阅读说明：本技术 一种高精度经颅电刺激装置 (High-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device ) 是由 梅百群 于 2021-01-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种高精度经颅电刺激装置,经颅电刺激装置包括刺激控制单元、通道预检单元和输出电极靶形聚焦单元；刺激控制单元包括依次电性连接的第一人机交互端、第一微处理器、第一恒流源以及电流输出端；第一微处理器和电流输出端之间还连接有输出电流检测模块以及接触质量检测模块；通道预检单元包括依次电性连接的第二人机交互端、第二微处理器、第二恒流源、通道切换模块以及负载接口；通道切换模块与第二微处理器之间还连接有通道质量检测模块；第一微处理器和第二微处理器电性连接,电流输出端与通道切换模块电性连接；负载端口还电性连接至输出电极靶形聚焦单元；具有预扫描,保证接触质量以及提高经颅电空间聚焦性的优点。(The invention provides a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device, which comprises a stimulation control unit, a channel pre-detection unit and an output electrode target-shaped focusing unit, wherein the stimulation control unit is used for controlling the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit; the stimulation control unit comprises a first human-computer interaction end, a first microprocessor, a first constant current source and a current output end which are electrically connected in sequence; an output current detection module and a contact quality detection module are also connected between the first microprocessor and the current output end; the channel pre-detection unit comprises a second man-machine interaction end, a second microprocessor, a second constant current source, a channel switching module and a load interface which are electrically connected in sequence; a channel quality detection module is also connected between the channel switching module and the second microprocessor; the first microprocessor is electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and the current output end is electrically connected with the channel switching module; the load port is also electrically connected to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit; has the advantages of pre-scanning, contact quality guarantee and transcranial electric space focusing improvement.)

1. A high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device is characterized by comprising a stimulation control unit, a channel pre-detection unit and an output electrode target-shaped focusing unit; the stimulation control unit comprises a first human-computer interaction end, a first microprocessor, a first constant current source and a current output end which are electrically connected in sequence; an output current detection module and a contact quality detection module are also connected between the first microprocessor and the current output end; the channel pre-detection unit comprises a second man-machine interaction end, a second microprocessor, a second constant current source, a channel switching module and a load interface which are electrically connected in sequence; a channel quality detection module is also connected between the channel switching module and the second microprocessor; the first microprocessor is electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and the current output end is electrically connected with the channel switching module; the load port is also electrically connected to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit; the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit comprises an electrode cap, an electrode holder arranged on the electrode cap, four auxiliary electrodes arranged on the electrode holder and a central electrode, wherein the auxiliary electrodes and the central electrode are anodes or cathodes with opposite polarities; four of the auxiliary electrodes are arranged around the central electrode.

2. The high precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the first human-computer interaction end and the second human-computer interaction end both comprise a display module and an input module.

3. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the first constant current source comprises a 36V power supply, an operational amplifier and a triode, and is used for converting an input signal of the first microprocessor into a current with a corresponding magnitude and sending the current to the current output end as a stimulation current of the load port, so that the output current is kept constant between 0 and 15k Ω of a load resistor of the load port.

4. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the contact quality detection module comprises a differential amplification module, two 1M Ω resistors and a 200k Ω potentiometer, and the differential amplification module is connected in parallel with the current output end through the two 1M Ω resistors and the 200k Ω potentiometer so as to acquire the voltage values at two ends of the load port in real time.

5. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the output current detection module comprises a current detection amplifier, a 20 Ω resistor and a 20k Ω resistor, the 20 Ω resistor and the 20k Ω resistor are both 0.1% in precision, the current detection amplifier is connected in series with an output loop through the 20 Ω resistor, the output gain is adjusted to 60dB through the 20k Ω resistor, and then an output signal is sent to the first microprocessor so as to collect the current value of the current output end in real time.

6. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 3, wherein the second constant current source comprises a 5V power supply, an adjustable resistor, an operational amplifier and a triode, the input voltage of the operational amplifier is adjusted through the adjustable resistor, so that an output scanning current is configured and sent to the channel switching module to serve as the scanning current of the channel quality detection module.

7. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 6, wherein the channel switching module comprises seven electromagnetic relays, and control ends of the seven electromagnetic relays are connected to the second microprocessor;

one of the input relays is an input relay, the other one of the input relays is an output relay and five connecting relays, wherein the input relay is used for receiving stimulating current from a current output end or receiving scanning current from a second constant current source and inputting the stimulating current or the scanning current into the four connecting relays;

the four connecting relays input stimulating current to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through the load ports, and the return current of the electrode target-shaped focusing unit flows back to the current output end through the load ports, the other connecting relay and the output relay;

the four connecting relays input scanning current to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through the load ports, and return current of the electrode target-shaped focusing unit flows back to the second constant current source through the load ports, the other connecting relay and the output relay.

