阅读说明：本技术 一种循环水流量的测量方法及系统 (Method and system for measuring circulating water flow ) 是由 刘浩 杨建柱 部俊峰 陈志新 王子奇 于 2021-01-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开公开的一种循环水流量的测量方法及系统,包括：获取除凝汽器出口循环水热量外的输入热力系的热量、除凝汽器入口循环水热量外的输出热力系的热量及凝汽器入口循环水温度、凝汽器出口循环水温度；根据能量平衡方程对输入回热系统的热量和输出回热系统的热量进行计算,获得被循环水带走的热量；根据被循环水带走的热量、凝汽器入口循环水温度及凝汽器出口循环水温度计算获得循环水流量。实现了对循环水流量的准确测量。(The utility model discloses a method and a system for measuring the flow of circulating water, which comprises the following steps: acquiring heat of an input thermodynamic system except for the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermodynamic system except for the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser; calculating the heat input into the regenerative system and the heat output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat taken away by circulating water; and calculating to obtain the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser. The accurate measurement of the circulating water flow is realized.)

1. A method for measuring the flow of circulating water is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring heat of an input thermodynamic system except for the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermodynamic system except for the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser;

calculating the heat input into the regenerative system and the heat output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat taken away by circulating water;

and calculating to obtain the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of inputting heat into the thermodynamic system comprises: circulating water heat and main steam input heat at the outlet of the condenser, reheat steam input heat, system heat added by a water feed pump, system heat added by a condensate pump, system heat added by a low-pressure drainage pump and process steam/water heat entering the system;

the heat of the output thermodynamic system comprises: the heat of circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the output heat of main feed water to the boiler, the output heat of cold and reheat steam, the output heat of reheated desuperheating water, the active power of a generator, the excitation power of the generator, the mechanical loss of a steam turbine, the loss of the generator, the heat dissipation loss of the steam turbine and the heat of process steam/water leaving the system.

3. The method for measuring the flow rate of circulating water according to claim 2, wherein the main steam flow rate of the turbine is collected to calculate the input heat of the main steam;

acquiring reheat steam pressure and reheat steam absolute temperature, calculating reheat steam flow according to the reheat steam pressure and the reheat steam absolute temperature under a design working condition, and calculating reheat steam input heat according to the reheat steam flow;

the heat of the feeding system of the water feeding pump is 0;

collecting the flow of condensate water, and calculating the heat of the condensate pump added into the system according to the flow of the condensate water;

the heat of the low-pressure and high-pressure drainage pump added into the system is ignored;

the process steam/water flow into the system is collected to calculate the heat of the process steam/water entering the system.

4. The method for measuring the flow of circulating water according to claim 2, wherein the output heat of the main feed water to the boiler is calculated by obtaining the flow of the main feed water to the boiler; obtaining the flow of the cold re-steam and calculating the output heat of the cold re-steam; acquiring the exhaust flow of a high-pressure cylinder and calculating the output heat of the reheated desuperheating water; the heat of the process steam/water leaving the system is calculated by taking the amount of process steam/water leaving the system.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the high pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow is the difference between the reheat steam flow and the reheater desuperheater water flow.

6. The method for measuring the flow of the circulating water according to claim 1, wherein the acquired data is subjected to steady-state screening, abnormal data is eliminated, and the data subjected to the steady-state screening is used for calculating the heat taken away by the circulating water.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein a thermal resistor is provided at each of an inlet and an outlet of the condenser, and the condenser inlet circulating water temperature and the condenser outlet circulating water temperature are measured by the thermal resistor.

8. A measurement system of circulating water flow, characterized by comprising:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring heat of an input thermal system except the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermal system except the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser;

the heat quantity acquisition module is used for calculating the heat quantity input into the regenerative system and the heat quantity output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat quantity taken away by the circulating water;

and the circulating water flow obtaining module is used for calculating and obtaining the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the condenser inlet circulating water temperature and the condenser outlet circulating water temperature.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of a method of measuring a flow of circulating water according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of a method of measuring a flow of circulating water according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of power engineering, in particular to a method and a system for measuring circulating water flow.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

The calculation of the circulating water flow has important significance for the online monitoring of the performance of a cooling tower and a condenser of a thermal power generating unit and the optimization of the running mode of a circulating water pump, the measurement method of the ultrasonic flow is basically adopted for the measurement of the circulating water flow of the power plant at present, and the main problems of the ultrasonic flow measurement are as follows: the length of a circulating water straight pipe section on site cannot meet the standard requirement; the internal state of the circulating water pipeline is poor, the interference on the transmission and the reception of ultrasonic signals is large, and circulating water flow data cannot be accurately measured.

