Surrounding structure of enclosure part

文档序号：54307 发布日期：2021-09-28 浏览：39次中文

阅读说明：本技术 围护部件周边结构 (Surrounding structure of enclosure part ) 是由保罗·提拉曼尼加利亚诺·提拉曼尼凯尔·登曼于 2020-02-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于建筑结构的围护构件,包括平面叠层材料,所述平面叠层材料包括：第一饰面层；具有第一面和第二相对面的泡沫层；和第二饰面层；其中第一饰面层固定到泡沫层的第一面,并且第二饰面层固定到泡沫层的第二相对面。根据特定实施例,围护构件的边缘设置有周边结构,所述周边结构能够执行密封功能、边缘加固功能以及与另一围护构件的可枢转连接功能中的一种或多种。(A building envelope for a building structure comprising a planar laminate material, the planar laminate material comprising: a first facing layer; a foam layer having a first side and a second opposing side; and a second facing layer; wherein the first facing layer is secured to a first side of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to a second, opposite side of the foam layer. According to a particular embodiment, the edge of the enclosure member is provided with a perimeter structure capable of performing one or more of a sealing function, an edge reinforcement function and a pivotable connection function with another enclosure member.)

1. A reinforced enclosure member for a building structure comprising:

(a) a planar laminate material having substantially straight edges, comprising: a first facing layer; a foam layer having a first side and a second opposing side; and a second facing layer; the first facing layer is secured to a first side of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to a second, opposite side of the foam layer;

(b) a reinforced end cap, comprising:

(1) a first elongate flange surface connected to an elongate web surface at a first connection and a second elongate flange surface connected to the elongate web surface at a second connection, the first elongate flange surface and the second elongate flange surface being spaced apart by a distance, the web surface, the first elongate flange surface, and the second elongate flange surface generally forming a C-channel shape;

(2) an elongated cavity wall connected to each of the first and second elongated flange surfaces, the elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the elongated web surface and spanning the distance separating the first and second elongated flange surfaces to define a reinforcement channel; and

(3) a filler reinforcement positioned within the reinforcement channel; and

(c) the reinforcing end cap is secured to the substantially straight edge of the planar laminate material, wherein a distance between the first elongated flange surface and the second elongated flange surface is adapted to receive at least the substantially straight edge of the foam layer therebetween.

2. The reinforced enclosure member of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second facing layers is selected from the group consisting of: (a) a structural layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels, (b) a metal sheet layer, and (c) a combination of a protective layer and a metal sheet layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels.

3. The reinforced enclosure of claim 1 wherein the filler reinforcement comprises a dry slurry of magnesium oxide sheets and epoxy adhesive.

4. A building envelope for a building structure comprising:

a planar laminate material having substantially straight edges, comprising: a first facing layer; a foam layer having a first side and a second opposing side; and a second facing layer; the first facing layer is secured to a first side of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to a second, opposite side of the foam layer;

an abutting end cap comprising:

a first elongate flange surface, an elongate web surface, and a second elongate flange surface, the first elongate flange surface and the second elongate flange surface being spaced apart by a distance; the elongate web surface, the first elongate flange surface, and the second elongate flange surface generally form a C-channel shape;

a first angled fastener bracket connected to a first edge of the first elongated flange surface and the elongated web surface at a first point; and a second angled fastener bracket connected to a second edge of the second elongate flange surface and the elongate web surface at a second point;

the abutting end cap is secured to a substantially straight edge of the planar laminate material, and a distance between the first elongated flange surface and the second elongated flange surface is adapted to receive at least the substantially straight edge of the foam layer therebetween.

5. The enclosure of claim 4 wherein the first elongate flange surface is angled inwardly proximate the first point and the second elongate flange surface is angled inwardly proximate the second point.

6. The enclosure member of claim 4, further comprising an extended cavity wall connected to each of the first and second extended flange surfaces, the extended cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the extended web surface and spanning a distance separating the first and second extended flange surfaces to define a reinforcement channel.

7. The enclosure member of claim 4, wherein each of the first finish layer and the second finish layer is selected from the group consisting of: (a) a structural layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels, (b) a metal sheet layer, and (c) a combination of a protective layer and a metal sheet layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels.

8. A foldable enclosure member for a building structure, comprising:

(a) a first planar laminate material having a first substantially straight edge;

(b) a second planar laminate material having a second substantially straight edge;

each of the first and second planar stack materials comprises: a first facing layer; a foam layer having a first side and a second opposing side; and a second facing layer; the first facing layer is secured to a first side of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to a second, opposite side of the foam layer;

(1) a first perimeter section comprising a first elongated flange surface connected to a first elongated web surface at a first connection and a second elongated flange surface connected to the first elongated web surface at a second connection, the first and second elongated flange surfaces being spaced apart a first distance, the first elongated web surface, the first elongated flange surface, and the second elongated flange surface generally forming a C-channel shape;

(2) a second peripheral section including a third elongate flange surface connected to the second elongate web surface at a third connection and a fourth elongate flange surface connected to the second elongate web surface at a fourth connection, the third elongate flange surface and the fourth elongate flange surface being spaced apart a second distance, the second elongate web surface, the third elongate flange surface, and the fourth elongate flange surface generally forming a C-channel shape;

(3) the first perimeter section is secured to the first substantially straight edge of the first planar laminate material, wherein the first distance separating the first elongated flange surface and the second elongated flange surface is adapted to receive at least the substantially straight edge of the foam layer of the first planar laminate material therebetween;

(4) the second peripheral section is secured to the second substantially linear edge of the second planar lamination material, wherein the second distance separating the third and fourth elongated flange surfaces is adapted to receive at least the substantially linear edge of the foam layer of the second planar lamination material therebetween;

(d) the first peripheral section having a first series of hinge knuckles proximate the first connection and a second series of hinge knuckles proximate the second connection;

(e) the second peripheral section has a third series of hinge knuckles proximate the third connection and a fourth series of hinge knuckles proximate the fourth connection;

(f) the first series of hinge knuckles intermesh with the third series of hinge knuckles;

(g) a first cylindrical bar received in and connecting the first and third series of intermeshing hinge joints to form a pivotable connection between the first and second peripheral sections from a folded position in which the first elongate web surface is angled toward the second elongate web surface to an unfolded position in which the first elongate web surface is in flush contact with the second elongate web surface;

(h) the second series of hinge knuckles are adapted to intermesh with the fourth series of hinge knuckles when the pivotable connection is in the deployed position;

(i) a second cylindrical rod; and

(j) when interengaged, the second and fourth series of hinge knuckles are adapted to receive the second cylindrical bar to form a rigid I-beam structure between the first and second peripheral sections, the rigid I-beam structure including the first and second peripheral sections.

9. The foldable enclosure member of claim 8, wherein the first perimeter section further comprises a first elongated cavity wall connected to each of the first and second elongated flange surfaces, the first elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the first elongated web surface and spanning the first distance separating the first and second elongated flange surfaces to define a first reinforcement channel.

10. The foldable enclosure member of claim 9, wherein the second perimeter section further comprises a second elongated cavity wall connected to each of the second and fourth elongated flange surfaces, the second elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the second elongated web surface and spanning the second distance separating the second and fourth elongated flange surfaces to define a second reinforcement channel.

11. The foldable enclosure member of claim 8, wherein each of the first and second planar lamination materials has a first finish layer and a second finish layer, each of the first and second finish layers selected from: (a) a structural layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels, (b) a metal sheet layer, and (c) a combination of a protective layer and a metal sheet layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels.

12. A foldable enclosure member for a building structure, comprising:

(a) a first planar laminate material having a first substantially straight edge;

(b) a second planar laminate material having a second substantially straight edge;

(1) a first peripheral section comprising a first elongate web surface having a first elongate edge region and a second elongate edge region, the first peripheral section being secured to the first substantially linear edge of the first planar laminate material and having a first series of hinge knuckles proximate the first elongate edge region and a second series of hinge knuckles proximate the second elongate edge region;

(2) a second peripheral section comprising a second elongate web surface having a third elongate edge region and a fourth elongate edge region, the second peripheral section being secured to the second substantially linear edge of the second planar lamination material and having a third series of hinge joints proximate the third elongate edge region and a fourth series of hinge joints proximate the fourth elongate edge region;

(d) the first series of hinge knuckles intermesh with the third series of hinge knuckles;

(e) a first rod received in and connecting the first and third series of intermeshing hinge joints to form a pivotable connection between the first and second peripheral sections from a folded position in which the first elongate web surface is angled toward the second elongate web surface to an unfolded position in which the first elongate web surface is in flush contact with the second elongate web surface;

(f) the second series of hinge knuckles are adapted to intermesh with the fourth series of hinge knuckles when the pivotable connection is in the deployed position;

(g) a second bar; and

(h) when interengaged, the second and fourth series of hinge knuckles are adapted to receive the second rod to form a rigid structure between the first and second peripheral sections, the rigid structure including the first and second peripheral sections.

13. The foldable enclosure member of claim 12, wherein each of the first and second planar lamination materials has a first finish layer and a second finish layer, each of the first and second finish layers being selected from the group consisting of: (a) a structural layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels, (b) a metal sheet layer, and (c) a combination of a protective layer and a metal sheet layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels.

14. A foldable enclosure member for a building structure, comprising:

(a) a first planar laminate material having a first substantially straight edge;

(b) a second planar laminate material having a second substantially straight edge;

(d) the first peripheral section having a first series of hinge knuckles proximate the first connection and a second series of hinge knuckles proximate the second connection;

(e) the second peripheral section has a third series of hinge knuckles proximate the third connection and a fourth series of hinge knuckles proximate the fourth connection;

(f) the first series of hinge joints paired in abutting relationship with the third series of hinge joints to define a plurality of gaps, each gap defined by a space between each adjacent abutting pair of the first series of hinge joints and the third series of hinge joints;

(g) a plurality of spaced apart connectors, each spaced apart connector having two spaced apart holes, each spaced apart connector of the plurality of spaced apart connectors positioned in a respective gap of the plurality of gaps;

(h) a first cylindrical rod received in the first series of hinge knuckles and a first one of the two spaced apart holes of each of the plurality of spaced apart connectors to connect the first series of hinge knuckles and the plurality of spaced apart connectors;

(i) a second cylindrical rod received in the third series of hinge joints and a second of the two spaced apart holes of each of the plurality of spaced apart connectors to connect the third series of hinge joints and the plurality of spaced apart connectors to form a pivotable connection between the first peripheral section and the second peripheral section that is pivotable from a folded position in which the first elongate web surface is coplanar with the second elongate web surface to an unfolded position in which the first elongate web surface is in flush contact with the second elongate web surface;

(j) the second series of hinge knuckles are configured to intermesh with the fourth series of hinge knuckles when the pivotable connection is in the deployed position;

(k) a third cylindrical rod; and

(l) When interengaged, the second and fourth series of hinge knuckles are adapted to receive the third cylindrical bar to form a rigid I-beam structure between the first and second peripheral sections, the rigid I-beam structure including the first and second peripheral sections.

15. The foldable enclosure member of claim 14, wherein the first perimeter section further comprises a first elongated cavity wall connected to each of the first and second elongated flange surfaces, the first elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the first elongated web surface and spanning the first distance separating the first and second elongated flange surfaces to define a first reinforcement channel.

16. The foldable enclosure member of claim 15, wherein the second perimeter section further comprises a second elongated cavity wall connected to each of the second and fourth elongated flange surfaces, the second elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the second elongated web surface and spanning the second distance separating the second and fourth elongated flange surfaces to define a second reinforcement channel.

17. The foldable enclosure member of claim 14, wherein each of the first and second planar lamination materials has a first finish layer and a second finish layer, each of the first and second finish layers selected from: (a) a structural layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels, (b) a metal sheet layer, and (c) a combination of a protective layer and a metal sheet layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels.

18. A foldable enclosure member for a building structure, comprising:

(a) a first planar laminate material having a first substantially straight edge;

(b) a second planar laminate material having a second substantially straight edge;

each of the first and second planar lamination materials comprises a first facing layer; a foam layer having a first side and a second opposing side; and a second facing layer; the first facing layer is secured to a first side of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to a second, opposite side of the foam layer;

(d) the first perimeter section having a first series of hinge knuckles proximate the first connection and a first elongated tongue and groove seal proximate the second connection;

(e) the second peripheral section having a third series of hinge knuckles proximate the third connection and a second elongated tongue and groove seal proximate the fourth connection;

(f) the first series of hinge knuckles intermesh with the third series of hinge knuckles;

(h) the first elongated tongue and groove seal is configured to intermesh with the second elongated tongue and groove seal when the pivotable connection is in the deployed position.

19. The foldable enclosure member of claim 18, wherein the first perimeter section further comprises a first elongated cavity wall connected to each of the first and second elongated flange surfaces, the first elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the first elongated web surface and spanning the first distance separating the first and second elongated flange surfaces to define a first reinforcement channel.

20. The foldable enclosure member of claim 19, wherein the second perimeter section further comprises a second elongated cavity wall connected to each of the second and fourth elongated flange surfaces, the second elongated cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the second elongated web surface and spanning the second distance separating the second and fourth elongated flange surfaces to define a second reinforcement channel.

21. The foldable enclosure member of claim 18, wherein each of the first and second planar lamination materials has a first finish layer and a second finish layer, each of the first and second finish layers being selected from the group consisting of: (a) a structural layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels, (b) a metal sheet layer, and (c) a combination of a protective layer and a metal sheet layer comprising a plurality of inorganic oxide structural panels.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to structures such as homes and other buildings for residential occupancy, commercial occupancy, and/or material storage, and components for such structures.

Description of the Related Art

In the residential field, a conventional residential construction technology is called a "stick-building" construction, in which a builder uses raw materials such as wood, plywood, and steel wood columns for a major part to construct a house at a desired location. These materials are assembled piece by piece on a previously prepared ground portion (such as a poured concrete slab or a poured concrete or clinker foundation).

Various efforts have been made to get rid of the conventional construction techniques for constructing residential and commercial spaces, etc. An alternative to the component building is commonly referred to as a modular house. In contrast to the construction of a modular building on site, the modular house is built at the factory and then shipped to the site, typically by tractor-trailer. A disadvantage of modular houses is that the potential purchaser can only customize the structural layout to a relatively limited extent. That is, while certain features (e.g., toilets) may be added or subtracted from a room, the general shape and layout of the room does not change or adapt to the customer's preferences.

In addition, the size of modular houses often exceeds the normally allowed legal limits for road transport. For example, in the united states, the maximum allowable dimensions for road transport are typically 102 inches (259.1 cm) wide, 13.5 feet (4.11 meters) high, and 65 to 75 feet (19.81 to 22.86 meters) long. Thus, in many cases, transporting modular homes from the factory to the field requires oversized load permits, which may limit the time that transportation can take place and the routes that can be used. Road codes on oversized roads may also require the use of delivery trucks and trailers. All of these requirements and limitations inevitably add to the cost of the modular housing.

U.S. patent nos. 8,474,194, 8,733,029 and U.S. patent publication No. 2019/0100908 describe significant advances in building residential and commercial spaces. In one aspect, these patent documents relate to manufacturing wall, floor and ceiling components in a factory and folding them together into a compact shipping module, which is then transported to a desired location and unfolded to form a structure, wherein folding and unfolding of the components can be facilitated through the use of hinges.

Background

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention relates to a containment component perimeter structure including a hinge structure that can remain in place after delivery, thereby reducing field installation costs. In addition, the hinge structures and other enclosure perimeter structures described herein may be used as structural load bearing members and also to help with the weather resistance of the enclosures to which they are secured. The present invention helps provide enclosures and portions of enclosures that can be compactly packaged for easy shipment from the factory to the construction site, and that can be connected to each other in a manner that allows for field-level rapid deployment with factory-level tolerances and repeatability.