8. The high precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 7, wherein the load port comprises five channels, four of which are anode or cathode channels, and the other of which is a channel of opposite polarity.

9. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 1, wherein the channel quality detection module comprises a differential amplification module, two 1M Ω resistors and a 100k Ω potentiometer, and the differential amplification module is connected in parallel with two ends of the channel switching module through the two 1M Ω resistors and the 100k Ω potentiometer so as to acquire voltage values at two ends of the load port in real time.

10. The high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device according to claim 8, wherein the central electrode or the auxiliary electrode is an Ag/AgCl electrode with a diameter of 12 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device.

Background

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, and achieves the purpose of regulating cerebral cortical neural activity by applying constant and low-intensity Current to specific intracranial brain regions through electrodes placed on the surface of the skull. tDCS has different therapeutic effects on neurological and mental diseases such as cerebral apoplexy, cognitive disorder, aphasia, senile dementia and the like.

The traditional transcranial electrical stimulation device adopts a one-yin one-yang stimulation mode, current is dispersed in a larger computer area, even in the whole brain area, the space focusing performance is poor, and meanwhile, an effective detection means is lacked before stimulation work, so that the working efficiency of the stimulation device is low; in order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device, which adopts a central electrode and auxiliary electrodes, wherein one central electrode is matched with a plurality of auxiliary electrodes to form a group, the auxiliary electrodes are arranged around the central electrode, and a plurality of groups of simultaneous stimulation can be configured; meanwhile, if the contact quality of each channel is scanned in advance before formal stimulation is started, the contact quality is adjusted in time to reach the optimal state, and the phenomenon of ineffective stimulation can be effectively prevented.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

a high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device comprises a stimulation control unit, a channel pre-detection unit and an output electrode target-shaped focusing unit; the stimulation control unit comprises a first human-computer interaction end, a first microprocessor, a first constant current source and a current output end which are electrically connected in sequence; an output current detection module and a contact quality detection module are also connected between the first microprocessor and the current output end; the channel pre-detection unit comprises a second man-machine interaction end, a second microprocessor, a second constant current source, a channel switching module and a load interface which are electrically connected in sequence; a channel quality detection module is also connected between the channel switching module and the second microprocessor; the first microprocessor is electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and the current output end is electrically connected with the channel switching module; the load port is also electrically connected to the output electrode target focusing unit.

Preferably, the first human-computer interaction end and the second human-computer interaction end both comprise a display module and an input module.

Preferably, the first constant current source comprises a 36V power supply, an operational amplifier and a triode, and is used for converting an input signal of the first microprocessor into a current with a corresponding magnitude and sending the current to the current output end as a stimulation current of the load port, so as to ensure that the output current is kept constant between 0 and 15k Ω of a load resistor of the load port.

Preferably, the contact quality detection module includes a differential amplification module, two 1M Ω resistors, and a 200k Ω potentiometer, and the differential amplification module is connected in parallel to the current output end through the two 1M Ω resistors and the 200k Ω potentiometer, so as to acquire the voltage values at the two ends of the load port in real time.

Preferably, the output current detection module comprises a current detection amplifier, a 20 Ω resistor and a 20k Ω resistor, the 20 Ω resistor and the 20k Ω resistor both have 0.1% precision, the current detection amplifier is connected in series with the output loop through the 20 Ω resistor, the output gain is adjusted to 60dB through the 20k Ω resistor, and then the output signal is sent to the first microprocessor so as to acquire the current value of the current output end in real time.

Preferably, the second constant current source includes a 5V power supply, an adjustable resistor, an operational amplifier, and a triode, and adjusts the input voltage of the operational amplifier through the adjustable resistor, so as to configure and output a scanning current, and send the scanning current to the channel switching module as the scanning current of the channel quality detection module.

Preferably, the channel switching module comprises seven electromagnetic relays, and control ends of the seven electromagnetic relays are connected to the second microprocessor; one of the input relays is an input relay, the other one of the input relays is an output relay and five connecting relays, wherein the input relay is used for receiving stimulating current from a current output end or receiving scanning current from a second constant current source and inputting the stimulating current or the scanning current into the four connecting relays; the four connecting relays input stimulating current to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through the load ports, and the return current of the electrode target-shaped focusing unit flows back to the current output end through the load ports, the other connecting relay and the output relay; the four connecting relays input scanning current to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through the load ports, and return current of the electrode target-shaped focusing unit flows back to the second constant current source through the load ports, the other connecting relay and the output relay.

