阅读说明：本技术 一种深海开闭可控空间加重力块排水的发电装置 (Power generation device capable of draining water through gravity block in open-close controllable space in deep sea ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种深海开闭可控空间加重力块排水的发电装置,是建设在海床之上的深海中、或是建造一个海面浮体下悬挂结构,由开放储能空间、封闭产能空间和开闭可控导能空间组成的一个整体系统性的深海水电站。(A power generation device for draining water by a gravity block in a deep sea open-close controllable space is built in the deep sea above a sea bed or a sea surface floating body lower suspension structure, and an integral systemic deep sea hydropower station is composed of an open energy storage space, a closed energy production space and an open-close controllable energy guide space.)

1. A power generation device for draining water by a gravity block in a deep sea open-close controllable space is a technical scheme of a deep sea hydroelectric power station of an overall system consisting of two independent and mutually related deep sea water inflow power generation subsystems and a deep sea drainage bin gravity block tail water drainage subsystem, wherein the overall system of the power station can be divided into an open ocean energy storage space, a closed energy production space and an open-close controllable energy guiding space. The technical characteristics are as follows: the total system building stands on the deep sea bed, and the pile foot of the building supports and bears the weight of the total system; the overall system can also be built as a suspended structure below the sea surface float, the weight of which is borne by the float; the deep sea water intake power generation subsystem is a closed capacity space of the overall system; the subsystem for discharging tail water of the gravity block of the deep sea drainage bin is an open-close controllable energy-conducting space of the overall system; the N drainage bins gather and discharge tail water in turn; draining the water by the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block; the gravity block is a structural body which integrates the parts in a container type; the pulley block hoisting device for hoisting the gravity block is arranged on the inner wall of the drainage bin.

2. The overall system building of claim 1 stands on the deep sea bed, and is supported by the building's spud foot to bear the overall weight, and is technically characterized in that: the cylindrical main body of an office control area is used as a central circle, a plurality of channels are radiated outwards at equal angles to serve as a water delivery pipe and a space for installing a hydraulic generator, a concentric circle of a high-water-head water inlet outside the central circle, a concentric circle for installing the hydraulic generator, a concentric circle of a tail water discharge notch and a concentric circle for placing a drainage bin are connected, the cylindrical main body stands on a seabed, and the pile feet of each cylindrical barrel bear the weight. The building of the overall system may also be other arrangements such as square matrix, polygon, etc. depending on the terrain and water reality.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the overall system is also constructed as a suspended structure below a sea surface floating body, the floating body bears the overall weight, and the technical characteristics are as follows: various cylinders of the overall system structure are attached to and hung at the bottom of the floating body, the inner space of the floating body can be used as an office control area, and a power station of the overall system is suspended on a seabed so as to facilitate the discharge of power generation tail water. The offshore floating body power station can be additionally provided with driving force or can be dragged to perform necessary offshore transition movement.

4. The deep sea water intake power generation subsystem according to claim 1 is a closed energy production space of the overall system, and is characterized in that: the system comprises a central cylinder body which is vertical to a seabed from the sea surface, a space which is provided with a water inlet delivery pipe and a hydraulic generator from a water inlet at the deep sea to an inclined channel, a water outlet from the hydraulic generator to tail water, and an inner wall which is provided with a hoisting device and is provided with a drainage bin cylinder, belongs to a water inlet power generation subsystem, is a closed energy production space, and keeps normal pressure in the closed energy production space, and is different from the external deep sea pressure.

5. The deep sea drainage cabin gravity block tail water discharging subsystem is an open-close controllable energy guiding space of a total system, and is technically characterized in that: a series of opening and closing controllable drainage bins communicated from a tail water drainage opening of the hydraulic generator to the annular tail water drainage channel and a drainage gravity block at the upper parts of the drainage bins are energy guide spaces with controllable opening and closing, and normal pressure exists when the energy guide spaces with controllable opening and closing are closed to collect tail water. The energy-conducting space with controllable opening and closing plays a role in draining water in a river channel at the lower reaches of a low water head of high dam water and electricity.

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the N drainage bins gather and discharge tail water in turn, and the technical characteristics are as follows: each drainage bin is communicated with an annular tail water drainage channel of a tail water drainage opening of the hydraulic generator. The number of the drainage bins in charge of the tail water drainage of each hydraulic generator is inversely proportional to the time required by the drainage bins for water inlet and drainage each time and the capacity of the tail water collection, the bottom opening and closing of the drainage bins is controllable, the drainage bins are full of the collected tail water, the bottoms of the drainage bins are opened, the tail water is discharged, the bottoms of the drainage bins are closed, the tail water collection is waited for the next time, and meanwhile, the tail water of the hydraulic generator flows along the annular tail water drainage channel and enters the other drainage bin. The plurality of drainage bins can be alternately opened and closed to collect and drain water, so that the space with interval zones and controllable opening and closing of the whole system is kept to collect tail water for drainage forever and continuously, and the water inflow energy is kept to continuously drive the hydraulic generator.

7. The gravitational potential energy drainage of the gravity block as set forth in claim 1 is technically characterized in that: the upper part of the drainage bin is provided with an iron gravity block, the drainage bin is full of water, the gravity block is in a free falling body piston type gravity and falls to a certain height, the bottom of the drainage bin is opened, the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block and the tail water body in the drainage bin are combined, the tail water in the drainage bin is discharged into the outside deep sea water, and then the bottom of the drainage bin is closed. The gravity block is driven by mechanical force to lift and return to the original position to prepare for the next round of drainage. The lower stroke of the gravity block is the same as the height of the drainage bin. In design, the weight and the gravitational potential energy increment of the gravity block must be larger than the pressure acted on the bottom of the drainage bin by the external deep sea, and the tail water in the full bin can be drained.

