阅读说明：本技术 新型海域管道敷设助浮方法 (Novel sea area pipeline laying floating assisting method ) 是由 程加军 皋黎明 绳彬 范文博 张永根 张琛 张兆文 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种新型海域管道敷设助浮方法,涉及海上管道敷设工程技术。本发明通过对管道敷设船进行精准定位来确保能够将管道沿预设的管道敷设轴线敷设,通过向管道内灌注海水,增加其自重,使其从托管架上自行向海中下滑,利用夹紧器给管道提供一定的摩擦力,避免管道下滑的速度过快导致发生屈曲和褶皱,将由泡沫浮体组成的助浮体均匀地安装在管道上,在管道下沉时提供浮力,约束管道在水下的变形曲线,减少管道受到的应力,起到保护作用,一般的管道敷设工程均没有采用助浮设施,该方法在传统的敷设方法基础上增加了经济高效的助浮设施,使得敷设管道时的稳定性得到了增强。(The invention discloses a novel sea area pipeline laying floating assisting method, and relates to the marine pipeline laying engineering technology. The pipeline laying ship is accurately positioned to ensure that a pipeline can be laid along a preset pipeline laying axis, seawater is filled into the pipeline to increase the dead weight of the pipeline, the pipeline automatically slides downwards from the stinger to the sea, a certain friction force is provided for the pipeline by using the clamping device, buckling and wrinkles caused by the fact that the pipeline slides downwards at an excessively high speed are avoided, the floating assisting bodies composed of foam floating bodies are uniformly arranged on the pipeline, buoyancy is provided when the pipeline sinks, the deformation curve of the pipeline under the water is restrained, the stress borne by the pipeline is reduced, and a protection effect is achieved.)

1. A novel sea area pipeline laying floating assisting method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) conveying and positioning:

(1.1) carrying: the pipeline laying ship carrying the steel pipes is transported to a designated sea area by traction by using a traction ship;

(1.2) positioning: accurately stopping the pipeline laying ship on a pipeline laying axis planned in a designated sea area in advance by using GPS positioning devices at the head end and the tail end of a ship body of the pipeline laying ship, and fixing the pipeline laying ship through an anchor cable on the pipeline laying ship;

(2) and (3) pipeline welding treatment:

(2.1) welding: the method comprises the steps of completing pipeline welding of two steel pipes each time, clamping the sea entering pipeline by using a clamping device to enable the tail end of the sea entering pipeline to stop on a first welding platform, hoisting the steel pipes to a guide frame on a pipeline laying ship by using a crawler crane on the pipeline laying ship, pushing the steel pipes along the guide frame by using a hoisting machine on the ship, stopping the pushing when the head end of the steel pipe is pushed to the first welding platform on the ship, enabling the steel pipes to stop on the first welding platform, welding the steel pipes and the sea entering pipeline into a whole, hoisting one steel pipe to the guide frame again, pushing the head end of the steel pipe to a second welding platform along the guide frame by using the hoisting machine, completing welding of the two steel pipes on the second welding platform by constructors, after the welding is completed, totally 5 steel pipes are welded, the pipeline does not enter water, the first 2 steel pipes are suspended on the sea surface, and the next 1 steel pipe is supported on a pipe supporting frame, the last 2 steel pipes are arranged on the guide frame and the welding platform;

(2.2) antiseptic treatment: after welding, carrying out anticorrosion treatment on the welding position by constructors;

(3) the pipeline helps and floats and sinks to lay:

(3.1) installing a floating assistant body: installing an auxiliary floating body on a welded pipeline at intervals of 3-5 m along the axial direction of the pipeline, wherein the single auxiliary floating body provides 1800-2200N of buoyancy, and the total buoyancy generated by the auxiliary floating bodies on the pipeline section is 90-110% of the self weight of the pipeline section;

(3.2) sinking and laying: the method comprises the following steps of filling seawater with the volume equal to that of two steel pipes into a pipeline provided with an auxiliary floating body, winching an anchor cable through a ship moving anchor machine on a ship to enable a pipeline laying ship to move along an axis laid by the pipeline, enabling the pipeline to slowly slide into the sea from a pipe bracket under the gravity of the seawater in the pipeline when the pipeline laying ship moves, and clamping the pipeline by using a clamp when the pipeline with the length of two steel pipes which are cantilevered on the sea surface sinks into the water and the tail end of the pipeline moves to a first welding platform to weld the next section of pipeline;

(3.3) floating body recovery assisting: the floating-aid bodies on the pipe sections submerged into the sea bottom are recovered by divers submerged into the water and used for laying the next section of pipeline.

2. The novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (3.1), the total buoyancy generated by the floating aid is 95-105% of the pipeline automation.

3. The novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (1.2), 4 anchor cables are arranged on the pipeline laying ship, and the anchor cables are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the ship body in pairs.

