阅读说明：本技术 一种多功能制冷模式的co2冷电联产系统 (CO of multi-functional refrigeration mode2Combined cooling and power generation system ) 是由 石凌峰 卢博闻 舒歌群 田华 王轩 张永浩 于 2021-03-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多功能制冷模式的CO-2冷电联产系统,包括：工质泵、预热器、回热器、气体加热器、膨胀机、发电机、压缩机、背压阀、冷冻蒸发器、冷藏蒸发器、冷冻膨胀阀、冷藏膨胀阀、冷凝器、冷冻分流三通阀和冷藏分流三通阀。系统采用CO-2作为循环工质,所需制冷温度不同时,可通过分别调节冷藏分流三通阀和冷冻分流三通阀分配进入冷藏回路、冷冻回路和发电的工质流量,使冷电具备大范围配置调节的能力,并可根据制冷需求改变制冷模式。通过控制调节冷冻分流三通阀和冷藏分流三通阀的开度、压缩机和膨胀机的不同工作状态,可实现冷藏模式、冷冻模式、冷冻冷藏模式、发电模式、冷电模式五种运行模式的切换。(The invention discloses a multifunctional CO in a refrigeration mode 2 A cogeneration system comprising: the system comprises a working medium pump, a preheater, a heat regenerator, a gas heater, an expander, a generator, a compressor, a back pressure valve, a freezing evaporator, a cold storage evaporator, a freezing expansion valve, a cold storage expansion valve, a condenser, a freezing shunt three-way valve and a cold storage shunt three-way valve. The system adopts CO 2 When the required refrigeration temperature is different as a circulating working medium, the flow rates of the working media entering the refrigeration loop, the refrigeration loop and the power generation can be distributed by respectively adjusting the refrigeration shunt three-way valve and the refrigeration shunt three-way valve, so that the working media are enabled to be in a refrigerating stateThe cold electric device has the capability of large-range configuration and adjustment, and can change the refrigeration mode according to the refrigeration requirement. The five operation modes of the refrigeration mode, the freezing and refrigerating mode, the power generation mode and the cold and power mode can be switched by controlling and adjusting the opening degrees of the freezing and refrigerating shunt three-way valve and the different working states of the compressor and the expander.)

1. CO of multi-functional refrigeration mode₂Combined cooling and power generation system, including working medium pump, pre-heater, regenerator, gas heater, expander, generator, compressor, back pressure valve, freezing evaporimeter, cold-stored evaporimeter, freezing expansion valve, cold-stored expansion valve, condenser, freezing reposition of redundant personnel three-way valve and cold-stored reposition of redundant personnel three-way valve, its characterized in that:

the generator and the compressor are driven by the expander;

an outlet of the compressor is connected to an inlet of a condenser, and an outlet of the condenser is connected to an inlet of the refrigeration expansion valve and an inlet of the freezing shunt three-way valve through the refrigeration shunt three-way valve;

an outlet of the refrigeration expansion valve is connected to an inlet of the refrigeration evaporator, and an outlet of the refrigeration evaporator is connected to an inlet of the compressor through the back pressure valve;

the outlet of the freezing shunt three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the freezing expansion valve and the inlet of the working medium pump;

an outlet of the freezing expansion valve is connected to an inlet of the freezing evaporator, and an outlet of the freezing evaporator is connected to an inlet of the compressor;

the outlet of the working medium pump is connected to the inlet of the preheater, the outlet of the preheater is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator, the outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator is connected to the inlet of the gas heater, the outlet of the gas heater is connected to the inlet of the expander, the outlet of the expander is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator, and the outlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator is connected to the inlet of the condenser;

