阅读说明：本技术 一种露天矿内排压覆资源开采方法 (Mining method for internal discharge and pressure covering resources of strip mine ) 是由 石广洋 肖兵 张洪 黄月军 赵明 刘英璐 关众 马婧佳 李苗苗 曹宇 贺永军 于 2021-04-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种露天矿内排压覆资源开采方法,涉及露天矿开采领域,包括计算经济合理剥采比的步骤,确定边坡稳定角度的步骤,确定煤柱留设宽度的步骤,开采后及时内排压帮的步骤,该方法考虑到经济性和安全性,可保证在安全和经济的情况下开采煤量最多。传统的露天矿内排压覆采区开采只是根据设计边坡角度进行原煤开采,造成煤柱留设宽度大,煤柱资源量损失过多,本发明可增加原煤开采量,其开采方法更加的可靠。(A method for mining resources covered by internal pressure drainage in strip mine relates to the field of strip mine mining, and comprises the steps of calculating an economic reasonable stripping ratio, determining a slope stability angle, determining a coal pillar reserved width and timely discharging pressure from the inner side after mining. The traditional mining of the pressure-discharging covering mining area in the strip mine only carries out raw coal mining according to the design slope angle, so that the reserved width of a coal pillar is large, the resource loss of the coal pillar is excessive, the mining amount of the raw coal can be increased, and the mining method is more reliable.)

1. The mining method for the pressure-relief and covering resources in the strip mine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

calculating an economical reasonable stripping ratio by adopting a price method;

determining a slope stability angle, namely determining the slope angle according to a slope stability coefficient;

determining the coal pillar reserved width, determining the mining boundary of the side wall of the mining area according to the economic stripping ratio of the strip mine, and finally obtaining the coal pillar reserved width;

and (4) inner discharge and pressure slope after mining, and inner discharge and pressure slope after steep-slope mining is carried out on the deep coal mining step.

2. The method of mining an overburden removed resource as defined in claim 1 wherein said economically reasonable stripping ratio is determined by strip mining raw coal sales price, strip mining costs and strip stripping costs.

3. The method of mining an overburden resource as recited in claim 1, wherein said determining a slope stability angle comprises: and calculating a slope stability coefficient after determining the slope angle according to the slope lithology condition, adjusting the slope angle when the slope stability coefficient does not meet the safety requirement, and determining the angle when the slope stability coefficient meets the requirement as the slope stability angle.

4. The method of mining an overburden resource as recited in claim 1, wherein said determining a pillar cut width comprises: and (4) determining the boundary of the mining area according to the slope stability angle, and determining the boundary of the mining area according to the principle that the boundary stripping ratio is less than or equal to the economic stripping ratio to determine the reserved width of the coal pillar.

5. The method of mining an overburden resource in an open pit mine as recited in claim 1, wherein said post-mine in-time internal highwall comprises: the rock soil is covered on the mining area firstly, then the deep coal mining step is combined to form steep-wall mining raw coal, and finally the stripping matter is discharged to the pressure discharge wall in the dump in the mining area.

6. The mining method of overburden resources in an open pit mine according to claim 1, wherein a price method is used to calculate an economically reasonable stripping ratio as follows:

in the formula, n_jEconomic and reasonable stripping ratio, m³/t；c₀Open-pit mining raw coal selling price, yuan/t; a is₀Open-cast mining cost, yuan/t; b₀Cost of stripping in open air, Yuan/m³。

7. The mining method of overburden resources in the strip mine according to claim 1, wherein in the step of timely internal discharge and pressure relief after mining, the overburden rock-soil stripping in the mining area is performed by using a single-bucket-self-moving crushing station + belt conveyor-dumping machine semi-continuous start-up process and a single-bucket-truck intermittent mining process.

8. The mining method of overburden resources as recited in claim 7 wherein said spall is broken and then discharged to said highwall in said dump in said panel by means of a belt conveyor and a dumping machine.

9. The method of mining overburden resources as recited in claim 7, wherein the raw coal mining is performed using a single hopper-truck-ground semi-mobile crushing station semi-continuous mining process.

10. The method of mining overburden resources as recited in claim 7 wherein said spall is broken and then discharged directly by truck to a dump in said area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of strip mine exploitation, in particular to a method for exploiting pressure-relief resources in strip mines.

