阅读说明：本技术 一种用于矿山废弃地生态修复先锋植物胡枝子的水培方法 (Water culture method for ecological restoration of pioneer plant lespedeza in mine wasteland ) 是由 孙清斌 尹春芹 刘先利 吕继良 于 2021-01-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于矿山废弃地生态修复先锋植物胡枝子的水培方法,包括：步骤一、胡枝子种子萌发前处理；步骤二、胡枝子幼苗培养；步骤三、胡枝子移植成苗的培养；步骤四、成苗移植前处理。本发明提供的用于矿山废弃地生态修复先锋植物胡枝子的水培方法,可以培育出具备较大生物量的胡枝子成苗,更好地解决植物幼苗期抗逆能力较弱的问题,为矿山废弃地移植修复快速培育出修复载体、节省一定的时间成本。(The invention relates to a water culture method for ecological restoration of pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor in mine wasteland, which comprises the following steps: step one, carrying out pretreatment on seed germination of lespedeza bicolor; step two, culturing the Lespedeza virgata seedlings; step three, transplanting the lespedeza into seedlings for culture; and step four, pre-treatment of seedling transplantation. The water culture method for the pioneer plant lespedeza in the mining wasteland provided by the invention can be used for culturing the lespedeza with larger biomass into seedlings, better solves the problem of weaker stress resistance in the seedling stage of the plants, quickly cultures a repair carrier for the transplantation and repair of the mining wasteland and saves certain time cost.)

1. A water culture method for the pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor in the ecological restoration of a mining wasteland is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, carrying out pretreatment on seed germination of lespedeza bicolor; spreading a certain amount of uniform bicolor lespedeza bicolor seeds in a multilayer glass tank, adding 1.5% hydrogen peroxide, completely soaking for 2h, pouring off the hydrogen peroxide, adding 98.3% concentrated sulfuric acid, and completely soaking for 5-8 min; then opening a water pipe below a tap water pipe, quickly pouring out concentrated sulfuric acid in the multilayer glass tank, fully washing seeds in the multilayer glass tank by using a large amount of tap water to remove sulfuric acid attached to the surface of the seeds, adding distilled water into the multilayer glass tank, and soaking in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for more than 12 hours;

step two, culturing the Lespedeza virgata seedlings; putting the seeds after the imbibition process into a culture dish lined with wet filter paper, inverting, putting into an incubator for accelerating germination for 2-3d, and keeping dark light; when the sprouts grow to 2-3cm, adding a small amount of distilled water into the culture dish to keep the seedlings in a suspended state, carefully transferring the seedlings to a culture barrel with a gauze, and immersing the gauze in a mixed solution of 15g/L of white sugar water and 0.4g/L of potassium permanganate for more than 1h before putting the gauze into the culture barrel; placing the culture bucket in artificial illumination culture chamber for culturing for 5d, wherein the culture bucket contains 0.5mmol/L CaCl with pH of 4.5₂The solution is guaranteed to be replaced by CaCl every day₂Culture solution and thereinAdding 15g/L white sugar;

step three, transplanting the lespedeza into seedlings for culture; after 5d of culture, seedlings are transferred into a culture device, the culture device comprises a plurality of culture containers and a lifting device, a PVC cover plate with holes is covered at the top of each culture container, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of each culture container, cotton gauze is arranged at the bottom in each culture container and at least completely covers the liquid outlet, the lifting device is detachably connected with the PVC cover plate, 3-5 seedlings are filled in each hole in the PVC cover plate and are wrapped and fixed through sponge, a vertical downward scale is arranged on the inner surface of the PVC cover plate, a special nutrient solution is filled in each culture container and is changed every three days, the formula of the special nutrient solution can be changed along with the difference of the root system length, the ventilation is kept during the culture, and the culture is; after culturing for 20-25 days, the height of the seedling reaches about 35cm, the total root length is about 1.2m, and the root surface area is about 10cm²The root volume is about 0.08cm³；

Step four, pre-treatment of seedling transplantation; and (3) migrating the grown seedlings and cotton gauze from the culture device, trimming, picking buds and dipping the grown seedlings in slurry, wrapping the cotton gauze which is just taken out from the culture container on the peripheral side surfaces of the grown seedlings, and waiting for transplantation.

2. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza virescens in mining wastelands as claimed in claim 1, wherein said multi-layer glass tank in the first step comprises: the glass support rod comprises a glass tank body, a glass support rod and a plurality of glass plates with successively decreasing diameters, wherein the transverse diameter of the side wall in the glass tank body is gradually reduced from top to bottom, a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover is arranged on the top of the glass tank body, a glass cover is arranged on the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover, glass rod through holes for accommodating the glass support rod to pass through are formed in the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and the center position of the glass cover, a water outlet is formed in one side of the glass cover, at least four clamping protrusions are symmetrically arranged on the outer side wall of the upper portion of the glass tank body in a pairwise mode, openings corresponding to the clamping protrusions are formed in the edge of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover, the openings are correspondingly hung on the clamping protrusions in a one-to-one mode and are fixed through clamping hoops, a cup handle is arranged on the outer side of the glass tank body, and a plurality of through holes are formed in each glass, the glass plates are wrapped by polytetrafluoroethylene filter screens, the center positions of each glass plate and each polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen are provided with center through holes, the circle centers of the center through holes and the circle centers of the glass rod through holes are positioned on the same straight line, the glass plates are respectively clamped in the glass tank body at intervals, the diameters of the center through holes from top to bottom are gradually reduced, the distance between every two adjacent glass plates is 1.2-1.5 times of the height of the bicolor lesch seeds, the diameters of the through holes are 1-3 times of the length of the bicolor lesch seeds, the mesh diameters of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screens are smaller than the length of the bicolor lesch seeds, each glass support rod comprises a handheld part and a support part, the support parts are inserted into the center through holes in the centers of the glass plates, and the diameters of the support parts are gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the size of the hand-held part is matched with that of the corresponding central through hole, and the hand-held part extends outwards through the glass rod through hole.

3. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor in the mining wasteland of claim 2, wherein the first step is to lay bicolor lespedeza bicolor seeds in a multi-layer glass tank and soak the bicolor lespedeza bicolor seeds in hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid by the following steps: cleaning all glass plates wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene filter screens, putting the glass plates with the smallest diameter into the bottom of a glass tank body for clamping, putting bicolor lespedeza seeds on the glass plates, slightly smoothing the glass plates by hands, putting the glass plates with the second smallest diameter into the glass tank body for clamping, putting the bicolor lespeda seeds on the glass plates, slightly smoothing the glass plates by hands, sequentially putting the rest glass plates into the glass tank body, putting a layer of bicolor lespeda seeds on the rest glass plates except the uppermost glass plate, sequentially inserting a glass support rod into a central through hole of the glass plates for fixing, pouring hydrogen peroxide for soaking, wherein the hydrogen peroxide must be higher than the uppermost glass plate by 1-1.5cm, covering the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and the glass cover, soaking for 2h, holding a cup handle, and supporting the glass support rod, the method comprises the steps of inclining a glass tank body to a horizontal position, allowing hydrogen peroxide to flow out from a water outlet, then opening a glass cover, pouring concentrated sulfuric acid which must be higher than a topmost glass plate by 1-1.5cm, covering the glass cover, soaking for 5min, holding a cup handle, propping against a glass support rod, inclining the glass tank body to the horizontal position, allowing the concentrated sulfuric acid to flow out from the water outlet, then opening the glass cover, washing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and bicolor lespedeza seeds in the glass tank body for 1min, taking out a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen, taking out the glass support rod and the glass plate, pouring all the seeds into the glass tank body, continuously washing for 1min, removing the concentrated sulfuric acid attached to the seed skin, finally pouring out water, pouring distilled water without the seeds into the glass tank body, and placing the glass tank body in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for soaking for more than 12 h.

4. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza in the mining wasteland as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation barrel in the second step is a cylindrical structure with an open top, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of one side of the cultivation barrel, a rubber plug is plugged on the water outlet, a circular support frame is installed in the cultivation barrel, a plurality of support columns are arranged at the bottom of the circular support frame, a plurality of hollowed support holes are arranged on the circular support frame, and a gauze layer is arranged on the circular support frame.

5. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor used in the mining wasteland ecological restoration of the mine wasteland as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the second step, before the seedling is transferred to the cultivation bucket, the clean gauze is cleaned and dried, and then the gauze is put into the mixed solution of 15g/L white sugar water and 0.4g/L potassium permanganate to be soaked for more than 1h, and is continuously stirred in the soaking process; then 2.5L CaCl was poured into the culture bucket₂And (3) solution, namely putting the circular support frame into a culture barrel, then flatly paving the gauze on the circular support frame, and finally transferring the seedlings onto the gauze, wherein the roots of the seedlings are immersed in the solution.

6. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza virescens in the mining wasteland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the culture device comprises a plurality of rows of culture containers and a lifting device which are transversely arranged, the top of each culture container is covered with a PVC cover plate, 7 holes are formed in the PVC cover plate for containing seedlings, the inner surface of the PVC cover plate is provided with a scale which vertically faces downwards, the bottom of each culture container is provided with a liquid outlet, cotton gauze is arranged at the bottom in each culture container and fixed through stones or hooks, and the cotton gauze at least completely covers the liquid outlet; the lifting device comprises a cover plate lifting mechanism, a vertical sliding rail and a transverse lifting mechanism, wherein the cover plate lifting mechanism comprises a plurality of symmetrical holding rods, the symmetrical holding rods are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of each row of culture containers in pairs and are detachably connected with corresponding PVC cover plates through clamping pieces respectively, two ends of the two symmetrical holding rods arranged on the two sides of each row of culture containers are in balanced connection through balancing rods, end parts of the two ends of the symmetrical holding rods are inserted into end plate sliding rails on end plates at the two ends respectively, and the two ends are driven by an end plate motor to move up and down on the end plate sliding rails; the two vertical sliding rails are arranged, the bottoms of the two vertical sliding rails are respectively fixed in the middle parts of the two end plates, and the tops of the two vertical sliding rails are respectively connected with a top motor; the transverse lifting mechanism comprises a transverse plate, two ends of the transverse plate are inserted between the two vertical slide rails, the transverse plate is driven by the middle motor to move up and down on the vertical slide rails, a plurality of parallel plant illumination lamps are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the transverse plate, and the two top motors and the middle motor are fixedly mounted on the top wall of the artificial culture chamber.

7. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor for the ecological restoration of the mining wasteland as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the third step, cotton gauze is firstly paved and fixed on the bottom in the culture container, and then special nutrient solution is poured in; wrapping 3-5 seedlings by using sponge, and fixedly inserting the wrapped seedlings into holes in the PVC cover plate; the PVC cover plate is provided with air holes, and the air vent pipes are inserted into the air holes and extend into the culture container to ensure the ventilation in the culture container; then starting an end plate motor to drive the symmetrical holding rods to further drive the PVC cover plate to move downwards, covering the PVC cover plate on the top of the culture container, and immersing the roots of the seedlings into a special culture solution in the culture container; the special culture solution is changed every three days, the liquid outlet of the culture container is opened firstly when the special culture solution is changed every time, the special culture solution flows out from a liquid outlet pipe connected with the liquid outlet after permeating cotton gauze, then a top motor drives a vertical slide rail, further an end plate drives a symmetrical support rod, finally a PVC cover plate is driven to move upwards, new culture solution is poured into the culture container, the root generation condition of all seedlings can be observed in the period, and finally the PVC cover plate is covered back on the culture container through the top motor; during the cultivation period, the plant illumination lamp can be driven by the middle motor to move up and down to adjust the distance from illumination to the seedling cotyledon.

8. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza as claimed in claim 7, wherein the tailored nutrient solution comprises three kinds, the pH is adjusted to 4.5, when the tailored nutrient solution is changed, the length of a single root is measured to be not more than 10cm by a scale on a PVC cover, the first nutrient solution is poured into the culture container, when the length of a single root is 10cm to 15cm, the poured nutrient solution is the second nutrient solution, and when the length of a single root is more than 15cm, the third nutrient solution is poured; the first nutrient solution comprises: 95 wt% of nutrient solution A and 5 wt% of nutrient solution B; the second nutrient solution comprises: 85 wt% of nutrient solution and 15 wt% of nutrient solution B; the third nutrient solution comprises: 50 wt% of nutrient solution A and 50 wt% of nutrient solution C; the nutrient solution A comprises: 5mmol/L KNO₃、5mmol/L Ca(NO₃)₂、2mmol/L MgSO₄、1mmol/L NH₄H₂PO₄、20μmol/L Na-FeEDTA、3μmol/L HBO₃、0.5μmol/L MnCl₂、0.2μmol/L CuSO₄、0.4μmol/L ZnSO₄、0.1μmol/L CoCl₂And 1. mu. mol/L (NH)₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄(ii) a The preparation method of the nutrient solution B comprises the following steps: cleaning 10g of mustard, 30g of corn stigma, 30g of peeled aloe leaf, 30g of tomato and 50g of potato, adding 1L of rice washing water, crushing into paste to obtain a mixed solution, pouring the mixed solution into an autoclave, heating to 121 ℃, heating for 10min, filtering the mixed solution to obtain a filtrate, and diluting by 10 times to obtain a nutrient solution B; the preparation method of the nutrient solution C comprises the following steps: taking 300g of surface soil of mine waste land to be transplanted, adding 1L of waterThen stirring for 10min, standing for 20min, and taking the upper suspension to obtain the nutrient solution C.

9. The hydroponic method for the pioneer plant lespedeza as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step and the third step, the temperature in the artificial light cultivation room is set to 25 ± 2 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled to 65 ± 5%, and the light intensity is not less than 300 μmol photon m^–2s^–1The day and night cycle is 14h light/10 h dark.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a water culture method for ecological restoration of pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor in mine wasteland, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration of heavy metal pollution of soil.

