阅读说明：本技术 防火隔热毡、其制备方法及电池模组和电池包 (Fireproof heat insulation felt, preparation method thereof, battery module and battery pack ) 是由 金天辉 许进 刘伟德 于 2021-01-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及防火隔热毡、其制备方法及电池模组和电池包。所述防火隔热毡包括基材及填充于所述基材上的填充物；所述基材选自玻璃纤维针刺毡；所述填充物包括树脂、气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠、阻燃组分；所述填充物占所述防火隔热毡重量的50％～90％；所述防火隔热毡的密度为0.1g/cm～3～1.0g/cm～3。该防火隔热毡兼具优异的隔热性能和阻燃、防火性能,在实现隔热阻燃的同时,还能有效延缓已有火势的蔓延,甚至实现火势自熄。(The invention relates to a fireproof heat insulation felt, a preparation method thereof, a battery module and a battery pack. The fireproof heat insulation felt comprises a base material and filler filled on the base material; the substrate is selected from a glass fiber needled felt; the filler comprises resin, aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame-retardant component; the filler accounts for 50-90% of the weight of the fireproof heat insulation felt; the density of the fireproof heat insulation felt is 0.1g/cm 3 ～1.0g/cm 3 . The fireproof heat-insulating felt has excellent heat-insulating property, flame retardance and fireproof property, can effectively delay the spread of the existing fire behavior while realizing heat insulation and flame retardance, and even can realize self-extinguishing of the fire behavior.)

1. The fireproof heat insulation felt is characterized by comprising a base material and a filler filled on the base material;

the substrate is selected from a glass fiber needled felt;

the filler comprises resin, aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame retardant component;

the filler accounts for 50-90% of the weight of the fireproof heat insulation felt;

the density of the fireproof heat insulation felt is 0.1g/cm³～1.0g/cm³。

2. The fireproof heat insulation felt according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the resin, the aerogel, the hollow glass beads and the flame retardant component in the filler is 1: 0.1-1: 1.25-2.5.

3. The fire and heat protection felt according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resin comprises at least one of a phenolic resin, a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, and a silicone rubber;

preferably, the resin is selected from phenolic resins.

4. The fire and heat protection felt according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flame retardant component comprises decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide;

preferably, the weight ratio of the decabromodiphenylethane to the antimony trioxide is 2-8: 1.

5. The fireproof and heat-insulating felt according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aerogel has a particle size of 1 to 5 μm and a density of 0.03g/cm^3～0.08g/cm³；

Preferably, the aerogel is selected from hydrophilic aerogels; more preferably, the aerogel is a hydrophilic silica aerogel;

preferably, the particle size of the hollow glass beads is 5 to 20 μm.

6. The fire and heat protection blanket of claim 1 wherein the substrate comprises 10% to 50% by weight of the fire and heat protection blanket.

7. The method of making a fire and heat protection felt according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises:

a) adding aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame retardant component into the uniformly dispersed resin dispersion liquid, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a filler dispersion liquid;

b) fully soaking a base material in the filler dispersion liquid obtained in the step a), drying, and performing calendaring molding to obtain the fireproof heat insulation felt.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the resin dispersion in step a) comprises a resin and a solvent;

the solvent comprises at least one of ethanol, n-butanol, xylene, ethyl acetate, MEK and DMF, preferably ethanol;

preferably, the resin dispersion liquid further contains a dispersant; the dispersant is selected from at least one of bike Disperbyk-2012, bike Disperbyk-2015 and bike Disperbyk-2055.

9. A battery module characterized in that the battery module is externally coated with the fireproof heat-insulating felt according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A battery pack comprising a plurality of battery modules according to claim 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of new energy batteries, in particular to a fireproof heat insulation felt, a preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt, a battery module and a battery pack.

Background

New energy batteries, such as batteries in the field of automobile power, have become extremely important in order to operate the batteries at a suitable temperature, to prolong the service life of the batteries, and to ensure the safety of use.

In part of the technology, the flame retardant is sealed and stored inside, and the flame retardant is released when the battery leaks electricity, so that the overall flame retardant effect of the battery pack is achieved. However, the device may cause failure after vibration or long-term use, and safety cannot be guaranteed.

In addition, in the prior art, most of flame-retardant heat-insulating materials or flame-retardant heat-insulating devices for new energy batteries are only limited to play a role of heat insulation and flame retardance, but cannot effectively control or extinguish the existing fire, and can only be automatically extinguished after the existing fire is burnt.

