阅读说明：本技术 应用投影分析法进行水轮发电机组轴线调整的方法 (Method for adjusting axis of hydroelectric generating set by using projection analysis method ) 是由 张晋境 熊佳进 黄霄 江旭 孔祥宇 曹松黎 于 2021-01-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种应用投影分析法进行水轮发电机组轴线调整的方法,在推力头与镜板倾斜开口之间塞入多个垫片,分别确定多个垫片的位置和垫片高度,将确定的多个垫片沿推力头的X轴镜像放置到推力头另一侧存放,将推力头塞垫到与镜板平行,以使主轴保持垂直。此次技术创新成果可以应用到很多水电机组的检修,尤其是轴线调整和机组导瓦的间隙分配,提高工作效率,减少了盘车次数和所需时间,缩短了检修工期。(The invention provides a method for adjusting the axis of a hydroelectric generating set by applying a projection analysis method. The technical innovation achievement can be applied to the overhaul of a plurality of hydroelectric generating sets, particularly the clearance distribution of the axis adjustment and the set guide shoe, the working efficiency is improved, the turning times and the required time are reduced, and the overhaul period is shortened.)

1. A method for adjusting the axis of a hydroelectric generating set by applying a projection analysis method is characterized in that: inserting a plurality of gaskets between the thrust collar (1) and the inclined opening of the mirror plate (2), respectively determining the placing positions and the thicknesses of the gaskets, placing the determined plurality of gaskets on the other side of the thrust collar (1) along the X axis of the thrust collar (1) in a mirror image mode, and plugging the thrust collar (1) to be horizontally parallel to the mirror plate (2) so as to enable the spindle (5) to be kept vertical.

2. The method for adjusting the axis of the hydroelectric generating set by using the projection analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

the position confirmation method of the gasket comprises the following steps:

s1, after the position of the first gasket (3) is calculated by measuring the pendulum value of the main shaft (5) to obtain the maximum pendulum orientation of the main shaft (5), the placing direction of the first gasket (3) is also determined after the maximum pendulum orientation is determined, namely the intersection point of the Y axis and the excircle of the thrust head (1);

s2, after the orientation position of the first gasket (3) in the direction is confirmed, placing the first gasket (3), wherein one end of the first gasket (3) is abutted against the thrust head (1), one end of the first gasket is abutted against the mirror plate (2), and the height of the first gasket (3) is confirmed to be the maximum opening height;

s2, the position of the first gasket (3) is a Y axis, and the X axis of the thrust head (1) is confirmed through the Y axis;

s3, placing a second gasket (4) on one side of the first gasket (3), respectively decreasing by-0.01 mm, confirming the height of the second gasket (4), calculating the vertical distance between the second gasket (4) and the first gasket (3), calculating the excircle arc length between the second gasket (4) and the first gasket (3), and sequentially placing a plurality of gaskets according to the method;

s4, after the placement of the gaskets on one side of the X axis is finished, after the positions and the heights of the gaskets are confirmed, the confirmed gaskets are placed on the other side of the thrust head (1) through the X axis mirror image, and the positions of the gaskets on the other side of the X axis of the thrust head (1) are confirmed through the calculated data;

s5, placing the first gasket (3) at a first adjusting gasket position (6) through the calculated position, placing the second gasket (4) at a second adjusting gasket position (7) through the calculated position, sequentially placing a plurality of gaskets at the calculated positions, and padding the thrust head (1) to be parallel to the mirror plate (2).

3. The method for adjusting the axis of the hydroelectric generating set by using the projection analysis method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

the shortest distance between the gasket and the outer circle of the thrust head (1) is calculated by the following steps:

identifying heights of multiple shimsCalculating a₁、a₂、a₃According to the geometric knowledge of similar triangles, the following can be obtained:

wherein, a₁The distance between the side gasket and the first gasket (3) is vertical;

r is the diameter of the thrust collar (1);

the maximum opening distance of the inclination of the thrust head (1) and the mirror plate (2).

4. The method for adjusting the axis of the hydroelectric generating set by using the projection analysis method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that:

sequentially find a₁、a₂、a₃Corresponding arc length with the Y axis;

wherein beta is an included angle between the gasket and the Y axis.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of adjusting axes of a hydroelectric generating set, in particular to a method for adjusting axes of the hydroelectric generating set by applying a projection analysis method.