the working medium of the circulating system is CO₂Working medium is divided into two paths by the refrigeration flow dividing three-way valve after passing through the condenser, and one path is a refrigeration loop: the refrigerant enters the refrigeration evaporator after being throttled and cooled by the refrigeration expansion valve and outputs cold energy to a high-temperature refrigerant; the other path enters the freezing flow dividing three-way valve to be further distributed; the working medium is divided into two paths by the freezing flow dividing three-way valve, wherein one path is a freezing loop: the refrigerant enters the refrigeration evaporator after being throttled and cooled by the refrigeration expansion valve and outputs cold energy to a low-temperature refrigerant; the other path is a power generation loop: the waste heat is sequentially pressurized by the working medium pump, heated by the preheater, the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator and the gas heater and then enters the expansion machine to do work, the generator is dragged to generate electricity, and then the waste heat is transferred to the working medium on the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator through the high-temperature direction of the heat regenerator;

the working medium of the refrigerating loop is regulated to the suction pressure of the compressor through the back pressure valve and then is converged with the working medium of the freezing loop to enter the compressor;

and the working medium of the power generation loop is converged with the working medium at the outlet of the compressor at the high-temperature measuring port of the heat regenerator and enters the condenser.

2. The multi-functional refrigeration mode CO of claim 1₂The combined cooling and power generation system is characterized in that the switching of multiple operation modes is realized by adjusting the states of the cold storage flow distribution three-way valve, the freezing flow distribution three-way valve, the compressor and the expansion machine, and the cold storage flow distribution three-way valve, the freezing flow distribution three-way valve, the compressor and the expansion machine are respectively in a freezing mode, a cold storage mode, a freezing and cold storage mode, a power generation mode or a cold and power mode:

a cold storage mode: the generator stops rotating, the refrigerating shunt three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the output work of the expansion machine is the same as the consumed work of the compressor; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop; working medium flow entering the refrigerating loop is distributed through the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve, and refrigerating cold energy is output by the refrigerating evaporator;

a freezing mode: the generator stops rotating, the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the output work of the expansion machine is the same as the consumed work of the compressor; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop; working medium flow entering the freezing loop is distributed through the freezing flow dividing three-way valve, and freezing cold energy is output by the freezing evaporator;

freezing and refrigerating mode: the generator stops rotating, the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the output work of the expansion machine is the same as the consumed work of the compressor; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop, and the refrigerating evaporator outputs refrigerating cold; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop, and the freezing evaporator outputs freezing cold quantity;

and (3) generating mode: the compressor stalls; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes working medium flow to enter a power generation loop, and electric quantity is output through the expansion machine and the power generator;

a cold-electric mode: according to the refrigeration load requirement, the refrigeration shunt three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigeration loop, and the refrigeration evaporator outputs the required refrigeration cold quantity; according to the refrigeration load requirement, the refrigeration shunt three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigeration loop, and the refrigeration evaporator outputs the required refrigeration capacity; the rest working media enter a power generation loop through the freezing flow dividing three-way valve, and the electric quantity is output through the expansion machine and the power generator; and at the moment, the compressor normally operates or stops operating according to the working medium flow of the refrigerating loop and the freezing loop.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the thermodynamic cycle technology, and particularly relates to CO in a multifunctional refrigeration mode₂The combined cooling and power generation system is suitable for the requirements of large-range adjustment of cooling and power and multiple refrigeration modes.