In one aspect, the present invention relates to a reinforced enclosure member for a building structure, comprising: a planar laminate material having substantially straight edges, the planar laminate material comprising a first facing layer, a foam layer having a first face and a second opposing face, and a second facing layer, wherein the first facing layer is secured to the first face of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to the second opposing face of the foam layer; and a reinforced end cap including a first elongated flange surface connected to the elongated web surface at a first connection, and a second elongated flange surface connected to the elongated web surface at a second connection, the first elongated flange surface and the second elongated flange surface being spaced apart by a distance, the web surface, the first elongated flange surface, and the second elongated flange surface generally forming a C-channel shape. Providing an extended cavity wall connected to each of the first and second extended flange surfaces, the extended cavity wall being spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the extended web surface and spanning a distance separating the first and second extended flange surfaces to define a reinforcement channel; and a filler reinforcement positioned within the reinforcement channel. The reinforcing end cap is secured to the substantially linear edge of the planar laminate material with the first elongated flange surface and the second elongated flange surface being spaced apart by a distance suitable to receive at least the substantially linear edge of the foam layer therebetween.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a foldable enclosure for a building structure comprising a first planar laminate material having a first substantially linear edge and a second planar laminate material having a second substantially linear edge, wherein each of the first planar laminate material and the second planar laminate material comprises a first facing layer, a foam layer having a first face and a second opposing face, and a second facing layer, wherein the first facing layer is secured to the first face of the foam layer and the second facing layer is secured to the second opposing face of the foam layer. The foldable enclosure further comprises: a first peripheral section comprising a first elongate web surface having a first elongate edge region and a second elongate edge region; and a second peripheral section comprising a third extended edge region and a fourth extended edge region. A first peripheral section secured to the substantially linear edge of the first planar lamination material and a second peripheral section secured to the substantially linear edge of the second planar lamination material; the first peripheral section having a first series of hinge knuckles adjacent the first elongated edge region and a second series of hinge knuckles adjacent the second elongated edge region; the second peripheral section has a third series of hinge knuckles proximate the third elongated edge region and a fourth series of hinge knuckles proximate the fourth elongated edge region, respectively. The first and third series of hinge joints are intermeshed, and a first rod is received in and connects the intermeshed first and third series of hinge joints to form a pivotable connection between the first and second peripheral sections that is pivotable from a folded position in which the first elongate web surface is angled toward the second elongate web surface to an unfolded position in which the first elongate web surface is in flush contact with the second elongate web surface. The second series of hinge knuckles are adapted to intermesh with the fourth series of hinge knuckles when the pivotable connection is in the deployed position. The foldable enclosure further includes a second bar, the second and fourth series of hinge knuckles adapted to receive the second bar when engaged with each other to form a rigid i-beam structure between the first and second perimeter sections, the rigid i-beam structure including the first and second perimeter sections.

These and other aspects of the invention are described in the drawings and in the description of the preferred embodiments and claims set forth below.

Drawings

Fig. 1A and 1B are perspective views of a finished structure made according to the present invention.

Fig. 2A and 2B are top views of finished structures made according to the present invention.

Fig. 3A and 3B are end views of a shipping module from which the finished structure shown in fig. 1A and 1B, respectively, is formed.

Fig. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D are exploded sectional views of four embodiments of a laminated multi-storey building for a containment assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5A is an internal cross-sectional view and fig. 5B is an external cross-sectional view of a wall part according to the invention.

Fig. 6A and 6B are partial cross-sectional views of a finished structure according to the present invention, depicting in more detail aspects of the ceiling, wall and floor components of a first type of structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 7A and 7B are partial cross-sectional views of a finished structure according to the present invention, depicting in more detail aspects of the ceiling, wall and floor components of a second type of structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a hinge structure according to the invention connecting two floor sections.

Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a hinge structure connecting two roof sections according to the invention.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a free-standing end cap according to the present invention, FIG. 11 is a side view of a reinforced end cap according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a side view of an adjoining end cap according to the present invention.

Fig. 13A, 13B and 13C are side views of a first hinge i-beam structure according to the present invention, fig. 13D is a perspective view of a peripheral section of the first hinge i-beam structure according to the present invention, and fig. 13E and 13F are perspective views of the first hinge i-beam structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 14A, 14B, 14C and 14D are side views of a second hinge i-beam structure according to the present invention, and fig. 14E and 14F are perspective views of the second hinge i-beam structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a side view of a tongue and groove hinge structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 16 is an exploded perspective view of a finished structure according to the present invention depicting the proper location of the containment component perimeter of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a containment component and its adjoining end caps made in accordance with the present invention depicting holes in the structural layer for receiving fasteners.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1A depicts a first type of finished structure 150 (sometimes referred to herein as a type 1 structure 151) in accordance with the invention disclosed herein, and fig. 1B depicts a second type of finished structure 150 (sometimes referred to herein as a type 2 structure 152) in accordance with the invention disclosed herein. Type 1 structures 151 are smaller than type 2 structures 152, but the invention described herein is equally applicable to the fabrication and deployment of type 1 structures 151, type 2 structures 152, and other structures of different dimensions. Thus, references herein to "structure 150" should be understood to generally refer to type 1 structure 151 and type 2 structure 152 without distinction therebetween. Also, in the present invention, reference to components identified by the same numerals in different embodiments indicates that the components are the same in the different embodiments.

The structure 150 as depicted in fig. 1A and 1B has a rectangular shape made up of three types of generally planar and rectangular enclosure members 155, the three types of enclosure members 155 being comprised of a wall member 200, a floor member 300, and a ceiling member 400. The structure 150 has one floor member 300, one ceiling member 400 and four wall members 200. As shown in fig. 1A and 1B, the perimeter of the finished structure 150 is defined by the first longitudinal edge 106, the first transverse edge 108, the second longitudinal edge 116, and the second transverse edge 110.

The enclosure components 155 (wall components 200, floor components 300, and ceiling components 400) can be fabricated and sized as described herein and positioned together to form the shipping module 100, with end views shown in fig. 3A and 3B, where fig. 3A depicts the shipping module 100 for a type 1 structure 151 and fig. 3B depicts the shipping module 100 for a type 2 structure 152. The enclosure 155 is sized such that the shipping module 100 is within the U.S. federal highway size limits. Thus, the shipping module 100 can be more easily transported on limited access highways and can be transported with suitable trailer equipment without the need for oversized permits. Thus, the basic components of the finished structure 150 can be manufactured in the factory, positioned together to form the shipping module 100, and the shipping module 100 can be transported to the desired location of the structure where they can be easily assembled and customized as described herein.

Building enclosure part laminated design

The enclosure 155 of the present invention may be manufactured using a laminated multi-layer design. Fig. 4A-4D depict four embodiments of a multi-layer design of an exemplary enclosure 155 in exploded cross-section.

First and second embodiments

An inner protective layer (282).In the first and second embodiments of the laminated multi-layer design, as shown in fig. 4A and 4B, respectively, the surface of the enclosure 155 that will face the interior of the structure 150 is optionally provided with an interior protective layer 282. Preferably, the inner protective layer 282 is made of relatively thick paper, having a weight comparable to the weight of the outer surface used as a drying wall (e.g., under the trademark "dry wall")Sold). Preferably, the interior-protective layer 282 is unwound from a continuous roll (optionally, a roll having a width similar to the width of the enclosure 155) to create a seamless interior finish for the enclosure 155.

A first structural layer (210).In a first embodiment, depicted in fig. 4A, and in a second embodiment, depicted in fig. 4B, a first structural layer 210 is provided. If used, the inner protective layer 282 is bonded to the first structural layer 210 with a suitable adhesive, preferably a polyurethane-based construction adhesive. In the illustrated embodiment, the first structural layer 210 includes a plurality of rectangular structural building panels 211 that are comprised primarily of an inorganic composition having a relatively high strength, such as magnesium oxide (MgO). A suitable structural building panel 211 may be a MgO slab approximately 4 feet (1.22 meters) wide by approximately 8 feet (2.44 meters) long. In one specific implementation of the first embodiment of the multi-layer design of fig. 4A, the thickness of those structural building panels 211 that use magnesium oxide boards may be about 0.5 inches (1.27 centimeters); as an alternative, a thickness of about 0.25 inches (0.64 cm) may be used.

To form the first structural level 210, a plurality of generally rectangular structural building panels 211 are positioned adjacent to one another to generally cover the entire area of the intended containment assembly 155. For example, for the wall component 200a shown in fig. 5A, the structural building panels 211 are disposed horizontally and vertically adjacent to one another in a checkerboard relationship to cover substantially the entire area of the wall component 200 a. As another exemplary arrangement, a plurality of structural building panels 211 of sufficient length may be placed vertically side-by-side to cover substantially the entire area of the wall member 200.

The first structural layer 210 in the first and second embodiments shown in fig. 4A and 4B, respectively, further comprises a plurality of adhesive strips 212, for example made of magnesium oxide board, laid horizontally and/or vertically as required. In particular, adhesive strips 212 are positioned on straight connections between adjacent panels 211 and then secured to the areas of those panels adjacent to those connections, for example using a suitable adhesive, preferably a polyurethane-based building adhesive, to form an overlap between adjacent building panels 211, thereby bonding the panels 211 of the first structural layer 210 together to form a single unit. The magnesium oxide board adhesive strip 212 may be, for example, about 6 inches (15.2 cm) wide and 0.25 inches (0.635 cm) or 0.5 inches (1.27 cm) thick.

A first reinforcing layer (213-1).As shown in the first and second embodiments depicted in fig. 4A and 4B, respectively, a first reinforcing layer 213-1 made of woven fibers, such as woven glass fibers, is then provided. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, the first reinforcing layer 213-1 is preferably unwound from a continuous roll of felt (the width of the roll of felt optionally being close to the width of the enclosure 155) to create a seamless inner layer. In a second embodiment, shown in FIG. 4B, the first reinforcing layer 213-1 comprises a plurality of separate fibrous layer segments, shown as segments 213-1a and 213-1B in FIG. 4B, positioned between the adhesive strips 212.

A foam panel (214).Referring again to fig. 4A and 4B, next in the first and second embodiments a plurality of generally planar rectangular foam panels 214 are provided, which together present first and second opposing faces. The foam panel 214 is made of, for example, Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) or polyurethane foam. A plurality of these foam panels 214 are placed adjacent to each other to cover substantially the entire area of the intended enclosure 155. For example, for the wall component 200a shown in FIG. 5B, the foam panels 214 are disposed horizontally and vertically adjacent to one another in a checkerboard relationship to substantially cover the wall component 200 a. As another exemplary arrangement, a plurality of foam panels 214 of sufficient length may be placed vertically side-by-side to cover substantially the entire area of the wall member 200.

Preferably, the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 do not overlap or coincide with the seams between the structural building panels 211 of the first structural layer 210, with reference to the direction across the thickness of the enclosure 155. Rather, it is preferred that the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 be offset a distance from the seams between adjacent structural building panels 211 of the first structural layer 210. For example, for a foam panel 214 disposed vertically side-by-side and a structural building panel 211 disposed vertically side-by-side, the seam between adjacent foam panels may be located at or near the midline (middle dividing line) of the structural building panel 211, depending upon design, manufacturing, and other considerations. Accordingly, for foam panels 214 arranged in a checkerboard relationship and building panels 211 arranged in a checkerboard relationship, each corner where four foam panels 214 meet may be located at or near the center of structural building panels 211, depending upon design, manufacturing, and other considerations.

Preferably, a first reinforcing layer 213-1 is sandwiched between the first structural layer 210 and the first face of the foam panel 214 and secured thereto using a suitable adhesive (preferably a polyurethane-based construction adhesive). If the weave fibers of the first reinforcing layer 213-1 have a relatively open weave construction, only one application of adhesive is required during the manufacturing process to bond the layers 210, 213-1 and 214 together to form a bonded laminate structure. Adjacent foam panels 214 are optionally secured to one another by a suitable adhesive (preferably a polyurethane-based construction adhesive) applied between the adjoining panels.

A second reinforcing layer (213-2).In the first embodiment of the laminated multi-layer design shown in FIG. 4A, first a reinforcing layer of woven fabric, reinforcing layer 213-1 is on only one side of foam panel 214. In a second embodiment of the laminated multi-layer design, as shown in FIG. 4B, a second reinforcing layer 213-2 made of woven fibers (such as woven fiberglass) is provided on a second, opposite side of the foam panel 214. The second reinforcing layer 213-2 may be continuous, as shown in FIG. 4AThe illustrated first reinforcing layer 213-1, or may comprise a plurality of individual fiber layer segments, as shown by segments 213-2a and 213-2B in FIG. 4B, positioned between the adhesive strips 217, as described further below.

A second structural layer (215).In a first embodiment of the laminated multilayer design shown in fig. 4A, a second structural layer 215 is provided on a second, opposite face of the foam panel 214 (the face remote from the first structural layer 210). In a second embodiment of the laminated multi-layer design, as shown in FIG. 4B, a second structural layer 215 is also provided, and in the second embodiment, a second reinforcing layer 213-2 is sandwiched between a second opposing face of the foam panel 214 and the second structural layer 215. The second structural layer 215 includes a plurality of rectangular structural building panels 216, each structural building panel 216 consisting essentially of a relatively high strength inorganic composition, such as magnesium oxide. A suitable building panel 216 may be a magnesium oxide panel approximately 4 feet (1.22 meters) wide by 8 feet (2.44 meters) long. In one exemplary embodiment of the second structural layer 215, those structural building panels 216 using magnesium oxide sheeting may alternatively be about 0.5 inches (1.27 cm) thick, about 0.25 inches (0.64 cm) thick.

To form the second structural layer 215, a plurality of rectangular structural building panels 216 are laid adjacent to each other to cover substantially the entire area of the intended containment component 155. For example, for the wall component 200a shown in fig. 5B, the structural building panels 216 are disposed horizontally and vertically adjacent to one another in a checkerboard relationship to cover substantially the entire area of the wall component 200 a. As another exemplary arrangement, a plurality of structural building panels 216 of sufficient length may be placed vertically side-by-side to cover substantially the entire area of the wall member 200.

As with the first structural layer 210, it is preferred that the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 do not overlap or coincide with the seams between the structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 215 in a direction across the thickness of the enclosure member 155. Rather, the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 are preferably offset a distance from the seams between adjacent structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 215. For example, for foam panels 214 arranged vertically side-by-side and structural building panels 216 arranged vertically side-by-side, the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 may be located at or near the midline of the structural building panels 216, as design, manufacturing, and other considerations permit. Accordingly, for foam panels 214 arranged in a checkerboard relationship and structural building panels 216 arranged in a checkerboard relationship, each corner at which four foam panels 214 intersect may be located at or near the center of structural building panels 216, as design, manufacturing and other considerations allow. On the other hand, the seams between the structural building panels 211 of the first structural layer 210 may not preferably coincide with the seams of the structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 215 in a direction across the thickness of the enclosure 155.

The second structural layer 215 in the first and second embodiments shown in fig. 4A and 4B, respectively, further comprises a plurality of adhesive strips 217, the adhesive strips 217 being made of magnesium oxide board, for example, and being located between the building panel 216 and the foam panel 214. Adhesive strips 217 are positioned on the straight connections between adjacent panels 216 and then secured to the areas of those panels adjacent the connections, for example using a suitable adhesive, preferably a polyurethane based construction adhesive, to form an overlap between adjacent construction panels 216 to bond the panels 211 of the first structural layer 210 together to form a single unit. The bonding strip 217 of magnesium oxide board may be, for example, about 6 inches (15.2 cm) wide and 0.25 inches (0.635 cm) or 0.5 inches (1.27 cm) thick.