At present, there is also a method for online soft measurement of circulating water flow, which includes acquiring real-time operation data of a unit DCS system, then obtaining a current unit operation heat rate by combining a heat rate curve, then calculating a current condenser heat load, and finally calculating circulating water flow according to the condenser heat load. The method estimates the heat absorption capacity of the boiler by using the heat rate curve fitted by tests, has larger calculation error, and does not consider other heat input and heat loss, so that the obtained circulating water flow is inaccurate.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a method and a system for measuring a circulating water flow, which calculate the heat taken away by the circulating water through an energy balance equation of a thermodynamic system, and further calculate the circulating water flow, thereby implementing an accurate measurement of the circulating water flow.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:

in a first aspect, a method for measuring a circulating water flow is provided, which includes:

acquiring heat of an input thermodynamic system except for the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermodynamic system except for the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser;

calculating the heat input into the regenerative system and the heat output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat taken away by circulating water;

and calculating to obtain the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser.

In a second aspect, a system for measuring a flow rate of circulating water is provided, which includes:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring heat of an input thermal system except the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermal system except the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser;

the heat quantity acquisition module is used for calculating the heat quantity input into the regenerative system and the heat quantity output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat quantity taken away by the circulating water;

and the circulating water flow obtaining module is used for calculating and obtaining the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the condenser inlet circulating water temperature and the condenser outlet circulating water temperature.

In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method for measuring a circulating water flow.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, perform the steps of a method for measuring a flow of circulating water.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:

1. the heat taken away by the circulating water is calculated by acquiring the heat of an input thermal system except the heat of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser and the heat of an output thermal system except the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, and then the flow of the circulating water is calculated, so that the accurate measurement of the flow of the circulating water is realized.

Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a thermal system energy flow of a steam turbine involved in the method disclosed in example 1 of the present disclosure.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In the present disclosure, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only relational terms determined for convenience in describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present disclosure, and do not refer to any parts or elements of the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and mean either a fixed connection or an integrally connected or detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be determined on a case-by-case basis by persons skilled in the relevant art or technicians, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure.

Example 1

In order to realize accurate measurement of the circulating water flow, the embodiment discloses a method for measuring the circulating water flow, which includes:

acquiring heat of an input thermodynamic system except for the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermodynamic system except for the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser;

calculating the heat input into the regenerative system and the heat output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat taken away by circulating water;

and calculating to obtain the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser.

Further, the heat input into the thermal power system comprises: circulating water heat and main steam input heat at the outlet of the condenser, reheat steam input heat, system heat added by a water feed pump, system heat added by a condensate pump, system heat added by a low-pressure drainage pump and process steam/water heat entering the system;

the heat of the output thermodynamic system comprises: the heat of circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the output heat of main feed water to the boiler, the output heat of cold and reheat steam, the output heat of reheated desuperheating water, the active power of a generator, the excitation power of the generator, the mechanical loss of a steam turbine, the loss of the generator, the heat dissipation loss of the steam turbine and the heat of process steam/water leaving the system.

Further, collecting the main steam flow of the steam turbine to calculate the main steam input heat;

acquiring reheat steam pressure and reheat steam absolute temperature, calculating reheat steam flow according to the reheat steam pressure and the reheat steam absolute temperature under a design working condition, and calculating reheat steam input heat according to the reheat steam flow;

the heat of the feeding system of the water feeding pump is 0;

collecting the flow of condensate water, and calculating the heat of the condensate pump added into the system according to the flow of the condensate water;

the heat of the low-pressure and high-pressure drainage pump added into the system is ignored;

the process steam/water flow into the system is collected to calculate the heat of the process steam/water entering the system.

Further, obtaining the main feed water flow of the boiler and calculating the output heat of the main feed water of the boiler; obtaining the flow of the cold re-steam and calculating the output heat of the cold re-steam; acquiring the exhaust flow of a high-pressure cylinder and calculating the output heat of the reheated desuperheating water; the heat of the process steam/water leaving the system is calculated by taking the amount of process steam/water leaving the system.

Further, the exhaust steam flow of the high-pressure cylinder is the difference between the reheat steam flow and the reheater desuperheating water flow.

Further, steady-state screening is carried out on the collected data, abnormal data are removed, and the data after the steady-state screening is used for calculating the heat taken away by the circulating water.

Furthermore, thermal resistors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the condenser, and the inlet circulating water temperature of the condenser and the outlet circulating water temperature of the condenser are measured through the thermal resistors.

A method for measuring a circulating water flow disclosed in this embodiment will be described in detail.

The embodiment provides a method for measuring the circulating water flow, which is used for calculating the circulating water flow by utilizing real-time data of thermal parameters of a power plant, aiming at the problem that the existing circulating water flow cannot be accurately measured. The measurement method does not need to calculate the exhaust steam and the steam leakage of the low-pressure cylinder, can accurately calculate the circulating water flow rate only according to the pressure and the temperature of the known steam inlet and exhaust steam inlet and intermediate-pressure cylinder steam inlet and water supply regenerative system of the steam turbine set, the water temperature of circulating water flowing through a condenser at an inlet and an outlet, the power of a generator and other thermal parameters, and has the advantages of simple calculation and high calculation speed.