Background

The main 'by-product' of mining is the small-sized mine waste land with a large amount of various heavy metals exceeding the standard, and the safety of the waste land is easily ignored by related environmental protection departments and enterprise managers due to small scale, large dispersity and low dam height. Since heavy metals cannot be eliminated by biodegradation, the soil self-cleaning effect can only be achieved by slow release into the environment, and the heavy metals released in the process have a high possibility of causing a certain amount of adverse effects on the earth surface, underground water bodies or surrounding soil. Most of small-sized mine waste lands are likely to be the main source of heavy metal pollution of peripheral farmland soil in practice, and have larger potential safety hazards. Therefore, the abandoned mine land occupies a large amount of land resources and has certain potential ecological risks, and the artificial natural ecosystem construction of the abandoned mine land is a feasible way for solving the problem of environmental risks.

The construction of the ecosystem needs to take vegetation restoration as a necessary precondition, thereby creating better site conditions for the propagation of subsequent organisms. Researches show that leguminous plants, compositae plants and gramineae plants are pioneer species for ecological restoration of mining wasteland, have strong adaptability, and have obvious effects of improving the physical and chemical properties and the nutritional status of soil, particularly annual leguminous plants with root nodules and stem nodules. Lespedeza Michx is a leguminous perennial herb, shrub or shrub, is a leguminous plant which can grow well on various soils and can endure various adversity stresses, and is an ideal pioneer species for repairing soils in mine wastelands and establishing conditions suitable for other species to grow and flourish. Meanwhile, the adoption of dominant pioneer species is a prerequisite condition for phytoremediation in heavy metal polluted sites. At present, the bicolor lespedeza species in lespedeza has the advantages of larger biomass, obvious adverse resistance and obvious heavy metal enrichment capacity compared with other lespedeza species. Generally, the growth speed of the plant in the seedling stage is slow, the bicolor lespedeza is hard in seed coats, and the seeds can germinate and bud after being normally planted in soil for weeks or even months, so that the rapid development of related repair work is greatly limited. Meanwhile, the adaptability of the lespedeza bicolor to heavy metals in soil in the vigorous growth period is superior to that in the seedling period. In order to make up for the obvious short plates in the restoration process, a set of indoor hydroponic technical method suitable for bicolor lespedes needs to be explored urgently. By the method, the Lespedeza bicolor plant which is cultured to a certain stage, has larger biomass and can adapt to the mine environment can be directly transplanted to the mine wasteland, the in-situ planting and repairing process is shortened, and the construction of an ecosystem of the mine wasteland is completed more quickly.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water culture method for restoring pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor in the ecological restoration of mine wastelands, aiming at the problems that various short plates, such as long budding time, unsuitability for mine environment and low survival rate, appear in the ecological restoration process of the lespedeza bicolor in the mine wastelands.

The invention provides a water culture method for ecological restoration of pioneer plant lespedeza bicolor in mine wasteland, which comprises the following steps:

step one, carrying out pretreatment on seed germination of lespedeza bicolor; spreading a certain amount of uniform bicolor lespedeza bicolor seeds in a multilayer glass tank, adding 1.5% hydrogen peroxide, completely soaking for 2h, pouring off the hydrogen peroxide, adding 98.3% concentrated sulfuric acid, and completely soaking for 5-8 min; then opening a water pipe below a tap water pipe, quickly pouring out concentrated sulfuric acid in the multilayer glass tank, fully washing seeds in the multilayer glass tank by using a large amount of tap water to remove sulfuric acid attached to the surface of the seeds, adding distilled water into the multilayer glass tank, and soaking in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for more than 12 hours.

Step two, culturing the Lespedeza virgata seedlings; putting the seeds after the imbibition process into a culture dish lined with wet filter paper, inverting, putting into an incubator for accelerating germination for 2-3d, and keeping dark light; when the sprouts grow to 2-3cm, adding a small amount of distilled water into the culture dish to keep the seedlings in a suspended state, carefully transferring the seedlings to a culture barrel with a gauze, and immersing the gauze in a mixed solution of 15g/L of white sugar water and 0.4g/L of potassium permanganate for more than 1h before putting the gauze into the culture barrel; placing the culture bucket in artificial illumination culture chamber for culturing for 5d, wherein the culture bucket contains 0.5mmol/L CaCl with pH of 4.5₂The solution is guaranteed to be replaced by CaCl every day₂Adding 15g/L white sugar into the culture solution; the temperature in the artificial light culture room is set to be 25 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled to be 65 +/-5 percent, and the light intensity is not lower than 300 mu mol photon m^–2s^–1Day and night cycle is 14h of light/10 h of darkness;