8. The gravity block as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gravity block is a container type structure with a whole body, and is characterized in that: the structure is a header type multi-module zero-whole structure body, and a cylinder of the shape is matched with the inner diameter of a cylinder of a drainage bin. The gravity block is huge as a whole, and the box-type structure with the whole part broken into parts and the whole part broken into parts is beneficial to installation and removal. When the highest zero potential of the drainage bin exists, the gravity block is fixed by an automatic control mechanism, and then the gravity block loosens to drop and drain until the gravity block touches the bottom supporting structure to stop. The gravity block moving up and down in the drainage bin is connected with a hoisting hook bolt of a hoisting device on the inner wall of the drainage bin.

9. The pulley block hoisting device for the lifting gravity block arranged on the inner wall of the drainage bin is technically characterized in that: the drainage bin is provided with a double-layer hollow enclosure wall, can be provided with a series of multi-layer pulley block hoisting device machinery and is used for resetting the relay lifting gravity block. The double-layer hollow enclosing wall of the drainage bin and the series of multi-layer pulley block hoisting devices installed in the double-layer hollow enclosing wall belong to a water inlet power generation subsystem, the water inlet power generation subsystem is related to two subsystems in a total system, and the mechanical energy consumption of the pulley block hoisting devices is the mechanical transmission energy consumption in the power generation process and is reduced from the water inlet power generation capacity. And calculating by using an energy consumption power formula of the pulley block crane.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a power generation device for draining water by a gravity block in a controllable space opened and closed in deep sea: a closed space which is provided with a water inlet and is similar to a built-in hydraulic generator of a river high dam is built in the deep sea. Tail water after driving the hydraulic generator continuously flows into an opening and closing controllable space formed by N partitioned drainage bins from a closed space, a gravity block is arranged above each drainage bin, and a drainage door for opening and closing the drainage bins of the controllable space is arranged at the bottom of each drainage bin. When the drainage bin is full of water, the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block falling freely can be pressurized in tail water of the full bin, the bottom of the drainage bin is opened for drainage, then the bottom is closed, and the gravity block is lifted back and reset by a mechanical crane. The plurality of drainage bins are opened and closed for drainage in turn, and tail water is collected and drained ceaselessly in the space which is partitioned and spaced and is controllable in opening and closing of the whole system. The water inflow is kept to continuously drive the hydraulic generator. The invention relates to a technical scheme for generating power by utilizing universal gravitation. The method is suitable for the law of conservation of energy and the law of Newton's mechanics. The technical solution of the present invention will be demonstrated in detail in the section of "summary of the invention" of the present specification with respect to the problem of applicable theorem.

Background

The background technology created by the invention is high dam hydroelectric power, which is a mature technology. However, strictly speaking, reservoir water only has static gravity and does not have power to generate electricity, only water moving from a high-head water inlet of a high dam has gravitational potential energy to drive a hydraulic generator to generate electricity, and the gravitational potential energy of water movement is endowed by gravity. Therefore, hydroelectric power generation is essentially gravitational power generation. The high-low fall of the high dam creates conditions for water movement. The high dam reservoir stores huge gravitational energy, and the moving water is a medium for conducting the gravitational energy and transmits the energy to the hydraulic generator to drive the hydraulic generator to generate electricity. The flowing body of water is the carrier and conductor of gravitational energy. Hydroelectric power generation is just one technical scheme of gravitational power generation. Therefore, the attractive force can be utilized to generate electricity as long as the applicable technical scheme is available. According to the background technology of high dam power generation, a river-blocking high dam is built in order to obtain high reservoir capacity, obtain a water body with the largest mass and store the gravitational energy as large as possible. High dams are a human creation: it creates an open energy storage space for storing gravitational energy in a reservoir; the closed capacity-producing space for arranging the hydraulic generator in the high dam abdomen to generate electricity is created; the energy guiding space for tail water to enter a downstream river channel after power generation of a high dam power station is created. The three spaces which are open at the front and the back and are closed in the middle are a system of integral motion and a flow of gravitational power generation. As long as the three spaces are communicated smoothly, the fluid medium for bearing and conducting the attractive force can smoothly flow, and the attractive force can be converted into electric energy. If the water is a closed space system in deep water, the water inflow energy is used for generating electricity, the electricity consumption of water pumping and water drainage is more than or equal to the electricity generation amount, and the practicability is not realized according to the law of energy conservation. The key point is to have an applicable technical scheme, under the condition of being applicable to the law of conservation of energy, three spaces of hydroelectric power generation are connected to form a scientific and reasonable system flow, and the technical scheme has practicability. High dams are a familiar creature of the human being, which creates high head water electricity, and which also creates low head water drainage. High and low water heads lack one to generate electricity. However, when looking at a high dam power station, people often look at the former and ignore the importance of the latter. Rivers flow according to natural geographical conditions, and the difference between the upstream and the downstream is not obvious only by looking at a certain river section. The construction of the high dam creates the high head water discharge and the low head water discharge fall, and the low head water discharge condition created by the high dam is not a natural river channel but the low head water discharge condition created by the low dam. In high dam hydroelectric systems, low head drainage is even more important than high head hydroelectric power, because one of the principles of high dam power plants is that the discharge of tailwater must be higher than the downstream river. Only then, the tail water can obtain the gravitational potential energy higher than the geopotential resistance from the gravity, and can be smoothly discharged along the river channel. The kinetic energy discharged by the tail water is also from gravitational potential energy given by gravity, which is often not seen by people who are familiar with high dam hydroelectric power. The system of the power generation device for draining water by the gravity block in the open-close controllable space in the deep sea is a technical scheme of designing an integral system of three spaces similar to high dam hydroelectric power by using the principles of power generation and drainage of the high dam hydroelectric technology. It is crucial whether this solution applies to the law of conservation of energy.