The technical scheme of the embodiment is that a regenerative system of the turbo generator set including a condenser is regarded as a closed thermal system, when the change of stored energy of working media in the system is ignored, energy added into the regenerative system from the outside is equal to energy output to the outside by the regenerative system, heat taken away by circulating water in the condenser can be solved by an energy balance equation, and finally, circulating water flow flowing through the condenser is calculated.

A steam turbine thermodynamic system energy flow diagram is shown in fig. 1, which illustrates schematically the thermodynamic process of a thermal power plant and defines the boundaries of the thermodynamic system to be considered, the dotted lines being the boundaries of the thermodynamic system to be considered, the thermal system to be considered being within the dotted lines. For the closed-end thermal system under study, the energy carried by the regenerative steam extraction and the leakage steam of the door rod and the shaft seal is the energy circulation in the system, so the energy of the regenerative steam extraction and the leakage steam of the door rod and the shaft seal does not need to be considered.

The amount of heat removed by the circulating water is defined as follows:

Q_cond＝Q_{CW_O}-Q_{CW_I}＝Q_{HPT_I}-Q_{FW_0}+Q_{IPT_I}-Q_{HPT_O}-Q_{DS_O}+Q_{FWP_I}+Q_{CEP_I}+Q_{DRP_I}-P_{GEN_EL}-P_{GEN_Ex}-P_{MECH_L}-P_{GEN_L}-Q_RAD+Q_{PS_I}-Q_{PS_O} (1)

in the formula:

Q_CONDkJ/s, the heat taken away by the circulating water;

Q_{CW_O}the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser is kJ/s;

Q_{CW_I}the heat of circulating water at the inlet of the condenser is kJ/s;

Q_{HPT_I}heat is input for main steam, kJ/s;

Q_{FW_O}outputting heat for removing main feed water of the boiler, kJ/s;

Q_{IPT_I}heat input for reheat steam, kJ/s;

Q_{HPT_O}outputting heat for cold re-steam, kJ/s;

Q_{DS_O}outputting heat for the reheated desuperheating water in kJ/s;

Q_{FWP_I}adding system heat for a water supply pump, kJ/s;

Q_{CEP_I}adding system heat for a condensate pump, kJ/s;

Q_{DRP_I}adding system heat for a low-pressure hydrophobic pump, kJ/s;

P_{GEN_EL}active power for the generator, kW;

P_{GEN_EX}is the excitation power of the generator, kW;

P_{MECH_L}mechanical loss for steam turbine, kW;

P_{GEN_L}for generator losses, kW;

Q_RADkJ/s is the heat dissipation loss of the steam turbine;

Q_{PS_I}heat of process steam/water entering the system, kJ/s;

Q_{PS_O}heat of process steam/water leaving the system, kJ/s.

In addition: q_cond＝M_CW×Cp_CW×(T_CWO-TC_WI) (2)

In the formula:

M_CWthe circulating water flow of the condenser is kg/S;

Cp_CWthe specific heat of circulating water is kJ/(kg. ℃);

T_CWOthe temperature of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser is at the temperature of DEG C;

T_CWIthe temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser is lower than the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser.

And calculating the final water supply flow by using the mass and heat balance method of the high-pressure heater and the deaerator by taking the flow of condensed water at the inlet of the deaerator as the main flow. The main steam flow of the turbine is approximately equal to the feedwater flow, taking into account the 0.1% loss.

Q_{HPT_I}-Q_{FW_0}＝G_{HPT_I}h_{HPT_I}-G_{FW_o}h_{FW_O} (3)

In the formula, G_{HPT_I}The main steam flow is kg/s; g_{FW_O}The flow rate of main feed water to the boiler is kg/s; h_{HPT_I}The specific enthalpy of the main steam is kJ/kg; h_{FW_O}The specific enthalpy of the main feed water to the boiler is kJ/kg.

The main steam flow of the steam turbine is approximately equal to the feed water flow, the loss of 0.1% is considered, the feed water flow is obtained by taking the condensate flow at the inlet of the deaerator as the main flow and calculating by utilizing the mass and heat balance methods of the high-pressure heater and the deaerator, so the main steam flow of the steam turbine is obtained by collecting the condensate flow at the inlet of the deaerator and calculating, and the enthalpy value of the working medium can be obtained by corresponding pressure and temperature according to IAPWS software.

Reheat steam flow G_IPT-ICalculated according to the fledgree formula, which is as follows:

in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,the method comprises the following steps of (1) designing reheat steam flow in kg/s under a working condition; p, T are reheat steam pressure (MPa) and reheat steam absolute temperature (K) respectively, and superscript e represents the design operating mode, calculates reheat steam flow with equation (4), calculates through gathering reheat steam pressure, reheat steam absolute temperature and obtains reheat steam flow.