Background

The thrust bearing is stressed axially along the direction of the large shaft of the hydraulic generator and bears the whole weight of the vertical hydraulic generator set, the weight of the hydraulic generator is transmitted to the thrust bush through the thrust head (mirror plate), in order to ensure the verticality of the thrust head (mirror plate) and the shaft of the hydraulic generator set, a plastic insulating gasket is arranged between the thrust head and the mirror plate, the upper guide bearing, the lower guide bearing and the water guide bearing are stressed radially, namely the direction of the diameter of the large shaft of the hydraulic generator set, and bear the radial swing force in the rotation process of the hydraulic generator set, and the shaft of the hydraulic generator are connected through a.

The ideal installation state of the vertical hydraulic generator is that the hydraulic generator is a straight line with a large shaft, the center of each guide bearing is concentric with the rotating center line of the hydraulic generator set, and 3 problems easily appear when the vertical hydraulic generator set is installed for the first time or is installed after A-level overhaul: firstly, high points appear on an insulating gasket between a thrust head and a mirror plate of a generator thrust bearing, so that the perpendicularity of the axis of a generator shaft exceeds the standard; secondly, high points are locally generated at the coupling flange of the shaft generator shaft of the water turbine, and a break point is generated at the coupling flange, so that the straightness of the shaft generator shaft of the water turbine cannot meet the requirement; and thirdly, the clearance between the bearing bush and the shaft collar controlled by each bearing exceeds the standard, and the direct result of the three reasons is that each guide bearing generates high temperature after the unit operates and is forced to stop.

As is well known, the measurement and adjustment of the axis of the water turbine generator set are always important steps for the maintenance of the water turbine generator set, and are also one of the necessary working procedures of B-level maintenance and the maintenance of each set. Along with the increase of the unit operation life, the unit comprehensive inspection period is shorter and shorter, and the quality of the unit axis determines the overhaul period to a certain extent.

Most of the papers for processing the unit axis in the Chinese knowning network database are based on the least square method to fit a curve to achieve the purpose of calculating the maximum swing value and the maximum swing azimuth. The team consults relevant mathematical data (linear algebra, algebraic geometry and advanced mathematics) and overhaul books (hydro-generator overhaul), combines the field condition of the axis adjustment, introduces the concept of coordinate projection, and combines a least square fitting curve to complete the axis adjustment.

Although most hydroelectric generating sets rotate clockwise at present, a few hydroelectric generating sets rotate anticlockwise, such as a tunnel power station in Xuan county in Hubei province. When the machine set which is frequently adjusted to rotate clockwise is overhauled and adjusted to rotate anticlockwise suddenly, a plurality of parameters and orientations need to be marked and understood again, and errors are easy to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a method for adjusting the axis of a water-turbine generator set by applying a projection analysis method, and solves the problem that the axis of the water-turbine generator set is easy to make mistakes.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for adjusting the axis of a hydroelectric generating set by using a projection analysis method comprises the steps of inserting a plurality of gaskets between a thrust head and a tilt opening of a mirror plate, respectively determining the positions and the heights of the plurality of gaskets, placing the plurality of determined gaskets on the other side of the thrust head along an X-axis mirror image of the thrust head for storage, and inserting the thrust head to be parallel to the mirror plate so as to enable a main shaft to be vertical.

The position confirmation method of the gasket comprises the following steps:

s1, after the position of the first gasket is calculated by measuring the swing value of the main shaft to obtain the maximum swing position of the main shaft, the placement direction of the first gasket is determined after the maximum swing position is determined, namely the intersection point of the Y shaft and the excircle of the thrust head;

s2, after confirming the direction of the first gasket, placing the first gasket, wherein one end of the first gasket is propped against the thrust head, the other end of the first gasket is propped against the mirror plate, and the height of the first gasket is confirmed to be the maximum opening height;

s2, setting the position of the first gasket as a Y axis, and confirming the X axis of the thrust head through the Y axis;

s3, placing a second gasket on one side of the first gasket, respectively decreasing by-0.01 mm, confirming the height of the second gasket, calculating the vertical distance between the second gasket and the first gasket, calculating the excircle arc length between the second gasket and the first gasket, and sequentially placing a plurality of gaskets according to the method;

s4, after the placement of the gaskets on one side of the X axis is finished, after the positions and the heights of the gaskets are confirmed, the confirmed gaskets are placed on the other side of the thrust head through the X axis mirror image, and the positions of the gaskets on the other side of the X axis of the thrust head are confirmed through the calculated data;

s5, the first shim is placed at the first adjusting shim position by the calculated position, the second shim is placed at the second adjusting shim position by the calculated position, the plurality of shims are sequentially placed at the calculated position, and the thrust head is padded to be parallel to the mirror plate.

The shortest distance between the gasket and the outer circle of the thrust head is calculated by the following method:

identifying heights of multiple shimsCalculating a₁、a₂、a₃According to the geometric knowledge of similar triangles, the following can be obtained:

wherein, a₁The distance between the side gasket and the first gasket is vertical;

r is the diameter of the thrust collar;

the maximum opening distance for the thrust collar to tilt with the mirror plate.

