阅读说明：本技术 一种厨余垃圾好氧堆肥的促腐熟剂及其制备方法 (Rotten-promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste and preparation method thereof ) 是由 朱超 张涵瑞 郭中瑞 张文婷 王河有 于 2021-02-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种厨余垃圾好氧堆肥的促腐熟剂及其制备方法,该促腐熟剂组分如下：生物菌剂、无机载体和小部分有机物。所述生物菌剂包括固氮菌、芽孢杆菌、酵母菌、小单孢菌和曲霉。所述无机载体为高温改性后的沸石、二氧化钼、二氧化锰和部分零价铁。所述小部分有机物为椰丝。本发明的促腐熟剂能在一定时间内快速降解大分子物质,加快堆肥腐熟,具有耐高温和加速堆肥进程的特点。(The invention discloses a decomposition promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen garbage and a preparation method thereof, wherein the decomposition promoting agent comprises the following components: biological agent, inorganic carrier and small part of organic matter. The biological agent comprises azotobacter, bacillus, microzyme, micromonospora and aspergillus. The inorganic carrier is zeolite, molybdenum dioxide, manganese dioxide and part of zero-valent iron which are modified at high temperature. The small part of organic matter is coconut shred. The decomposition promoting agent can rapidly degrade macromolecular substances within a certain time, accelerates compost decomposition, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and acceleration of composting process.)

1. The decomposition promoting agent for the aerobic composting of the kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.1-0.5 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut shred.

2. The aerobic composting promoting agent for kitchen waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological agent comprises azotobacter, bacillus, yeast, micromonospora and aspergillus.

3. The kitchen waste aerobic composting decomposition promoting agent of claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, bacillus, yeast, micromonospora and aspergillus is 1:2:1.5:1: 1.5.

4. The kitchen waste aerobic composting decomposition promoting agent of claim 1, wherein the zeolite is high temperature modified zeolite.

5. The kitchen waste aerobic composting decomposition promoting agent of claim 4, wherein the high temperature modified zeolite is prepared by the following steps: and (2) calcining the zeolite at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1h, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the temperature rise time and the temperature reduction time are both 1.5h in the whole process.

6. The preparation method of the kitchen waste aerobic compost decomposing accelerant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.1-0.5 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut shred are uniformly mixed to obtain the kitchen waste aerobic compost decomposing accelerant.

7. The method for preparing a decomposition promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen garbage as claimed in claim 6, wherein the biological agent comprises azotobacter, bacillus, yeast, micromonospora and aspergillus.

8. The kitchen waste aerobic composting decomposition promoting agent of claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, bacillus, yeast, micromonospora and aspergillus is 1:2:1.5:1: 1.5.

9. The kitchen waste aerobic composting decomposition promoting agent of claim 6, wherein the zeolite is high temperature modified zeolite.

10. The kitchen waste aerobic composting decomposition promoting agent of claim 9, wherein the high temperature modified zeolite is prepared by the following steps: and (2) calcining the zeolite at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1h, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the temperature rise time and the temperature reduction time are both 1.5h in the whole process.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compost maturity promoting agents, and particularly relates to a maturity promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, the proportion of kitchen waste in urban life is continuously increased, and the kitchen waste is easy to generate percolate and odor in the collecting and transporting process due to the characteristics of high moisture, high salt content, high organic matter, high grease and the like, is easy to corrode and deteriorate and has great harm to the environment. At present, the treatment method of kitchen waste in China mainly comprises landfill and incineration, the landfill needs a special garbage landfill site, the land occupation is large, odor is generated in the natural decay process, mosquitoes and flies are bred, the surrounding environment is greatly affected, particularly in cities, the garbage landfill has the problems of limited land, difficult site selection of the landfill site and the like, the incineration energy consumption is high, harmful gas is possibly generated in the process, and the utilization rate of resources is low. The aerobic compost can effectively utilize resources such as organic matters in the kitchen garbage, and the decomposed products can be collected and treated in a centralized manner, so that pollution in the collection and transportation processes is avoided, and the aerobic compost can also be used as a fertilizer for family plants. However, the aerobic compost has a long decomposition period and is greatly influenced by temperature, and nitrogen loss exists in the process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a decomposition promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof, which are used for overcoming the problems in the prior art, improve the stability and composting efficiency of the aerobic composting, shorten the primary decomposition time and provide an effective and applicable method for household treatment of the kitchen waste.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a decay promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.1-0.5 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut shred.

Further, the biological agents include azotobacter, bacillus, yeast, micromonospora and aspergillus.

Further, the mass ratio of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the bacillus to the yeast to the micromonospora to the aspergillus is 1:2:1.5:1: 1.5.

Further, the zeolite is modified zeolite at high temperature.

Further, the preparation process of the high-temperature modified zeolite comprises the following steps: and (2) calcining the zeolite at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1h, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the temperature rise time and the temperature reduction time are both 1.5h in the whole process.

A preparation method of a decomposition promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste comprises the steps of uniformly mixing 0.5 part of a biological microbial agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.1-0.5 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut shreds to obtain the decomposition promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste.

Further, the biological agents include azotobacter, bacillus, yeast, micromonospora and aspergillus.

Further, the mass ratio of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the bacillus to the yeast to the micromonospora to the aspergillus is 1:2:1.5:1: 1.5.

Further, the zeolite is modified zeolite at high temperature.