step three, transplanting the lespedeza into seedlings for culture; after 5d of culture, the seedlings are transferred into a culture device which comprises a plurality of seedlingsThe culture container and the lifting device, the top of the culture container is covered with a PVC cover plate with holes, the bottom of the culture container is provided with a liquid outlet, cotton gauze is arranged at the bottom in the culture container and at least completely covers the liquid outlet, the lifting device is detachably connected with the PVC cover plate, 3-5 seedlings are filled in each hole on the PVC cover plate and are wrapped and fixed by sponge, a vertical downward scale is arranged on the inner surface of the PVC cover plate, a special nutrient solution is filled in the culture container and is changed every three days, the formula of the special nutrient solution can be changed along with the difference of the root length, and the ventilation is kept during the culture period; culturing in artificial light culture room at 25+ -2 deg.C, relative humidity of 65 + -5%, and light intensity of not less than 300 μmol photonm^–2s^–1Day and night cycle is 14h of light/10 h of darkness; after culturing for 20-25 days, the height of the seedling reaches about 35cm, the total root length is about 1.2m, and the root surface area is about 10cm²The root volume is about 0.08cm³；

Step four, pre-treatment of seedling transplantation; and (3) migrating the grown seedlings and cotton gauze from the culture device, trimming, picking buds and dipping the grown seedlings in slurry, wrapping the cotton gauze which is just taken out from the culture container on the peripheral side surfaces of the grown seedlings, and waiting for transplantation.

Further, the multiple layer glass can in step one comprises: glass tank, glass support stick and the degressive glass board in proper order of a plurality of diameters, the lateral wall from the top down transverse diameter in the glass tank reduces gradually, glass tank's top upper cover is equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover, polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover upper cover is equipped with glass cover, the central point that polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and glass cover were covered all sets up the glass stick through-hole that holds glass support stick and pass through, be provided with the delivery port on one side of glass cover, two bisymmetries are provided with four at least blocks protruding on the upper portion lateral wall of glass tank, be provided with the opening that corresponds with the block protruding on the border of polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover, the opening one-to-one is hung and is located the block protruding, and it is fixed through the clamp, be provided with the cup on glass tank's the outside, a plurality of through-holes have all been seted up on every glass board, the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen has all been wrapped up outward to the glass board, the central point of every glass board and polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen all sets The glass support rod comprises a handheld part and a supporting part, the supporting part is inserted into the central through holes in the centers of the plurality of glass plates, the diameters of the supporting part from top to bottom are gradually reduced, the sizes of the supporting part are matched with the corresponding central through holes, and the handheld part extends outwards through the through holes of the glass rods.

Further, the method for flatly paving bicolor lespedeza seeds in a multilayer glass tank and soaking the bicolor lespedeza seeds in hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid in the step one comprises the following steps: cleaning all glass plates wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene filter screens, putting the glass plates with the smallest diameter into the bottom of a glass tank body for clamping, putting bicolor lespedeza seeds on the glass plates, slightly smoothing the glass plates by hands, putting the glass plates with the second smallest diameter into the glass tank body for clamping, putting the bicolor lespeda seeds on the glass plates, slightly smoothing the glass plates by hands, sequentially putting the rest glass plates into the glass tank body, putting a layer of bicolor lespeda seeds on the rest glass plates except the uppermost glass plate, sequentially inserting a glass support rod into a central through hole of the glass plates for fixing, pouring hydrogen peroxide for soaking, wherein the hydrogen peroxide must be higher than the uppermost glass plate by 1-1.5cm, covering the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and the glass cover, soaking for 2h, holding a cup handle, and supporting the glass support rod, the method comprises the steps of inclining a glass tank body to a horizontal position, allowing hydrogen peroxide to flow out from a water outlet, then opening a glass cover, pouring concentrated sulfuric acid which must be higher than a topmost glass plate by 1-1.5cm, covering the glass cover, soaking for 5min, holding a cup handle, propping against a glass support rod, inclining the glass tank body to the horizontal position, allowing the concentrated sulfuric acid to flow out from the water outlet, then opening the glass cover, washing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and bicolor lespedeza seeds in the glass tank body for 1min, taking out a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen, taking out the glass support rod and the glass plate, pouring all the seeds into the glass tank body, continuously washing for 1min, removing the concentrated sulfuric acid attached to the seed skin, finally pouring out water, pouring distilled water without the seeds into the glass tank body, and placing the glass tank body in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for soaking for more than 12 h.