Sequentially find a₁、a₂、a₃Corresponding arc length with the Y axis;

wherein beta is an included angle between the gasket and the Y axis.

The invention provides a method for adjusting the axis of a hydroelectric generating set by using a projection analysis method, which is characterized in that a coordinate projection analysis method is applied in the process of processing barring data, the authenticity of the barring data is judged by integrating a least square method fitting curve method, and the swing between all segmented shafts is comprehensively considered, so that a method for rapidly calculating the thicknesses and the maximum swing orientations of gaskets at a mirror plate and a flange is provided. Compared with the prior processing method, the method is more effective and accurate, and expands the process of adjusting the axis. Through the function of excel table, relevant software is established, and axis adjustment scheme is automatically calculated, which is more specific and direct compared with the prior method. And the manual calculation and software calculation mutual evidence mode of the overhaul field accelerates the adjustment process of the unit axis and improves the turning quality. The technical innovation achievement can be applied to the overhaul of a plurality of hydroelectric generating sets, particularly the clearance distribution of the axis adjustment and the set guide shoe, the working efficiency is improved, the turning times and the required time are reduced, and the overhaul period is shortened.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hydro-generator thrust block spacer placement of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a hydro-generator thrust collar spacer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arc length corresponding to the gasket of the present invention;

in the figure: a thrust collar 1; a mirror plate 2; a first gasket 3; a second gasket 4; a main shaft 5; first spacer position 6; second shim position 7.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a method for adjusting the axis of a hydroelectric generating set by using a projection analysis method includes inserting a plurality of spacers between a thrust collar 1 and an inclined opening of a mirror plate 2, respectively determining the positions and heights of the plurality of spacers, placing the plurality of determined spacers on the other side of the thrust collar 1 along an X-axis of the thrust collar 1 in a mirror image manner, and storing the determined spacers, and inserting the thrust collar 1 in a manner of being parallel to the mirror plate 2, so that a main shaft 5 is kept vertical.

The position confirmation method of the gasket comprises the following steps:

the position of the first gasket 3 is calculated by measuring the pendulum value of the main shaft 5 to obtain the maximum pendulum position of the main shaft 5, and the placing direction of the first gasket 3 is also determined after the maximum pendulum position is determined, namely the intersection point of the Y axis and the excircle of the thrust head 1;

after the orientation position of the first gasket 3 is confirmed, the first gasket 3 is placed, one end of the first gasket 3 is abutted against the thrust collar 1, the other end of the first gasket is abutted against the mirror plate 2, and the height of the first gasket 3 is confirmed to be the maximum opening height.

The position of the first shim 3 is the Y-axis, and the X-axis of the thrust collar 1 is confirmed by the Y-axis.

Placing a second gasket 4 on one side of the first gasket 3, respectively decreasing the height of the second gasket 4 by minus 0.01mm, calculating the vertical distance between the second gasket 4 and the first gasket 3, calculating the excircle arc length between the second gasket 4 and the first gasket 3 according to the structure shown in figure 2, and sequentially placing a plurality of gaskets according to the method.

After the placement of the gaskets on one side of the X axis is finished, after the positions and the heights of the gaskets are confirmed, the confirmed gaskets are placed on the other side of the thrust collar 1 through the X axis mirror image, and the positions of the gaskets on the other side of the X axis of the thrust collar 1 are confirmed through calculated data.

The first shim 3 is placed by the calculated position to the first trim shim position 6, the second shim 4 is placed by the calculated position to the second trim shim position 7, and the plurality of shims are sequentially placed at the calculated positions to pad the thrust collar 1 parallel to the mirror plate 2.

The shortest distance between the gasket and the outer circle of the thrust collar 1 is calculated by the following method:

identifying a plurality of padsHeightCalculating a₁、a₂、a₃The method can be obtained according to the geometric knowledge of the similar triangles, such as the structure shown in FIG. 1;

wherein, a₁The distance between the side gasket and the first gasket 3 is vertical;

r is the diameter of the thrust collar 1;

the thrust collar 1 is tilted away from the mirror plate 2 by the maximum opening distance, as shown in the structure of FIG. 1.

Sequentially find a₁、a₂、a₃Corresponding arc length with the Y axis;

the structure shown in FIG. 2;

wherein beta is an included angle between the gasket and the Y axis. Therefore, the gasket method based on the projection area method is accurate and direct, is easy to learn, contributes to popularization, and improves the adjustment efficiency.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and equivalents including technical features described in the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.