In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a fireproof heat insulation felt which has excellent heat insulation performance, flame retardance and fireproof performance, can effectively delay the spread of the existing fire behavior while realizing heat insulation and flame retardance, and even can realize self-extinguishment of the fire behavior.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a battery module and a battery pack using the above fireproof heat insulating felt.

In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

the fireproof heat insulation felt comprises a base material and filler filled on the base material;

the substrate is selected from a glass fiber needled felt;

the filler comprises resin, aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame retardant component;

the filler accounts for 50-90% of the weight of the fireproof heat insulation felt;

the density of the fireproof heat insulation felt is 0.1g/cm³～1.0g/cm³。

Preferably, in the filler, the weight ratio of the resin, the aerogel, the hollow glass beads and the flame retardant component is 1: 0.1-1: 1.25-2.5.

Preferably, the resin includes at least one of a phenol resin, a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, and a silicone rubber;

preferably, the resin is selected from phenolic resins.

Preferably, the flame retardant component comprises decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide;

preferably, the weight ratio of the decabromodiphenylethane to the antimony trioxide is 2-8: 1.

Preferably, the aerogel has a particle size of 1-5 μm and a density of 0.03g/cm^3～0.08g/cm³；

Preferably, the aerogel is selected from hydrophilic aerogels; more preferably, the aerogel is a hydrophilic silica aerogel;

preferably, the particle size of the hollow glass beads is 5 to 20 μm.

Preferably, the base material accounts for 10-50% of the weight of the fireproof heat insulation felt.

The preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt comprises the following steps:

a) adding aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame retardant component into the uniformly dispersed resin dispersion liquid, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a filler dispersion liquid;

b) fully soaking a base material in the filler dispersion liquid obtained in the step a), drying, and performing calendaring molding to obtain the fireproof heat insulation felt.

Preferably, the resin dispersion in step a) comprises a resin and a solvent;

the solvent comprises at least one of ethanol, n-butanol, xylene, ethyl acetate, MEK and DMF, preferably ethanol;

preferably, the resin dispersion liquid further contains a dispersant; the dispersant is selected from at least one of bike Disperbyk-2012, bike Disperbyk-2015 and bike Disperbyk-2055.

The battery module, the external thermal-insulated felt that coats of battery module is as above.

The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the fireproof heat-insulating felt provided by the invention has excellent heat-insulating property, flame retardance and fireproof property, and can effectively delay the spread of the existing fire behavior and even realize self-extinguishing of the fire behavior while realizing heat insulation and flame retardance.

(2) The preparation method of the fireproof heat-insulation felt provided by the invention is simple and efficient, and is easy for industrial popularization.

(3) The battery module and the battery pack coated with the fireproof heat insulation felt provided by the invention have the advantages of stable performance, high use safety and long service life.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a view illustrating a battery module coated with a fire-proof and heat-insulating felt according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a view illustrating a battery pack assembled from battery modules coated with a fireproof and heat insulating felt according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.

According to one aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a fireproof heat insulation felt, which comprises a base material and a filler filled on the base material;

the substrate is selected from a glass fiber needled felt;

the filler comprises resin, aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame retardant component;

the filler accounts for 50-90% of the weight of the fireproof heat insulation felt;

the density of the fireproof heat insulation felt is 0.1g/cm³～1.0g/cm³。

According to the invention, through the matching of the specific base material and the filler, the obtained fireproof heat-insulating felt has excellent heat-insulating property, flame retardance and fireproof property, and can effectively delay the spread of the existing fire behavior and even realize self-extinguishing of the fire behavior while realizing heat insulation and flame retardance.

In one embodiment, the filler is 50% to 90%, and optionally 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85% by weight of the fire and heat resistant mat.

The density of the fireproof heat insulation felt is 0.1g/cm³～1.0g/cm³And the excellent heat-insulating and flame-retardant effects can be realized.

Preferably, in the filler, the weight ratio of the resin, the aerogel, the hollow glass beads and the flame retardant component is 1: 0.1-1: 1.25-2.5.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the resin, the aerogel, the hollow glass beads and the flame retardant component is 1: 0.1-1: 1.25-2.5, and optionally 1:0.1:1:1.25, 1:0.5:0.5:1.5, 1:1:0.1:2.5 or 1:0.6:1: 1.8.