If the first reinforcing layer 213-1 and/or the second reinforcing layer 213-2 are formed from a continuous roll, the foam panel 214 may have suitable recesses (not shown) to accommodate such local thickness variations of the combination of layer 213-1/adhesive strip 212 and/or layer 213-2/adhesive strip 217 that may occur in these areas near the adhesive strip. If the first reinforcing layer 213-1 and/or the second reinforcing layer 213-2 are formed from separate segments, the foam panel 214 may have suitable recesses (not shown) to accommodate the adhesive strips 212 and/or 217.

In a first embodiment shown in fig. 4A, the second structural layer 215 is secured to the foam panel 214 using, for example, a suitable adhesive, preferably a polyurethane-based construction adhesive. In a second embodiment shown in fig. 4B, a second reinforcing layer 213-2 is preferably secured to the second structural layer 215 and the foam panel 214 using, for example, a suitable adhesive, preferably a polyurethane-based construction adhesive. If the first reinforcing layer 213-2 has a relatively open weave construction of woven fibers, only one application of adhesive is required during the manufacturing process to bond the layers 214, 213-2 and 215 together to form a bonded laminate structure.

In the embodiment of the wall component 200 shown in fig. 5B, the exterior of the structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 215 are provided with grooves 218 for aesthetic reasons, in particular to better hide the presence of seams between adjacent panels 216. Alternatively, additional protective material unwound from a continuous roll may be used to cover the exterior of the panel 216.

In the absence of a tensile load in the applicable region, the reinforcement layer 213-1 and/or the reinforcement layer 213-2 may be omitted. Further, while the inner protective layer 282 is shown bonded to the first structural layer 210, it could equally easily be bonded to the second structural layer 215 with the structural layer facing the inner dwelling portion of the structure. The inner shielding 282 may be omitted if not desired.

Third and fourth embodiments

A third embodiment of a stacked multilayer design is shown in fig. 4C. The third embodiment of fig. 4C has a metal sheet layer 205 in place of the second structural layer 215, as compared to the second embodiment shown in fig. 4B, but otherwise is identical in design to the second embodiment shown in fig. 4B. The metal plate layer 205 may be, for example, steel or aluminum, made of a plurality of generally planar rectangular metal plates 206, the metal plates 206 being disposed adjacent to one another to cover substantially the entire area of the intended containment component 155 and being connected to one another, such as by riveting or welding. After attachment, the attachment metal plate 206 of the metal plate layer 205 is secured to a second, opposite face of the foam panel 214 (the face of the foam panel 214 remote from the structural layer 210) with a suitable adhesive.

Preferably, the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 do not overlap or coincide with the seams in the connecting metal plates 206 of the metal plate layer 205 in a direction across the thickness of the enclosure 155. Instead, it is preferred that the seams between adjacent foam panels 214 are offset by a distance from the seams in the connecting metal sheets 206 of the metal sheet layer 205. For example, for a foam panel 214 placed vertically side-by-side and a connecting metal panel 206 placed vertically side-by-side, the seam between adjacent foam panels may be located at or near the midline (middle dividing line) of the connecting metal panel 206, depending upon design, manufacturing, and other considerations.

In a third embodiment, the metal plates 206 of the metal sheet layer 205 may be made of steel, optionally with a protective and/or decorative surface treatment, each having, for example, about 26-20gauge (0.0179 inch (0.454 mm) -0.0478 inch (1.214 mm)). The use of the sheet metal layer 205 provides increased tensile strength compared to, for example, the second structural layer 215 comprising structural building panels 216 (particularly magnesium oxide panels). At the same time, the laminated multi-layer design shown in fig. 4C exhibits significant compressive strength in the area of the first structural layer 210 including the structural building panel 211 (particularly magnesium oxide panel).

A fourth embodiment of a stacked multilayer design is shown in fig. 4D. The fourth embodiment of fig. 4D includes a protective layer 293 between the foam panel 214 and the metal ply 205, as compared to the third embodiment shown in fig. 4C, but otherwise is identical in design to the third embodiment shown in fig. 4C. The protective layer 293 includes a plurality of generally rectangular protective panels 294, the protective panels 294 being positioned adjacent to one another to cover substantially the entire area of the intended enclosure 155. The protective panel 294 of the protective layer 293 may consist essentially of a refractory inorganic composition, such as magnesium oxide (MgO) or calcium sulfate dihydrate (also known as drywall, for example under the trademark drywall)Sold) a suitable protective panel 294 for the protective layer 293 may be a magnesium oxide panel that is about 4 feet (1.22 meters) wide by about 8 feet (2.44 meters) long.

The building protection panel 294 of the protective layer 293 is bonded to the foam panel 214 and the metal slab 205 by applying a suitable adhesive between the protective layer 293 and a second opposing surface of the foam panel 214, between the protective layer 293 and the metal slab 205. A suitable thickness for the building protective panel 294 using the protective layer 293 of magnesium oxide board may be 0.125 inches (3.18 mm). In the fourth embodiment of the laminated multi-storey building shown in fig. 4D, the primary function of the protective layer 293 is to impart fire resistance.

Outer edge reinforcement of enclosure part

The outer edge defining the perimeter of each enclosure 155 may be provided with an edge stiffener, as desired. The outer edge reinforcement may protect the foam panel material that would otherwise be exposed at the outer edge of the enclosure 155. The outer edge stiffener may also serve other functions, as described below. The outer edge reinforcement may be made of one or more laminated plywood sheets, wood sheets, C-channel extruded aluminum or steel, etc., and is typically secured to the outer edge of the enclosure 155 with fasteners, such as screw or nail fasteners, and/or adhesives.

Enclosure partition

In some cases, the enclosure 155 is divided into enclosure sections to facilitate forming a compact shipping module 100. In those instances where the enclosure 155 is divided into enclosure sections, any outer edge reinforcements on the outer edges defining the enclosure perimeter are divided between or in those sections as desired.

Inner edge reinforcing member of enclosure part

The enclosure 155 divided into a plurality of enclosure sections will have an inner edge. For each adjacent pair of enclosure sections, there will be two adjacent inner edges. Such inner edge may be provided with an inner edge reinforcement. Similar to the outer edge stiffener, such inner edge stiffener may protect the foam panel material that would otherwise be exposed at the inner edge of the enclosure 155. The inner edge stiffener may also serve other functions, as described below. The inner edge reinforcement may be made of one or more laminated plywood sheets, wood panels, C-channel extruded aluminum or steel, etc., and is typically secured to the inner edge of the enclosure 155 with fasteners, such as screw or nail fasteners, and/or adhesive.

Further design details of the finished structure 150, wall member 200, floor member 300, and ceiling member 400 are provided in the following sections.

Wall parts (200)

Typically, the finished structure 150 will use four wall parts 200, each wall part 200 corresponding to an entire wall of the structure 150. The wall member 200 has a substantially rectangular perimeter. The height and length of the wall member 200 may vary according to design preference, but is limited by the above-described size suitable for transportation. In the present invention, the structure 150 is formed to have two opposing sides that are longer than the other two sides (as in the case of the type 1 structure 151), the two wall parts 200 located along the first and second longitudinal edges 106, 116 are sometimes referred to as long wall parts, each wall part 200 being designated 200a, and the two wall parts 200 located along the first and second transverse edges 108, 110 are sometimes referred to as short wall parts, each wall part 200 being designated 200 b. All sides of the structure 150 are approximately equal in length (as in the case of the type 2 structure 152), and the four wall parts 200 are sometimes each named 200 s. The basic structure and design of the wall component 200 is the same for both the type 1 structure 151 and the type 2 structure 152, and generally applies to the structure 150.

In the particular embodiment of a type 1 structure 151 shown in fig. 1A and 2A, the long wall section 200a is about 39 feet (11.89 meters) in length and the short wall section 200b is about 19.5 feet (5.94 meters) in length; thus, the length of the long wall member 200a located along the first and second longitudinal edges 106, 116 is approximately twice the length of the short wall member 200b located along the first and second transverse edges 108, 110. The long wall member 200a and the short wall member 200b have a height of about 9.5 feet (2.9 meters) and a thickness of about 6 inches (15.24 centimeters).

As mentioned above, the type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 1B and 2B has equal length wall parts 200, 200s (each named 200s) -i.e., the type 2 structure 152 has a generally square shape. Thus, in the case of the type 2 structure 152, the first and second longitudinal edges 106, 116 and the first and second transverse edges 108, 110 are all of equal length. In a particular embodiment of a type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 1B and 2B, the wall members 200, 200s may be about 19 feet (5.79 meters) in length, about 9.45 feet (2.88 meters) in height, and about 6 inches (15.24 centimeters) in thickness.

As mentioned above, the wall component 200 of the present invention preferably uses one of the laminated multi-layer designs described above with reference to fig. 4A-4D. For example, the long wall member 200a shown in fig. 5A and 5B may use the second embodiment of the laminated multi-layer design with reference to fig. 4B. The particular embodiment of the wall component 200s of the type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 1B and 2B described above may use a second multi-layer design (fig. 4B) having MgO sheets 0.25 inches (0.635 cm) thick for the structural building panels 211 of the first structural layer 210, and also for the structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 211 having adhesive strips 211, 217 of MgO sheets 0.25 inches (0.635 cm) thick and 6 inches (15.24 cm) wide. The foam panel 214 may be 5.5 inches (13.97 cm) thick, resulting in a wall component 200 that is approximately 6 inches (15.24 cm) thick.

The perimeter of each wall member 200 is typically provided with an outer edge reinforcement. As shown in the long wall member 200a shown in fig. 5A, the outer edge reinforcements for the wall member 200 are a floor strip 220 along the bottom horizontal edge, a ceiling strip 240 along the top horizontal edge, and two end members 270 fastened at each vertical edge 275 of the wall member 200, respectively. In the case of the wall component 200, in addition to protecting the outer edges of the foam panel material, the outer edge stiffener also provides an area for securing similar areas adjacent the wall component 200, ceiling component 400 and floor component 300.

The outer edge reinforcement for the wall member 200 provided by the floor strip 220, ceiling strip 240 and end members 270 may be made of one or more of laminated plywood board, wood board, C-channel extruded aluminium or steel, etc. Alternatively, the enclosure perimeter structure described below may be employed in addition to, or instead of, the outer edge reinforcement of the type just described for the wall member 200.

Wall partition

Dividing wall section of type 1 structure (151).Referring to fig. 2A, each of the two short wall members 200b of the type 1 structure 151 includes a first wall section 200b-1 and a second wall section 200 b-2. Each wall section 200b-1 and 200b-2 is a generally rectangular planar structure. The inside vertical edge 191-1 of each wall section 200b-1 is adjacent to the corresponding inside vertical edge 191-2 of the wall section 200 b-2. An inner edge stiffener may be provided at any one or more of the vertical edges 191-1 and 191-2, examples of which include laminated plywood sheets, wood sheets, C-channel extruded aluminum, or steel.

Referring again to fig. 2A, the two first wall sections 200b-1 are in a fixed position, opposite each other on the floor section 300a, proximate the first and second lateral edges 108, 110 of the finished structure 150. Each first wall section 200b-L is connected to a second wall section 200b-2 by a hinge structure. These hinge structures allow the second wall section 200b-2 to pivot about the vertical axis 191 between the folded and unfolded positions. FIG. 2A depicts the second portions 200b-2 in their deployed positions, which are designated 200b-2u, and in their folded-in positions, which are designated 200b-2 f. When the second portions 200b-2 are in their folded position, they help form a compact shipping module. When the second portions 200b-2 are in their deployed positions, they form, together with the first portions 200b-1, short wall members 200b of a type 1 structure 151 as shown in fig. 2A.

Dividing wall portions of a type 2 structure (152).Referring to fig. 2B, the type 2 structure 152 has two opposing wall parts 200s, wherein one of the opposing wall parts 200s includes a first wall section 200s-1, a second wall section 200s-2 and a third wall section 200s-3, and the other opposing wall part 200s includes a fourth wall section 200s-4 and a fifth wall section 200 s-5. Each of the wall sections 200s-1, 200s-2, 200s-3, 200s-4 and 200s-5Each having a generally rectangular planar configuration. As shown in FIG. 2B, the inside vertical edge 192-1 of the wall section 200s-1 is adjacent the corresponding inside vertical edge 192-2 of the wall section 200s-2, and the inside vertical edge 193-2 of the wall section 200s-2 is adjacent the corresponding inside vertical wall edge 193-3 of the wall section 200 s-3. As also shown in FIG. 2B, the inside vertical edge 194-4 of the wall section 200s-4 is adjacent to the corresponding inside vertical edge 194-5 of the wall section 200 s-5. Inner edge reinforcements may be provided at any one or more of the vertical edges 192-1, 192-2, 193-3, 194-4, and 194-5, examples of which include laminated plywood sheets, wood sheets, C-channel extruded aluminum, or steel.

Referring again to FIG. 2B, the first wall section 200s-1 is secured to the floor section 300a at a location proximate the first lateral edge 108, and the fourth wall section 200s-4 is secured to the floor section 300a at a location opposite the first wall section 200s-1 and proximate the second lateral edge 110. The first wall section 200s-1 is connected to the second wall section 200s-2 by a hinge structure that allows the wall section 200s-2 to pivot about the vertical axis 192 between a folded position and an unfolded position. In addition, the second wall section 200s-2 is connected to the third wall section 200s-3 by a hinge structure to allow the third wall section 200s-3 to pivot about the vertical axis 193 between the folded and unfolded positions. For the opposite wall, the fourth wall section 200s-4 is connected to the fifth wall section 200s-5 by a hinge structure that allows the first wall section 200s-5 to pivot about the vertical axis 194 between the folded and unfolded positions. Notably, the fifth wall section 200s-5 is longer than either the second wall section 200s-2 or the third wall section 200 s-3.

Fig. 2B depicts the second wall section 200s-2 and the third wall section 200s-3 both in their unfolded positions, where they are indicated at 200s-2u and 200s3-u, respectively, and the fifth wall section 200s-5 in its unfolded position, where it is indicated at 200s-5 u. Fig. 2B also depicts the second wall section 200s-2 and the third wall section 200s-3 both in their inwardly folded position, in which they are respectively referenced as 200s-2f and 200s3-f, and the fifth wall section 200s-5 in its inwardly folded position, in which it is referenced as 200s-5 f. The second wall section 200s-2, the third wall section 200s-3 and the fifth wall section 200s-5 help form a compact shipping module when they are in their inwardly folded position. When the second wall section 200s-2 and the third wall section 200s-3 are in their unfolded positions, they form together with the first wall section 200s-1 a wall part 200s near the first transverse edge 108. When the fifth wall section 200s-5 is in its unfolded position, together with the fourth wall section 200s-4, they form a wall part 200s near the second transverse edge 110.

The above-described hinge structures (for fixing each of the first wall sections 200b-1 to the second wall section 200b-2 thereof, the first wall section 200s-1 to the second wall section 200s-2, the second wall section 200s-2 to the third wall section 200s-3, and the fourth wall section 200s-4 to the fifth wall section 200s-5) may be surface-mounted or recessed and have a temporary or permanent nature. As described above, the provision of an inner edge reinforcement may provide a region for securing the hinge structure. Suitable hinge structures may be made of, for example, metal, plastic, leather, iron, or non-ferrous metal materials. Enclosure perimeter structures including hinge structures described below are also suitable for securing wall sections together, such as the tongue and groove hinge structure 242 shown in fig. 15. Such enclosure perimeter structures may be used in addition to or in place of the inner edge stiffeners described above.