4. The novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (3.2), the tensioner provides 1500-2500N friction force in the process of sliding down the pipeline, so that the pipeline slides down at a low speed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an offshore pipeline laying engineering technology, in particular to a novel sea pipeline laying floating assisting method.

Background

At present, a pipe laying barge laying method is the most common laying method for submarine pipelines in a near-shore area, pipelines are transported to a pipeline stacking area of the pipe laying barge by a pipe transporting ship, the pipelines are hoisted above a guide frame by using a crane during pipe laying, the welding operation and the welding seam detection operation of the pipelines are carried out, after the splicing of the pipelines is completed, the pipelines are laid to the bottom of the water by lowering the pipelines through a stinger, and the pipelines are supported by the stinger to sink, so that the pipeline laying method cannot provide enough pipeline back-dragging force because a pipeline clamp is not used in the lowering process of the pipelines; due to the lack of the floating-assistant facility, the deformation curve of the pipeline under water cannot be restrained in the laying process, the overhung section of the pipeline under water is easy to overlong, the stress of a steel pipe is increased, the pipeline is buckled and folded, and the pipeline is damaged, so that the floating-assistant facility is necessary to be additionally arranged above the pipeline.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a novel sea area pipeline laying floating assisting method which is high in construction efficiency and good in floating assisting effect aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. The invention relates to a novel sea area pipeline laying floating assisting method which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) conveying and positioning:

(1.1) carrying: the pipeline laying ship carrying the steel pipes is transported to a designated sea area by traction by using a traction ship;

(1.2) positioning: the GPS positioning devices at the head end and the tail end of the body of the pipeline laying ship are used for accurately parking the pipeline laying ship on a pipeline laying axis planned in a designated sea area in advance, and the pipeline laying ship is fixed through anchor cables on the pipeline laying ship.

(2) And (3) pipeline welding treatment:

(2.1) welding: the method comprises the steps of completing pipeline welding of two steel pipes each time, clamping the sea entering pipeline by using a clamping device to enable the tail end of the sea entering pipeline to stop on a first welding platform, hoisting the steel pipes to a guide frame on a pipeline laying ship by using a crawler crane on the pipeline laying ship, pushing the steel pipes along the guide frame by using a hoisting machine on the ship, stopping the pushing when the head end of the steel pipe is pushed to the first welding platform on the ship, enabling the steel pipes to stop on the first welding platform, welding the steel pipes and the sea entering pipeline into a whole, hoisting one steel pipe to the guide frame again, pushing the head end of the steel pipe to a second welding platform along the guide frame by using the hoisting machine, completing welding of the two steel pipes on the second welding platform by constructors, after the welding is completed, totally 5 steel pipes are welded, the pipeline does not enter water, the first 2 steel pipes are suspended on the sea surface, and the next 1 steel pipe is supported on a pipe supporting frame, the last 2 steel pipes are arranged on the guide frame and the welding platform;

(2.2) antiseptic treatment: after the welding is finished, constructors carry out anticorrosion treatment on the welding position.

(3) The pipeline helps and floats and sinks to lay:

(3.1) installing a floating assistant body: installing an auxiliary floating body on a welded pipeline at intervals of 3-5 m along the axial direction of the pipeline, wherein the single auxiliary floating body provides 1800-2200N of buoyancy, and the total buoyancy generated by the auxiliary floating bodies on the pipeline section is 90-110% of the self weight of the pipeline section;

(3.2) sinking and laying: the method comprises the following steps of filling seawater with the volume equal to that of two steel pipes into a pipeline provided with an auxiliary floating body, winching an anchor cable through a ship moving anchor machine on a ship to enable a pipeline laying ship to move along an axis laid by the pipeline, enabling the pipeline to slowly slide into the sea from a pipe bracket under the gravity of the seawater in the pipeline when the pipeline laying ship moves, and clamping the pipeline by using a clamp when the pipeline with the length of two steel pipes which are cantilevered on the sea surface sinks into the water and the tail end of the pipeline moves to a first welding platform to weld the next section of pipeline;

(3.3) floating body recovery assisting: the floating-aid bodies on the pipe sections submerged into the sea bottom are recovered by divers submerged into the water and used for laying the next section of pipeline.

The invention relates to a novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method, which further preferably adopts the technical scheme that: in the step (3.1), the total buoyancy generated by the floating aid is 95-105% of the pipeline automation.

The invention relates to a novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method, which further preferably adopts the technical scheme that: in the step (1.2), 4 anchor cables are arranged on the pipeline laying ship, and the anchor cables are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the ship body in pairs.