The specific weight ratio of the resin, the aerogel, the hollow glass beads and the flame-retardant component is more favorable for effectively delaying the spread of the existing fire behavior and even realizing the self-extinguishing of the fire behavior while realizing the heat insulation and flame retardation of the obtained fireproof heat-insulating felt.

Preferably, the resin includes at least one of a phenol resin, a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, and a silicone rubber;

preferably, the resin is selected from phenolic resins.

Preferably, the flame retardant component comprises decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide;

preferably, the weight ratio of the decabromodiphenylethane to the antimony trioxide is 2-8: 1.

According to the invention, decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide in a specific ratio are matched, so that a more excellent flame retardant effect is obtained.

In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the decabromodiphenylethane to the antimony trioxide is 2-8: 1, and can be selected from 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1 or 7: 1.

Preferably, the aerogel has a particle size of 1-5 μm and a density of 0.03g/cm^3～0.08g/cm³。

Preferably, the aerogel is selected from hydrophilic aerogels; more preferably, the aerogel is a hydrophilic silica aerogel.

The invention adopts the hydrophilic silica aerogel with specific particle size and density to be matched with other materials (resin, hollow glass beads and flame retardant components), and has more excellent heat insulation and flame retardant effects.

Preferably, the particle size of the hollow glass beads is 5 to 20 μm.

In one embodiment, the hollow glass microspheres have a particle size of 5 μm to 20 μm, and may be selected from 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, and 19 μm.

The hollow glass beads with specific particle sizes are matched with other material components, so that the flame retardant effect of the fireproof heat insulation felt is improved.

Preferably, the base material accounts for 10-50% of the weight of the fireproof heat insulation felt.

In one embodiment, the substrate comprises 10% to 50%, and optionally 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45% by weight of the fire and heat resistant blanket.

According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt, which comprises the following steps:

a) adding aerogel, hollow glass beads and a flame retardant component into the uniformly dispersed resin dispersion liquid, and uniformly dispersing to obtain a filler dispersion liquid;

b) fully soaking a base material in the filler dispersion liquid obtained in the step a), drying, and performing calendaring molding to obtain the fireproof heat insulation felt.

The preparation method of the fireproof heat-insulation felt provided by the invention is simple and efficient, and is easy for industrial popularization.

Preferably, the resin dispersion in step a) comprises a resin and a solvent;

the solvent comprises at least one of ethanol, n-butanol, xylene, ethyl acetate, MEK and DMF, preferably ethanol;

preferably, the resin dispersion liquid further contains a dispersant; the dispersant is selected from at least one of bike Disperbyk-2012, bike Disperbyk-2015 and bike Disperbyk-2055.

In one embodiment, the single battery module provided by the invention has a good flame-retardant and explosion-proof effect, and the flame of a battery circuit can be self-extinguished within 3 minutes in a short-circuit experiment.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a fireproof heat insulation felt includes the following steps:

1) dissolving or diluting the resin by using a solvent, adding a dispersing agent, and uniformly dispersing;

preferably, the resin includes phenol resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, silicone rubber, or the like; the solvent comprises at least one of ethanol, n-butanol, xylene, ethyl acetate, MEK and DMF;

preferably, the resin uses thermoplastic phenolic resin powder (100 parts), and the solvent uses ethanol (200 parts and 600 parts);

2) gradually adding the powder aerogel into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

preferably, the aerogel has a particle size of 1-5 μm and a density of 0.03g/cm³～0.08g/cm³；

Preferably, the aerogel powder (10-100 parts) is hydrophilic aerogel powder;

3) adding hollow glass beads into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

preferably, the particle size of the hollow glass bead (10-100 parts) is 5-20 μm;

4) adding 100-200 parts of decabromodiphenylethane and 25-50 parts of antimony trioxide into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

5) soaking the glass fiber needled felt in the solution of 4) to fully soak the glass fiber needled felt;

6) drying the soaked felt material obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine;

7) and (3) heating, calendaring and molding the dried felt material obtained in the step (6) by using a calendar to obtain a flat fireproof heat insulation felt coiled material with a specified size.

According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a battery module, and the battery module is externally coated with the fireproof heat insulation felt.

According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to a battery pack which comprises a plurality of battery modules as described above.

