realized; seamless integration of all systems is realized, and project construction cost is saved.)

1. An integrated control method for a hydropower station flood discharge gate is characterized by comprising the following steps:

when the gate needs to be opened and flood discharge is carried out, the water level is taken as a variable, and the change of the flow of the gate dam out of the reservoir and the reservoir content in unit time is calculated by adopting a binary interpolation method;

acquiring the generating load data of the unit in real time, and calculating the warehousing increment flow Q3 in unit time;

calculating the flow Q1 of the discharged flow of the gate dam out of the warehouse by an interpolation method;

calculating the unit efficiency eta by adopting an interpolation method according to the operating characteristic curve of the generator set, and calculating the unit power generation warehouse-out flow Q2 according to a water turbine power generation output formula;

determining the current actual warehousing flow, wherein the actual warehousing flow is sluice dam ex-warehouse flow Q1+ power generation ex-warehouse flow Q2+ reservoir warehousing incremental flow Q3;

and calculating the opening degree of the gate to be opened under the condition of keeping the control target water level under the current warehousing flow, sending the opening degree value to the gate control module, and automatically adjusting the opening degree of the gate.

2. The integrated control method for the flood gate of the hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the principle of the warehousing flow calculation is an warehousing balance formula:

wherein, the reservoir capacity changes in unit time, namely the end-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity, and the initial-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity.

3. The integrated control method for the flood gate of the hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the calculation process for calculating the change of the flow rate Q0 and the storage capacity Q1 in unit time by adopting a binary interpolation method comprises the following steps:

according to finite sampling point values on a known characteristic curve, curve fitting of a local area is carried out through a polynomial, numerical values f (x1), f (x2) and f (x3) … f (xn) of a plurality of known sampling points x0, x1 and x2 … xn are set, an approximate function p (x) f (x) is constructed, conditions p (xi) f (xi) (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) are met, conditions p (xi) f (xi) and (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) are met, and then p (x) is an interpolation function of f (x), and is expressed through a quadratic curve of polynomial fitting.

4. The integrated control method for the floodgate of the hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the warehousing incremental flow rate Q3 per unit time is Δ Q/Δt; wherein Δ T is time; Δ Q is the warehousing incremental flow.

5. The integrated control method for the floodgate of the hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic turbine power generation output formula P is 9.81Q H η; wherein P is the unit active power and H is the head pressure.

6. The utility model provides a power station flood discharge gate integrated control system which characterized in that includes:

the signal input module is used for acquiring generating load data, reservoir water level data and gate opening data of the unit in real time;

the reservoir dispatching calculation module is used for calculating the change of the ex-warehouse flow and the warehouse capacity in unit time according to the unit power generation load data, the reservoir water level data and the gate opening data which are acquired in real time by a binary interpolation method;

the gate control module is used for calculating the opening degree of a gate;

the data communication module is used for communicating the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the computer monitoring system;

the storage module is used for storing curve parameters of a layer water level-reservoir capacity characteristic curve, a gate discharge curve, a dam overflow curve and a generator set operation characteristic curve;

the control output module is used for outputting a gate opening control parameter which is required to be opened under the condition of keeping the target water level;

the signal input module is connected with the input end of the reservoir dispatching calculation module; the output end of the reservoir dispatching calculation module is connected with the input end of the gate control module and the data communication module; the output sheet of the gate control module is connected with the data communication module and the control output module; the data communication module is used for connecting a computer monitoring system.

7. The integrated control method for the flood discharge gate of the hydropower station according to claim 6, wherein the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the data communication module are integrated in a PCC control system.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy systems, in particular to a hydropower station flood discharge gate integrated control method and system.