Further, the preparation process of the high-temperature modified zeolite comprises the following steps: and (2) calcining the zeolite at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1h, and then cooling to room temperature, wherein the temperature rise time and the temperature reduction time are both 1.5h in the whole process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the compost decomposition promoting agent is prepared by mixing a composite biological agent, an inorganic carrier (zeolite, molybdenum dioxide, manganese dioxide and zero-valent iron) and a small part of organic matters (coconut shreds) together, and meanwhile, the components have a synergistic effect, the nitrogen fixing bacteria have a nitrogen retention effect, the nitrogen content in a compost body can be increased in the composting process, and the aerobic compost components of kitchen waste are increased; the bacillus has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, quick revival, strong enzyme secretion capacity and the like, can quickly degrade macromolecular substances, generates bacteriocins to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and has a deodorization effect; the yeast can quickly decompose organic matters and has a deodorization effect; micromonospora can convert energy in the composting process into organic nutrient substances; the aspergillus can decompose complex organic matters such as protein and the like, and accelerate the composting process; the molybdenum dioxide, the manganese dioxide and the zero-valent iron have catalytic action; the zeolite can change the shape and structure of the zeolite through high-temperature modification, the particle size of the modified zeolite particles is increased, and the increase of the particle size causes the increase of stacking gaps, so that the pore diameter is increased; the coconut shreds and the kitchen waste are uniformly mixed, the kitchen waste is attached to the coconut shreds, so that the volume of the kitchen waste is fluffy, more oxygen participates in the reaction, and the aerobic composting is more facilitated; the zero-valent iron can be matched with zeolite to play a role in controlling water for kitchen garbage while enhancing the redox effect, so that electron transfer is smoother, the zero-valent iron can also be used as a shuttle of a microbial agent redox potential receptor to increase the metabolic activity of microorganisms, and meanwhile, the zero-valent iron is matched with the carrier effect and the enzyme catalysis platform effect of the zeolite. The zeolite can be used as a carrier for the action of microorganisms, the microorganisms cooperate with decomposed garbage on a platform provided by the zeolite to further enhance the catalytic action, and the redox action of zero-valent iron is matched, so that the stability and composting efficiency of aerobic composting can be further improved, the primary decomposition time is shortened, and an effective and applicable method is provided for treating kitchen garbage.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below.

A decay promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.1-0.5 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1-2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.1-0.5 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut shred, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and are uniformly mixed with 100 parts of kitchen garbage in use.

The biological agent comprises azotobacter, bacillus, microzyme, micromonospora and aspergillus, and the mass ratio of the azotobacter, the bacillus, the microzyme, the micromonospora and the aspergillus is 1:2:1.5:1: 1.5; the zeolite is subjected to high-temperature calcination for 1 hour for modification treatment by being placed in a muffle furnace with the temperature set to be 500 ℃, nitrogen-fixing bacteria have a nitrogen-preserving effect, the nitrogen content in a compost body can be increased in the composting process, and the aerobic composting ingredients of kitchen waste are increased; the bacillus has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, quick revival, strong enzyme secretion capacity and the like, can quickly degrade macromolecular substances, generates bacteriocins to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and has a deodorization effect; the yeast can quickly decompose organic matters and has a deodorization effect; micromonospora can convert energy in the composting process into organic nutrient substances; the aspergillus can decompose complex organic matters such as protein and the like, and accelerate the composting process; the molybdenum dioxide, the manganese dioxide and the zero-valent iron have catalytic action; the zeolite can change the shape and structure of the zeolite through high-temperature modification, the particle size of the modified zeolite particles is increased, and the increase of the particle size causes the increase of stacking gaps, so that the pore diameter is increased; the coconut shreds and the kitchen waste are uniformly mixed, the kitchen waste is attached to the coconut shreds, so that the volume of the kitchen waste is fluffy, more oxygen participates in the reaction, and the aerobic composting is facilitated.

The zero-valent iron can be matched with zeolite to play a role in controlling water for kitchen garbage while enhancing the redox effect, so that electron transfer is smoother, the zero-valent iron can also be used as a shuttle of a microbial agent redox potential receptor to increase the metabolic activity of microorganisms, and meanwhile, the zero-valent iron is matched with the carrier effect and the enzyme catalysis platform effect of the zeolite. The zeolite can be used as a carrier for the action of microorganisms, and the microorganisms cooperate with the decomposed garbage on a platform provided by the zeolite to further enhance the catalytic action and cooperate with the redox action of zero-valent iron.

A preparation method of a decomposition promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste adopts three components of a biological agent, an inorganic carrier and a small part of organic matters to prepare the decomposition promoting agent in a synergistic manner, wherein zeolite in the inorganic carrier is calcined at a high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 hour and then is uniformly mixed with the rest of the existing components.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The following detailed description is illustrative of the embodiments and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

Example 1

A decay promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.1 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1 part of manganese dioxide, 0.1 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut wire.

And (2) putting the zeolite into a muffle furnace, calcining at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 hour, uniformly mixing with the rest components, adding 100 parts by weight of kitchen garbage for composting, and shortening the composting mature time by 35% compared with the mature time of the kitchen garbage compost without the addition of the decomposition promoting agent.

Example 2

A decay promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.5 part of molybdenum dioxide, 2 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.5 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut wire.

And (2) putting the zeolite into a muffle furnace, calcining at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 hour, uniformly mixing with the rest components, adding 100 parts by weight of kitchen garbage for composting, and shortening the composting mature time by 25% compared with the mature time of the kitchen garbage compost without the addition of the decomposition promoting agent.

Example 3

A decay promoting agent for aerobic composting of kitchen waste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 part of biological agent, 1 part of zeolite, 0.3 part of molybdenum dioxide, 1.5 parts of manganese dioxide, 0.3 part of zero-valent iron and 10 parts of coconut wire.

And (2) putting the zeolite into a muffle furnace, calcining at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1 hour, uniformly mixing with the rest components, adding 100 parts by weight of kitchen garbage for composting, and shortening the composting mature time by 30% compared with the mature time of the kitchen garbage compost without the addition of the decomposition promoting agent.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.