Further, the culture barrel in the second step is of a cylindrical structure with an open top, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of one side of the culture barrel, a rubber plug is blocked on the water outlet, a circular support frame is installed in the culture barrel, a plurality of support columns are arranged at the bottom of the circular support frame, a plurality of hollowed support holes are formed in the circular support frame, and a gauze layer is arranged on the circular support frame.

Further, in the second step, before the seedlings are transferred into the culture barrel, cleaning and airing a clean gauze, then putting the gauze into a mixed solution of 15g/L of white sugar water and 0.4g/L of potassium permanganate, soaking for more than 1h, and continuously stirring in the soaking process; then 2.5L CaCl was poured into the culture bucket₂And (3) solution, namely putting the circular support frame into a culture barrel, then flatly paving the gauze on the circular support frame, and finally transferring the seedlings onto the gauze, wherein the roots of the seedlings are immersed in the solution.

Furthermore, in the third step, the culture device comprises a plurality of rows of culture containers and lifting devices which are transversely arranged, a PVC cover plate is covered on the top of each culture container, 7 holes are formed in the PVC cover plate and used for containing seedlings, a vertical downward scale is arranged on the inner surface of the PVC cover plate, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of each culture container, cotton gauze is arranged at the bottom in each culture container and fixed through stones or hooks, and the cotton gauze at least completely covers the liquid outlet; the lifting device comprises a cover plate lifting mechanism, a vertical sliding rail and a transverse lifting mechanism, wherein the cover plate lifting mechanism comprises a plurality of symmetrical holding rods, every two symmetrical holding rods are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of each row of culture container in a pairwise manner and are detachably connected with corresponding PVC cover plates through clamping pieces respectively, two ends of the two symmetrical holding rods arranged on the two sides of each row of culture container are in balanced connection through balancing rods, end parts of the two ends of the symmetrical holding rods are inserted into end plate sliding rails on end plates at the two ends respectively, and the two ends are driven by an end plate motor to move up and down on the end plate sliding rails; the two vertical sliding rails are arranged, the bottoms of the two vertical sliding rails are respectively fixed in the middle parts of the two end plates, and the tops of the two vertical sliding rails are respectively connected with a top motor; the transverse lifting mechanism comprises a transverse plate, two ends of the transverse plate are inserted between the two vertical slide rails, the transverse plate is driven by the middle motor to move up and down on the vertical slide rails, a plurality of parallel plant illumination lamps are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the transverse plate, and the two top motors and the middle motor are fixedly mounted on the top wall of the artificial culture chamber.

Further, in the third step, firstly, cotton gauze is laid on the bottom in the culture container and fixed, and then special nutrient solution is poured in; wrapping 3-5 seedlings by using sponge, and fixedly inserting the wrapped seedlings into holes in the PVC cover plate; the PVC cover plate is provided with air holes, and the air vent pipes are inserted into the air holes and extend into the culture container to ensure the ventilation in the culture container; then starting an end plate motor to drive the symmetrical holding rods to further drive the PVC cover plate to move downwards, covering the PVC cover plate on the top of the culture container, and immersing the roots of the seedlings into a special culture solution in the culture container; the special culture solution is changed every three days, the liquid outlet of the culture container is opened firstly when the special culture solution is changed every time, the special culture solution flows out from a liquid outlet pipe connected with the liquid outlet after permeating cotton gauze, then a top motor drives a vertical slide rail, further an end plate drives a symmetrical support rod, finally a PVC cover plate is driven to move upwards, new culture solution is poured into the culture container, the root generation condition of all seedlings can be observed in the period, and finally the PVC cover plate is covered back on the culture container through the top motor; during the cultivation period, the plant illumination lamp can be driven by the middle motor to move up and down to adjust the distance from illumination to the seedling cotyledon.