Background

For a low-head radial-flow hydropower station, the hydropower station undertakes two tasks of flood control and power generation, and because the regulation reservoir capacity is limited, when the upstream water is large, how to scientifically and reasonably regulate the opening of a gate according to the warehousing flow and a power generation dispatching curve can fully utilize water resources, and the maximum power generation benefit generated while ensuring the safety of a dam is a great test for a reservoir dispatching attendant. The traditional technical method is that a reservoir dispatching attendant reversely pushes the flow in and out of the reservoir according to a water level-reservoir capacity characteristic curve, then manually calculates a rough gate opening by combining the generated current, a gate discharge curve and the overflow quantity, and then informs a gate operator to adjust the gate opening in time, the upstream water inflow has large change, the gate opening usually needs to be frequently adjusted and usually needs to be calculated and adjusted once within 15 minutes, and the method for manually calculating and manually adjusting the gate opening has the advantages of high labor intensity, frequent operation, insufficient adjustment precision and incapability of fully utilizing water resources.

The traditional gate opening calculation has the following technical defects: firstly, the generated current cannot be accurately calculated by acquiring the load of the unit in real time, and the data acquired by manually searching curves is relatively rough, so that the calculation result of the gate opening is relatively rough, and the full utilization of water resources cannot be realized; secondly, the traditional calculation method cannot realize short-time intensive calculation, and the optimal decision of the gate opening degree is difficult to realize.

In addition, the traditional technical means is that a set of reservoir dispatching system (or manual calculation) and a set of gate control system are usually arranged independently, according to the power monitoring network safety protection regulations, network safety partition must be carried out on information systems belonging to different business functions, reservoir dispatching belongs to two areas, gate control belongs to one area, and network firewall isolation must be adopted between the two areas.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide an integrated control method for a floodgate of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps:

when the gate needs to be opened and flood discharge is carried out, the water level is taken as a variable, and the change of the flow of the gate dam out of the reservoir and the reservoir content in unit time is calculated by adopting a binary interpolation method;

acquiring the generating load data of the unit in real time, and calculating the warehousing increment flow Q3 in unit time;

calculating the flow Q1 of the discharged flow of the gate dam out of the warehouse by an interpolation method;

calculating the unit efficiency eta by adopting an interpolation method according to the operating characteristic curve of the generator set, and calculating the unit power generation warehouse-out flow Q2 according to a water turbine power generation output formula;

determining the current actual warehousing flow, wherein the actual warehousing flow is sluice dam ex-warehouse flow Q1+ power generation ex-warehouse flow Q2+ reservoir warehousing incremental flow Q3;

and calculating the opening degree of the gate to be opened under the condition of keeping the control target water level under the current warehousing flow, sending the opening degree value to the gate control module, and automatically adjusting the opening degree of the gate.

Preferably, the principle of the warehouse entry flow calculation is an warehouse entry and exit balance formula:

wherein, the reservoir capacity changes in unit time, namely the end-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity, and the initial-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity.

Preferably, the calculation process of calculating the warehouse flow rate Q0 and the change of the warehouse capacity Q1 in unit time by adopting the binary interpolation method is as follows:

according to finite sampling point values on a known characteristic curve, curve fitting of a local area is carried out through a polynomial, numerical values f (x1), f (x2) and f (x3) … f (xn) of a plurality of known sampling points x0, x1 and x2 … xn are set, an approximate function p (x) f (x) is constructed, conditions p (xi) f (xi) (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) are met, conditions p (xi) f (xi) and (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) are met, and then p (x) is an interpolation function of f (x), and is expressed through a quadratic curve of polynomial fitting.

Preferably, the unit-time warehousing incremental flow rate Q3 is ═ Δ Q/. DELTA.t; wherein Δ T is time; Δ Q is the warehousing incremental flow.

Preferably, the turbine power generation output formula P is 9.81Q H η; wherein P is the unit active power and H is the head pressure.