Law of conservation of energy: energy is neither generated nor lost by void, it is only converted from one form to another, or transferred from one object to another, while the total amount of energy remains the same. Specifically, in the hydroelectric power generation, because the gravitational energy or gravitational potential energy is converted into mechanical energy and then converted into electric energy, according to the law of conservation of energy, the electric energy conversion efficiency of the generator in the power generation, the on-way friction loss in the water flow process, the friction phenomenon of each transmission mechanism such as a water turbine and the like exist, and the like, when the total input energy (gravitational potential energy) of one system is calculated and converted into another energy form, namely the electric energy output, each energy loss and the like are considered. However, the energy loss due to frictional resistance is generally small in the process of converting the motion energy form of the system, and the total input energy and the total output energy (including the loss energy) can be quantified and calculated. The purpose is as follows: although the energy form can be converted, the total amount of energy remains unchanged. Taking high dam hydroelectric power as an example, we are familiar with the hydroelectric power formula: p ═ 9.8QH η. In the formula: p is the generated power KW; 9.8 is the gravitational potential energy constant; q is quote second flow, H is head height; eta is the coefficient of the hydraulic turbine efficiency% and the generator efficiency%. The water turbine efficiency and the generator efficiency in China can reach 90 percent, so 90 percent and 90 percent are 81 percent. The energy conversion efficiency η of the hydroelectric power generation is 81%. That is, the energy loss is 19%. The total energy input and output of the energy conversion is calculated taking the three gorges power station as an example. According to the law of conservation of energy, the total energy output and input are equal. Dam height 185m, highest impoundment level 175m, highest head 110m, low head 65 m. The total input energy of the system of the three gorges power station is 175m gravitational potential energy increment; the total output energy is 110m, the efficiency eta of the high head gravitational potential energy is 81%, the power generation + mechanical transmission frictional resistance energy loss is 19% +65m, and the low head gravitational potential energy is used for tail water discharge. The technical scheme of the invention can also be applied to the law of energy conservation according to the calculation formula of high dam hydropower.

Hydroelectric power generation is gravitational power generation, namely gravitational potential energy power generation, and is applicable to Newton's law of mechanics: the first law is that all objects always keep a static state or a uniform linear motion state when not subjected to external force or zero resultant force. The second law is that the object can generate acceleration under the action of the resultant external force, the direction of the acceleration is the same as that of the resultant external force, and the magnitude of the acceleration is in direct proportion to that of the resultant external force and in inverse proportion to the inertial mass of the object. The third law, the acting force and the reacting force between two objects are on the same straight line, and the acting force and the reacting force have equal magnitude and opposite directions. The problem that the power generation device for draining water by adding the gravity block in the deep sea opening and closing controllable space is applicable to the Newton's law of mechanics is solved, and the first law is applicable to the power generation device when the gravity block is in a static zero potential and the bottom of the drainage bin is not opened; the hydroelectric generation works under the action of gravitational potential energy, and the increment and the direction of the gravitational potential energy of the moving water body are suitable for a second law; the third law applies to the transmission frictional resistance of the moving water body and each mechanical component. Especially, the gravitational potential energy under the second law condition is the main basis for hydroelectric power generation. Introduced according to the 'three gorges hydropower station water inlet form selection' (the expert group of the three gorges engineering plant of the northwest survey design institute of the ministry of electric power department, and the technical committee of the three gorges general company of Beijing) of the article 'three gorges construction of China' journal 1998 period 5: capacity of single machine for co-installation of three gorges power station 700MW unit 26, unit pressure pipeline length 150m, diameter 12.4m, single unit flow rate 966.4m³And s. "is this 966.4m³The quoted flow rate of/s impacts the water turbine generator to generate electricity under the action of gravitational potential energy.