A non-dividing wall member of a type 1 structure (151).In contrast to the two short wall members 200b of the type 1 structure 151 (the short wall member 200b is divided into two parts), the two long wall members 200a shown in fig. 2A do not include multiple wall parts, but are each of a one-piece structure. However, one of these long wall members 200a, which is located on the floor portion 300b near the first longitudinal edge 106 and is sometimes referred to in the present disclosure as a (long) wall member 200a-P, is pivotally secured to the floor portion 300b to allow the wall members 200a-P to pivot about the horizontal axis 105 shown in fig. 3A from the folded position to the unfolded position. Pivotally securing the long wall members 200a-P also helps to form a compact wall assemblyThe module 100 is shipped. As shown in FIG. 2A, the remaining long wall members 200a, sometimes designated 200a-R in the present invention, are rigidly secured to the floor section 300a adjacent the second longitudinal edge 116 and abut the vertical edges of the two first wall sections 200b-1 adjacent the second longitudinal edge 116.

A non-dividing wall member of a type 2 structure (152).In contrast to the two wall parts 200s of the type 2 structure 152, each wall part 200s being divided into a plurality of portions, the remaining two wall parts 200s shown in fig. 2B do not include a plurality of wall portions, but are of one-piece construction. However, one of these wall parts 200s (which is sometimes named 200s-P in the present invention and is located on the floor section 300B near the first longitudinal edge 106) is pivotally secured to the floor section 300B to allow the wall part 200s-P to pivot about a horizontal axis 105 as shown in fig. 3B from the folded position to the unfolded position. Pivotally securing the wall members 200s-P also helps to form a compact shipping module 100. As shown in FIG. 2B, the remaining wall elements 200s, sometimes designated 200s-R in the present invention, are rigidly secured to the floor section 300a proximate the second longitudinal edge 116 and abut the vertical edges of the first wall section 200s-1 and the fourth wall section 200s-4 proximate the second longitudinal edge 116.

The above-described hinge structures (for securing the wall parts 200a-P to the floor part 300b, and for securing the wall parts 200s-P to the floor part 300b) may be surface-mounted or recessed and of a temporary or permanent nature. As mentioned above, the provision of the outer edge reinforcement may provide a region for securing the hinge structure. Suitable hinge structures may be made of, for example, metal, plastic, leather, iron, or non-ferrous metal materials. Alternatively, the enclosure perimeter structures including hinged structures described below are also suitable for securing the wall members to their respective floor sections 300b (and may be suitably modified if the connection between the floor member 300b and the wall members 200a-P/200s-P is 90 degrees (90 °) when any of the wall members 200a-P/200s-P are in the deployed position). Such enclosure perimeter structures may be used in addition to, or in place of, the outer edge stiffeners described above.

And (4) wall grooves.Where the wall member 200 uses one of the multi-layer laminate designs described with reference to fig. 4A-4C, the foam panel 214 may be provided with a series of elongated, generally parallel, approximately vertically oriented cylindrical channels spaced at regular intervals throughout the distance between the end members 270, each channel spanning the distance between the floor strip 220 and the ceiling strip 240. These vertical passages are named wall slots 219 and can be seen in fig. 6A for wall parts 200a, 200b of type 1 structure 151 and in fig. 7A for wall part 200s of type 2 structure 152. The wall slots 219 facilitate installation of utilities (such as for power, lighting control, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), HVAC control, security systems, including powering and communicating with smoke or thermal sensors, etc.) in the wall component 200. Further details regarding these wall slots are described in U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130 entitled "foldable building structure with common walkway and laminated envelope" filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor. The contents of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130, entitled "foldable building structure with common walkway and laminated envelope", filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor, are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein, particularly with respect to wall slots, including those found in paragraphs 0077 and 0081 and fig. 5A-5C, 6A and 7A. If communication is required between the wall slot 219 and the area above the ceiling plank 240 and/or the floor plank 220, the wall member 200 is provided with containment member peripheral structures, as described below, either adhered to one or both of the floor plank 220 and the ceiling plank 240, or in place of one or both of the floor plank 220 and the ceiling plank 240, these containment member peripheral structures may be provided with suitable apertures in the appropriate locations to allow communication with the wall slot 219.

A wall customization option.Fig. 1A and 2A depict a wall component 200 having a plurality of apertures, particularly a door aperture 202 for receiving a door frame and door assembly and a window aperture 204 for receiving a window frame and window assembly. Multi-layer stack of wall components 200The story building allows for a high degree of customization in the type, size and location of doors, windows, etc., and the number of apertures 202, 204 may vary according to design preference. Further details regarding the customization of the wall component 200 are described in U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130 entitled "foldable building structure with common walkway and laminated envelope" filed on the same date as the present application and of the same inventor. The contents of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130, entitled "foldable building structure with common walkway and laminated envelope", filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor, are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein, particularly with respect to wall customization details such as those found in paragraph 0082-.

Ceiling parts (400)

Typically, the finished structure 150 will use one ceiling component 400; thus, the ceiling component 400 is typically the entire ceiling of the finished structure 150. The ceiling member 400 has a generally rectangular perimeter. Fig. 6A-7B depict a ceiling component 400 according to the invention. The perimeter of the ceiling component 400 is defined by a first longitudinal ceiling edge 406, a first lateral ceiling edge 408, a second longitudinal ceiling edge 416, and a second lateral ceiling edge 410. In particular, the (a) first longitudinal ceiling edge 406, (b) first transverse ceiling edge 408, (c) second longitudinal ceiling edge 416, and (d) second transverse ceiling edge 410 of the ceiling component 400 generally coincide with (i.e., overlap with) the (w) first longitudinal edge 106, (x) first transverse edge 108, (y) second longitudinal edge 116, and (z) second transverse edge 110, respectively, of the finished structure 150. Fig. 6A and 6B depict a ceiling component 400 of a type 1 structure 151, and fig. 7A and 7B depict a ceiling component 400 of a type 2 structure 152. The basic structure and design of the ceiling component 400 is the same for both the type 1 structure 151 and the type 2 structure 152, and generally applies to the structure 150, and generally to the ceiling component 400 of the structure 150 made in accordance with the present invention.

The length and width of the ceiling component 400 may vary according to design preferences. In a particular embodiment of a type 1 structure 151 shown in fig. 1A and 2A, the ceiling component 400 (dimension along the first longitudinal edge 106 and the second longitudinal edge 116) is about 39 feet (11.89 meters) long (dimension along the first longitudinal ceiling edge 406 and the second longitudinal ceiling edge 416) about 19.5 feet (5.94 meters) wide (dimension along the first lateral ceiling edge 408 and the second lateral ceiling edge 410). In a particular embodiment of a type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 1B and 2B, the ceiling component 400 is approximately 19 feet (5.79 meters) square.

Preferably, the ceiling component 400 uses one of the multi-layer panel designs described above with reference to fig. 4A-4D, as described below.

The perimeter of the ceiling component 400 is typically provided with outer edge reinforcements. As the outer edge reinforcements for the embodiments of the ceiling member 400 shown in the type 1 structure 151 in fig. 6B and the type 2 structure 152 in fig. 7A, the first shoulder beam 435 is located at the first longitudinal ceiling edge 406 of the ceiling member 400, the second shoulder beam 435 (edge-up as seen in fig. 7B) is located at the second lateral ceiling edge 408 of the ceiling member 400, the third shoulder beam 435 (edge-up as seen in fig. 7B) is located at the first lateral outer ceiling edge 410 of the ceiling member 400, and the fourth shoulder beam 435 is located at the second longitudinal ceiling edge 416 of the ceiling member 400 (see fig. 6B). In the case of the floor component 400, in addition to protecting the outer edges of the foam panel material, the outer edge reinforcement provided by the shoulder beams 435 help to resist vertical loads and transmit such loads to the underlying floor and then to the foundation of the finished structure 150 by supporting the underlying wall component 200 of the ceiling component 400. Such outer edge reinforcements may also provide areas for securing similar areas (below and any above) of the adjoining enclosure components 155.

The outer edge reinforcement provided by the shoulder beams 435 of the ceiling component 400 may be made of one or more of laminated plywood sheets, wood sheets, C-channel extruded aluminium or steel, or the like. Alternatively, the enclosure perimeter described below may be used in addition to, or in place of, the outer edge stiffener just described for the ceiling component 400.

Ceiling partition

Each of the type 1 structure 151 and the type 2 structure 152 includes ceiling portions 400a, 400b, and 400 c. Each of the ceiling portions 400a, 400B and 400c is a planar, generally rectangular structure with the ceiling portion 400a abutting the ceiling portion 400B and the ceiling portion 400B abutting the ceiling portion 400c, as shown in fig. 6A and 6B.

A ceiling portion 400 c.The ceiling portion 400c is generally an example of the configuration of all of the ceiling portions 400a, 400b and 400 c. Referring to the segment of the ceiling portion 400C shown in fig. 6C, the ceiling portion 400C uses a stacked multi-layer design according to either its first embodiment (as shown in fig. 4A) or its second embodiment (as shown in fig. 4B). As related herein, the ceiling portion 400c includes a first structural layer 210 of structural building panels 211, designated as ceiling base 404, and a second structural layer 215 of structural building panels 216, designated as ceiling top 402. Between the ceiling top surface 402 and the ceiling bottom surface 404 is a foam panel 214, which is designated as a ceiling foam panel 414. The inner edge 412c of the ceiling member 400c abuts the first inner edge 412B of the ceiling member 400B, as shown in fig. 6B and 7A. A reinforcement panel 437 is positioned adjacent inner edge 412c for inner edge reinforcement.

A ceiling portion 400 a.The ceiling portion 400a is shown, for example, in fig. 6B and 7A. Which is a mirror image of the design and construction of the ceiling portion 400 c. The inner edge 412a of the ceiling portion 400a abuts the second inner edge 412B of the ceiling portion 400B, as shown in fig. 6B and 7A. A reinforcement panel 437 is positioned adjacent inner edge 412a for inner edge reinforcement.

A ceiling portion 400 b.Ceiling portion 400B shown in fig. 6B and 7A is identical to ceiling portions 400a and 400c in overall design and construction. The first inner edge 412b of the ceiling member 400b abuts the inner edge 412c of the ceiling member 400c and the second inner edge 412b of the ceiling member 400b abuts the inner edge 412a of the ceiling portion 400 a. For inner edge reinforcement, a reinforcement plate 437 is positioned adjacent to the first inner edge 412b of the ceiling portion 400b, the reinforcement plate 437Located adjacent the second inner edge 412b of the ceiling portion 400 b.

The ceiling component 400 and its constituent elements are generally formed to have a thickness dimension or otherwise accommodate the particular loads to which the ceiling component 400 may be subjected. A particular embodiment of a ceiling component 400, such as in the type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 7A and 7B, may use a second multi-layer design embodiment of 0.25 inch (0.635 cm) thick MgO board (see fig. 4B), structural building panels 211 for the first structural layer 210/ceiling base 404, and structural building panels 216 for the second structural layer 211/ceiling top 402, and have an adhesive strip of 0.25 inch (0.635 cm) thick 6 inch (15.24 cm) wide MgO board. The foam panel 214/ceiling foam panel 414 may be 7.9 inches (20.07 cm) thick, resulting in a roof member 400 that is approximately 8.4 inches (21.34 cm) thick. Additional structural members, such as joists, may be used depending on the specific design of the structure 150 to help transfer vertical loads to one or more shoulder beams 435.

Referring to the type 1 structure 151 shown in fig. 6B, the ceiling portion 400a is fixed in position relative to the first portion 200B-1 of the short wall member 200B and relative to the long wall members 200a-R and is connected by a hinge structure along the longitudinal inner edge 412a to the longitudinal inner edge 412B of the adjoining ceiling portion 400B. Such hinge structures are adapted to allow the ceiling portion 400B to pivot up to 180 degrees (180 °) about the horizontal axis 405a, located near the top of the ceiling member 400, between a collapsed position (ceiling portion 400B lying flat against ceiling portion 400a) and a fully deployed position shown in fig. 6B.

In turn, the ceiling portion 400b is connected to the ceiling portion 400c by a hinge structure where the longitudinal inner edge 412b of the ceiling portion 400b abuts the longitudinal inner edge 412c of the ceiling portion 400 c. Such a hinge structure is adapted to allow the ceiling portion 400c to pivot up to 180 degrees (180 °) about a horizontal axis between a folded position (when the ceiling portion 400c is flat against the ceiling portion 400B (when the ceiling portion 400B is flat against the ceiling portion 400 a)) and a fully unfolded position shown in fig. 6B, located near the bottom of the ceiling member 400.

Similarly, referring to the type 2 structure 152 shown in FIG. 7A, the ceiling section 400a is fixed in position relative to the first wall section 200s-1, the fourth wall section 200s-4 and the wall members 200 s-R. The ceiling portions 400a, 400b and 400c for the type 2 structure 152 are connected in the same manner as the hinge structure described above with respect to the type 1 structure 151.

The hinge structure connecting the ceiling portions 400a, 400b and 400c may be surface-mounted or recessed and have a temporary or permanent nature. Suitable hinge structures may be made of, for example, metal, plastic, leather, iron, or non-ferrous metal materials. The inner edge reinforcement provided by the reinforcement panels 437 of the ceiling portions 400a, 400b and 400c provides a structure for mounting the hinge structure in addition to protecting the edges of the foam panel material. The reinforcing plate 437 may be made of, for example, one or more of laminated plywood plates, wood plates, C-channel extruded aluminum, or steel.

Fig. 9 illustrates a suitable hinge structure and associated components, which depicts an exemplary hinge structure connecting ceiling portions 400b and 400 c. In particular, a plurality of double hinges 413 are arranged in line along the horizontal axis 405 b. The dual hinge is preferred to allow the hinge to be recessed below the surface while maintaining the ability to pivot up to 180 degrees (180 °) without causing interference curling between adjacent ceiling sections. These double hinges can be manufactured in the following way: two single hinges, each along a respective one of their leaves, are positioned together in abutting relationship and welded to form a double hinge 413.

As shown in fig. 9, each free leaf of the double hinge 413 is fixed to the reinforcing plate 437, respectively. As shown in fig. 9, each reinforcement plate 437 is positioned against the exterior of the web of the C-channel rails 308 (made of cold-formed steel), each of the C-channel rails 308 in turn being secured to a respective abutting edge of the roof sections 400b and 400C. The same hinge structure may be used to secure ceiling portions 400a and 400B together, although rotated 180 degrees and aligned along horizontal axis 405a, allowing ceiling portions 400B and 400c to fold in an accordion-like pattern as shown in fig. 3A and 3B.

The enclosure perimeter structure including the hinge structure described below provides further alternatives to the hinge structure depicted in fig. 7B, and in particular the second hinge i-beam structure 268 depicted in fig. 14A-14F. Such enclosure perimeter structures may be used in addition to, or instead of, the inner edge reinforcement provided by the reinforcement panels 437 of the ceiling portions 400a, 400b, and 400 c.

Utility service systems and ceiling troughs.The ceiling component 400 may be provided with a utility system 460, which is one or more recessed channels in the form of a closed loop, located near the entire perimeter of the ceiling component 400, proximate to the shoulder beams 435 and 400c included in those ceiling portions 400a, 400b, to facilitate the routing of utility lines (such as for power, lighting control, HVAC control, security systems, including powering and communicating smoke or thermal sensors, etc.). Fig. 6A and 6B illustrate one embodiment of a utility service system 460 (named 461 in those figures), and fig. 7A and 7B illustrate another embodiment of a utility service system 460 (named 462 in those figures). For the same purpose, the ceiling component 400 may also be provided with ceiling slots 440, which are a plurality of elongated, spaced-apart cylindrical channels in the ceiling portions 400a, 400b and 400 c. The utility service system 460 is adapted to communicate with both the ceiling trough 440 and the wall trough 219. Further details regarding the utility service system 460 and ceiling trough 440 for the ceiling component 400 are described in U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130 entitled "foldable building structure with utility access and laminated enclosure" filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor. The contents of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130 entitled "collapsible building structure with utility walkway and laminated building envelope" filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein, particularly with respect to the details of the utility service system 460 and wall slot 440, such as those found in paragraphs 0102 and 0120 and fig. 6A through 7E.