An integrated control system for a hydropower station flood gate, comprising:

the signal input module is used for acquiring generating load data, reservoir water level data and gate opening data of the unit in real time;

the reservoir dispatching calculation module is used for calculating the change of the ex-warehouse flow and the warehouse capacity in unit time according to the unit power generation load data, the reservoir water level data and the gate opening data which are acquired in real time by a binary interpolation method;

the gate control module is used for calculating the opening degree of a gate;

the data communication module is used for communicating the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the computer monitoring system;

the control output module is used for outputting a gate opening control parameter which is required to be opened under the condition of keeping the target water level;

the signal input module is connected with the input end of the reservoir dispatching calculation module; the output end of the reservoir dispatching calculation module is connected with the input end of the gate control module and the data communication module; the output sheet of the gate control module is connected with the data communication module and the control output module; the data communication module is used for connecting a computer monitoring system.

Preferably, the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the data communication module are integrated in the PCC control system.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

labor intensity is reduced, manpower is saved, and a reservoir dispatching program is simplified;

the calculation interval is dense, and the accurate control of the reservoir water level can be realized;

seamless integration of all systems is realized, and project construction cost is saved;

according to the invention, the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the characteristic curve parameters and the gate control module are arranged on the PCC (programmable computer controller) together, so that seamless integration of the reservoir dispatching and gate control system is realized, and full automation of reservoir dispatching is really realized.

According to the invention, real-time communication of data of the reservoir dispatching system and the power station computer monitoring system is realized through the PCC controller, data such as unit load, water level, gate opening and the like are directly collected and fused in the same controller through a communication system or a sensor, and the PCC controller is not provided with a windows operating system, so that the network security is very high, the requirement of electric power secondary security is completely met, network security equipment such as a firewall is not required to be separately deployed, and the system investment is saved; the labor intensity is reduced, the labor is saved, and the reservoir dispatching program is simplified; the calculation interval is dense, and the accurate control of the reservoir water level can be realized; seamless integration of all systems is realized, and project construction cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for integrated control of a floodgate of a hydropower station;

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an integrated control system for a floodgate of a hydropower station;

fig. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an interpolation characteristic.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

as shown in fig. 1, the integrated control method for the flood discharge gate of the hydropower station comprises the following steps:

when the gate needs to be opened and flood discharge is carried out, the water level is taken as a variable, and the change of the flow of the gate dam out of the reservoir and the reservoir content in unit time is calculated by adopting a binary interpolation method;

acquiring the generating load data of the unit in real time, and calculating the warehousing increment flow Q3 in unit time;

calculating the flow Q1 of the discharged flow of the gate dam out of the warehouse by an interpolation method;

calculating the unit efficiency eta by adopting an interpolation method according to the operating characteristic curve of the generator set, and calculating the unit power generation warehouse-out flow Q2 according to a water turbine power generation output formula;

determining the current actual warehousing flow, wherein the actual warehousing flow is sluice dam ex-warehouse flow Q1+ power generation ex-warehouse flow Q2+ reservoir warehousing incremental flow Q3;

and calculating the opening degree of the gate to be opened under the condition of keeping the control target water level under the current warehousing flow, sending the opening degree value to the gate control module, and automatically adjusting the opening degree of the gate.

Preferably, the principle of the warehouse entry flow calculation is an warehouse entry and exit balance formula:

wherein, the reservoir capacity changes in unit time, namely the end-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity, and the initial-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity.

Preferably, the calculation process of calculating the warehouse flow rate Q0 and the change of the warehouse capacity Q1 in unit time by adopting the binary interpolation method is as follows:

according to finite sampling point values on a known characteristic curve, curve fitting of a local area is carried out through a polynomial, numerical values f (x1), f (x2) and f (x3) … f (xn) of a plurality of known sampling points x0, x1 and x2 … xn are set, an approximate function p (x) f (x) is constructed, conditions p (xi) f (xi) (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) are met, conditions p (xi) f (xi) and (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) are met, and then p (x) is an interpolation function of f (x), and is expressed through a quadratic curve of polynomial fitting.

Preferably, the unit-time warehousing incremental flow rate Q3 is ═ Δ Q/. DELTA.t; wherein Δ T is time; Δ Q is the warehousing incremental flow.

