阅读说明：本技术 一种新型维纶制备方法 (Novel vinylon preparation method ) 是由 郑庆信 武传业 李倩 林强 于 2021-03-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种新型维纶制备方法,该种新型维纶制备方法包括以下步骤：1)配制、蒸煮聚乙烯醇溶液,溶液浓度优选10-18％；2)将聚乙烯醇溶液经喷丝工艺,然后在电子束辐照下交联定型,得到纤维；3)将上述电子束辐照后纤维表面喷防黏剂后经拉伸、热处理、缩醛交联等后道处理,成为维纶纤维。通过上述方式,本发明通过电子束辐照交联工艺使纤维定型,能够不用盐浴的凝固过程工序,不用无机盐类的应用和消耗,减少无机盐类对环境的污染。(The invention discloses a preparation method of novel vinylon, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing and cooking polyvinyl alcohol solution, wherein the concentration of the solution is preferably 10-18%; 2) carrying out a spinning process on a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then crosslinking and shaping under electron beam irradiation to obtain fibers; 3) after the surface of the fiber is irradiated by the electron beam, spraying an anti-sticking agent, and then carrying out post-treatment such as stretching, heat treatment, acetal crosslinking and the like to obtain the vinylon fiber. By the mode, the fiber is shaped by the electron beam irradiation crosslinking process, the process of a salt bath solidification process is not needed, the application and consumption of inorganic salts are not needed, and the pollution of the inorganic salts to the environment is reduced.)

1. A novel vinylon preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the novel vinylon comprises the following steps:

1) preparing and cooking polyvinyl alcohol solution, wherein the concentration of the solution is preferably 10-18%;

2) carrying out a spinning process on a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then crosslinking and shaping under electron beam irradiation to obtain fibers;

3) after the surface of the fiber is irradiated by the electron beam, spraying an anti-sticking agent, and then carrying out post-treatment such as stretching, heat treatment, acetal crosslinking and the like to obtain the vinylon fiber.

2. The process according to claim 1, wherein: the grade of the performance product of the polyvinyl alcohol in the step 1) can be the grade (1799, 2099, 2499, 6498 and the like) of the polyvinyl alcohol needing to be steamed into solution or the grade (1788, 2088, 2488 and the like) of the polyvinyl alcohol solution dissolved in cold water.

3. The process according to claim 1, wherein: and 2) the spinning process in the step 2) is to vertically spray the polyvinyl alcohol solution from top to bottom through a spray head, and the electron beam rays pass through the filaments sprayed by the spray head in the horizontal direction to make the filaments cross-linked and shaped.

4. The process according to claim 1, wherein: the irradiation dose of the electron beam in the step 2) is 1.0 kGy-80 kGy.

5. The process according to claim 1, wherein: and 3) spraying the anti-sticking agent on the surfaces of the fibrils in the step 3), namely arranging a nozzle at the lower end of the electron beam ray, and spraying the anti-sticking agent into a mist shape by the nozzle to uniformly spray the anti-sticking agent on the surfaces of the fibrils to prevent the fibrils from being stuck.

6. The process according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the anti-sticking agent is selected from one or more of glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyglycerol, sorbitol, butanediol, tween, span, sorbitan stearate, stearic acid, liquid wax and silicone oil.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of irradiation synthetic chemical material fibers, in particular to a novel vinylon preparation method.

Background

Vinylon is the trade name of polyvinyl acetal fiber, also called vinylon, and its performance is close to cotton, has the name of "synthetic cotton", is the variety with the biggest hygroscopicity among the existing synthetic fibers, has received extensive attention from the outside and inside because it has excellent performances such as high strength, hygroscopicity, etc. in various fibers concurrently, chinese patent cn201811563414.x discloses a vinylon and its preparation method, the raw materials that adopt in this patent are that polyvinyl alcohol solution and modified solution are mixed and mixed the emulsion, mixed emulsion carries out electron beam irradiation, obtains composite emulsion, composite emulsion is still liquid after electron beam irradiation, subsequently obtains vinylon through the spinning, the process of spinning is: heating the obtained composite emulsion to 70-80 ℃, and then sequentially carrying out spinning, solidification and post-treatment to obtain vinylon, wherein filaments obtained by spinning are sticky, need to be solidified through a salt bath, and then carry out post-treatment, the operation is complex, the salt bath refers to a saturated salt solution of sodium sulfate or sodium chloride, and a large amount of salt on the surface of the fibers needs to be cleaned after the fibers pass through the salt bath; the inorganic salts of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are pollutants which are difficult to remove in sewage treatment, the inorganic salts can not be removed by a filter screen, can not be removed by anaerobic aerobic microorganisms, and can not be removed by precipitation, although the inorganic salts can be removed by methods such as molecular sieve, ion resin exchange, triple effect evaporation and the like, the removal cost is too high, the investment cost and the operation production cost are greatly increased, and the difficult problem that the salts are difficult to solve in sewage treatment is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a novel vinylon preparation method, which shapes fibers by an electron beam irradiation crosslinking process, does not need a solidification process procedure of salt bath, does not need application and consumption of inorganic salts, reduces pollution of the inorganic salts to the environment, and prevents filaments from being adhered.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the preparation method of the novel vinylon comprises the following steps:

1) preparing and cooking polyvinyl alcohol solution, wherein the concentration of the solution is preferably 10-18%;

2) carrying out a spinning process on a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then crosslinking and shaping under electron beam irradiation to obtain fibers;

3) after the surface of the fiber is irradiated by the electron beam, spraying an anti-sticking agent, and then carrying out post-treatment such as stretching, heat treatment, acetal crosslinking and the like to obtain the vinylon fiber.

