Feed additive and preparation method and application thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法和应用 (Feed additive and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 刘晓凯 张炜 蔡娟 于 2021-03-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及添加剂的技术领域,具体公开了一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法和应用。一种饲料添加剂,包括：25-羟基维生素D-3；维生素E胡萝卜素；丝兰提取物；蛋氨酸铬；酵母硒；酒石酸铁；玉米淀粉；其制备方法为：将各组分混合均匀制得；其应用于饲喂猪。本申请能够明显提高母猪的受孕率；并且提高了受孕母猪对营养物质的利用率,增加了受孕母猪乳房内的血液循环,促进乳质合成；还提高了初生仔猪的窝重,以及提高了初生仔猪的免疫力,降低了初生仔猪的死亡率；提高了种猪的生产性能,并促进了仔猪的生长发育的速度、为后续生长发育阶段打下良好基础。(The application relates to the technical field of additives, and particularly discloses a feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof. A feed additive comprising: 25-hydroxy vitamin D 3 (ii) a Vitamin E carotene; a yucca extract; chromium methionine; yeastSelenium; iron tartrate; corn starch; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the components uniformly to obtain the product; it is used for feeding pigs. The application can obviously improve the conception rate of the sow; the utilization rate of nutrient substances of the pregnant sow is improved, the blood circulation in the breast of the pregnant sow is increased, and the synthesis of milk is promoted; the litter weight of the newborn piglets is also improved, the immunity of the newborn piglets is improved, and the death rate of the newborn piglets is reduced; improves the production performance of the breeding pigs, promotes the growth and development speed of piglets, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent growth and development stage.)
1. A feed additive, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by mass: 25-hydroxy vitamin D3: 0.046-0.054 parts; vitamin E: 17.5-22.5 parts; carotene: 1.325-1.675 parts; yucca extract: 49.5-50.5 parts; chromium methionine: 0.1775-0.2225 parts; selenium yeast: 0.0825-0.1175 parts; iron tartrate: 0.125-0.155 portion; corn starch: 27.975-28.325 parts.
2. A feed additive according to claim 1 wherein: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by mass: 25-hydroxy vitamin D3: 0.05 part; vitamin E: 20 parts of (1); carotene: 1.5 parts; yucca extract: 50 parts of a mixture; chromium methionine: 0.2 part; selenium yeast: 0.1 part; iron tartrate: 0.14 part; corn starch: 28.15 parts.
3. A feed additive according to claim 1 wherein: the content of saponin in the yucca extract is more than or equal to 12 percent, B50The value is less than or equal to4mg。
4. A process for the preparation of a feed additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: drying the corn starch until the water content is lower than 7wt%, and uniformly mixing with other components to obtain the additive.
5. Use of a feed additive according to any one of claims 1-3 for feeding pigs.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pigs comprise sows and piglets of 30-60 days old.
7. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the addition amount of the feed additive accounts for 0.05-0.15wt% of the weight of the basic pig feed.
8. Use of a feed additive according to claim 5, wherein: the addition amount of the feed additive accounts for 0.1wt% of the weight of the basic pig feed.
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of additives, in particular to a feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Pig also named pig and pig. The feed is simple and easy to feed, has the characteristics of thin bones, small tendons, less meat and is the most meat to eat in daily life. Therefore, to meet the market demand, pig producers have been able to increase the growth rate of pigs and the quality of pork by various means, particularly by adding various feed additives to the feed.