Preferably, the turbine power generation output formula P is 9.81Q H η; wherein P is the unit active power and H is the head pressure.

As shown in fig. 2, an integrated control system for a floodgate of a hydropower station comprises:

the signal input module is used for acquiring generating load data, reservoir water level data and gate opening data of the unit in real time;

the reservoir dispatching calculation module is used for calculating the change of the ex-warehouse flow and the warehouse capacity in unit time according to the unit power generation load data, the reservoir water level data and the gate opening data which are acquired in real time by a binary interpolation method;

the gate control module is used for calculating the opening degree of a gate;

the data communication module is used for communicating the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the computer monitoring system;

the control output module is used for outputting a gate opening control parameter which is required to be opened under the condition of keeping the target water level;

the signal input module is connected with the input end of the reservoir dispatching calculation module; the output end of the reservoir dispatching calculation module is connected with the input end of the gate control module and the data communication module; the output sheet of the gate control module is connected with the data communication module and the control output module; the data communication module is used for connecting a computer monitoring system.

Preferably, the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the data communication module are integrated in the PCC control system.

Specifically, the water level-reservoir capacity characteristic curve, the power generation plan scheduling curve, the gate leakage curve, the dam overflow curve and the generator set operation characteristic curve are solidified in the controller parameter storage module through the reservoir scheduling calculation module arranged in the gate opening controller. The controller collects reservoir water level, gate opening and unit power generation output in real time. The reservoir dispatching calculation module carries out calculation once every 15 minutes, the opening degree of the gate is automatically calculated, in order to prevent frequent adjustment of the gate, when the difference between the calculated opening degree and the current opening degree is larger than a certain threshold value, the adjusting calculation module sends the opening degree calculation result to the gate control module to automatically adjust the opening degree of the gate, and the gate number of the adjusted opening degree can be preset by a person on duty through the reservoir dispatching calculation module.

When the upstream water is large and the floodgate needs to be opened for flood discharge, the reservoir dispatching calculation module takes the water level as a variable, the reservoir dispatching calculation module built in the PCC firstly calculates the warehousing flow, the calculation principle is an warehousing balance formula, and the calculation method is as follows:

wherein, the reservoir capacity changes in unit time, namely the end-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity, and the initial-term water level corresponds to the reservoir capacity.

The change of the delivery flow and the storage capacity in unit time adopts a two-interpolation method in the reservoir scheduling calculation module, and the two-interpolation algorithm process is as follows:

according to finite sampling point values on a known characteristic curve, curve fitting of a local area is performed through a polynomial, for example, as shown in fig. 3, values f (x1), f (x2) and f (x3) … f (xn) of a plurality of points of known local x0, x1 and x2 … xn are constructed, a simple and easy-to-calculate approximation function p (x) is formed, a condition p (xi) f (xi) (i 1, 2 and 3 … n) is satisfied, p (x) is an interpolation function called f (x), the commonly used interpolation function is a polynomial, and a true curve is expressed through a quadratic curve of polynomial fitting, so that the purpose of characteristic interpolation is achieved.

And (3) calculating the adjusting opening degree of the gate:

1. calculating actual warehousing flow according to real-time water level

Calculating the final and initial reservoir capacities by a binary interpolation method according to a water level reservoir capacity curve, wherein a reservoir capacity characteristic curve is as shown in the following figure, and the reservoir capacity Q0 is calculated by an interpolation algorithm according to the initial (0 moment) water level; the stock-in incremental flow rate Q3 is Δ Q/. DELTA.t (Δ T is 15) per 15 minutes by calculating the stock-in capacity Q15 by an interpolation algorithm from the end-of-term (15-minute) water level and calculating the stock-in capacity change amount Δ Q per 15 minutes (Q15-Q0).

Directly calculating the flow Q1 of the sluice dam discharged flow out of the reservoir by adopting a binary interpolation method according to the sluice discharge curve and the dam overflow curve;

the unit efficiency eta is calculated by interpolation according to the operation characteristic curve of the generator set, and the unit power generation ex-warehouse flow Q2 is calculated according to the water turbine power generation output formula P-9.81Q H eta (P is the unit active power, and H is the water head pressure).