Just because of gravitational potential energy, under the condition of applying the law of conservation of energy, the process and the result of converting the gravitational energy form into the electric energy form are generally different from the process and the result of converting the chemical energy form into the electric energy form. Fossil fuels are combusted to generate thermal energy which is converted into electric energy, and the thermal energy is exhausted after the fossil fuels are burnt out, which is the finite property of chemical energy. Is also a "finite" of non-renewable fossil energy sources. According to the law of conservation of energy, the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy is self-consistent and is completed after complete conversion. The gravitational potential energy form of the gravitational energy is converted into mechanical energy and then into electric energy through the transmission of fluid motion. According to the law of conservation of energy, the process of generating electricity by conducting gravitational potential energy by a moving water body with certain volume and mass is self-consistent, namely the process of generating electricity by water inflow is self-consistent. However, unlike the chemical energy conversion process, the gravitational potential energy is not completed after being converted into electric energy, and since there is a subsequent tail water discharge process, the discharge also requires energy. Practical observation shows that the tail water of the hydraulic generator still has energy flow and is not exhausted to be dried. Since according to the second law the magnitude of the attractive force is proportional to the mass of the object. Compared with water bodies with certain volume and mass, the mass of the earth is infinite and always exists, and the gravitational potential energy given to the moving water body is endless in source, which is the 'infinity' of gravitational energy and the 'infinity' of renewable energy. The problems of applying the law of conservation of energy are that the finite nature and the infinite nature of the non-renewable energy conversion form and the renewable energy conversion form are different from each other in general. Therefore, the gravitational potential energy form of the gravitational energy is converted into the electric energy form to be realized, and the high-dam hydroelectric power generation proves that the gravitational potential energy form of the gravitational energy can be converted into the electric energy, so that the technical scheme of the gravitational power generation is not necessarily terminated in the high-dam hydroelectric power generation, and a new feasible technical scheme needs to be discovered.

Disclosure of Invention

A power generation device for draining water by a gravity block in a deep sea open-close controllable space is built in the deep sea above a sea bed or a suspension structure below a sea surface floating body, and is a technical scheme of a deep sea hydroelectric power station of an overall system consisting of two independent and mutually related deep sea water intake power generation subsystems and a deep sea drainage bin gravity block tail water drainage subsystem. The concrete content is as follows:

opening an energy storage space: the aqueous fluid is a carrier and a conductor of gravitational energy. From the perspective of high dam water and electricity, the sea is an infinitely huge water body, endless gravitational energy is stored in the mass body, and the gravitational energy stored in a high dam reservoir can only be in direct proportion to the reservoir capacity of the high dam reservoir. Therefore, high dam reservoirs have limited energy storage. And the ocean stores energy in unlimited amounts;

and (3) sealing a capacity space: the seabed which is vertical to 250m from the water surface (all numbers are used as examples, but can be substituted into the formula when the technical scheme feasibility is calculated and demonstrated) is a cylinder with the diameter of 20m and standing on the seabed, and the cylinder is layered to be used as an office area, an instrument control area, a power transformation area, an electricity storage area and an electricity generation energy output area and is connected with a seabed electricity output cable. The floor areas of the vertical cylinder are connected by through elevators. The periphery of a vertical cylinder body from the water surface to 80m deep is provided with 6 water inlets, the cylinder body is used as a central circle, 6 channels with 3 dimensions and suitable for placing an inlet water pipe and a hydraulic generator are radiated from the water inlets at equal angles on the concentric circumference of the periphery of the cylinder body, namely, each channel space with the length of 100m from 80m to 100m of water depth is used as a place for placing the inlet water pipe and the hydraulic generator in a closed space, and 6 hydraulic generators are also arranged on the concentric circumference. From a water inlet with the depth of 80m, high-pressure water flow enters 1 pipeline with the diameter of 4m, the flow speed is 10m/s, and a hydraulic generator arranged at the end of a channel with the depth of 80m to 100m is driven. The tailwater discharge ports are also on a concentric circumference. Tail water sequentially enters cylindrical drainage bins arranged on a concentric circumference, gravitational potential energy is dropped by a gravity block above the drainage bins for drainage, and the gravity block is lifted and reset by a lifting device arranged on the inner wall of a cylinder of the drainage bins. Therefore, a cylinder body which is vertical to a seabed of 250m from the water surface, an inclined channel which is from a water inlet in the depth of 80m to the depth of 100m, a water inlet water pipe and a hydraulic generator space are arranged, a channel which is 100m long is arranged to a tail water drainage opening of the hydraulic generator, and the inner wall of a drainage bin cylinder installation hoisting device belongs to a water inlet power generation subsystem and is a closed capacity-generating space, and normal pressure is kept in the closed capacity-generating space and is different from external deep sea pressure;

according to a calculation formula of the power generation power of the dam power station: p ═ 9.8QH η. In the formula: p is the generated power; 9.8 is a gravitational potential energy constant; q is the flow rate in seconds, in the technical scheme of the invention, the cross section area equivalent to a water pipe with the diameter of 4 meters is 10 m/s-125.6 m³S; h is head height 80+20 ═ 100 m; eta is the coefficient of the hydraulic turbine efficiency% and the generator efficiency%. The water turbine efficiency and the generator efficiency in China can reach 90 percent, so 90 percent and 90 percent are 81 percent. Eta is 81%. The power generated by the deep sea hydraulic generator of the present invention is (theoretically) 9.8 x 125.6 x 100 x 81% to 99,701.28 kw. The deep sea hydroelectric station is characterized in that 6 equiangular radial 3-dimensional channels are built on a water level of 80-100 m, 6 hydraulic generators are mounted, and the power generation amount is 6x99,701.28-598,207.68 kw (theoretically). According to the law of conservation of energy, the total input and output energy of the water inlet power generation system is equal, namely the input water energy is equal to the power generation power output + (19% of the consumption energy of a water turbine and a generator). The energy conservation law is self-consistent from input water energy to output of generated power. So far, the technical scheme of the invention for water inflow power generation is the same as the general river high dam hydroelectric power generation principle, and is the gravitational potential energy power generation of water body movement caused by gravitation. The key difference of the invention lies in the technical scheme of tail water discharge.