Collecting reheater desuperheating water flow and high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow G_{HPT_O}Equal to the difference between the reheat steam flow and the reheater desuperheated water flow.

Q_{IPT_I}-Q_{HPT_O}-Q_{DS_O}＝G_{IPT_I}h_{IPT_I}-G_{HPT_O}h_{HPT_O}-G_{DS_O}h_{DS_O} (5)

The heat of the feed water pump added to the system is a function of the feed water flow and the enthalpy rise of feed water passing through the feed water pump, and for the steam feed pump, the heat of the feed water pump added to the system is 0 because the inlet steam of the small steam turbine is the extraction steam of the steam turbine.

The amount of heat added to the system by the condensate pump is a function of the flow of condensate and the enthalpy rise of the condensate as it passes through the condensate pump.

The heat added into the system by the low-pressure hydrophobic pump is negligible due to a small numerical value.

Q_{PS_I}-Q_{PS_O}＝G_{PS_I}h_{PS_I}-G_{PS_O}h_{PS_O} (6)

Where G, h is the process steam/water flow (kg/s) and specific enthalpy (kJ/kg) entering and leaving the system, respectively. The flow can be directly obtained by a meter, and the enthalpy value of the working medium can be calculated by corresponding pressure and temperature according to IAPWS software.

Steam turbine heat dissipation loss Q_RADThe energy added into the system is 0.15 percent, and can be increased or decreased according to the actual condition of the equipment.

The active power of the generator and the excitation power of the generator can be directly obtained by a meter.

And calculating the mechanical loss of the steam turbine and the loss of the generator according to the design efficiency value.

Circulating water specific heat Cp_CWCondenser circulating water inlet and outlet temperature T which is a function of water temperature at constant pressure and can be measured_CWIAnd T_CWOIs calculated according to IAPWS software.

The method comprises the following steps:

s1: collecting operation data in real time, wherein the collected operation data comprises deaerator inlet condensate flow, main steam temperature, main steam pressure, boiler main feed water flow, boiler main feed water temperature and pressure, reheating steam pressure and temperature, reheater desuperheating water flow, high-pressure cylinder exhaust temperature and pressure, process steam/water flow entering a system and leaving the system, process steam/water temperature and pressure entering the system and leaving the system, and circulating water temperature at a condenser inlet and circulating water temperature at a condenser outlet; the system comprises a condenser, a temperature sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein thermal resistance measurement is arranged at an inlet and an; in the measuring process, unit system operation of the unit is kept, load stability of the unit is kept, operation data are kept stable, pollution discharge, water discharge and steam discharge to the outside of the system are stopped, and main parameters such as main reheat steam parameters, circulating water temperature and the like adopt double measuring points.

S2: and carrying out steady-state screening on the collected operation data, and rejecting obvious abnormal data to avoid influencing the precision of the calculation result.

And S4, respectively calculating the input and output heat of the system in the equations (1), (3), (4), (5) and (6) by using the processed data to obtain the heat taken away by the circulating water.

S5: according to equation (2), the circulating water flow through the condenser is calculated.

By adopting the method for measuring the flow of the circulating water disclosed by the embodiment, the example calculation is carried out on one 660MW unit operation unit of a certain coal-fired power plant, 50 groups of data are selected from normal operation of the unit from 3 and 15 days in 2018 to 12 and 30 days in 2019, the relative standard deviation of the calculation result is less than 0.25%, and the method is proved to have higher precision. The method can accurately obtain the circulating water flow under different circulating water pump operation modes, and plays a positive role in optimizing the circulating water pump operation mode and diagnosing and analyzing the performance of a cooling tower and a condenser of a thermal power generating unit. The method has strong universality and can be suitable for the steam turbine units with different types and different loads.

Example 2

In this embodiment, a system for measuring a circulating water flow is disclosed, which includes:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring heat of an input thermal system except the heat of circulating water at the outlet of the condenser, heat of an output thermal system except the heat of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser, the temperature of the circulating water at the inlet of the condenser and the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the condenser;

the heat quantity acquisition module is used for calculating the heat quantity input into the regenerative system and the heat quantity output from the regenerative system according to an energy balance equation to obtain the heat quantity taken away by the circulating water;

and the circulating water flow obtaining module is used for calculating and obtaining the circulating water flow according to the heat taken away by the circulating water, the condenser inlet circulating water temperature and the condenser outlet circulating water temperature.

Example 3

In this embodiment, an electronic device is disclosed, which includes a memory, a processor and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method for measuring a circulating water flow disclosed in embodiment 1.

Example 4

In this embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is disclosed for storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of a method for measuring a flow rate of circulating water disclosed in embodiment 1.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.