Preferably, the load port comprises five channels, four of which are anode or cathode channels and the other of which is a channel of opposite polarity.

Preferably, the channel quality detection module includes a differential amplification module, two 1M Ω resistors, and a 100k Ω potentiometer, and the differential amplification module is connected in parallel to two ends of the channel switching module through the two 1M Ω resistors and the 100k Ω potentiometer so as to acquire voltage values at two ends of the load port in real time.

Preferably, the output electrode target focusing unit comprises an electrode cap, an electrode holder arranged on the electrode cap, four auxiliary electrodes and a central electrode, wherein the four auxiliary electrodes and the central electrode are arranged on the electrode holder, and the auxiliary electrodes and the central electrode are anodes or cathodes with opposite polarities; the four auxiliary electrodes are arranged around the central electrode in a surrounding mode, and the central electrode or the auxiliary electrodes are Ag/AgCl electrodes with the diameter of 12 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device can be switched between a stimulation module and a scanning mode, the stimulation mode adopts the central electrode and the auxiliary electrodes, one central electrode is matched with a plurality of auxiliary electrodes to form a group, the auxiliary electrodes are arranged around the central electrode, a plurality of groups of simultaneous stimulation can be configured, and the configuration improves the space focusing property of transcranial electrical stimulation, so that the precision, the stimulation effect and the duration time of the after effect are improved; and in the scanning mode, before formal stimulation is started, the contact quality of each channel is scanned in advance, and the contact quality is adjusted in time to reach the optimal state, so that the phenomenon of ineffective stimulation can be effectively prevented.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the finishing structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a channel switching module;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output electrode target focusing unit.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the high-precision transcranial electrical stimulation device comprises a stimulation control unit, a channel pre-detection unit and an output electrode target-shaped focusing unit; the stimulation control unit comprises a first human-computer interaction end, a first microprocessor, a first constant current source and a current output end which are electrically connected in sequence; an output current detection module and a contact quality detection module are also connected between the first microprocessor and the current output end; the channel pre-detection unit comprises a second man-machine interaction end, a second microprocessor, a second constant current source, a channel switching module and a load interface which are electrically connected in sequence; a channel quality detection module is also connected between the channel switching module and the second microprocessor; the first microprocessor is electrically connected with the second microprocessor, and the current output end is electrically connected with the channel switching module; the load port is also electrically connected to the output electrode target focusing unit.

The first human-computer interaction end and the second human-computer interaction end both comprise a display module and an input module, wherein the display module consists of two four-digit common-cathode nixie tubes, one two-digit common-cathode nixie tube and one ten-segment nixie tube and is respectively used for displaying actual output current, frequency, time and stimulation contact quality; the input module can be composed of a rotary switch, an encoder, a start key and an end key. The user selects corresponding settings according to the stimulation scheme, and the module generates corresponding signals for the first microprocessor and the second microprocessor to read after the settings are completed.

Stimulation mode:

after receiving a trigger signal from a first human-computer interaction end, a first microprocessor judges the state of a channel pre-detection unit according to a second microprocessor, ignores the trigger signal if the channel pre-detection unit is in a channel quality pre-detection mode, generates a corresponding waveform according to the trigger signal and outputs the waveform to a first constant current source if the channel pre-detection unit is in a stimulation mode waiting mode, and the first constant current source inputs a stimulation current to an output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through a channel switching module and a load port; the first microprocessor reads the input signals of the output current detection module and the contact quality detection module at regular time after outputting the waveforms, and the input signals are sent to the display module after being converted by the ADC for real-time display.

The first constant current source module is responsible for converting an input signal into a current with a corresponding magnitude and sending the current to the current output end, and specifically, the first constant current source comprises a 36V power supply, an operational amplifier and a triode, and is used for converting the input signal of the first microprocessor into a current with a corresponding magnitude and sending the current to the current output end as a stimulation current of the load port, so that the output current is kept constant between 0 and 15k omega of a load resistor of the load port.

The current output end is responsible for connecting the constant current of the first constant current source into the channel switching module of the channel pre-detection unit through the flat cable.

The contact quality detection module comprises a differential amplification module (AD8479), two 1M omega resistors and a 200k omega potentiometer, wherein the differential amplification module is connected in parallel with the current output end through the two 1M omega resistors and the 200k omega potentiometer so as to acquire voltage values at two ends of the load port in real time.