Controllable energy-conducting space of switching: the radius of a central cylinder of the closed space is 10m, a water pipe and a hydraulic generator channel are arranged in a radiating mode by 100m, the central cylinder is a circle with the radius of 110m, the circumference is 690.8m long, and the central cylinder is a concentric circular tail water drainage channel connected with 6 hydraulic generator tail water drainage openings. Each water pipe and hydraulic generator channel with equal angle radiation can be equally divided into arcs with the length of about 115m on the circumference, 4 or N spaces which are distinguished at intervals and can be controlled to open and close are arranged on the arc, namely, drainage bins, the number of the drainage bins which are responsible for the drainage of the tail water of each hydraulic generator is inversely proportional to the required time for each time of water inlet and drainage of the drainage bins and the capacity of the tail water collection. The drainage bin is a cylinder which stands on the seabed, has a tail water collecting inlet in the depth of 100m, has the diameter of 20m and the height of 100m, and has the bottom which can be opened and closed controllably, and can collect tail water by about 31,400 mw.

The upper part of the drainage bin is provided with an iron 5,000-ton gravity block which is a header-type multi-module zero-whole structure body, the gravity block is huge in whole, and the header-type structure with the whole part broken into parts and the whole part broken into parts is beneficial to installation and removal. The gravity block-shaped cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the drainage bin cylinder. The drainage bin is full of water, the gravity block is in a free-falling piston type and falls to a certain height, the bottom of the drainage bin is opened, the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block and the tail water body in the drainage bin are combined, the tail water in the drainage bin is drained into the sea water with the depth of 200-250 m outside, and then the bottom of the drainage bin is closed. The lower stroke of the gravity block is the same as the height of the drainage bin. When the highest zero potential of the drainage bin exists, the gravity block is fixed by an automatic control mechanism, and then the gravity block loosens to drop and drain until the gravity block touches the bottom supporting structure to stop. The gravity block moving up and down in the drainage bin is connected with a lifting hook bolt of a lifting device on the inner wall of the drainage bin, and the gravity block is driven by mechanical force to lift and return to be reset to prepare for next round of drainage.

The drainage bin is provided with a double-layer enclosure wall with a hollow width of 2m, and can be provided with a series of multi-layer pulley block hoisting device machines for resetting the relay lifting gravity block. The double-layer hollow enclosing wall of the drainage bin and the pulley block hoisting device machinery with a series of layers mounted in the double-layer hollow enclosing wall belong to a water inlet power generation subsystem, the connection of the two subsystems in the overall system is realized, and the mechanical energy consumption of the pulley block hoisting device is the mechanical transmission energy consumption in the power generation process and is reduced from the water inlet power generation capacity. And calculating by using an energy consumption power formula of the pulley block crane.

The plurality of drainage bins on the circumference of the space with controllable opening and closing can alternately open and close water collection and drainage, the space with controllable opening and closing and the partition interval of the whole system are kept, tail water drainage is collected ceaselessly, and the water inlet energy source is kept to continuously drive the hydraulic generator. Therefore, a series of 20m diameter and 100m height drainage bins from the tail water discharge opening of the hydraulic generator with the water depth of 100m to the annular tail water spillway with the long circumference of 690.8m and drainage gravity blocks at the upper parts of the drainage bins are energy guide spaces with controllable opening and closing, and normal pressure exists when the energy guide spaces with controllable opening and closing are closed. The energy-conducting space with controllable opening and closing plays a role in draining water in a river channel at the lower reaches of a low water head of high dam water and electricity.

And (5) constructing a suspension structure below the sea surface floating body. In view of the complexity of construction on deep sea seabed and the possibility of the whole power station moving at sea, the power station structure of the whole system can be constructed and suspended at the bottom of a sea surface floating body, and the sea surface buoyancy is used for replacing the bearing force of the seabed. The floating body inner space can be used as an office control area. The power station of the overall system is suspended above the seabed, so that the tail water generated by power generation is conveniently discharged. The power station structure can be built on land in modular sections, and the difficulty of seabed construction engineering is avoided by a method of assembling offshore modular sections. The offshore floating body power station can be additionally provided with driving force or can be dragged to carry out necessary offshore transition movement.

The device is divided into three spaces: the hydropower station of 'a power generation device for draining power by a gravity block in a deep sea open-close controllable space', wherein the power generation device is characterized in that an energy storage space is opened, an energy production space is closed, and the energy guide space is controlled to open and close, is of a concentric circle structure shown in the attached drawing of the specification, the spatial positions of a hydraulic generator and a drainage bin are arranged, the arrangement of the hydraulic generator and the drainage bin can be a square matrix or other shape structures according to actual conditions such as terrain conditions, in short, the drainage bins of the open-close controllable space at intervals are alternately arranged, and tail water is drained by utilizing the gravitational potential energy increment of the gravity block.