Background

The strip mine is divided into mining areas for mining, the mining areas do not leave ditch internal drainage covering, and the later mining areas need to carry out secondary stripping on the internal drainage fields of the mining areas so as to extract the resources covered by the internal drainage fields. Because the mined coal bed is incomplete, the end slope is triangular coal, in order to improve the economic benefit of the strip mine, the reserved width of the coal pillar needs to be determined, and the raw coal of the mining area is mined after mining. At present, the pressure-discharging covering mining area in the strip mine is mined by raw coal only according to the design slope angle, so that the reserved width of a coal pillar is large, and the resource loss of the coal pillar is excessive.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mining method for discharging and covering resources in a strip mine.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the mining method for the pressure-relief resources in the strip mine is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of:

calculating an economical reasonable stripping ratio by adopting a price method;

determining a slope stability angle, namely determining the slope angle according to a slope stability coefficient;

determining the coal pillar reserved width, determining the mining boundary of the side wall of the mining area according to the economic stripping ratio of the strip mine, and finally obtaining the coal pillar reserved width;

and timely and internally discharging the pressure wall after mining, and timely and internally discharging the pressure wall after steep wall mining is carried out on the deep coal mining step.

In the scheme, the calculated economic reasonable stripping ratio is determined by the open-pit mining raw coal selling price, the open-pit mining cost and the open-pit stripping cost.

In the above scheme, the process of determining the stable angle of the side slope is as follows: and calculating the slope stability coefficient after determining the slope angle according to the conditions such as the lithology of the slope and the like, adjusting the slope angle when the slope angle does not meet the safety requirement, and determining the angle when the slope stability coefficient meets the requirement as the slope stability angle.

In the above scheme, the process of determining the reserved width of the coal pillar comprises the following steps: and (4) determining the boundary of the mining area according to the slope stability angle, and determining the boundary of the mining area according to the principle that the boundary stripping ratio is less than or equal to the economic stripping ratio to determine the reserved width of the coal pillar.

In the above scheme, the process of timely internal pressure relief after mining is as follows: the rock soil is covered on the mining area firstly, then the deep coal mining step is combined to form steep-wall mining raw coal, and finally the stripping matter is discharged to the pressure discharge wall in the dump in the mining area.

In the scheme, the economic and reasonable stripping ratio calculation formula by adopting a price method is as follows:

in the formula, n_jEconomic and reasonable stripping ratio, m³/t；c₀Open-pit mining raw coal selling price, yuan/t; a is₀Open-cast mining cost, yuan/t; b₀Cost of stripping in open air, Yuan/m³。

In the scheme, in the step of timely discharging and pressing the upper after mining, the semi-continuous start-up process of the single bucket-self-moving crushing station, the belt conveyor-dumping machine and the single bucket-truck intermittent mining process are adopted to strip the overlying rock and soil in the mining area.

In the scheme, the stripped objects are discarded to the discharge and pressing side in the dump in the mining area through the belt conveyor and the dumping machine after being crushed.

In the scheme, raw coal mining is carried out by adopting a semi-continuous mining process worker of a single-bucket-truck-ground semi-movable crushing station.

In the scheme, the stripped objects are directly discharged to a discharge and pressure side in a dump in a mining area through a truck after being crushed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a mining method of internal discharge pressure covering resources of strip mines, which comprises a step of calculating an economic reasonable stripping ratio, a step of determining a slope stability angle, a step of determining a reserved width of a coal pillar and a step of timely discharging pressure covering after mining. The traditional mining of the drainage and pressure covering resources in the strip mine only carries out raw coal mining according to a designed slope angle, so that the reserved width of a coal pillar is large, and the resource loss of the coal pillar is excessive. The invention can increase the exploitation amount of raw coal and the exploitation method is more reliable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a mining method for overburden resources in a strip mine according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The above objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which fig. 1 is shown.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a mining method for overburden resources in a strip mine according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the mining method for overburden resources in a strip mine includes the following steps:

calculating an economical reasonable stripping ratio by adopting a price method;

determining a slope stability angle, namely determining the slope angle according to a slope stability coefficient;

determining the coal pillar reserved width, determining the mining boundary of the side wall of the mining area according to the economic stripping ratio of the strip mine, and finally obtaining the coal pillar reserved width;

and timely and internally discharging the pressure wall after mining, and timely and internally discharging the pressure wall after steep wall mining is carried out on the deep coal mining step.

In the scheme, the calculated economic reasonable stripping ratio is determined by the open-pit mining raw coal selling price, the open-pit mining cost and the open-pit stripping cost.

In the above scheme, the process of determining the stable angle of the side slope is as follows: and calculating the slope stability coefficient after determining the slope angle according to the conditions such as the lithology of the slope and the like, adjusting the slope angle when the slope angle does not meet the safety requirement, and determining the angle when the slope stability coefficient meets the requirement as the slope stability angle.