According to the calculation result, the current actual warehousing flow rate is determined to be Q1 (gate dam ex-warehouse flow rate)' + Q2 (power generation ex-warehouse flow rate) + Q3 (reservoir in-warehouse increment flow rate).

2. Calculating the opening degree of the gate according to the actual warehousing flow and the control target water level:

the actual warehousing flow obtained by the first step is used as a known quantity, the unit power generation load is collected in real time and is also a known quantity, in the warehousing and ex-warehousing balance formula, the control target water level is used as an independent variable, the gate opening is used as a dependent variable, a reservoir dispatching attendant can set the control target water level and the number of gates needing to be opened, according to the warehousing and ex-warehousing balance formula, the system automatically calculates the gate opening which is required to be opened under the condition that the control target water level is kept under the current warehousing flow, and sends the opening value to the gate control module to automatically adjust the gate opening.

The reservoir dispatching calculation module, the gate control module and the data communication module are integrated in the PCC, seamless connection of data interfaces among software modules is achieved, and automatic and reliable transmission is achieved.

According to the invention, real-time communication of data of the reservoir dispatching system and the power station computer monitoring system is realized through the PCC controller, data such as unit load, water level, gate opening and the like are directly collected and fused in the same controller through a communication system or a sensor, and the PCC controller is not provided with a windows operating system, so that the network security is very high, the requirement of electric power secondary security is completely met, network security equipment such as a firewall is not required to be separately deployed, and the system investment is saved.

The system adopts PCC (programmable computer controller) as the core of an automatic control system, a reservoir dispatching calculation module is arranged in the controller, and parameters of a water level-reservoir capacity characteristic curve, a gate discharge curve, a dam overflow curve and a generator set operation characteristic curve are solidified in a controller parameter storage module. The controller is provided with a digital quantity input module, a digital quantity output module, an analog quantity acquisition module and an MODBUS communication module. The digital quantity input module acquires state information of the gate equipment; the analog quantity module collects analog quantity information such as reservoir water level, gate opening and the like; the communication module is communicated with the power station computer monitoring system to acquire the real-time power generation load of the power station unit.

The signal input module comprises an analog input module and a switching value input module, wherein the analog input module adopts an AI744 module, the switching value input module adopts a DI135 module, the switching value output module adopts a DM465 module, and a B & L2003 controller.

Compared with the traditional scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the labor intensity is reduced, the labor is saved, and the reservoir dispatching program is simplified.

According to the invention, the reservoir dispatching calculation module, the characteristic curve parameters and the gate control module are arranged on the PCC (programmable computer controller) together, so that the limitation of network safety partition is broken through, the data such as real-time power generation load, power generation plan curve and the like of a computer monitoring system can be automatically collected, the data required by the calculation of all the reservoir dispatching systems is not required to be manually input, and the calculation process is fully automatic;

2. the calculation interval is dense, and the accurate control of the reservoir water level can be realized.

All reservoir dispatching calculation programs are completely automatically carried out without human intervention, the interval time of the reservoir dispatching calculation programs can be set according to the field condition, the normally set calculation interval time is 15 minutes, the dispatching requirement can be completely met, the traditional manual input or manual calculation mode improves the calculation intensity, the accurate control of the target water level can be realized, the influence of severe fluctuation of the water level on the generating output of the unit is prevented, the generating benefit of the unit is provided, the running stability of the unit is improved, and the water resource is fully utilized.

3. Seamless integration of all systems is realized, and project construction cost is saved.

The invention realizes the seamless integration of the reservoir dispatching system, the gate control and the computer monitoring system, is jointly deployed in the PCC control, does not need to independently build the reservoir dispatching system, realizes reliable data communication with the computer monitoring system and saves the investment of the network security construction of the system.

The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.