Hydroelectric power generation is the conversion of gravitational energy into electrical energy through gravitational potential energy under the conduction of water flow motion. One of the keys of hydroelectric power generation is that tail water discharge can be endless. The key point of the technical scheme of the invention is the design of a plurality of drainage bins for opening and closing controllable spaces and the gravity block thereof, so that the tail is enabled to be opened and closedThe water discharge can be continued in turn. The drainage bins are circularly connected, and a closed loop of one water inlet and drainage movement of each drainage bin can be called as 'one cycle'. Under the action of gravity, the water current circularly moves towards the center of the earth, and the direction is as follows: water inflow power generation → water discharge cabin full of water → gravitational potential energy of the gravity block drainage → gravity block lifting and resetting. And preparing for the next round of drainage. The water circulation movement is carried out in space and time, and the time when one drainage bin is full is the required time of one circulation. The 'one cycle' is to be applied to the law of energy conservation, that is, under the condition that the total input energy is equal to the total output energy, the sum of the water inlet capacity and the water drainage energy consumption is required to be positive in the 'one cycle' time. The tail water collecting capacity of the drainage bin is 31,400m³The water inflow power generation quoted flow is 125.6m³And s, the time for filling the tail water in the drainage bin is 31 seconds, and the time for filling the tail water in the drainage bin is 400 seconds/125.6 seconds to 250 seconds. The other key point of the technical scheme of the invention is that the gravity block drains water, and the Newton's law of mechanics is applied, namely, the increment of the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block is larger than the deep sea pressure outside the drainage bin, so that tail water can be drained. According to the law of conservation of energy, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the total input energy is the total output energy which is the useful energy for power generation, the transmission loss energy of the power generation machinery and the energy consumed by the gravity block for lifting.

The total energy input to a system can be calculated and quantified, as can the total energy output of a system and its transmission and frictional energy losses. The total energy input of the system is equal to the gravitational potential energy increment of a water inlet power generation high water head 100m plus the gravitational potential energy increment of a gravity block drainage falling 100 m; and (4) total energy output is the power generation capacity, the power generation energy consumption, the energy consumption of the gravity block for lifting and resetting and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block for draining. The energy input and output of the gravity block for draining are equal, according to Newton's third law, the acting force is equal to the reacting force, and the input and output energy of the gravity block is equal when the gravity block touches the bottom.

The systematicness of the technical scheme of the invention can be divided into two subsystems: the functions and physical motions of the two subsystems are different and closely related. Water inflow power generation subsystemThe total energy input is the gravitational potential energy increment of 100m at the high water head. The total energy output is the power generation energy + the gravity block lifting energy consumption, and the gravity block lifting energy consumption is actually the mechanical transmission energy consumption in the water inlet power generation process, and the total energy output is added with the mechanical transmission energy consumption of the hydraulic generator to reduce the energy consumption from the water inlet power generation amount. The energy input and output of the subsystems are equal. The total energy input and output of the subsystem for draining the water by the gravity block are equal to the reaction force according to the Newton's third law, and the tail water can be successfully drained as long as the gravitational potential energy increment of the gravity block is larger than the deep sea pressure outside the drainage bin. According to the above analysis, the design data in the technical solution of the present invention is cited: generating high water head 100 m; the diameter of the water conduit is 4 m; the flow velocity is 10 m/s; quote flow 125.6m³S; the weight block is 5000 tons; the diameter of the cylindrical drainage bin is 20m, and the height of the cylindrical drainage bin is 100 m. The following formula applies:

g-mg. G in the formula is gravity, m is the weight of the object (in the technical scheme of the invention, the weight block is 5000 tons, which is an assumed numerical value, and in the practical design, the optimal numerical value can be obtained through experiments), and G is the gravity constant of 1 kg/9.8N;

the gravitational potential energy formula EG mgh. In the formula, EG is gravitational potential energy, m is the weight of an object, g is a gravitational potential energy constant, h is a free falling body stroke, namely the falling height of a gravity block (100 m in the technical scheme of the invention), and the gravitational potential energy increment of free falling body motion is shown;

the lifting energy consumption formula P is mgh/t. In the formula, P is the hoisting energy consumption, the gravity is mg, and h/t is the hoisting speed which is the hoisting upward stroke/required time (in seconds). In the technical scheme of the invention, the time required by one cycle is 250 seconds, and assuming that 50 seconds are used for drainage, the gravity block freely falls and moves to the center of the earth for 2m every second, the lifting time is 200 seconds, the gravity block moves upwards for 2 seconds/1 m every second, and the lifting speed is 1/2 degrees at 100m/200 s;

the high dam hydroelectric power generation formula P is 9.8QH eta. In the formula, P is the generated power, g is 9.8, Q is the flow rate multiplied by the sectional area of the water inlet pipe (in the technical scheme of the invention, the diameter of the water inlet pipe is assumed to be 4m, and the flow rate is 10m/s), H is the water head height (in the invention, 100m), η is the operating efficiency of the hydraulic generator, the general hydraulic turbine efficiency is more than 90%, the generator efficiency is more than 90%, and η is 90% + 81%. Because the technical scheme of the invention replaces low-water head drainage of high dam hydropower with the design of the gravity block of the drainage bin, the lifting energy consumption of the gravity block is also required to be subtracted from the high-water head hydroelectric generation capacity. Therefore, the power generation formula of the power generation device for draining the deep sea open-close controllable space by the gravity block is that P is 9.8QH eta- (P is mgh/t).

The input and output of the quantized total energy can be calculated to verify that the applicable law of conservation of energy is as follows:

the total energy input of the system is equal to the gravitational potential energy of a water inlet high water head 100m and the gravitational potential energy of a gravitational block drainage falling 100m (125.6 m)³9.8 m/ton, 100m +5000 t, 9.8 m, 100m 1000KG/N (123,088+4,900,000) 1000 g/N5,023,088,000N

Before the total energy output of the system is calculated, the power generation capacity, the power generation energy consumption and the gravity block lifting reset energy consumption are calculated.