At present, the feed additive has single nutrient component, only pays attention to the growth speed and meat conversion rate of pigs, and cannot meet the requirement of improving the production performance of the breeding pigs, so that the initial weight and the self resistance of piglets are poor during the birth, and the growth and development speed of the piglets is limited to a great extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the production performance of breeding pigs and better promote healthy and rapid growth and development of piglets, the application provides a feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a feed additive, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a feed additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-hydroxy vitamin D3: 0.046-0.054 parts; vitamin E: 17.5-22.5 parts; carotene: 1.325-1.675 parts; yucca extract: 49.5-50.5 parts; chromium methionine: 0.1775-0.2225 parts; selenium yeast: 0.0825-0.1175 parts; iron tartrate: 0.125-0.155 portion; corn starch: 27.975-28.325 parts.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conception rate of the sow can be obviously improved; the utilization rate of nutrient substances of the pregnant sow is improved, the blood circulation in the breast of the pregnant sow is increased, and the synthesis of milk is promoted; the litter weight of the newborn piglets is also improved, the immunity of the newborn piglets is improved, and the death rate of the newborn piglets is reduced; improves the production performance of the breeding pigs, promotes the growth and development speed of piglets, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent growth and development stage.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by mass: 25-hydroxy vitamin D3: 0.05 part; vitamin E: 20 parts of (1); carotene:1.5 parts; yucca extract: 50 parts of a mixture; chromium methionine: 0.2 part; selenium yeast: 0.1 part; iron tartrate: 0.14 part; corn starch: 28.15 parts.
Preferably, the content of saponin in the yucca extract is more than or equal to 12 percent, and B50The value is less than or equal to 4 mg.
By adopting the technical scheme, the yucca extract is prepared by extracting 100% of pure natural yucca plants, no carrier is added, the saponin content is not less than 12%, and the B50 value is not less than 4mg, so that the yucca extract has the advantages of improving the animal production environment, enhancing the number of beneficial intestinal flora of livestock and poultry, improving the absorption of nutrient substances, improving the protein utilization rate, improving the immunity of organisms, reducing the incidence rate of diseases and the like.
In a second aspect, the preparation method of the feed additive provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a feed additive comprises drying corn starch to water content of less than 7wt%, and mixing with other components to obtain the feed additive.
By adopting the technical scheme, the corn starch is dried until the water content is lower than 7wt%, so that the rapid growth of mould in the feed additive is prevented.
In a third aspect, the application of the feed additive provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
an application of feed additive in feeding pig is provided.
Preferably, the pigs comprise sows and piglets of 30-60 days old.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method is beneficial to improving the conception rate of the pregnant sow, improving the survival rate and the birth weight of the newborn piglet and improving various growth and development performances of the weaned piglet, thereby effectively improving the growth and development speed and the health degree of the pig.
Preferably, the feed additive is used in an amount of 0.05-0.15wt% based on the weight of the basal pig feed.
Preferably, the feed additive is used in an amount of 0.1wt% based on the weight of the basal pig feed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the using amount of the feed additive accounts for 0.05-0.15wt% of the weight of the basic pig feed, and the optimal proportion is 0.1wt%, so that the amount of various nutrient substances required by the growth and development of pigs can be met, and the economic cost is reduced.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the scheme can obviously improve the conception rate of the sow; the utilization rate of nutrient substances of the pregnant sow is improved, the blood circulation in the breast of the pregnant sow is increased, and the synthesis of milk is promoted; the litter weight of the newborn piglets is also improved, the immunity of the newborn piglets is improved, and the death rate of the newborn piglets is reduced; improves the production performance of the breeding pigs, promotes the growth and development speed of piglets, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent growth and development stage.
2. The Yucca extract is prepared by extracting 100% pure natural Yucca plant, without any carrier, wherein the saponin content is ≧ 12%, B50The value is less than or equal to 4mg, and the feed additive has the advantages of improving the production environment of animals, enhancing the number of beneficial flora in intestinal tracts of livestock and poultry, improving the absorption of nutrient substances, improving the utilization rate of protein, improving the immunity of organisms, reducing the incidence rate of diseases and the like.
3. The using amount of the feed additive accounts for 0.05-0.15wt% of the weight of the basic pig feed, and the optimal proportion is 0.1wt%, so that the feed additive can meet the amount of various nutrient substances required by the growth and development of pigs, and the economic cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
TABLE 1 sources of raw materials
Raw materials
Manufacturer of the product
25-hydroxy vitamin D3
Limited biological engineering of Shandong sea energyCompany(s)
Vitamin E
Nenter AND Co.,Inc.