Background

At present, waste heat recovery is increasingly and widely concerned as an important technical means for energy conservation and emission reduction. Cold electricity becomes two main energy output forms of a waste heat recovery system, and a cold electricity cogeneration system driven by waste heat can meet the requirement of multi-component energy. For some specific application occasions, the requirements of refrigerating temperature are different, and the requirements of cold and electricity are also different, so that the combined cooling and power generation system is required to have a large-range adjusting capacity and also have the capacity of respectively or parallelly operating a refrigerating mode and a freezing mode. At present, the waste heat energy conversion directions in a cascade type and self-coupling type-based combined cooling and power generation system are both focused on heat-electricity conversion, the large-range adjustment function of different requirements of cooling and power is difficult to achieve, the requirements on different refrigeration temperatures cannot be met in a single refrigeration mode, and structural improvement is needed. In addition, the use of only a single waste heat source increases the number of systemsAnd the waste heat recovery efficiency is limited, and a plurality of heat exchangers are required to realize the cascade utilization of waste heat sources of different grades. At the same time, CO₂The working medium is used as an environment-friendly safe working medium, can be used as a power generation circulating working medium, is a good refrigeration working medium, and has the potential of being used as a working medium of a combined cooling and power generation system.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the condition of the prior art, the invention provides CO in a multifunctional refrigeration mode₂Combined cooling and power generation systemThe multi-mode refrigeration system is suitable for large-range adjustment of cold electricity and multi-refrigeration-mode requirements, meets the cold electricity requirements at the same time, and realizes switching of multiple refrigeration modes when refrigeration temperature requirements change.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a multifunctional refrigeration mode CO₂The combined cooling and power generation system comprises a working medium pump, a preheater, a heat regenerator, a gas heater, an expander, a generator, a compressor, a back pressure valve, a freezing evaporator, a cold storage evaporator, a freezing expansion valve, a cold storage expansion valve, a condenser, a freezing shunt three-way valve and a cold storage shunt three-way valve. The generator and the compressor are driven by the expander; an outlet of the compressor is connected to an inlet of a condenser, and an outlet of the condenser is connected to an inlet of the refrigeration expansion valve and an inlet of the freezing shunt three-way valve through the refrigeration shunt three-way valve; an outlet of the refrigeration expansion valve is connected to an inlet of the refrigeration evaporator, and an outlet of the refrigeration evaporator is connected to an inlet of the compressor through the back pressure valve; the outlet of the freezing shunt three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the freezing expansion valve and the inlet of the working medium pump; an outlet of the freezing expansion valve is connected to an inlet of the freezing evaporator, and an outlet of the freezing evaporator is connected to an inlet of the compressor; the outlet of the working medium pump is connected to the inlet of the preheater, the outlet of the preheater is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator, the outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator is connected to the inlet of the gas heater, the outlet of the gas heater is connected to the inlet of the expander, the outlet of the expander is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator, and the outlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator is connected to the inlet of the condenser; the working medium of the circulating system is CO₂Working medium is divided into two paths by the refrigeration flow dividing three-way valve after passing through the condenser, and one path is a refrigeration loop: the refrigerant enters the refrigeration evaporator after being throttled and cooled by the refrigeration expansion valve and outputs cold energy to a high-temperature refrigerant; the other path enters the freezing flow dividing three-way valve to be further distributed; the working medium is divided into two paths by the freezing flow dividing three-way valve, wherein one path is a freezing loop: the refrigerant enters the refrigeration evaporator to output cold after being throttled and cooled by the refrigeration expansion valveMeasuring to low temperature refrigerant; the other path is a power generation loop: the waste heat is sequentially pressurized by the working medium pump, heated by the preheater, the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator and the gas heater and then enters the expansion machine to do work, the generator is dragged to generate electricity, and then the waste heat is transferred to the working medium on the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator through the high-temperature direction of the heat regenerator; the working medium of the refrigerating loop is regulated to the suction pressure of the compressor through the back pressure valve and then is converged with the working medium of the freezing loop to enter the compressor; and the working medium of the power generation loop is converged with the working medium at the outlet of the compressor at the high-temperature measuring port of the heat regenerator and enters the condenser.

CO adopting the multifunctional refrigeration mode₂The cold and power cogeneration system realizes the switching of multiple operation modes by adjusting the states of the refrigeration shunt three-way valve, the freezing shunt three-way valve, the compressor and the expander, wherein the multiple operation modes are respectively a freezing mode, a cold storage mode, a freezing and cold storage mode, a power generation mode or a cold and power mode.