In the above scheme, the process of determining the reserved width of the coal pillar comprises the following steps: and (4) determining the boundary of the mining area according to the slope stability angle, and determining the boundary of the mining area according to the principle that the boundary stripping ratio is less than or equal to the economic stripping ratio to determine the reserved width of the coal pillar.

In the above scheme, the process of timely internal pressure relief after mining is as follows: the rock soil is covered on the mining area firstly, then the deep coal mining step is combined to form steep-wall mining raw coal, and finally the stripping matter is discharged to the pressure discharge wall in the dump in the mining area.

In the scheme, the economic and reasonable stripping ratio calculation formula by adopting a price method is as follows:

in the formula, n_jEconomic and reasonable stripping ratio, m³/t；c₀Open-pit mining raw coal selling price, yuan/t; a is₀Open-cast mining cost, yuan/t; b₀Cost of stripping in open air, Yuan/m³。

In the scheme, in the step of timely discharging and pressing the upper after mining, the semi-continuous start-up process of the single bucket-self-moving crushing station, the belt conveyor-dumping machine and the single bucket-truck intermittent mining process are adopted to strip the overlying rock and soil in the mining area.

In the scheme, the stripped objects are discarded to the discharge and pressing side in the dump in the mining area through the belt conveyor and the dumping machine after being crushed.

In the scheme, raw coal mining is carried out by adopting a semi-continuous mining process worker of a single-bucket-truck-ground semi-movable crushing station.

In the scheme, the stripped objects are directly discharged to a discharge and pressure side in a dump in a mining area through a truck after being crushed.

The advantageous effects of the invention are explained below in a preferred embodiment:

the mining method for the pressure-relief resources in the strip mine comprises the following specific steps:

step 1: and calculating the economic reasonable stripping ratio. Wherein the open-pit mining raw coal sale price is 200 yuan/t, the open-pit mining cost is 51.67 yuan/t, and the open-pit stripping cost is 10.46 yuan/m³. The economic reasonable stripping ratio calculation formula by adopting a price method is as follows:

in the formula, n_jEconomic and reasonable stripping ratio, m³/t；c₀Open-pit mining raw coal selling price, yuan/t; a is₀Open-cast mining cost, yuan/t; b₀Cost of stripping in open air, Yuan/m³。

According to the calculation of the current stripping and mining cost of the strip mine, the economic and reasonable stripping and mining ratio of the strip mine is 14.18m³/t。

Step 2: and determining the slope stability angle. The mining area end slope is composed of the waste, and because the slope belongs to secondary stripping, according to the existing situation similar to a mine, the waste consolidation is expected to be obvious, the mechanical property of rock and soil mass can be improved, therefore, the slope angle is designed to be 16 degrees, and the stability coefficient of the slope is 1.23.

And step 3: and determining the reserved width of the coal pillar. According to the economic stripping ratio of strip mine of 14.18m³Determining a panel edgeAnd mining the boundary to finally obtain the reserved width of the coal pillar. The average reserved width of the coal pillar is about 70m, and the resource amount of the coal pillar is about 133.82 ten thousand t before steep-side mining is carried out on the deep coal mining step.

And 4, step 4: and after mining, the pressure wall is timely discharged. The method adopts a semi-continuous start-up process of a single-bucket self-moving crushing station, a belt conveyor and a dumping plough and a single-bucket-truck intermittent mining process to strip overlying rock and soil in a mining area. The method comprises the steps of adopting a single-bucket-truck-ground semi-mobile crushing station semi-continuous mining process worker to carry out raw coal mining, wherein the average width of a coal pillar after deep coal mining steps are combined to form steep-side mining is about 30m, and the resource amount of the coal pillar after the deep coal mining steps are subjected to the steep-side mining is about 68.34 ten thousand t; the average width of the coal pillar is reduced by about 40m, and the raw coal yield is increased by about 65.48 ten thousand t. And after being crushed, the peeled matters are discharged to a discharge and pressing side in a dump in a mining area through a belt conveyor and a dumping machine or directly through a truck.

The mining method for the internal discharge and pressure covering resources of the strip mine comprises a step of calculating an economic reasonable stripping ratio, a step of determining a slope stability angle, a step of determining the reserved width of a coal pillar and a step of timely discharging and pressure covering after mining, wherein the method considers the economy and the safety and can ensure that the maximum coal mining amount is realized under the conditions of safety and economy; the traditional mining of the drainage and overburden resources in the strip mine only carries out raw coal mining according to the design slope angle, so that the reserved width of a coal pillar is large, the resource loss of the coal pillar is excessive, the mining amount of the raw coal can be increased, and the mining method is more reliable.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.