Floor component (300)

Typically, the finished structure 150 will employ one flooring component 300; thus, the flooring component 300 is typically a complete floor of the finished structure 150. The floor member 300 has a substantially rectangular perimeter. Fig. 6A-6B and 7A-7B depict a flooring component 300 according to the present invention. The first longitudinal floor edge 117, the first transverse floor edge 120, the second longitudinal floor edge 119 and the second transverse floor edge 118 define the periphery of the floor component 300. In particular, (a) the first longitudinal floor edge 117, (b) the first transverse floor edge 120, (c) the second longitudinal floor edge 119, and (d) the second transverse floor edge 118 generally coincide with (i.e., are below) the (w) first longitudinal edge 106, (x) the first transverse edge 108, (y) the second longitudinal edge 116, and (z) the second transverse edge 110, respectively, of the finished structure 150. Fig. 6A and 6B depict a flooring component 300 for a type 1 structure 151 and fig. 7A and 7B depict a flooring component 300 for a type 2 structure 152. The basic structure of the flooring component 300 is the same for both the type 1 structure 151 and the type 2 structure 152, and is generally applicable to the flooring component 300 of the structure 150 made in accordance with the present invention.

The length and width of the flooring component 300 may vary according to design preferences. In the particular embodiment of the type 1 structure 151 shown in fig. 1A and 2A, in which the wall members 200a, 200b are oriented vertically, the length and width of the ceiling member 400 are similar to the length and width of the ceiling member 400 of the type 1 structure. Similarly, in the particular embodiment of the type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 1B and 2B, in which the wall member 200s is oriented vertically, the length and width of the ceiling member 400 are similar to the length and width of the ceiling member 400 used for the type 2 structure.

Preferably, the flooring component 300 uses one of the multi-layer laminate designs described above with reference to fig. 4A-4D, as described below.

The perimeter of each flooring component 300 is typically provided with outer edge reinforcements. As an outer edge reinforcement for the embodiment of the floor element 300 shown in fig. 7A and 7B, a first bottom beam 320 (edge up as seen in fig. 7A) is located at the first longitudinal floor edge 117 of the floor element 300, a second bottom beam 320 (edge up as seen in fig. 7B) is located at the second transverse floor edge 118 of the floor element 300, a third bottom beam 320 (edge up as seen in fig. 7B) is located at the first transverse floor edge 120 of the floor element 300, and a fourth bottom beam 320 is located at the second longitudinal floor edge 119 of the floor element 300 (edge up as seen in fig. 7A). In the case of the floor component 300, the edge reinforcement provided by the bottom beams 320, in addition to protecting the edges of the foam panel material, also helps to resist vertical loads and transfer such loads to any ceiling components 400 therebelow and then to the underlying wall component 200, and/or the foundation of the final structure 150.

The outer edge reinforcement provided by the bottom beams 420 of the flooring component 300 may be made of one or more of laminated plywood sheets, wood, C-channel extruded aluminum or steel, or the like. Alternatively, the enclosure perimeter described below may be used in addition to, or in place of, the outer edge reinforcement of the type just described for the floor component 300.

Floor partition

The flooring component 300 in the type 1 structure 151 and the type 2 structure 152 includes a floor portion 300a and a floor portion 300 b. Each of the floor sections 300a and 300B is a planar, generally rectangular structure, with the floor section 300a abutting the floor section 300B, as shown in fig. 6A, 6B, and 7A.

A floor portion 300 a.As shown in fig. 6A, 6B and 7A, the flooring section 300A is generally an example of the construction of the flooring sections 300A and 300B, and as shown, a laminated multi-layer design according to fig. 4A and 4B in the first or second embodiment, respectively, is generally used. As related herein, the floor section 300a includes a first structural layer 210 of structural building panels 211 (designated as floor bottom face 304) and a second structural layer 215 of structural building panels 216 (designated as floor top face 302). Between the floor top surface 302 and the floor bottom surface 304 is a foam panel 214 (designated as floor foam panel 314). Inner edge 301a of floor section 300a abuts inner edge 301b of floor section 300b, as shown in fig. 9A. As an inner edge reinforcement, a reinforcement plate 307 is positioned adjacent the inner edge 301 a.

Floor portion 300 b.The floor portion 300B is shown, for example, in fig. 6A, 6B, and 7A. General design and construction of floor section 300b and floor section300a are identical. The inner edge 301b of the floor section 300b abuts the inner edge 301a of the floor section 300a, as shown in fig. 7A. As an inner edge reinforcement, a reinforcement plate 307 is positioned adjacent the inner edge 301 b.

The flooring component 300 and its constituent elements are generally formed to have a thickness dimension or otherwise accommodate the particular loads to which the flooring component 300 may be subjected. The particular embodiment of a flooring component 300 for a type 2 structure 152, such as shown in fig. 7A and 7B, may use a second multi-layer design embodiment (see fig. 4B) of 0.25 inch (0.635 cm) thick MgO board for the structural building panels 211 of the first structural layer 210/floor bottom side 304, and a 0.5 inch (27 cm) thick MgO board for the structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 211/floor top side 302. Accordingly, in a particular embodiment, a 0.25 inch (0.635 cm) thick, 6 inch (15.24 cm) wide MgO board adhesive strip is used to join the structural building panels 211 of the first structural layer 210/flooring bottom surface 304 together, and a 0.5 inch (1.27 cm) thick, 6 inch (15.24 cm) wide MgO board adhesive strip is used to join the structural building panels 216 of the second structural layer 211/flooring top surface 302 together. Foam panel 214/floor foam panel 314 may be 11.25 inches (28.575 centimeters) thick, resulting in a floor component 300 that is approximately 12 inches (30.48 centimeters) thick.

The floor section 300b including the floor member 300 can be folded to form a compact shipping module. The type 1 structure 151 and the type 2 structure 152 each include such a floor portion.

Referring to the type 1 structure 151 shown in fig. 6B, the floor portion 300a is fixed in position relative to the first wall portion 200B-1 of the short wall member 200B and relative to the long wall members 200a-R, and is connected to the floor portion 300B by a hinge structure so as to allow the floor portion 300B to pivot about a horizontal axis 305 approximately 90 degrees (90 °), located adjacent the floor top surface 302, between a folded position (wherein the floor portion 300B is oriented generally vertically as shown in fig. 3A) and a fully unfolded position as shown in fig. 6A and 6B.

Also, referring to the type 2 structure 152 shown in FIG. 7A, the floor section 300a is fixed in position relative to the first wall section 200s-1, the fourth wall section 200s-4 and the wall members 200 s-R. The manner in which the floor section 300a is connected to the floor section 300b by the hinge structure is the same as described above with respect to the type 1 structure 151.

The hinge structure connecting the floor sections 300a and 300b may be surface-mounted or recessed and have a temporary or permanent nature. Suitable hinge structures may be made of, for example, metal, plastic, leather, iron, or non-ferrous metal materials. Fig. 8 depicts an example of a suitable hinge structure and its associated components. In particular, a plurality of steel hinges 306 (e.g., about 3 inches (7.62 centimeters) wide by about 6 inches (15.24 centimeters) long) are aligned along a horizontal axis 305, with the edges facing upward as shown in fig. 8. Such hinges are commercially available from McMaster-Carr corporation of Douglas ville, Georgia, USA. The hinge structures connecting the floor sections 300a and 300b need not be double hinges, as they need only pivot approximately 90 degrees (90), and thus the likelihood of interference curling is less than that associated with the ceiling portion of the ceiling member 400.

As shown in fig. 8, the opposite blades of the hinge 306 are fixed to inner edge reinforcing plates 307 provided at each of the inner edges 301a and 301b, respectively. The reinforcement plate 307 in fig. 8 is made of laminated plywood plates. As shown in fig. 8, each reinforcement plate 307 is positioned against the exterior of the web of C-channel rails 308 (made of cold-formed steel), each of the C-channel rails 308 in turn being secured to a respective abutting edge of the floor sections 200a and 200 b.

The enclosure perimeter structure including the hinge structure described below provides a further alternative to the hinge structure shown in fig. 8 for connecting the floor sections 300a and 300b, and in particular the first hinge i-beam structure 258 depicted in fig. 13A-13F. As described above, such enclosure perimeter structures may be used in addition to or in place of the inner edge stiffeners.

Dado panels and perimeter panels.An outer edge of the flooring component 300, or a portion thereof, such as the outer edge of the flooring component 300b located along the first longitudinal edge 106 of the finished structure 150, may be provided with a dado panel 310. In a type 1 structure 151 such as shown in FIG. 3A, a dado panel310 are shown secured edge-up to the outer edge of floor section 300 b. When the dado panel 310 extends around the perimeter of the flooring component 300, it is referred to as a perimeter panel 312. A type 2 structure 152 such as that shown in fig. 1B and 3B uses a perimeter plate 312. Preferably, the vertical dimension (height) of the dado panel 310 (including the perimeter panel 312) is greater than the thickness of the flooring component 300.

Floor trough.Optionally, the floor foam panel 314 in the floor component 300 may be provided with floor channels 319, which are a plurality of elongated, spaced-apart cylindrical channels in the floor sections 300a and 300b to facilitate wiring of utility lines (e.g., for power, lighting control, HVAC control, security systems, including powering and communicating with smoke or thermal sensors, etc.). Such floor channels 319 are adapted to communicate with the wall channels 219 (see fig. 7A and 7B). Further details regarding the floor trough 319 for the floor component 300 are described in U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130 entitled "foldable building structure with common aisle and laminated envelope" filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor. The contents of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,130, entitled "foldable building structure with common aisle and stacked enclosures" filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor, are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein, particularly with respect to details of the floor trough 319 such as those found in paragraph 0137-.

Surrounding structure of enclosure part

Preferably, the perimeter (outer edge) of each enclosure 155 (wall member 200, floor member 300, ceiling member 400) and any inner edges of the spaced enclosures 155 are bounded by an enclosure perimeter structure. As described in more detail below, the enclosure perimeter to be used may vary depending on the particular circumstances and preferences.

Sealing layer

Optionally, sealing gasket strips or layers (e.g., made of extruded polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) may be bonded as desired to select the edges of the enclosure 155, such as around the perimeter of the wall section 200 to the floor 220, end sections 270 and ceiling 240. The gasket strip or layer may be coextruded with one or more sealing beads or ridges located near the middle of the strip or layer and oriented along the length of the strip or layer and having a lower durometer than the strip or layer material. Such a sealing strip or layer acts as a seal preventing water from entering the edge of the enclosure 155 to which it is secured and being exposed to the environment.

Self-supporting end cap (221)

The free-standing end cap 221 (edge up profile shown in fig. 10) typically has a C-channel shape with a length "L", where L is about the length of the edge of the planar enclosure 155 to which the free-standing end cap 221 is to be secured. The free-standing end cap 221 has two spaced apart elongated flange surfaces 222, the flange surfaces 222 being connected by an elongated web surface 223 to define a C-shaped groove. The particular profile of the C-shaped groove of the free-standing end cap 221 may be varied as desired to include thickness variations, ridges and/or grooves as appropriate for the intended application.

In the case of securing the free-standing end cover 221 to the planar enclosure member 155, the planar enclosure member 155 comprising two structural layers separated by a filler material (such as a foam panel), the flange surfaces 222 are spaced apart by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the foam panel of the planar enclosure member 155, and the free-standing end cover 221 will be positioned over the planar enclosure member 155 and secured to the planar enclosure member 155. Preferably, the free-standing end cap 221 is made of a high impact resistant material, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) having a high stiffness that is extruded and then cut into sections of length L to form the free-standing end cap 221.

Preferably, the free-standing end caps 221 are secured to the desired edge locations of one or more of the enclosure assemblies 155 during manufacture of the enclosure assemblies 155 in a factory or workshop prior to shipment to the construction site. For example, when the planar enclosure 155 comprises two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the free-standing end cap 221 is positioned on the edge of the foam panel, the length L of the free-standing end cap 221 being approximately equal to the length of the edge of the enclosure 155 in question, such that the web surface 223 abuts or is immediately adjacent to the edge of the foam panel. The two structural layers are then positioned on the foam to overlap a substantial portion of the flange surface 222, with positioning ridges 229 on the exterior of each flange surface 222 to facilitate proper overlap and alignment of the structural layers. For example, the free-standing end cap 221 may be secured in place by an adhesive applied between the overlapping regions of the free-standing end cap 221 and the enclosure 155 or by fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners), spaced along the length of one or more of the flange surface 222 and the web surface 223, and driven through the flange surface 222 and the web surface 223 into the enclosure 155, or by using any combination of adhesives and fasteners, or otherwise. The free-standing end cap 221 acts as a seal to prevent water from entering the edge of the enclosure 155 to which it is secured and being exposed to the environment.

Reinforcing end cap (224)

The edge of the planar enclosure 155 to which the free-standing end cap 221 is secured may be provided with an outer edge reinforcement made of one or more laminated plywood sheets, wood panels, C-channel extruded aluminum or steel, or the like, secured to the outer edge of the enclosure 155, as previously described. Alternatively, where appropriate, the edges of the planar enclosure 155 to which the free-standing end cap 221 is secured may terminate at the foam panel 214 without the need to provide such outer edge reinforcement.

As another alternative, the outer edge reinforcement may be integrated into the end cap, thereby combining the sealing and edge reinforcement functions. Referring to fig. 11, a profile side view of a reinforced end cap 224 is shown, the reinforced end cap 224 being used in place of the free-standing end cap 221. The reinforcing end cap 224 generally has a C-channel shape with a length "L", where L is approximately the length of the edge of the planar enclosure 155 to which the free-standing end cap 221 is to be secured. The reinforcing end cap 224 has two spaced apart elongated flange surfaces 225, the flange surfaces 225 being connected by an elongated web surface 226 to define a C-shaped channel. In the case of securing the reinforcing end cap 224 to the planar enclosure member 155, the planar enclosure member 155 comprising two structural layers separated by a filler material (such as a foam panel), the flange surfaces 225 are spaced apart by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the foam panel of the planar enclosure member 155 on which the reinforcing end cap 224 will be located and to which the planar enclosure member 155 will be secured. As with the free-standing end cap 221, the particular profile of the C-channel of the reinforcing end cap 224 may be varied as desired to include thickness variations, ridges and/or grooves as appropriate for the intended application.

The reinforced end cap 224 includes a reinforced channel 228, shown in a contoured side view in FIG. 11, for providing additional structural rigidity. In particular, the reinforcement channel 228 is a four-sided enclosed space having a generally rectangular configuration in cross-section and defined by cavity walls 227 spaced from the web surface 226, the cavity walls 227 being oriented generally parallel to the web surface 226 and spanning the distance between the flange surfaces 225.

When further structural reinforcement is desired, a filler reinforcement may be inserted or formed in the reinforcement channel 228. The infill reinforcement may comprise rectangular or other suitably shaped laminated plywood panels, wood panels, aluminium or steel inserts or sleeves, or expanded foam, concrete or even reinforced concrete or other materials. As another example of the stuffing reinforcement, the waste foam and/or waste MgO plate, which may be a by-product of manufacturing the enclosure part 155, may be further cut into a suitable size to be used as an insert or a sleeve, or may be cut into small pieces and mixed with an epoxy adhesive to form a slurry, and then the slurry is poured into the reinforcement channel 228. When dry, the material provides a suitable medium for retaining fasteners for securing the enclosure components in position relative to each other.

In general, the use of reinforcement channels 228 without or with additional filler reinforcements as described above may reduce or eliminate the need for positioning and securing outer edge reinforcements to the edges of the planar enclosure 155 to which the reinforcement end cap 224 is to be secured.

Preferably, the reinforcing end cap 224 is made of a high impact material, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) having a high stiffness, which is cut into sections of length L after extrusion to form the reinforcing end cap 224.