Further, the special nutrient solutions comprise three types, the pH value is adjusted to 4.5, when the special nutrient solution is changed, the length of a single root is measured to be not more than 10cm through a ruler on a PVC cover, the first nutrient solution is poured into the culture container, when the length of the single root is 10cm to 15cm, the poured nutrient solution is the second nutrient solution, and when the length of the single root is more than 15cm, the third nutrient solution is poured; the first nutrient solution comprises: 95 wt% of nutrient solution A and 5 wt% of nutrient solution B; the second nutrient solution comprises: 85 wt% of nutrient solution and 15 wt% of nutrient solution B; the third nutrient solution comprises: 50 wt% of nutrient solution A and 50 wt% of nutrient solution C; the nutrient solution A comprises: 5mmol/L KNO₃、5mmol/L Ca(NO₃)₂、2mmol/L MgSO₄、1mmol/L NH₄H₂PO₄、20μmol/L Na-FeEDTA、3μmol/L HBO₃、0.5μmol/L MnCl₂、0.2μmol/L CuSO₄、0.4μmol/L ZnSO₄、0.1μmol/L CoCl₂And 1. mu. mol/L (NH)₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄(ii) a The preparation method of the nutrient solution B comprises the following steps: cleaning 10g of mustard, 30g of corn stigma, 30g of peeled aloe leaf, 30g of tomato and 50g of potato, adding 1L of rice washing water, crushing into paste to obtain a mixed solution, pouring the mixed solution into an autoclave, heating to 121 ℃, heating for 10min, filtering the mixed solution to obtain a filtrate, and diluting by 10 times to obtain a nutrient solution B; the preparation method of the nutrient solution C comprises the following steps: and (3) taking 300g of surface soil of the mine waste land to be transplanted, adding 1L of water, stirring for 10min, standing for 20min, and taking upper suspension to obtain the nutrient solution C.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the water culture method for the pioneer plant lespedeza used for ecological restoration of the abandoned mine land can quickly cultivate a restoration carrier for the transplantation and restoration of the abandoned mine land and save a certain time cost, can be implemented by the technical method, can cultivate a lespedeza seedling with larger biomass, better solves the problem of weaker stress resistance of the plant at the seedling stage, lays a good foundation for realizing the aims of quick ecological restoration of heavy metal pollution of the soil of the abandoned mine land and early reconstruction of a new ecological system, and can be popularized and applied in the cultivation of restoration plants of other abandoned mine lands.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multiple layer glass can provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation vat according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the culture apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the lid lifting mechanism of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the end plate of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the culture vessel in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a scan of the root system of Lespedeza virgata after 20 days of culture in step three;

in the figure: the device comprises a glass tank body 1, a glass support rod 2, a handheld part 201, a support part 202, a glass plate 3, a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover 4, a glass cover 5, a water outlet 6, a clamping boss 7, a cup handle 8, a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen 9, a culture bucket 11, a water outlet 12, a rubber plug 13, a circular support frame 14, a support column 15, a frame hole 16, a gauze layer 17, a culture device 21, a culture container 22, a PVC cover plate 23, a hole 24, a scale 25, a liquid outlet 26, cotton gauze 27, a cover plate lifting mechanism 28, a vertical slide rail 29, a transverse lifting mechanism 30, a symmetrical holding rod 31, a clamping piece 32, a balance rod 33, an end plate 34, an end plate slide rail 35, an end plate motor 36, a top motor 37, a transverse plate 38, a middle motor 39 and a plant.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a water culture method for restoring pioneer plant lespedeza in mining wasteland ecologically, which comprises the following steps:

step one, carrying out pretreatment on seed germination of lespedeza bicolor;

uniformly spreading a certain amount of bicolor lespedeza bicolor seeds in a multilayer glass tank, adding 1.5% hydrogen peroxide, completely soaking for 2 hours, pouring off the hydrogen peroxide, adding 98.3% concentrated sulfuric acid in mass fraction, and completely soaking for 5-8 minutes, wherein the completely soaking for 5-8 minutes is determined according to the observation of the color of the seed coat after the concentrated sulfuric acid is added, the seeds can be directly killed if the time is too long, the seed coat is observed to be damaged and incapable of germinating in the later period, and the seed coat is not sufficiently softened if the treatment time is too short, so that the seeds cannot complete the imbibition process, and the seeds cannot germinate. Then opening a water pipe below a tap water pipe, quickly pouring out concentrated sulfuric acid in the multilayer glass tank, fully washing seeds in the multilayer glass tank by using a large amount of tap water to remove sulfuric acid attached to the surface of the seeds, adding distilled water into the multilayer glass tank, and soaking in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for more than 12 hours. The method for fully washing the seeds by using a large amount of tap water means that sulfuric acid attached to the surface of the seed coat must be washed clean, otherwise, the seeds are corroded by the sulfuric acid to form bad seeds in the later period, and the germination of other seeds is influenced. For this reason, the seeds are occasionally washed with water and replaced within 12 hours of the soaking in distilled water, and particularly, when slight discoloration of the distilled water is found, the seeds must be replaced with new distilled water in time.

When the seeds are treated before germination, 1.5% of hydrogen peroxide is used for treatment, the outer layer of the seed coat is softened, 98.3% of concentrated sulfuric acid is used for softening and breaking the softened seed coat, and finally the germination rate of the seeds is improved.