The generated power P is 9.8QH eta- (P is mgh/t) is 9.8 h 125.6m³100m 81% H1000- (5000 t H9.8H 100/200H 1000) ═ 75,201,280N

Generating energy consumption (energy consumption of mechanical transmission friction resistance in generating process) 9.8QH 19%/1000 ═ 9.8/125.6 m³＊100m＊19％＊1000＝23,386,720N

Gravity block lifting reset energy consumption p-mgh/t-m g h/t-5000 t-9.8 m/200s 1000-24,500,000N

The total energy output of the system is 75,201,280+23,386,720+24,500,000+4,900,000,000 which is 5,023,088,000N which is the power generation energy + energy consumption of gravity block lifting and resetting and the gravitational potential energy of gravity block drainage.

The total energy input and output of the two subsystems forming the total system of the technical scheme of the invention are also equal.

The total energy input of the water inlet power generation subsystem is 100m at high head and 125.6m at quoted flow³123,088,000N. And (3) total energy output is 75,201,280+23,386,720+24,500,000 is 123,088,000N.

The total energy input and output of the subsystem of gravity block drainage is equal to 5000 tons 9.8 tons 100m 1000 tons 4,900,000,000N according to the Newton's third law

As shown above, the total energy input and output of the system are equal and are 5,023,088,000N, and the mechanical transmission frictional resistance energy consumption of the system is calculated. Therefore, the law of conservation of energy applies.

If the power is expressed by the energy generating power KW, the input energy power of the inlet water is 125.6m³Per 9.8H 100m is 123,088 KW. The output energy power is 75,201.28KW, 23,386.72KW and 24 KW, and the 500KW is 123,088 KW. The input energy power and the output energy power of one cycle are equal, and the energy conservation law is applied.

If the energy is expressed in terms of the energy production KW/hour/kwh/watt-hour/degree electrical unit, it is proved that the input energy is converted to an energy production which is greater than or equal to (energy production + mechanical transmission friction resistance consumption + gravity block lifting consumption) within the time of "one cycle". 3600 seconds per hour, the "one cycle" time 250 seconds is 0.074 hours. The gravity block lifting time of "one cycle" is 200 seconds to 0.063 hours. The input energy of "one cycle" is converted into electricity quantity of 123,088KW/h 0.074-9,108.51 deg.C. The output energy of "one circulation" is converted into electricity (75,201.28KW/h 0.074) + (23,386.72KW/h 0.074) + (24,500KW/h 0.063): 8,839 deg. The reason why the output energy of one cycle is converted into the electric quantity is less than the electric quantity converted from the input energy is that the time 200 seconds for the gravity block to ascend is less than the time 250 seconds for one cycle, and the time 50 seconds is that the gravity block is in a static zero potential without external force addition, and the time is that the electric quantity is not consumed. Therefore, the saved electric quantity is added to the positive electric generation quantity of 'one cycle', namely positive net electric generation quantity (the electric generation quantity converted by input energy is 123,088KW/h 0.074) - (the electric generation mechanical transmission energy consumption 23,386.72KW/h 0.074) - (the gravity block lifting energy consumption 24,500KW/h 0.063) ═ 9,108.51-1730.61-1543.50 ═ 5834.40 DEG electricity. The 'one cycle' power generation is greater than the gravity block lifting power consumption, and the positive net power generation is caused by that in the 'one cycle' time:

the lifting energy consumption of the gravity block is used for overcoming the stable gravity of the gravity block lifting 5000 tons, and the power consumption is 1543.50 degrees.

100m high water head 125.6m³The gravitational potential energy increment of the quoted flow is used for generating power, and the energy consumption of the friction resistance of the transmission of the power generation machinery is reduced to 9,108.51-1730.61-7,377.90 degrees of power.

Therefore, 100m high head 125.6m³The gravity potential energy increment generating capacity of the quoted flow is 7,377.90 degrees, which is larger than the hoisting power consumption of 1543.50 degrees of 5000 tons of gravity blocks, and the positive net generating capacity is 7,377.90-1543.50-5,834.40 degrees, because the gravity potential energy increment is not generated by hoisting, and the gravity potential energy increment is applied to the water intake power generation. The above calculations do not include the frictional resistance coefficient of the gravity block lift. The gravity block hoisting adopts pulley block mechanical transmission. The pulley block is equivalent to a lever principle, each pulley block saves half of labor, but the transmission distance is also lengthened, the pulley block saves labor and does not save power, and in the actual design, the weight of a hoisting object, the height of a hoisting stroke and the time are calculated to determine the appropriate transmission ratio of the hoisting pulley block. In the technical scheme of the invention, the coefficient of useful power eta and the coefficient of frictional resistance for lifting the gravity block are not given, but the power required by lifting is only used for overcoming the gravity of the gravity block, and the high-water-head water inflow power generation has strong gravitational potential energy increment. In two different forms of movement, the gravitational potential energy increment has a comparative advantage relative to gravity, so that the water inflow power generation is larger than the lifting power consumption of the gravity block. According to the calculation, under the most conservative condition estimation, even if the friction resistance coefficient of the crane is as large as 50%, the crane power and the energy consumption are multiplied, and the water inlet power generation still has considerable positive and net power generation quantity. In any case, the coefficients of the lifting useful power η are obtained in practical design.