Preferably, the reinforcing end caps 224 are secured to the desired edge locations of one or more of the enclosure assemblies 155 during manufacture of the enclosure assemblies 155 in a factory or workshop prior to shipment to the construction site. For example, when the planar enclosure 155 comprises two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the reinforcing end cap 224 is positioned on the edge of the foam panel, the length L of the reinforcing end cap 224 being approximately equal to the length of the edge of the enclosure 155 in question, such that the cavity wall 227 abuts or is immediately adjacent to the edge of the foam panel. The two structural layers are then positioned on the foam to overlap a substantial portion of the flange surface 225, with positioning ridges 229 positioned on the exterior of each flange surface 222 to facilitate proper overlap and alignment of the structural layers. For example, the reinforcing end caps 224 may be secured in place by adhesive applied between the overlapping regions of the reinforcing end caps 224 and the enclosure 155 or by fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners), spaced along the length of one or more flange surfaces 225, and driven through the flange surfaces 225 into the enclosure 155, or by using any combination of adhesives and fasteners, or otherwise. As described above, the reinforcing end cap 224 serves an edge reinforcing function and a sealing function, and prevents water from entering the edge of the enclosure 155 to which it is fixed and being exposed to the environment.

Although described in detail in connection with the reinforcing end cap 224, the other enclosure perimeter structures described below (abutting end cap 235, first hinge i-beam structure 258, second hinge i-beam structure 268, tongue and groove hinge structure 242) may also use similar reinforcing structures (with or without filler reinforcement), i.e., cavity walls spaced apart from the elongate web, wherein the cavity walls are oriented substantially parallel to the web and span the distance between the associated elongate flanges to define a reinforcing channel having a substantially closed rectangular configuration in cross-section.

Adjacent end cap (235)

The abutting end cap 235 of the profile side view shown in fig. 12 generally has a C-shaped channel shape with a length "L", where L is the length of the edge of the enclosure 155 to which the end cap 235 is secured. The abutting end cap 235 has two spaced apart elongated flange surfaces 236 and an elongated web surface 237 that generally define a C-shaped groove. The particular profile of the C-shaped groove adjacent the end cap 235 may be varied as desired to include thickness variations, ridges and/or grooves as appropriate for the intended application. In the case of securing the abutment end cap 235 to a planar containment member 155 comprising two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the flange surfaces 236 are spaced apart by a distance approximately equal to the foam panel thickness of the planar containment member 155 on which the abutment end cap 235 is to be positioned and to which the planar containment member 155 is to be secured. Preferably, the abutting end cap 235 is made of a high impact material, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) having a high stiffness, which is cut into sections of length L after extrusion to form the abutting end cap 235.

The web surface 237 adjacent the end cap 235 is not directly connected to each flange surface 236. Instead, a tilt fastener bracket 239 shown in fig. 12 is interposed between each flange surface 236 and the web surface 237. The fastener bracket 239 allows a plurality of spaced apart fasteners (such as nail or screw fasteners) to be driven down through the abutment end cap 235 into the planar enclosure 155 that may abut the web surface 237, thereby securing the abutment end cap 235 to the planar enclosure 155. The regions of each flange surface 236 adjacent the fastener shelf 239 are angled inwardly toward one another at a selected angle as shown in fig. 12 to provide access to the fastener shelf 239 and thereby reduce the footprint of the adjacent end cap 235 while reducing the width of the overall web surface 237 as compared to positioning the fastener shelf 239 outwardly from the full-plane flange surface 236. Preferably, the region of each flange surface 236 adjacent the fastener carriage 239 slopes inwardly toward each other at about 30 degrees (30 °) from the plane of its adjacent flange surface 236, and each fastener carriage 239 slopes at about 60 degrees (60 °) from the plane of its adjacent flange surface 236.

The abutting end cap 235 performs a sealing function to prevent water from entering the edge of the enclosure 155 to which it is secured and from being exposed to the environment. In addition, the abutting end cap 235 may also provide a sealing function preventing water from entering through the boundary of the abutting enclosure 155. Thus, as shown in fig. 12, the exterior of the web surface 237 may be provided with a plurality of receiving slots 241 for receiving the sealing beads 234 to form a watertight seal between the web abutting end cap 235 and the abutting planar containment component. In another embodiment, a sealing bead is co-extruded with the abutting end cap 235 at a location proximate to the receiving groove 241.

The abutting end caps 235 are preferably secured to the one or more containment assemblies 155 at desired edge locations during manufacture of the one or more containment assemblies 155 in a factory or workshop prior to shipment to the construction site. For example, when the planar enclosure 155 comprises two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the abutting end cap 235 is positioned on the edge of the foam panel, the length "L" of the abutting end cap 235 being approximately equal to the length of the edge of the enclosure 155 in question, such that the web surface 237 abuts or is immediately adjacent to the edge of the foam. Two structural layers are then positioned over the foam to overlap a majority of the flange surface 236. As shown in FIG. 12, locating ridges 229 are located on the exterior of each flange surface 236 to facilitate proper overlap and alignment of the structural layers. For example, the abutment end cap 235 may be secured to the enclosure 155 by adhesive applied between overlapping regions of the abutment end cap 235 and the enclosure 155 or by fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners), spaced along the length of one or more of the flange surface 236 and the web surface 237, and driven through the flange surface 236 and the web surface 237 into the enclosure 155, or by using any combination of the above-described adhesives and fasteners, or otherwise.

First hinge joint I-beam structure (258)

A first articulating i-beam structure 258 is shown in fig. 13A-13F. It provides a means for pivotally connecting two adjacent enclosure members 155 or two adjacent portions of the enclosure members 155 so as to be pivotable relative to each other at least up to 90 degrees (90). The first hinged i-beam structure 258 may also provide a sealing function to prevent water from entering the edges of two adjacent containment components 155 or two adjacent portions of containment components 155 to which it is secured and being exposed to the environment, and may provide a sealing function to prevent water from entering across the boundary between the two edges.

The first articulating i-beam structure 258 includes a first elongated peripheral section 259 of length "L" and a second elongated peripheral section 263 also of length "L"; where L is the length of each edge of the enclosure 155, the first 259 and second 263 peripheral sections will be secured to the enclosure 155, respectively, to pivotally connect these sections together.

In particular, fig. 13A illustrates the profile of the first peripheral section 259 of the first articulating i-beam structure 258. The first perimeter section 259 is defined by two spaced apart elongated flange surfaces 260 and an elongated web surface 261. One flange surface 260 (i.e., flange surface 260a) is connected to web surface 261 at a first connection, and the other flange surface 260 (i.e., flange surface 260b) is connected to web surface 261 at a second connection. In the case of securing the first perimeter section 259 to the planar enclosure member 155, the planar enclosure member 155 includes two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the width of the web surface 261 (the distance separating the flange surfaces 260a and 260b) being slightly greater than the thickness of the foam panel to which it is to be secured, as explained in further detail below. First peripheral section 259 generally forms a C-shaped slot in cross-section.

In contrast to the first peripheral section 259 of the first articulating i-beam structure 258, the second peripheral section 263 (shown in profile side view in fig. 13) is defined by two spaced apart elongated flange surfaces 264 and an elongated web surface 265. One of the flange surfaces 264 (i.e., the flange surface 264a) is connected to the web surface 265 at a third connection portion, and the other of the flange surfaces 264 (i.e., the flange surface 264b) is connected to the web surface 265 at a fourth connection portion. Wherein the second peripheral section 263 is to be secured to the planar containment component 155, the planar containment component 155 comprising two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the width of the web surface 265 (the distance separating the flange surfaces 264a and 264b) being slightly greater than the thickness of the foam panel to which it is to be secured, as explained in further detail below. The second peripheral section 263 generally forms a C-shaped groove in cross-section. Preferably, first peripheral section 259 and second peripheral section 263 each have substantially the same shape and size.

As shown in fig. 13A-13F, the first peripheral section 259 has a first series of hinge knuckles 267a of length L at a first connection proximate the flange surface 260a and the web surface 261, and a second series of hinge knuckles 267b of length L at a second connection proximate the flange surface 260b and the web surface 261. Preferably, the geometry of the hinge joints 267a and 267b are identical to each other. Likewise, the second peripheral section 263 has a first series of hinge knuckles 266a at a third connection near the flange surface 264a and the web surface 265, and a second series of hinge knuckles 266b at a fourth connection near the flange surface 264b and the web surface 265. Preferably, the geometry of hinge joints 266a and 266b are identical to each other, and also identical to hinge joints 267a and 267 b. It is particularly preferred that the hinge knuckles 267a and 267b of the first peripheral section 259 each have a length D and are spaced apart by the same distance D, and it is particularly preferred that the hinge knuckles 266a and 266b of the second peripheral section 263 also have a length D and are spaced apart by the same distance D. Fig. 13D shows a hinge articulation arrangement having a second peripheral section 263 of length L. As shown in this figure, each hinge joint 267a is in an overlapping relationship (vertically aligned) with a respective hinge joint 267b, and each space between an adjacent pair of hinge joints 267a is in an overlapping relationship (vertically aligned) with a respective space between an adjacent pair of hinge joints 267 b.

As shown in fig. 13B and 13E, hinge knuckles 267a and 266a are engaged and connected to each other by a first series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 of overall length L to form a pivotable connection between first peripheral section 259 and second peripheral section 263. This pivotal connection enables the first articulating i-beam structure 258 to rotate at least 90 degrees (90 °) to a fully open (deployed) position, as shown in fig. 13C and 13F. The hinge knuckles 266b and 267b are positioned such that the hinge knuckles 266b and 267b engage each other when the first articulating i-beam structure 258 is fully open. When so interengaged, a second series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 of overall length L may be passed through the hinge knuckles 267b and 266b to lock the second articulating i-beam structure 258 in the fully open position, as shown in fig. 13E-13F.

Preferably, the first series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 are connected end to end by a threaded connection such that the steel rods 233 act as a single continuous rod better resisting tensile loads. Also preferably, the second series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 are connected in a similar manner. In one embodiment of the first articulating i-beam structure 258, the first series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 and the second series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 have a diameter of about 0.625 inches (1.5875 centimeters).

The design of the first peripheral section 259 and the second peripheral section 263 is such that when the first hinged i-beam structure 258 is fully open, the web surfaces 261 and 265 are in contact, as shown in fig. 13C and 13F. This contact relationship contributes to the weather resistance of the seal structure. To accomplish this, as shown, for example, in fig. 13A, the outer surface of each of the web surfaces 261 and 265 may be provided with a plurality of receiving grooves 241 for receiving sealing beads (not shown) to form a watertight seal between the web surfaces. In an alternative embodiment, the sealing bead may be co-extruded with the perimeter section itself at the same time at a location proximate to receiving groove 241. In general, the particular profile of the C-shaped grooves of first peripheral section 259 and second peripheral section 263 may be varied as desired to include thickness variations, ridges and/or grooves as appropriate for the intended application.

The first peripheral section 259 and the second peripheral section 263 of the first folded i-beam structure 258 are manufactured by an extrusion process, such as pultrusion, in which a suitable material (in the case of pultrusion, a glass fiber reinforced polymer plastic) is drawn through a suitably shaped die to form a workpiece of a web/flange structure generally having peripheral sections. As part of the drawing process, cylindrical conduits may be formed in the workpiece at desired locations proximate the first/third and second/fourth connections, and then portions of length D may be machined into the conduits at intervals of spaced apart length D to form a series of hinge joints. Alternatively, the workpiece may be stretched without such a cylindrical conduit followed by spacing of the fixed length D tubular sections at intervals of the spaced length D to form a series of hinge joints. After stretching, the workpiece is divided into segmented workpieces of length L to create the desired peripheral sections of the first folded i-beam structure 258. Where first peripheral section 259 and second peripheral section 263 have the same geometry, the work pieces being segmented are preferably interchangeable and may be used as one or the other of first peripheral section 259 and second peripheral section 263. However, when mating any two workpieces to form the first folded i-beam structure 258, their staggered relationship must be considered; thus, for example, when dividing two workpieces into peripheral sections of length L having hinge joints of length D spaced apart by length D, a first of the two workpieces may be segmented at the point where the hinge joint begins and, accordingly, a second of the two workpieces should be segmented at the point where the spaced apart spacing of length D begins.

The first folded i-beam structure 258 may be secured to two adjacent containment assemblies 155 or to two adjacent portions of the containment assemblies 155 that are intended to have a folded relationship in the shipping module 100. In fig. 13C, two adjacent containment components 155 are designated 155a and 155 b; as shown, each containment component 155a, 155b has a first structural layer 210a, 210b, a foam panel 214a, 214b, and a second structural layer 215a, 215b, respectively. The first folded i-beam structure 258 has a length "L" (L being approximately equal to the length of the edge involved by the two adjacent containment sections 155a and 155 b). As seen in fig. 13C, the first and second perimeter sections 259, 263 are sized to capture the foam panels 214a, 214b of the respective containment components 155a, 155b between their respective flange surfaces 260, 264 such that the web surfaces 261, 265 abut or are proximate to the edges of the foam panels 214a, 214b, respectively. Adjacent first structural layers 210a and 210b are then positioned to overlap a majority of the upper flange surfaces 260, 264, respectively, with positioning ridges 229, as shown in fig. 13C, positioned on those upper flange surfaces to facilitate proper alignment and overlap of the first structural layers 210a, 210 b. Further, where the lower flange surfaces 260 and 264 are used to capture the adjacent second structural layers 215a, 215b of the containment components 155a, 155b, as shown in fig. 13C, there is no need to provide a locating ridge 229 on the lower flange surfaces 260, 264.

The first and second perimeter sections 259, 263 may each be secured to the respective enclosure component 155 by, for example, adhesive applied between the overlapping regions of the first and second perimeter sections 259, 263 and the respective enclosure component 155 or by fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners), spaced along the length of one or more of the flange surfaces 260, 264 and web surfaces 261, 265, and driven through the flange surfaces 260, 264 and web surfaces 261, 265 into the respective enclosure component 155, or by using a combination of adhesive and fasteners, in any of the ways previously described, or otherwise. Once secured to their respective enclosure members 155, the associated components may be rotated to a fully folded state to form the shipping module 100, and also rotated to a fully unfolded state when the completed structure 150 is in its intended position.

Second articulated I-beam structure (268)

Fig. 14A-14F illustrate a second articulating i-beam structure 268. It provides a means for pivotally connecting two adjacent containment members 155 or two adjacent portions of the containment members 155 so that they can be pivoted up to 180 degrees (180) relative to each other without creating an interference curl between the adjacent members or portions. The second hinged i-beam structure 268 may also provide a sealing function to prevent water from entering the edges of two adjacent containment components 155 or two adjacent portions of containment components 155 to which it is secured and being exposed to the environment, and may provide a sealing function to prevent water from entering across the boundary between the two edges.

The second articulating i-beam structure 268 includes a first elongated peripheral section 269 (shown in profile side view in fig. 14A) of length "L", where L is the length of each edge of the containment member 155, and a second elongated peripheral section 274 also having a length "L", on each of which the first and second peripheral sections 269, 274 will be positioned, respectively, to pivotally connect the sections together.

In particular, with reference to fig. 14A, the first peripheral section 269 of the second articulating i-beam structure 268 is defined by two spaced apart elongate flange surfaces 271 and an elongate web surface 272. One flange surface 271 (i.e., flange surface 271a) is connected to the web surface 272 at a first connection portion, and the other flange surface 271 (i.e., flange surface 271b) is connected to the web surface 272 at a second connection portion. In the case of securing the first peripheral section 269 to the planar enclosure 155, the planar enclosure 155 comprises two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the flange surfaces 271a, 271b are spaced apart by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the foam panel of the planar enclosure 155, the first peripheral section 269 will be located on the enclosure 155 and it will be secured to the enclosure 155 such that the first peripheral section 269 forms a C-shaped groove in cross-section.