The invention relates to a novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method, which further preferably adopts the technical scheme that: in the step (3.2), the tensioner provides 1500-2500N friction force in the process of sliding down the pipeline, so that the pipeline slides down at a low speed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the floating aid body can provide buoyancy for the pipeline, can reduce the sinking load of the pipeline, enables the pipeline to keep a low-speed state when sinking, avoids the buckling and the folding of the pipeline, and has lower cost; the floating assisting method has simple operation steps, and ensures that the construction of pipeline laying has higher working efficiency; the clamp provides frictional resistance for the pipeline sliding down into the sea to play a role in reducing speed, and provides enough tension for the pipeline sliding down into the sea.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a pipelaying vessel according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of offshore pipelaying assisted buoyancy;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the floating aid body in the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present application is a novel sea pipeline laying floating-assisting method, which is used for submarine pipeline laying construction, and the process is as follows:

(1) conveying and positioning:

considering the influence of fluctuation tide on the berthing of the pipeline laying ship in a construction site, the direction of the bow of the ship is consistent with the direction of tide, the pipeline laying ship loaded with the steel pipe is hauled and transported to a specified sea area by using a hauling ship, the pipeline laying ship is accurately parked on a pipeline laying axis planned in the specified sea area in advance by using GPS positioning devices at the head end and the tail end of the ship body of the pipeline laying ship, and the pipeline laying ship is fixed by an anchor cable 7 on the pipeline laying ship.

(2) And (3) pipeline welding treatment:

welding two steel pipes at the rear ends of pipe sections which do not enter water each time, clamping the tail ends of the pipelines on a first welding platform by using a clamping device, hoisting the steel pipes from a steel pipe stacking area 9 to the position above a guide frame 6 on a pipeline laying ship by using a crawler crane 4 on the pipeline laying ship, then pushing the steel pipes to a pipe support frame 1 on a ship body along the guide frame 6 by using a hoisting machine 5 on the ship, stopping the head ends of the steel pipes on a first welding platform 3 on the ship, completing welding on the first welding platform 3, hoisting the next steel pipe to the position above the guide frame 6, pushing the steel pipes to a second welding platform 12 along the guide frame 6 by using the hoisting machine 5, and completing welding of the two steel pipes on the second welding platform 12 by constructors; after welding, the pipeline formed by welding five steel pipes is not immersed in water, the two steel pipes at the front are cantilevered on the sea surface, the steel pipe at the back is supported on the stinger 1, and the two steel pipes at the last are arranged on the guide frame 6 and the welding platform; and (5) carrying out anticorrosion treatment on the welding position by constructors.

(3) The pipeline helps and floats and sinks to lay:

the floating aid 11 is made by binding 3 cylindrical foam floating bodies 111 into a group by using a nylon net bag 112, and the floating aid 11 is uniformly fixed on the welded pipeline 10 at an interval of every four meters; the single floating assisting body 11 provides 2000N buoyancy for the pipeline 10, the total buoyancy of all the floating assisting bodies 11 installed on the pipeline 10 is equal to the dead weight of the section of the pipeline 10, seawater with the volume of two sections of steel pipes is poured into the pipeline 10 with the floating assisting bodies 11 installed, an anchor cable 7 is twisted by a ship moving anchor machine 8 on the ship to enable the pipeline laying ship to move along the pipeline laying axis, and when the pipeline laying ship moves, the pipeline 10 slides up and down from the stinger 1, passes through the clamping device 2 and slides down to the seabed;

(4) recovering the floating body:

the buoyant body 11 on the pipe section 10 submerged in the sea bottom is recovered by submerging by divers and used for laying work of the next section of pipe 10.

After the laying construction process is finished, the steps can be repeated to carry out laying work of the next section of pipeline.

In embodiment 2 and the novel sea area pipeline laying floating-assisting method in embodiment 1, the number of anchor cables 7 on the pipeline laying vessel is 4, the anchor cables are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the hull, and the four anchor cables 7 are symmetrically arranged in pairs so that the pipeline laying vessel can be stably moored on a pipeline laying axis, thereby ensuring the construction.

Embodiment 3, in the novel speech pipeline laying floating-aid method described in embodiment 1, each steel pipe is 24m long, two steel pipes are welded together each time, the whole length is 48m, when laying is performed, a floating-aid body is installed on the pipeline 10 at intervals of 4m, the single floating-aid body can provide 2000N buoyancy for the pipeline, the weight of the pipeline 10 is increased by irrigating the pipeline 10, the pipeline 10 slides down from the stinger 1 to the seabed by itself, and the pipeline 10 is kept in a low-speed sinking state by the buoyancy provided by the floating-aid body 11; the clamp 2 provides 2000N of friction force for the pipeline 10, which can avoid buckling and wrinkling phenomena caused by too high sliding speed when the pipeline 10 slides down; at the same time, the pipelaying vessel moves along the direction of the pipelaying axis under the combined action of the on-site ship-moving anchor 8 and the anchor line 7 until the entire pipeline 10 is laid, i.e. the pipelaying vessel moves 48m along the direction of the pipelaying axis.