The output current detection module comprises a current detection amplifier (LT6102), a 20 omega resistor and a 20k omega resistor, the 20 omega resistor and the 20k omega resistor both have 0.1% precision, the current detection amplifier is connected in series with the output loop through the 20 omega resistor and is matched with the 20k omega resistor to adjust the output gain, thereby acquiring the current value of the current output end in real time; the current is sampled by a 20 omega resistor, the 20K omega resistor amplifies the signal by 1000 times (the gain is 60dB), if the current is 1mA, the module outputs 1V voltage, if the current is 2mA, the output voltage is 2V, and the module transmits the output signal to a first microprocessor to obtain a timing current value through ADC conversion.

The first microprocessor can obtain the impedance (output electrode target focusing unit) at the load port according to the voltage value and the current value, and sends the impedance to the display module for real-time display.

Scanning mode:

the second microprocessor starts triggering signals when receiving the second man-machine interaction end, is in a channel quality scanning mode at the beginning of power-on, can switch between a stimulation mode and a scanning mode through the channel pre-detection unit, and sends state signals to the first microprocessor through a signal line to inform the first microprocessor of current output at the moment if the second microprocessor is in the stimulation mode, and sends the channel quality signals to the display module for displaying.

The second constant current source comprises a 5V power supply, an adjustable resistor, an operational amplifier (OPA735) and a triode (BC546), the input voltage of the operational amplifier is adjusted through the adjustable resistor, so that the scanning current is configured, and the current is sent to the channel switching module (the fixed constant current is 100uA) to be used as the scanning current of the channel quality detection module.

The channel quality detection module comprises a differential amplification module (AD8479), two 1M omega resistors and a 100k omega potentiometer, the differential amplification module is connected between the second constant current source and the channel switching module in parallel through the two 1M omega resistors and the 100k omega potentiometer, signals are input into the second microprocessor, the second microprocessor combines 100uA scanning current after ADC conversion of the signals to obtain channel impedance, and then the channel impedance is converted into a display coefficient to be sent to the display module for display.

Switching of stimulation mode/scanning mode:

as shown in fig. 2, the channel switching module includes seven electromagnetic relays, and control ends of the seven electromagnetic relays are connected to the second microprocessor, and are regulated and controlled by the second microprocessor; one of the input relays is an input relay, the other one of the input relays is an output relay and five connecting relays, wherein the input relay is used for receiving the stimulating current from the current output end or receiving the scanning current from the second constant current source and inputting the stimulating current or the scanning current into the four connecting relays;

the four connecting relays input the stimulating current to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through the load ports, and the return current of the electrode target-shaped focusing unit flows back to the current output end through the load ports, the other connecting relay and the output relay;

the four connecting relays input scanning current to the output electrode target-shaped focusing unit through the load ports, and backflow current of the electrode target-shaped focusing unit flows back to the second constant current source through the load ports, the other connecting relay and the output relay.

The load port corresponding to the connecting relay comprises five channels, wherein four channels are anode or cathode channels (exciting channels), the other channel is a channel with opposite polarity (return channel), if the load port is in a scanning mode, the exciting channels 1-4 are opened in a single cycle, the return channel is normally opened, when the load port is circulated to the channel five, the five channels are all opened, and if the load port is in a stimulating mode, the five channels are all opened; the impedance scanned at this time is the parallel impedance of the four channels.

The channel quality range is 0-19.9, the value and the impedance satisfy the linear corresponding relation y-kx, (k-1/5) if the channel quality is 2, the corresponding contact channel impedance is 10k omega, and the user can adjust the connection condition of each channel through the value, ensure that the quality of the channel 5 is displayed below 3, and ensure that the current of the module A can be effectively output. Meanwhile, if "1" (numerical value indication set artificially) is displayed, it indicates an open circuit.

As shown in fig. 3, the output electrode high-precision target focusing unit is composed of 4 auxiliary electrodes and 1 central electrode (the central electrode can select a cathode or an anode, the polarity of the auxiliary electrode is opposite to that of the central electrode) matched with an EEG10-10 electroencephalogram cap and an electrode holder, the 4 auxiliary electrodes are arranged around the central electrode, namely four points closest to the central electrode (or spaced by one) are selected, the arrangement method of the electrodes can generate a radial electric field in the area surrounded by the electrodes, the peak electric field is positioned below the central electrode, electroencephalogram current distribution is effectively limited in a cortex surrounded by the auxiliary electrodes, stimulation precision is increased, compared with the traditional tDCS, the arrangement method can generate more local brain stimulation, and the aftereffect time is longer. And simultaneously completes the treatment of exciting and inhibiting the brain functional area under the central electrode by matching with the polarity switching of the load port. The high-precision electrode adopts an Ag/AgCl electrode, has the diameter of 12mm, and is high in anti-interference performance, difficult to polarize, high in precision and low in noise.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.