In contrast to the first peripheral section 269, the second peripheral section 274 (shown in profile side view in fig. 14A) of the second articulating i-beam structure 268 is defined by two spaced apart elongate flange surfaces 277 and an elongate web surface 278. One flange surface 277 (i.e., flange surface 277a) is connected to web surface 278 at a third connection, and the other flange surface 277 (i.e., flange surface 277b) is connected to web surface 278 at a fourth connection. The planar enclosure member 155 also includes two separate foam panel structure layers with the second peripheral section 274 secured to the planar enclosure member 155. 277a, 277b are spaced apart a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the foam panel of the planar enclosure 155 and the second peripheral section 274 will be located on the enclosure 155 and it will be secured to the enclosure 155 so that the second peripheral section 74 forms a C-shaped groove in cross section. Preferably, the first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 each have substantially the same shape and size.

As shown in fig. 14E and 14F, the first peripheral section 269 has a first series of hinge knuckles 273a of length L at a first connection proximate one of the flange surface 271 and the web surface 272, and a second series of hinge knuckles 273b of length L at a second connection proximate one of the flange surface 271 and the web surface 272. Preferably, the geometry of the hinge knuckles 273a and 273b are identical to each other. Likewise, the second peripheral section 274 has a first series of hinge knuckles 279a near the third connection of the flange surface 277 and the web surface 278, and a second series of hinge knuckles 279b near the fourth connection of the flange surface 277 and the web surface 278. Preferably, the geometry of the hinge joints 279a and 279b is the same as each other and also the hinge joints 273a and 273 b. It is particularly preferred that the hinge knuckles 273a and 273b of the first peripheral section 269 each have a length D and are spaced apart by the same distance D, and it is particularly preferred that the hinge knuckles 279a and 279b of the second peripheral section 274 also have a length D and are spaced apart by the same distance D, as shown in fig. 14F.

As shown in fig. 14E and 14F, the plurality of series of hinge knuckles 273a and 279a do not intermesh, but are mated in an abutting relationship. The present invention provides a spacer link 280 having a length less than or approximately equal to the distance D, the spacer link 280 being located between each adjacent pair of hinge knuckles 273a and 279 a. The spacer connector 280 has two spaced holes 281, as shown in FIG. 14A, that have a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the hinge knuckles 273a and 279 a. A first series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 of total length L pass through the hinge knuckles 273a and one hole 281 in each of the spaced connectors 280 between the hinge knuckles, and a second series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 of total length L pass through the hinge knuckles 279a and another hole 281 in each of the spaced connectors 280 between the hinge knuckles. Preferably, the first series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods are end-to-end threaded such that the steel rods 233 act as a single continuous rod better resisting tensile loads. Also preferably, a second series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 are connected in a similar manner. In one embodiment of the second articulating i-beam structure 268, the first series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 and the second series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 have a diameter of about 0.625 inches (1.5875 centimeters).

The aforementioned arrangement of joints and spaced connections forms a hinged pivotable connection between the first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 that can be rotated up to 180 degrees (180 °) from a fully folded position as shown in fig. 14D (the outer surfaces of web surfaces 272 and 278 form flush surfaces) to a fully open (unfolded) position as shown in fig. 14C. The hinge knuckles 273b and 279b are positioned such that, when the second I-beam structure 268 is fully open, the hinge knuckles 273b and 279b intermesh as shown in FIGS. 14C and 14E. When so interengaged, a third series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 (see fig. 14F) of overall length L may be passed through the hinge knuckles 273a and 279a to lock the second articulating i-beam structure 268 in the fully open position. As with the first series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 and the second series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233, preferably the third series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 are connected end to end by a threaded connection so that the steel rods 233 act as a single continuous rod better resisting tensile loads. In one embodiment of the second articulating i-beam structure 268, the third series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 have a diameter of about 0.625 inches (1.5875 centimeters).

The first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 are designed such that when the second articulating i-beam structure 268 is fully opened, the web surfaces 272 and 278 are in contact, as shown in fig. 14C and 14E. This contact relationship contributes to the weather resistance of the seal structure. To accomplish this, as shown, for example, in fig. 13A, the outer surface of each of the web surfaces 261 and 265 may be provided with a plurality of receiving grooves 241 for receiving sealing beads (not shown) to form a watertight seal between the web surfaces. In an alternative embodiment, the sealing bead may be co-extruded with the perimeter section itself at the same time at a location proximate to receiving groove 241. In general, the particular profile of the C-shaped grooves of first perimeter section 269 and second perimeter section 274 may be varied as desired to include thickness variations, ridges and/or grooves as appropriate for the intended application.

The first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 of the second folded i-beam structure 268 are fabricated by an extrusion process, such as pultrusion, in which a suitable material (in the case of pultrusion, a glass fiber reinforced polymer plastic) is drawn through a suitably shaped die to form a workpiece of a web/flange structure generally having a perimeter section. As part of the drawing process, cylindrical conduits may be formed in the workpiece at desired locations proximate the first/third and second/fourth connections, and then portions of length D may be machined into the conduits at intervals of spaced apart length D to form a series of hinge joints. Alternatively, the workpiece may be stretched without such a cylindrical conduit followed by spacing of the fixed length D tubular sections at intervals of the spaced length D to form a series of hinge joints. After stretching, the workpiece is divided into segmented workpieces of length L to create the desired perimeter sections of the second folded i-beam structure 268. Where the first 269 and second 274 peripheral sections have the same geometry, the divided workpieces are preferably interchangeable and may be used as one or the other of the first 269 and second 274 peripheral sections. In each case, however, and for purposes of example, referring to the first peripheral section 269 in fig. 14F, the hinge joint 273b (length D) is not vertically aligned with the hinge joint 273a (length D), but is longitudinally displaced relative to the hinge joint 273a by an offset distance Φ of D/2, as shown in fig. 14F. Likewise, the hinge joint 279b (length D) is not vertically aligned with the hinge joint 279a, but is longitudinally displaced by the same offset distance φ of D/2 relative to the hinge joint 279a (length D).

The second folded i-beam structure 268 may be secured to two adjacent containment assemblies 155 or to two adjacent portions of the containment assemblies 155 that are configured to have a folded relationship in the shipping module 100. In fig. 14C, two adjacent containment members 155 are designated 155a and 155 b; as shown, each containment component 155a, 155b has a first structural layer 210a, 210b, a foam panel 214a, 214b, and a second structural layer 215a, 215b, respectively. The second folded i-beam structure 268 has a length "L" (L being approximately equal to the length of the edge involved by the two adjacent containment members 155a and 155 b). As seen in fig. 14C, the first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 are sized to capture the foam panels 214a, 214b of the respective containment components 155a, 155b between their respective flange surfaces 271, 277 such that the web surfaces 272 and 278 abut or are proximate to the edges of the foam panels 214a, 214b, respectively. Adjacent first structural layers 210a and 210b are then positioned to overlap a majority of the upper flange surfaces 271, 277, respectively, with positioning ridges 281, as shown in fig. 14C, positioned on those lower flange surfaces to facilitate proper alignment and overlap of the second structural layers 215a, 215 b.

The first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 may each be secured to the respective containment component 155 by, for example, adhesive applied between the overlapping regions of the first perimeter section 269 and the second perimeter section 274 and the respective containment component 155 or by fasteners (such as screws or nail fasteners), spaced along the length of one or more of the flange surfaces 271, 277 and web surfaces 272 and 278, and driven through the flange surfaces 271, 277 and web surfaces 272 and 278 into the respective containment component 155, or by using a combination of adhesive and fasteners, in any of the ways previously described, or otherwise. Once secured to their respective enclosure members 155, the associated components may be rotated to a fully folded state to form the shipping module 100, and also rotated to a fully unfolded state when the completed structure 150 is in its intended position.

Mortise hinge structure (242)

A profile side view of the tongue and groove hinge arrangement 242 is shown in fig. 15. It provides a means for pivotally connecting two adjacent enclosure members 155 or two adjacent portions of the enclosure members 155 so as to be pivotable relative to each other at least up to 90 degrees (90). The tongue and groove hinge structure 242 may also provide a sealing function preventing water from entering and being exposed to the environment at the edges of two adjacent enclosure sections 155 or two adjacent portions of the enclosure sections 155 to which the tongue and groove hinge structure 242 is fixed, and may provide a sealing function preventing water from entering across the boundary between the two edges.

The tongue and groove hinge structure 242 includes an elongated first perimeter section 243 of length "L", where L is the length of each edge of two adjacent enclosure members 155, and an elongated second perimeter section 249 of length "L", where the first perimeter section 243 and the second perimeter section 249 will be positioned on the enclosure members 155, respectively, to pivotally connect the sections together.

In particular, with reference to fig. 15, a first perimeter section 243 (shown in profile side view in fig. 15) of the tongue and groove hinge structure 242 is defined by two spaced apart elongate flange surfaces 244 and an elongate web surface 245. One flange surface 244 (i.e., flange surface 244a) is connected to web surface 245 at a first connection 246, and the other flange surface 244 (i.e., flange surface 244b) is connected to web surface 245 at a second connection 247. In the case of securing the first peripheral section 243 to the planar enclosure member 155, the planar enclosure member 155 comprises two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the flange surfaces 244a, 244b are spaced apart by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the foam panel of the planar enclosure member 155, the first peripheral section 243 will be located on the enclosure member 155 and will be secured to the enclosure member 155 such that the first peripheral section 269 forms a C-shaped groove in cross-section.

In contrast to the first peripheral section 243 of the tongue and groove hinge structure 242, a second peripheral section 249 (shown in profile side view in fig. 15) is defined by two spaced apart elongate flange surfaces 250 and an elongate web surface 251. One flange surface 250 (i.e., flange surface 250a) is connected to the web surface 251 at the third connection portion 252, and the other flange surface 250 (i.e., flange surface 250b) is connected to the web surface 251 at the fourth connection portion 253. In the case of securing the second peripheral section 249 to the planar enclosure member 155, the planar enclosure member 155 further includes two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the flange surfaces 250a, 250b are spaced apart by a distance approximately equal to the thickness of the foam panel of the planar enclosure member 155, the second peripheral section 249 will be located on the enclosure member 155 and will be secured to the enclosure member 155 such that the second peripheral section 249 forms a C-shaped groove in cross-section.

Referring to fig. 15, the first peripheral section 243 has a first series of hinge knuckles formed along the first connection 246 and the second peripheral section 249 has a second series of hinge knuckles formed along the third connection 252. The two series of hinge knuckles are intermeshed and connected by a series of cylindrical steel rods 233 in a linear arrangement to form a total length L of pivotable connection between the first perimeter section 243 and the second perimeter section 249 that is capable of being rotated upwardly at least 90 degrees (90 °). Preferably, the series of linearly arranged cylindrical steel rods 233 are connected end to end by a threaded connection such that the steel rods 233 act as a single continuous rod better resisting tensile loads. In one embodiment of the tongue and groove hinge structure 242, the series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 have a diameter of about 0.625 inches (1.5875 centimeters).

Referring again to FIG. 15, an elongated tongue and groove seal portion 254 is provided adjacent the second joint 247 of the first peripheral section 243 (a profile side view is shown in FIG. 15), and an elongated tongue and groove seal portion 255 is provided adjacent the fourth joint 253 of the second peripheral section 249 (a profile side view is shown in FIG. 15). Tongue and groove sealing portions 254 and 255 are aligned approximately tangentially with a radius centered on first joint 246, respectively, such that when first circumferential section 243 and second circumferential section 249 are rotated relative to each other, they engage in a mating relationship such that second joint 247 and fourth joint 253 approach.

The particular profile of the C-shaped groove of the first and second peripheral sections 243, 249 of the tongue and groove hinge structure 242 may be varied as desired to include thickness variations, ridges and/or grooves as appropriate for the intended application. Thus, in fig. 15, the outer surface of the web surface 245 (i.e. the face remote from the edge of the enclosure 155 to which the first peripheral section 243 is to be secured) is provided with a plurality of receiving slots 248 for receiving one or more sealing beads 234, and to form a watertight seal, when the first and second peripheral sections 243, 249 are rotated relative to each other, the sealing beads 234 are pressed against the web surface 251 so that the elongate tongue and groove sealing portions 254, 255 are in a mating relationship. In an alternative embodiment, the sealing bead is co-extruded with the first perimeter section 243 at a location proximate to the receiving slot 248. In an alternative embodiment, one or more sealing beads may be provided adjacent one or more of the elongated tongue and groove sealing portion 254, 255 to form a watertight seal when the first and second peripheral sections 243, 249 are rotated relative to each other such that the elongated tongue and groove sealing portions 254, 255 are in a mating relationship.

The first and second peripheral sections 243, 249 of the tongue and groove hinge structure 242 may be manufactured by an extrusion process, such as pultrusion, in which a suitable material (in the case of pultrusion, a glass fiber reinforced polymer plastic) is drawn through a suitably shaped die to form a workpiece of web/flange construction generally having peripheral sections. The stretching process may include forming a cylindrical conduit that would be a hinge joint, as described above, which may be added after the stretching process, depending on preference. Similarly, elongated tongue and groove seal portions 254 and 255 may be manufactured in a similar manner, limited to a particular seal design or other preference.

The tongue and groove hinge structure 242 may be secured to two adjacent enclosure components 155 or to two adjacent portions of the enclosure components 155 intended to have the two adjacent portions in a folded relationship in the shipping module 100. For example, where a first perimeter section 243 is secured to the planar enclosure 155, the enclosure 155 comprises two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the first perimeter section 243 being positioned over an edge of the foam panel, the length L of the first perimeter section 243 being approximately equal to the length of the edge of the enclosure 155 in question, such that the web surface 245 abuts or is in close proximity to the edge of the foam. The two structural layers are then positioned on the foam and overlap a substantial portion of the flange surface 244, with the positioning ridges 229 being located on the exterior of the flange surface 244 adjacent the first connection 246 and the positioning ridges 229 being located adjacent the tongue and groove structure 254 to facilitate proper overlap and alignment of the structural layers.

Likewise, with the associated second peripheral section 249 secured to the planar enclosure 155, the enclosure 155 includes two structural layers separated by a foam panel, the second peripheral section 249 being positioned over an edge of the foam panel, the length L of the second peripheral section 249 being approximately equal to the length of the edge of the enclosure 155 in question, such that the web surface 251 abuts or is immediately adjacent to the edge of the foam. The two structural layers are then positioned on the foam and overlap a substantial portion of the flange surface 250, the positioning ridges 229 are positioned on the outside of the flange surface 250 proximate the third connecting portion 252, and the positioning ridges 229 are positioned proximate the tongue and groove structure 255, facilitating proper overlap and alignment of the structural layers.

The first and second peripheral sections 243, 249 may each be secured to the respective enclosure component 155 by, for example, adhesive applied between the overlapping regions of the first and second peripheral sections 243, 249 and the respective enclosure component 155 or by fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners), spaced along the length of one or more of the flange surfaces 244, 250 and web surfaces 245, 251, and driven through the flange surfaces 244, 250 and web surfaces 245, 251 into the respective enclosure component 155, or by using a combination of adhesive and fasteners, in any of the ways previously described, or otherwise. Once secured to their respective enclosure members 155, these members may be rotated to a fully folded state to form the shipping module 100 and also rotated to a fully unfolded state when the completed structure 150 is in its intended position.