A cold storage mode: the generator stops rotating, the refrigerating shunt three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the output work of the expansion machine is the same as the consumed work of the compressor; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop; working medium flow entering the refrigerating loop is distributed through the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve, and refrigerating cold energy is output by the refrigerating evaporator;

a freezing mode: the generator stops rotating, the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the output work of the expansion machine is the same as the consumed work of the compressor; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop; working medium flow entering the freezing loop is distributed through the freezing flow dividing three-way valve, and freezing cold energy is output by the freezing evaporator;

freezing and refrigerating mode: the generator stops rotating, the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the output work of the expansion machine is the same as the consumed work of the compressor; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop, and the refrigerating evaporator outputs refrigerating cold; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop, and the freezing evaporator outputs freezing cold quantity;

and (3) generating mode: the compressor stalls; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop; and the refrigeration flow dividing three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium to enter a power generation loop, and the electric quantity is output through the expansion machine and the power generator.

A cold-electric mode: according to the refrigeration load requirement, the refrigeration shunt three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigeration loop, and the refrigeration evaporator outputs the required refrigeration cold quantity; according to the refrigeration load requirement, the refrigeration shunt three-way valve distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigeration loop, and the refrigeration evaporator outputs the required refrigeration capacity; the rest working media enter a power generation loop through the freezing flow dividing three-way valve, and the electric quantity is output through the expansion machine and the power generator; and at the moment, the compressor normally operates or stops operating according to the working medium flow of the refrigerating loop and the freezing loop.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the circulating system integrates a waste heat recovery power generation system, a refrigeration system and a freezing system, and reduces system components; the system can realize the switching of multiple refrigeration operation modes and can realize the large-range adjustment of the cooling, heating and power loads; three heat exchangers are utilized to realize cascade utilization of multi-grade waste heat sources, the waste heat recovery efficiency of the system is improved, and the quantity of the system is reducedDamage; CO 2₂The working medium is safe and environment-friendly, can be well matched with a high-temperature heat source, and the size of the circulating part is reduced due to good heat exchange performance; CO 2₂The working medium can not only meet the refrigeration of an air conditioner above 0 ℃, but also meet the low-temperature requirement below 0 ℃, thereby being beneficial to the use of the cooling and power system in various fields.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a multi-functional cooling mode of the present inventionCO of₂The cold and power cogeneration system comprises a schematic diagram.

In the figure, 1-working medium pump, 2-preheater, 3-heat regenerator, 4-gas heater, 5-expander, 6-generator, 7-compressor, 8-back pressure valve, 9-freezing evaporator, 10-refrigerating evaporator, 11-freezing expansion valve, 12-refrigerating expansion valve, 13-condenser, 14-freezing shunt three-way valve and 15-refrigerating shunt three-way valve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-functional refrigeration mode CO of the present invention₂The combined cooling and power generation system comprises the following specific system structures: the system comprises a working medium pump 1, a preheater 2, a heat regenerator 3, a gas heater 4, an expander 5, a generator 6, a compressor 7, a back pressure valve 8, a freezing evaporator 9, a refrigerating evaporator 10, a freezing expansion valve 11, a refrigerating expansion valve 12, a condenser 13, a freezing shunt three-way valve 14 and a refrigerating shunt three-way valve 15.

The connection relationship among the parts is as follows:

the generator 6 and the compressor 7 are driven by the expander 5;

an outlet of the compressor 7 is connected to an inlet of a condenser 13, and an outlet of the condenser 13 is connected to an inlet of the refrigeration expansion valve 12 and an inlet of the freezing shunt three-way valve 14 through the refrigeration shunt three-way valve 15;

an outlet of the refrigeration expansion valve 12 is connected to an inlet of the refrigeration evaporator 10, and an outlet of the refrigeration evaporator 10 is connected to an inlet of the compressor 7 through the back pressure valve 8;

the outlet of the freezing shunt three-way valve 14 is connected to the inlet of the freezing expansion valve 11 and the inlet of the working medium pump 1;

the outlet of the freezing expansion valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the freezing evaporator 9, and the outlet of the freezing evaporator 9 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 7;

the outlet of the working medium pump 1 is connected to the inlet of the preheater 2, the outlet of the preheater 2 is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator 3, the outlet of the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator 3 is connected to the inlet of the gas heater 4, the outlet of the gas heater 4 is connected to the inlet of the expander 5, the outlet of the expander 5 is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature side of the heat regenerator 3, and the outlet of the heat regenerator 3 at the high temperature side is connected to the inlet of the condenser 13;