Carotene
ZHEJIANG MEDICINE Co.,Ltd.
Yucca extract
International Union of America
Chromium methionine
Henningde Biotech Ltd
Selenium yeast
Sichuan Shangyuan Huisheng Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.
Iron tartrate
Shanghai Fusheng Biotechnology Limited
Corn starch
Wu Dadi corn development Co Ltd
The Yucca extract is prepared from natural Yucca plant, and has no carrier, saponin content greater than 12%, and saponin B50The value is less than or equal to 4 mg.
TABLE 2 ingredient tables (unit: g) for a feed additive as provided in examples 1-5
Composition of
Example 1
Example 2
Example 3
Example 4
Example 5
25-hydroxy vitamin D3
0.046
0.048
0.05
0.052
0.054
Vitamin E
17.5
18.75
20
21.25
22.5
Carotene
1.325
1.4125
1.5
1.5875
1.675
Yucca extract
49.5
49.75
50
50.25
50.5
Chromium methionine
0.1775
0.18875
0.2
0.21125
0.2225
Selenium yeast
0.0825
0.09125
0.1
0.10875
0.1175
Ferrous tartrate
0.125
0.1325
0.14
0.1475
0.155
Corn starch
27.975
28.0625
28.15
28.2375
28.325
The feed additive provided by the embodiment is prepared by adopting the following preparation method.
A preparation method of the feed additive comprises the following steps:
firstly, drying the corn starch until the water content is lower than 7wt%, and then uniformly mixing the dried corn starch with other raw materials to prepare the feed additive.
The feed additive provided by the above embodiment is applied to feeding pigs.
Experiment one
90 Du x long x big ternary hybrid sows are selected, fertilized simultaneously, and randomly divided into 6 groups of control groups and 5 test groups, each group has 5 repetitions, and each repetition has 3 pigs.
Wherein control group 1 was fed basal diet; test group 1 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 1 added to a basal feed; test group 2 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 2 added to basal feed; test group 3 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 3 added to a basal feed; test group 4 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 4 added to a basal feed; test group 5 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 5 added to a basal feed.
Free intake and drinking, the difference between total feed and remaining feed was recorded daily. The test period is 37 days, starting from 7 days just before the pregnant sow gives birth to 30 days after the lactating sow gives birth.
TABLE 3 Effect of the feed additives of examples 1-5 on the reproductive performance of pregnant sows
Item
Control group 1
Test group 1
Test group 2
Test group 3
Test group 4
Test group 5
Number of sows/head
15
15
15
15
15
15
Conception rate/%)
89.23
91.56
91.63
92.33
91.82
91.57
Litter size/head
9.01
11.15
12.36
13.19
13.02
11.65
Weight/kg of newborn litter of piglets
12.13
15.67
16.32
18.04
17.35
15.98
Weight/kg of weaned litter of piglets
42.17
47.94
48.63
50.25
49.28
48.32
Experiment two
240 healthy, 30-day-old, Du x Long x large weaned piglets were randomly divided by body weight into 6 groups of 5 replicates each and 8 pigs each, control and 5 test groups.
Wherein control group 2 was fed basal diet; test group 6 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 1 added to basal feed; test group 7 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 2 added to basal feed; test group 8 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 3 added to basal feed; test group 9 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 4 added to basal feed; test group 10 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 5 added to a basal feed.
Free intake and drinking, the difference between total feed and remaining feed was recorded daily. The test period was 30 days.