The gravitational potential energy power generation is not newly invented, mature high dam hydropower is gravitational potential energy power generation, is gravitational energizing, and is a technical scheme of gravitational energy power generation. As long as a scientific and reasonable gravitational energy power generation technical scheme is provided, the total input energy of a system is larger than or equal to the total output energy, and the technical scheme is self-consistent and practical. The invention discloses a power generation device for draining water by a gravity block in a controllable space opened and closed in deep sea, which is a technical scheme of gravitational energy power generation. The gravity block drainage is a relatively independent and distinct process, and the gravity block drainage is self-consistent according to the third law of Newton mechanics that the acting force is equal to the reaction force. The lifting reset power consumption after the gravity block drains water consumes the water inlet power generation amount, namely external electric energy is used, so that the drainage of the gravity block is related to the water inlet power generation. The key point is that the increment of the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block can overcome the deep sea water pressure outside the drainage bin and discharge tail water. The gravitational potential energy increment of a 5000-ton iron gravity block which freely falls in water in a drainage bin by 100m can be larger than the pressure of deep sea 200m on the area of the bottom outside the drainage bin, and meanwhile, the problem of frictional resistance of the water in the drainage bin to the falling of the gravity block is also considered.

Before the drainage is realized, a 5000-ton iron gravity block is positioned above a drainage bin and is in a zero potential state, and the gravity of the 5000-ton iron gravity block is equal to 5000 tons 9.8 tons 1000N which is 49,000,000N. The pressure of 200m deep sea (sea water density 1) acting on the bottom outside the drainage bin is pi r outside the drainage bin with the diameter of 20m and the height of 100m²H1H 9.8H 200m H1000N 615,440,000N. According to the first law of Newton mechanics, the two forces are in a static state or a uniform linear motion state, and relative motion correlation does not exist between the two forces. To achieve drainage, the gravity block is moved relative to the water. In the drainage bin with controllable space, the pressure in the drainage bin is normal, and the pressure outside the bin is deep sea pressure. The gravity block and the tail water in the full bin are both under normal pressure, and before the gravity block makes relative motion, the tail water in the full bin does not form friction resistance on the bottom of the gravity block. The gravity block begins to fall down, and the iron gravity block with the density of about 8 and tail water with the density of 1 move relatively to generate interaction. Under the action of gravity, the motion directions of the gravity block and the tail water body in the bin are towards the earth center, the gravity block plays a role in piston extrusion on the tail water body to form a combined resultant force, and when the gravity block descends to 13m, the gravitational potential energy increment of the gravity block reaches a value larger than the external deep sea pressureAnd the degree, namely the bottom of the drainage bin is opened at the moment, the gravity block and the tail water body which are combined integrally flush the tail water in the bin out of the drainage bin, then the bottom of the drainage bin is closed, and the gravity block is lifted and reset. Due to the gravity of the earth center, the combined force of the gravity block of 5,000 tons and the tail water body of more than 31,000 tons makes free falling body movement towards the earth center, and the increment of gravitational potential energy in the drainage process is larger. Under the action of gravity, the density of the iron gravity block is greater than that of seawater, the motion direction of the combined force of the gravity block and the seawater is the gravity center, and the gravity block vertically and linearly drops, so that tail water in the drainage bin initially generates frictional resistance when dropping on the gravity block and the frictional resistance generated by the gravity block and the bin wall of the drainage bin are all tiny, particularly the tail water is opened at the bottom of the drainage bin, and the frictional resistance disappears after the combined force is generated, so the frictional resistance of the drainage of the gravity block can be ignored.

In summary, in the technical solution of the present invention, the energy input of the total system is equal to the energy output. The power of the total system energy input is equal to the power of the energy output. The energy input of the total system is converted into the electric energy production which is equal to or larger than the energy output of the total system is converted into the electric energy production. The energy input and output of the two subsystems are equal. The gravitational potential energy increment of the drainage of the gravitational block is larger than the gravitational potential energy increment of the water inlet power generation and larger than the energy consumption of the lifting of the gravitational block. The input energy of the water inlet power generation is the useful energy of the water inlet power generation, the mechanical transmission consumption energy of the water inlet power generation and the consumption energy of the gravity block lifting. The useful power of the water inlet power generation is more than the consumed power of the mechanical transmission of the water inlet power generation and the consumed power of the gravity block lifting. The water inflow generating capacity is larger than the water inflow generating mechanical transmission power consumption and the gravity block lifting power consumption.

The specification refers to the data about single-machine water inflow power generation of the three gorges power station as an example. The assumed data variable of the technical scheme of the invention is very conservative, under the condition that the gravity of the gravity block is unchanged and the potential energy variable of the gravity is larger as the water is deeper, even if the upward stroke of the gravity block for lifting is correspondingly increased, the energy consumption of the gravity block for lifting is simply increased only due to the increase of the stroke, and the potential energy increment of the gravity block and the reference flow is increased in a geometric grade. The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following variables: the water depth, the water inlet pipe diameter, the reference flow, the physical weight of the gravity block, the diameter and the height of the drainage bin, the cycle time and the like leave a great potential margin. The principle of the technical scheme of the invention is similar to that of high dam hydroelectric power generation. Because the energy consumption of the gravity block crane needs to be reduced, the power generation amount needs to be reduced, and theoretically, the power generation amount is less than that of the high dam hydroelectric power. However, the ocean has huge and endless energy storage, stable and constant water environment, no withering period, no wave crest and valley in power generation and incomparable advantages.