the working medium of the circulating system is CO₂The working medium is divided into two paths by the refrigeration dividing three-way valve 15 after passing through the condenser 13, wherein one path is a refrigeration loop: the refrigerant enters the refrigeration evaporator 10 after being throttled and cooled by the refrigeration expansion valve 12 to output cold energy to a high-temperature refrigerant; the other path enters the freezing diversion three-way valve 14 to be further distributed; the working medium is divided into two paths by the freezing flow dividing three-way valve 14, wherein one path is a freezing loop: the refrigerant enters the refrigeration evaporator 9 after being throttled and cooled by the refrigeration expansion valve 11 and outputs cold energy to a low-temperature refrigerant; the other path is a power generation loop: the waste heat is sequentially pressurized by the working medium pump 1, heated by the preheater 2, the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator 3 and the gas heater 4 and then enters the expander 5 to do work, the generator 6 is dragged to generate power, and then the waste heat is transferred to the working medium at the low-temperature side of the heat regenerator 3 through the high-temperature direction of the heat regenerator 3;

the working medium of the refrigerating loop is subjected to pressure regulation to the suction pressure of the compressor 7 through the back pressure valve 8 and then is converged with the working medium of the freezing loop to enter the compressor 7;

the working medium of the power generation loop is converged with the working medium at the outlet of the compressor 7 at the high-temperature measuring port of the heat regenerator 3 and enters the condenser 13;

the switching of multiple operation modes, namely a freezing mode, a refrigerating mode, a freezing and refrigerating mode, a power generation mode or a cold and power mode, is realized by adjusting the states of the refrigerating and shunting three-way valve 15, the freezing and shunting three-way valve 14, the compressor 7 and the expander 5.

A cold storage mode: the generator 6 stops rotating, the refrigerating shunt three-way valve 15 distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the work output by the expansion machine 5 is the same as the work consumed by the compressor 7; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve 14 cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop; working medium flow entering the refrigerating loop is distributed through the refrigerating shunt three-way valve 15, and refrigerating cold energy is output by the refrigerating evaporator 10;

a freezing mode: the generator 6 stops rotating, the freezing flow dividing three-way valve 14 distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the work output by the expansion machine 5 is the same as the work consumed by the compressor 7; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve 15 cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop; working medium flow entering the freezing loop is distributed through the freezing shunt three-way valve 14, and freezing cold energy is output by the freezing evaporator 9;

freezing and refrigerating mode: the generator 6 stops rotating, the freezing flow dividing three-way valve 14 distributes the flow of the working medium entering the power generation loop, and the work output by the expansion machine 5 is the same as the work consumed by the compressor 7; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve 15 distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop, and the refrigerating evaporator 10 outputs refrigerating cold; the freezing shunt three-way valve 14 distributes the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop, and the freezing evaporator 9 outputs the freezing cold quantity;

and (3) generating mode: the compressor 7 is stopped; the refrigerating flow dividing three-way valve 15 cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the refrigerating loop; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve 14 cuts off the flow of the working medium entering the freezing loop; the freezing flow dividing three-way valve 14 distributes working medium flow to enter a power generation loop, and electric quantity is output through the expansion machine 5 and the power generator 6.

A cold-electric mode: according to the refrigeration load requirement, the refrigeration shunt three-way valve 15 distributes the flow of the working medium entering the refrigeration loop, and the refrigeration evaporator 10 outputs the required refrigeration cold quantity; according to the refrigeration load requirement, the refrigeration shunt three-way valve 14 distributes the working medium flow entering the refrigeration loop, and the refrigeration evaporator 9 outputs the required refrigeration capacity; the rest working media enter a power generation loop through the freezing shunt three-way valve 14, and the electric quantity is output through the expansion machine 5 and the power generator 6; at the moment, the compressor 7 normally operates or stops operating according to the working medium flow of the refrigeration loop and the freezing loop.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.