TABLE 4 influence of the feed additives of examples 1-5 on various growth performance indicators of weaned piglets
Item
Control group 2
Test group 6
Test group 7
Test group 8
Test group 9
Test group 10
Sample number (head)
40
40
40
40
40
40
Daily feed intake (kg/d) of each pig
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.93
0.94
Daily gain of each pig (kg/d)
0.54
0.59
0.61
0.63
0.63
0.64
Meat ratio of materials
1.59
1.49
1.47
1.46
1.47
1.47
Diarrhea Rate (%)
20.3
14.5
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.7
According to the analysis of the test results in tables 3 and 4, the feed additive provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the reproductive performance of the pregnant sow; and can promote and improve various growth performances of the weaned piglets. The embodiment 3 is the best embodiment.
TABLE 5 ingredient tables (unit: g) of a feed additive provided in comparative examples 1 to 4
Composition of
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 4
25-hydroxy vitamin D3
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Vitamin E
20
20
20
20
Carotene
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Yucca extract
0
50
50
50
Chromium methionine
0.2
0
0.2
0.2
Selenium yeast
0.1
0.1
0
0.1
Ferrous tartrate
0.14
0.14
0.14
0
Corn starch
28.15
28.15
28.15
28.15
Comparative experiment 1
60 Du x Long x big ternary hybrid sows were selected, fertilized simultaneously, and randomly divided into 4 experimental groups of 5 replicates each, with 3 replicates each.
Test group 11 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of comparative example 1 added to basal feed; test group 12 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of comparative example 2 added to basal feed; test group 13 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of comparative example 3 added to basal feed; test group 14 was fed the feed additive of comparative example 4 added to 0.1% of the basal feed;
free intake and drinking, the difference between total feed and remaining feed was recorded daily. The test period is 37 days, starting from 7 days just before the pregnant sow gives birth to 30 days after the lactating sow gives birth.
TABLE 6 Effect of the feed additives of comparative examples 1-4 on the reproductive performance of pregnant sows
Item
Test group 11
Test group 12
Test group 13
Test group 14
Number of sows/head
15
15
15
15
Conception rate/%)
92.16
90.86
90.13
92.26
Litter size/head
10.23
10.66
11.06
13.12
Weight/kg of newborn litter of piglets
12.35
17.32
14.24
17.43
Weight/kg of weaned litter of piglets
43.24
48.38
45.25
49.28
Comparative experiment 2
160 healthy, 30-day-old, Du x Long x large weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 test groups by body weight, each group was replicated 5 times, each 8 pigs were replicated.
Test group 15 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of comparative example 1 added to basal feed; test group 16 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of comparative example 2 added to basal feed; test group 17 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of comparative example 3 added to basal feed; test group 18 was fed the feed additive of comparative example 4 supplemented with 0.1% in basal feed.
Free intake and drinking, the difference between total feed and remaining feed was recorded daily. The test period was 30 days.
TABLE 7 influence of the feed additives of comparative examples 1-4 on various growth performance indicators of weaned piglets
Item
Test group 15
Test group 16
Test group 17
Test group 18
Sample number (head)
40
40
40
40
Daily feed intake (kg/d) of each pig
0.87
0.91
0.88
0.88
Daily gain of each pig (kg/d)
0.58
0.61
0.57
0.58
Meat ratio of materials
1.5
1.48
1.55
1.52
Diarrhea Rate (%)
22.5
13.7
16.8
13.6
By combining the test results in tables 3 and 6, the addition of the feed additive in the embodiment of the application into the basal feed can obviously improve the conception rate of the sow by comparing the control group 1 and the test groups 1-5; the utilization rate of nutrient substances of the pregnant sow is improved, the blood circulation in the breast of the pregnant sow is increased, and the synthesis of milk is promoted; also improves litter weight of the newborn piglets, improves immunity of the newborn piglets and reduces death rate of the newborn piglets. It also demonstrates that the addition of the feed additive of example 3 to the basal feed is most effective.