Preferably, the grade of the product for the performance of the polyvinyl alcohol in the step 1) can be the grade (1799, 2099, 2499, 6498, etc.) of the polyvinyl alcohol to be steamed into a solution or the grade (1788, 2088, 2488, etc.) of the polyvinyl alcohol solution dissolved in cold water.

Preferably, the spinning process in step 2) is to vertically spray the polyvinyl alcohol solution from top to bottom through a spray head, and electron beam rays pass through filaments sprayed from the spray head in the horizontal direction, so that the filaments are cross-linked and shaped.

Preferably, the dose of the electron beam irradiation in the step 2) is 1.0kGy to 80 kGy.

Preferably, the step 3) of spraying the anti-sticking agent on the surfaces of the fibrils is to arrange a nozzle at the lower end of an electron beam, and the nozzle sprays the anti-sticking agent into a mist shape to uniformly spray the anti-sticking agent on the surfaces of the fibrils so as to prevent the fibrils from sticking together.

Preferably, the anti-sticking agent in the step 3) is one or more selected from glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyglycerol, sorbitol, butylene glycol, tween, span, sorbitol stearate, stearic acid, liquid wax and silicone oil.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) selecting an electron beam irradiation crosslinking process to enable polyvinyl alcohol to be directly subjected to irradiation crosslinking and shaping;

(2) the characteristic of electron beam irradiation crosslinking is adopted, so that polyvinyl alcohol is internally crosslinked, and the breaking strength of vinylon can be increased;

(3) the fiber can be solidified without salt bath by using electron beam irradiation crosslinking, so that the environmental pollution of salt chemicals is reduced;

(4) the anti-sticking agent is sprayed into a mist shape, so that the anti-sticking agent is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fibril, and the fibril is prevented from being stuck.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the invention.

The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

the preparation method of the novel vinylon comprises the following steps:

1) preparing and cooking polyvinyl alcohol solution, wherein the concentration of the solution is preferably 10-18%;

2) carrying out a spinning process on a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and then crosslinking and shaping under electron beam irradiation to obtain fibers;

3) after the surface of the fiber is irradiated by the electron beam, spraying an anti-sticking agent, and then carrying out post-treatment such as stretching, heat treatment, acetal crosslinking and the like to obtain the vinylon fiber.

The grade of the performance product of the polyvinyl alcohol in the step 1) can be the grade (1799, 2099, 2499, 6498 and the like) of the polyvinyl alcohol needing to be steamed into solution or the grade (1788, 2088, 2488 and the like) of the polyvinyl alcohol solution dissolved in cold water.

And 2) the spinning process in the step 2) is to vertically spray the polyvinyl alcohol solution from top to bottom through a spray head, and the electron beam rays pass through the filaments sprayed by the spray head in the horizontal direction to make the filaments cross-linked and shaped.

The irradiation dose of the electron beam in the step 2) is 1.0 kGy-80 kGy.

And 3) spraying the anti-sticking agent on the surfaces of the fibrils in the step 3), namely arranging a nozzle at the lower end of the electron beam ray, and spraying the anti-sticking agent into a mist shape by the nozzle to uniformly spray the anti-sticking agent on the surfaces of the fibrils to prevent the fibrils from being stuck.

In the step 3), the anti-sticking agent is selected from one or more of glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyglycerol, sorbitol, butanediol, tween, span, sorbitol stearate, stearic acid, liquid wax and silicone oil.

Example 1

A novel vinylon preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) cooking 1799 polyvinyl alcohol at 90 deg.C to obtain 15% solution;

2) spraying the solution obtained in the step 1) into filaments through a spray head, and irradiating the filaments by using an electron beam with the dose of 10kGy to crosslink and shape the filaments;

3) after the electron beam irradiation, glycerin is sprayed on the surface of the filament immediately for anti-sticking treatment, and the filament is subjected to post-treatment such as stretching, heat treatment, acetal crosslinking and the like to form the vinylon fiber.

Example 2

A novel vinylon preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) boiling 2099 polyvinyl alcohol at 90 deg.C to 17% solution;

2) spraying the solution obtained in the step 1) into filaments through a spray head, and irradiating the filaments by electron beams with 18kGy dosage to crosslink and shape the filaments;

3) after the electron beam irradiation, glycerin is sprayed on the surface of the filament immediately for anti-sticking treatment, and the filament is subjected to post-treatment such as stretching, heat treatment, acetal crosslinking and the like to form the vinylon fiber.

According to the novel vinylon preparation method, the fibers are shaped by the electron beam irradiation crosslinking process, the solidification process of salt bath is not needed, the application and consumption of inorganic salts are not needed, the pollution of the inorganic salts to the environment is reduced, and the fibrils are prevented from being bonded.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.