Exemplary arrangement of enclosure perimeter

The exploded view in fig. 16 of a type 2 structure 152 shown in fig. 16 provides an exemplary arrangement of the enclosure perimeter described herein. In particular, the tongue and groove structure 242 may be used to pivotally connect the wall section 200s-1 to the wall section 200s-2, the wall section 200s-2 to the wall section 200s-3, and the wall section 200s-4 to the wall section 200 s-5. As also shown in fig. 16, a first articulating i-beam structure 258 may be used to pivotally connect the floor section 300a to the floor section 300b, and a second articulating i-beam structure 268 may be used to pivotally connect the ceiling section 400a to the ceiling section 400b, and the ceiling section 400b to the ceiling section 400 c.

As further shown in FIG. 16, the abutting end caps 235 may, in turn, be used to close the top and bottom horizontal edges of the wall members 200s-R, the top and bottom horizontal edges of the wall sections 200s-1 through 200s-5, the top edge of the wall members 200s-P, the vertical edges of the wall sections 200s-1 and 200s-4 adjacent to the wall members 200s-R, and the two vertical edges of the wall sections 200s-3 and 200s-5 adjacent to the wall members 200 s-P. Still further, the otherwise exposed horizontal outer edges of the ceiling sections 400a, 400b and 400c, which generally coincide with the first longitudinal edge 406, the first transverse edge 408 and the second transverse edge 410 of the ceiling member 400, and the two otherwise exposed vertical edges of the wall members 200s-P, may be closed with the free-standing end caps 221 (or the reinforcing end caps 224), as shown in fig. 16.

Containment component relationships and assemblies for transportation

For ease of transportation and maximum design flexibility, it is preferred that there be a particular dimensional relationship between the enclosure assemblies 155.

Fig. 2A shows a top view of a structure 151 of the type 1 shown in fig. 1A and includes a geometrically orthogonal grid to clearly explain the preferred dimensional relationships between the enclosure members 155. In fig. 2A, the basic length for sizing is denoted as "E"; in fig. 2A, the orthogonal grid is superimposed by length 24E and width 12E, and the relative dimensions of the components are shown.

More particularly, in fig. 2A, the two long wall members 200a are about 24E long and the two short wall members 200b are about 12E long. Each of the ceiling portions 400a, 400b and 400c is 24E long and 4E wide. Two floor sections 300a and 300b of a type 1 structure 151 are shown in fig. 2A and 3A. Each floor member 300a and 300b is 24E long; while floor component 300a is approximately 4E wide and floor component 300b is approximately 8E wide.

The shipping module 100 shown in fig. 3A for a type 1 structure 151 is edge up and generally includes a fixed space portion 102 defined by two first wall portions 200b-1 of a ceiling member 400a, a floor member 300a, long wall members 200a-R and short wall members 200 b. As shown in fig. 2A, the remaining two portions of the short wall member 200b (i.e., the second wall portion 200b-2) are folded inwardly and positioned against the fixed space portion 102 (when so folded and positioned, identified in fig. 2A as wall portions 200b-2 f). The deployment of the three ceiling sections 400a, 400b and 400c of the type 1 structure 151 is shown in FIG. 1A. Fig. 3A, shipping module 100 for type 1 structure 151 shows ceiling members 400b and 400c stacked on top of ceiling member 400a, the ceiling member 400a partially defining the fixed space portion 102. As shown in fig. 2A-3A, the long wall members 200a-P are pivotally secured to the floor section 300b at the location of the horizontal axis 105 and are positioned vertically against the outside of the second wall section 200 b-2. Further, the floor portion 300b is vertically positioned near the fixing space portion 102, and the long wall members 200a-P are suspended (i.e., hung) from the floor portion 300b, between the floor portion 300b and the second wall portion 200 b-2.

As shown, the enclosure 155 of the type 1 structure 151 is sized according to the dimensional relationships disclosed above, resulting in a compact shipping module 100. Thus, when the "E" dimension (see fig. 2A) (about 19.5 inches (49.5 centimeters)) is used to determine the dimensions in accordance with the relationships disclosed herein, and when the components thereof are stacked and positioned as shown in fig. 3A, the shipping module 100 has an overall length of about 39 feet (11.89 meters), an overall width of about 8.5 feet (2.59 meters), and an overall height of about 12.7 feet (3.87 meters). These overall dimensions are substantially the same as or smaller than typical shipping containers.

Similarly, fig. 2B shows a top view of a finished structure 152 of the type 2 shown in fig. 1B and includes a geometrically orthogonal grid to clearly explain the preferred dimensional relationships between its containment components 155. The basic length for sizing is denoted as "E" in fig. 2B; the superimposed orthogonal grids in fig. 2B are approximately 8E long and 8E.

More particularly, in fig. 2B, the four wall members 200s are approximately 8E long and each of the ceiling portions 400a, 400B and 400c are approximately 8E long and 2.67E wide. Two floor sections 300a and 300B of the finished structure 152 are shown in fig. 2B and 3B. Each of the floor members 300a and 300b is 8H long; while floor component 300a is approximately 3E wide and floor component 300b is approximately 5E wide.

The shipping module 100 shown in FIG. 3B, edge-up, for a type 2 structure 152, also generally includes a fixed space portion 102 defined by a ceiling component 400a, a floor component 300a, a wall component 200s-R, a wall portion 200s-1, and a wall portion 200 s-4. As shown in fig. 2B, the second wall section 200s-2 is folded inwardly and positioned generally against the fixed space section 102, while the third wall section 200s-3 is folded outwardly and positioned generally against the second wall section 200s-2 (when so folded and positioned, the wall sections 200s-2 and 200s-3 are represented in fig. 2B as sections 200s-2f and 200s-3f, respectively); to form an accordion-like fold having the fixed space portion 102, the second wall portion 200s-2 and the third wall portion 200s-3 as elements thereof. The fifth wall section 200s-5 is folded inwardly and is positioned generally against the fixed space section 102 (when so folded and positioned, it is denoted as wall section 200s-5f in fig. 2B). Three ceiling components 400a, 400B and 400c are shown deployed in FIG. 1B. Fig. 3B (shipping module 100 for type 2 structure 152) shows ceiling members 400B and 400c stacked on top of ceiling member 400a that partially defines fixed space portion 102. As shown in fig. 2B and 3B, the wall component 200s-P is pivotally secured to the floor section 300B at the location of the axis 105 and is positioned vertically against the outside of the wall components 200s-3 and 200 s-5. Further, the floor portion 300b is vertically positioned adjacent to the fixed space portion 102, and the long wall members 200s-P are suspended from the floor portion 300b between the floor portion 300b and the wall portions 200s-3 and 200 s-5.

As shown, the enclosure member 155 of the type 2 structure 152 is sized according to the dimensional relationships disclosed above, resulting in a compact shipping module 100. Thus, when sized using the "E" dimension (see fig. 2B) (about 29 inches (73.7 centimeters)) according to the relationships disclosed herein, and when the components thereof are stacked and positioned as shown in fig. 3A, the shipping module 100 shown in fig. 3B has an overall length of about 19 feet (5.79 meters), an overall width of about 8.5 feet (2.59 meters), and an overall height of about 12.7 feet (3.87 meters). These overall dimensions are smaller than typical shipping containers.

The mentioned geometrical orthogonal grid also provides a useful reference point for placing floor channels 319, wall channels 219 and ceiling channels 440. When such slots are placed at, for example, a particular "E" spacing, which is consistent with the grid spacing used, they are easily located during structural finishing.

Preferably, the fixed space portion 102 is in a relatively finished state before all other of the wall, ceiling and floor portions are positioned (folded). That is, preferably, the fixed space portion 102 is equipped with all of the machinery and other functions required by the structure 150 during the manufacturing process, such as a kitchen, bathroom, laundry room, HVAC cabinet, fireplace, wardrobe, storage area, hallway, and the like. The temporary members 103 (as shown in fig. 3A) provide support during shipment of the type 1 structure 151 and are removed after delivery (no comparable temporary member is used for shipment of the type 2 structure 152). Preferably, after the fixed space portion 102 is completed to a desired state, the remaining components are folded and positioned against the fixed space portion 102 as described above. The components so folded and positioned actually allow the builder to erect the finished structure 150 by simply "unfolding" the positioning components (unfolding) of the shipping module 100.

As shown by the long wall members 200a in fig. 5A, each of the wall members 200, the floor members 300 and the ceiling members 400, and/or portions thereof, may be encased in the protective film 177 during the manufacturing process and prior to forming the shipping module 100. Alternatively or additionally, the entire shipping module 100 may be encased in a protective membrane. Thus, these protective films constitute a means of protecting the shipping module 100 and components 200, 300, and 400 during shipment. In addition to protection of the module and its components, such protective films have the additional advantage of increasing the resistance of the components to bending and torsional stresses that may occur during transport of the components. These protective films constitute additional means for rigidifying the wall element 200, so as to increase its robustness during transport and erection of the structure at the construction site. Preferably, such protective film remains in place until the shipping module 100 arrives at the construction site and is then removed as needed to facilitate deployment and finishing of the containment components.

Shipment module transport

The shipping module is shipped to the construction site by a suitable transport means. One such transport device is disclosed in U.S. patent application publication No. US 2019/0100127AL and international publication No. WO 2019/070485 a1 filed on 21/9/2018; the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein, particularly as shown in paragraphs 0020-0035 and FIGS. 1A-2D thereof. As another alternative means of transportation, the shipping module 100 may be transported to the construction site by means of a conventional truck trailer or a low bed trailer (also referred to as a low body trailer).

Structural deployment and finishing

At the construction site, the shipping module 100 is positioned in its desired location, such as on a prepared foundation; such as cast concrete slabs, cast concrete or clinker foundations, sleeper beams or concrete columns or columns. This can be accomplished by using a crane to either lift the shipping module 100 from its transport and move it to the desired location, or by positioning the transport at the desired location, lifting the shipping module 100, then moving the transport from the desired location, and then lowering the shipping module 100 to a stationary state at the desired location. A particularly suitable apparatus and technique for facilitating the positioning of shipping modules 100 in a desired location is disclosed in U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,315, entitled "apparatus and method for erecting a transportable folded building structure," filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor; the contents of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,315, entitled "apparatus and method for erecting a transportable collapsed building structure," filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor, is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein, including in particular the apparatus and techniques described, for example, in section 126-128 in conjunction with fig. 11A and 11B thereof.

After the shipping module 100 is positioned at the construction site, the appropriate portions of the wall 200, floor 300, and ceiling components 400 are "unfolded" (i.e., unfolded) to produce the finished structure 150.

For the type 1 structure 151, the deployment (enclosure and component partial deployment) occurs in the following order: (1) the floor section 300b pivots about a horizontal axis 305 shown in fig. 3A to a deployed position, (2) the wall sections 200a-P pivot about a horizontal axis 105 shown in fig. 3A to a deployed position, (3) the wall section 200b-2 of the short wall member 200b pivots about a vertical axis 191 shown in fig. 2A to a deployed position, and (4) the ceiling sections 400b and 400c pivot about horizontal axes 405a and 405b, respectively, to their deployed positions.

For type 2 structure 152, the deployment proceeds in the following order: (1) the floor section 300B pivots about the horizontal axis 305 shown in fig. 3B to the deployed position, (2) the wall members 200s-P pivot about the horizontal axis 105 shown in fig. 3B (behind the perimeter panel 312) to the deployed position, (3) the wall section wall sections 200s-2, 200s-3, and 200s-5 pivot about the vertical axes 192, 193, and 194, respectively, to the deployed position, and (4) the ceiling sections 400B and 400c pivot about the horizontal axes 405a and 405B, respectively, to the deployed position. A mobile crane may be used to assist in the deployment of certain containment assemblies 155, specifically the ceiling sections 400b and 400c, the floor section 300b, and the wall section 200(200a-P for type 1 structures 151 and 200s-P for type 2 structures 152) pivotally secured to the floor section 300 b. Alternatively, a particularly suitable apparatus and technique for facilitating deployment of enclosure components 155 is disclosed in U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786315, entitled "apparatus and method for erecting a transportable folded building structure," filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor. The contents of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 16/786,315, entitled "apparatus and method for erecting a transportable collapsed building structure," filed on even date herewith and by the same inventor, are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein, including in particular the apparatus and techniques described, for example, in section 132 and in fig. 12A-14B.

Notably, the dado panel 310 in place acts as a "stop" to prevent the wall member or wall section from unfolding in its intended unfolded position. Thus, for example, the dado panel 310 of FIG. 3A, showing a type 1 structure 151, prevents the deployment of the long walls 200a-P shown therein when the long walls 200a-P are fully deployed in their desired vertical positions. Similarly, the perimeter plates 312 of the type 2 structure 152 are depicted in FIG. 3B performing similar functions with respect to the wall 200s-P and with respect to the wall sections 200s-2, 200s-3, and 200 s-5. In addition, the dado panel 310 provides a structure for securing the unfolded wall component in its unfolded position; thus, for example, in fig. 6A, a dado panel 310 is provided having a plurality of spaced apart holes 311 through which fasteners may be inserted to secure the long wall 200a in place.

After deployment, the enclosure 155 is secured together to form the finished structure 150, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B. If any temporary hinge mechanisms have been used, these temporary hinge mechanisms can be removed if desired and the enclosure parts 155 can be secured together. If any selected enclosure perimeter structures are used, i.e., the abutting end cap 235, the first hinge I-beam structure 258, the second hinge I-beam structure 268, and the tongue and groove hinge structure 242, then the following finishing operations are preferably performed:

adjacent the end cap (235).Referring to FIG. 17, holes 275 are cut at spaced locations in any structural layer near the fastener carrier 239 of each used adjacent end cap 235, either during manufacture prior to shipping the module 100, or after delivery and deployment. After deployment, as shown in FIG. 17, fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners) are driven down through the holes 275 of the adjacent end cap 235 and the fastener bracket 239 and into the underlying enclosure 155, thereby securing the enclosure 155 with the adjacent end cap 235 to the underlying enclosure 155. The hole is then plugged.

A first articulating I-beam structure (258).After deployment, the hinge joints 266b and 267b are in a staggered relationship, as shown in fig. 13C and 13F. Thus, as shown in fig. 13F, a second series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 may be threaded together and inserted into the hinge knuckles 266b and 267b of the first hinge i-beam structure 258 to lock the first hinge i-beam structure 258 in the fully open (deployed) position. In such a locking arrangement, it is believed that the steel bar acts as a tension member (somewhat in the manner of a rebar) and the first articulating i-beam structure 258 substantially resists bending along its length. When so locked, the first articulating i-beam structure 258 is particularly effective in supporting the finished structure 150 when placed on the foundation of a plurality of concrete columns or columns.

A second articulating I-beam structure (268). After deployment, the hinge knuckles 273b and 279b are in a staggered relationship, as shown in fig. 14C and 14E. Thus, a third series of aligned cylindrical steel rods 233 may be threaded together and inserted into the hinge knuckles 273b and 279b of the second articulating I-beam structure 268 to lock the I-beam structure 268. In such a locking arrangement, it is believed that the steel bar acts as a tensioning member (somewhat in the manner of a rebar) and the second articulating i-beam structure 268 substantially resists bending along its length.

A tongue and groove hinge structure (242). After deployment, the tongue and groove arrangements 254 and 255 of all of the used tongue and groove structures 242 are engaged in mating relationship. Thus, fasteners (such as screw or nail fasteners) may be driven through, for example, the mortise slot arrangements 254 and 255 to lock the enclosure sections 155 with the mortise slot structures 242 secured thereto together in the deployed direction.

After the enclosure 155 is deployed and secured, one or more pre-selected slots in the wall members 200, floor members 300 and ceiling members 400 may be routed and connected. Before, during or after the enclosure 155 is deployed and secured, holes 202, 204 for one or more fenestrations are cut at desired locations in the wall component 200, as needed, and the appropriate fenestration assembly is positioned and secured in the holes 202, 204. As related herein, additional municipal connections are made to the water and sewer lines to complete the structure 150.

The foregoing detailed description is for the purpose of illustration only and should not be construed to limit the invention as defined in the appended claims.

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