As can be seen by comparing test group 3 with test groups 11-14, the addition of Yucca extract to the feed additive can significantly improve the survival rate of newborn piglets and litter weight of newborn piglets. The Yucca extract can effectively reduce the ammonia concentration in the intestinal tract of the sow, thereby reducing the destruction rate of epithelial cells of the small intestinal mucosa, reducing the consumption of oxygen when extra energy and amino acid are needed due to the renewal of the intestinal mucosa, further improving the utilization capacity of the oxygen of animals, and powerfully improving the oxygen supply of the uterus by improving the oxygen utilization, thereby ensuring the smooth production, reducing the occurrence of dead fetus and improving the health state of newborn piglets; by adding chromium methionine into the feed additive, the conception rate of sows can be obviously improved, and the number and the survival rate of newborn piglets can be improved. The chromium methionine as amino acid chelated chromium is stable under both acidic and alkaline conditions, can be absorbed by virtue of an amino acid absorption way, and has high absorption and utilization rate, so that the estrus of sows is shortened, and the conception rate, the number of newborn piglets and the survival rate are improved;
the yeast selenium is added into the feed additive, so that the conception rate of sows and the survival rate of newborn piglets can be obviously improved. The selenium yeast is organic selenium with high absorption rate and lower toxicity, and can promote the proliferation of lymphocyte and the synthesis of animal antibody and immunoglobulin to raise immunity.
By combining the test results in tables 4 and 7, it can be known that the addition of the feed additive in the embodiment of the application into the basal feed can effectively improve the daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the weaned piglets and reduce the diarrhea rate by comparing the control group 2 and the test groups 6-10. It also demonstrates that the addition of the feed additive of example 3 to the basal feed is most effective.
As can be seen from comparison of test group 8 and test groups 15-18, the addition of Yucca extract to the basal diet can increase the daily food intake of weaned piglets and reduce the diarrhea rate. The polysaccharide in the yucca extract can provide energy for beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts, promote the quantity of the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tracts and inhibit the massive proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tracts, so that the stability of the microecology in the intestinal tracts can be maintained, and the health of the intestinal tracts can be promoted;
the yeast selenium is added into the feed additive, so that the daily food intake and the feed-meat ratio of the weaned piglets can be improved, and the diarrhea rate is reduced. The yeast selenium can improve the number of lactobacillus in intestinal tracts of piglets, so that the yeast selenium has obvious growth promoting effect on early weaned piglets.
The feed utilization rate of the weaned piglets can be improved by adding the ferrous tartrate into the feed additive. The reason is that the ferrous tartrate can improve the resistance of the piglets, enhance the exercise capacity of the piglets and promote the growth and development of the piglets.
Experiment of feed additive dosage
200 healthy, 30-day-old, Du x Long x large weaned piglets were randomly divided into 5 test groups by body weight, each group was replicated 5 times, each 8 pigs were replicated.
Test group 19 was fed with 0.05% of the feed additive of example 3 added to basal feed; test group 20 was fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.075% of the feed additive of example 3; test group 21 was fed with 0.1% of the feed additive of example 3 added to basal feed; test group 22 was fed with 0.125% of the feed additive of example 3 added to basal feed; test group 23 was fed with 0.15% of the feed additive of example 3 added to a basal feed.
Free intake and drinking, the difference between total feed and remaining feed was recorded daily. The test period was 30 days.
TABLE 8 influence of different amounts of feed additives on various growth performance indexes of piglets
Item
Test group 19
Test group 20
Test group 21
Test group 22
Test group 23
Sample number (head)
40
40
40
40
40
Daily feed intake (kg/d) of each pig
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
Daily gain of each pig (kg/d)
0.6
0.62
0.63
0.63
0.64
Meat ratio of materials
1.48
1.47
1.46
1.47
1.48
Diarrhea Rate (%)
13.5
13.6
13.7
13.2
12.6
Trace element content in excrement and urine (‰)
13.4
14.5
15.6
16.3
17.2
The results of the experimental data in table 8 show that the addition of 0.1% of the feed additive in the present example to the basal feed is better for the growth performance of piglets. When the content of the feed additive is low, the intake of the trace elements is lower than that of the trace elements required by the growth of the piglets; when the content of the feed additive is high, the utilization rate of the trace elements is reduced.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
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