The battery module and the battery pack coated with the fireproof heat insulation felt provided by the invention have the advantages of stable performance, high use safety and long service life.

The invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

A preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt comprises the following steps:

1) dissolving thermoplastic phenolic resin powder (100 parts) by using 400 parts of ethanol, adding 10 parts of dispersant Bik Disperbyk-2012, and uniformly dispersing;

2) gradually adding 50 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel with the particle size of 1-5 mu m into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

3) adding 50 parts of hollow glass microspheres with the particle size of 5-20 microns into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

4) adding 150 parts of decabromodiphenylethane and 40 parts of antimony trioxide into the solution), and uniformly dispersing;

5) soaking the glass fiber needled felt in the solution of 4) to fully soak the glass fiber needled felt;

6) drying the soaked felt material obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine;

7) and (3) heating, calendaring and molding the dried felt material obtained in the step (6) by using a calendar to obtain a flat fireproof heat insulation felt coiled material with a specified size.

The fireproof and heat-insulating felt prepared in example 1 was wrapped outside a battery module as shown in fig. 1. The battery pack shown in fig. 2 was assembled by arranging 15 of the above battery modules in an array.

Example 2

A preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt comprises the following steps:

1) dissolving polyurethane resin powder (100 parts) by using 400 parts of ethanol, adding 10 parts of dispersant Bik Disperbyk-2015, and uniformly dispersing;

2) gradually adding 100 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel with the particle size of 1-5 mu m into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

3) adding 10 parts of hollow glass microspheres with the particle size of 5-20 microns into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

4) adding 180 parts of decabromodiphenylethane and 70 parts of antimony trioxide into the solution), and uniformly dispersing;

5) soaking the glass fiber needled felt in the solution of 4) to fully soak the glass fiber needled felt;

6) drying the soaked felt material obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine;

7) and (3) heating, calendaring and molding the dried felt material obtained in the step (6) by using a calendar to obtain a flat fireproof heat insulation felt coiled material with a specified size.

Example 3

A preparation method of the fireproof heat insulation felt comprises the following steps:

1) dissolving acrylic resin powder (100 parts) by using 400 parts of ethanol, adding 10 parts of dispersant Pic Disperbyk-2055, and uniformly dispersing;

2) gradually adding 10 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel with the particle size of 1-5 mu m into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

3) adding 30 parts of hollow glass microspheres with the particle size of 5-20 microns into the solution, and uniformly dispersing;

4) adding 100 parts of decabromodiphenylethane and 25 parts of antimony trioxide into the solution), and uniformly dispersing;

5) soaking the glass fiber needled felt in the solution of 4) to fully soak the glass fiber needled felt;

6) drying the soaked felt material obtained in the step 5) by using a coating machine;

7) and (3) heating, calendaring and molding the dried felt material obtained in the step (6) by using a calendar to obtain a flat fireproof heat insulation felt coiled material with a specified size.

Test examples

Characterization of density of fireproof heat-insulating felt

The density of the fireproof heat insulation felt prepared in the embodiment 1-3 is measured, and the specific steps are as follows:

and (3) carrying out density test on the fireproof heat insulation felt by adopting a drainage method and using a density tester, wherein the test method accords with the test standard of ASTM D792.

Second, flame-retardant and fireproof performance of battery module and battery pack

The flame retardant and fire resistant performance of the battery module and the battery pack assembled in example 1 was examined, specifically as follows:

and (4) carrying out short circuit on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of one battery in the battery pack by using iron nails, and observing the combustion condition of the whole battery pack. The battery pack without the fireproof heat insulation felt is observed within 1 minute, and the naked flame is quickly diffused to the whole battery pack. The battery pack protected by the fireproof heat insulation felt has strong smoke generation, but open fire is not found outside, the smoke generation is finished within 5 minutes, and the whole battery pack is not burnt completely.

The fire retardant and the glass fiber felt form an integrated structure to prepare the fire-proof heat-insulation felt, the fire-proof heat-insulation felt naturally releases gas when the decomposition temperature of the fire retardant is exceeded, and no initiation device is needed, so that no structural change is caused by long-term use or vibration, and the fire-proof heat-insulation felt has higher safety. The fireproof heat-insulation felt obtained by the specific method has a remarkable and effective overall fireproof effect. The fireproof and heat-insulating felt obtained in example 2 and example 3 also has excellent fireproof effect.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.