Wherein, multilayer glass jar includes: the glass jar body 1, glass support stick 2 and a plurality of glass plate 3 that the diameter descends in proper order. Lateral wall from the top down transverse diameter in the glass jar body 1 reduces gradually, the top upper cover of the glass jar body 1 is equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover 4, polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover 4 upper cover is equipped with glass lid 5, central point on polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover 4 and the glass lid 5 puts and all sets up the glass stick through-hole that holds glass support stick 2 and pass through, be provided with delivery port 6 on one side of glass lid 5, two bisymmetries are provided with four at least card protruding 7 on the upper portion lateral wall of the glass jar body 1, be provided with the opening that corresponds with card protruding 7 on the border of polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover 4, the opening one-to-one hangs and locates on card protruding 7, and it is fixed through the clamp. Be provided with the cup on the outside of the glass jar body 1 and handle 8, all seted up a plurality of through-holes on every glass board 3, glass board 3 has all wrapped up polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen 9 outward, and the central point of every glass board 3 and polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen 9 puts the central through-hole that all seted up the centre of a circle and the centre of a circle of glass stick through-hole and lie in the collinear, and a plurality of glass boards 3 interval clamps respectively in the glass jar body 1, and from the top down central through-hole diameter reduces gradually. The distance between two adjacent glass plates 3 is 1.2-1.5 times of the height of the bicolor lespedeza seeds, so that lespedeza cannot move back and forth between the two glass plates 3, the diameter of the through hole is 1-3 times of the length of the bicolor lespedeza seeds, and the diameter of the meshes of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen 9 is smaller than the length of the bicolor lespedeza seeds. The glass support rod 2 comprises a handheld part 201 and a support part 202, the support part 202 is inserted into a central through hole in the centers of a plurality of glass plates, the diameter of the support part 202 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the size of the support part is matched with that of the corresponding central through hole, and the handheld part 201 extends outwards through the through hole of the glass rod. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-layer glass can provided by the present invention.

The method for flatly paving bicolor lespedeza seeds in a multilayer glass tank and soaking the bicolor lespedeza seeds in hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid comprises the following steps: cleaning all glass plates wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene filter screens, putting the glass plates with the smallest diameter into the bottom of a glass tank body for clamping, putting bicolor lespedeza seeds on the glass plates, slightly smoothing the glass plates by hands, putting the glass plates with the second smallest diameter into the glass tank body for clamping, putting the bicolor lespeda seeds on the glass plates, slightly smoothing the glass plates by hands, sequentially putting the rest glass plates into the glass tank body, putting a layer of bicolor lespeda seeds on the rest glass plates except the uppermost glass plate, sequentially inserting a glass support rod into a central through hole of the glass plates for fixing, pouring hydrogen peroxide for soaking, wherein the hydrogen peroxide must be higher than the uppermost glass plate by 1-1.5cm, covering the polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and the glass cover, soaking for 2h, holding a cup handle, and supporting the glass support rod, the method comprises the steps of inclining a glass tank body to a horizontal position, allowing hydrogen peroxide to flow out from a water outlet, then opening a glass cover, pouring concentrated sulfuric acid which must be higher than a topmost glass plate by 1-1.5cm, covering the glass cover, soaking for 5min, holding a cup handle, propping against a glass support rod, inclining the glass tank body to the horizontal position, allowing the concentrated sulfuric acid to flow out from the water outlet, then opening the glass cover, washing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen cover and bicolor lespedeza seeds in the glass tank body for 1min, taking out a polytetrafluoroethylene filter screen, taking out the glass support rod and the glass plate, pouring all the seeds into the glass tank body, continuously washing for 1min, removing the concentrated sulfuric acid attached to the seed skin, finally pouring out water, pouring distilled water without the seeds into the glass tank body, and placing the glass tank body in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for soaking for more than 12 h.

Step two, culturing the Lespedeza virgata seedlings; the seeds which finish the imbibition process are placed into a culture dish lined with wet filter paper, the seeds are placed into an incubator for germination for 2-3d after inversion, the darkness is kept, the culture dish lined with the wet filter paper is only required to keep the filter paper of the culture dish wet, the seeds which are over-dried and inverted cannot be attached to the filter paper, the seeds are rotten due to excessive moisture, the inversion is that the seeds can germinate uniformly and consistently due to the geotropism of the seeds, otherwise, more irregular roots can appear. When the sprouts grow to 2-3cm, adding a small amount of distilled water into the culture dish to keep the seedlings in a suspended state, carefully transferring the seedlings to a culture barrel with a gauze, and immersing the gauze in a mixed solution of 15g/L of white sugar water and 0.4g/L of potassium permanganate for more than 1h before putting the gauze into the culture barrel; placing the culture bucket in artificial illumination culture chamber for culturing for 5d, wherein the culture bucket contains 0.5mmol/L CaCl with pH of 4.5₂The solution is guaranteed to be replaced by CaCl every day₂Adding 15g/L white sugar into the culture solution; the temperature in the artificial light culture room is set to be 25 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled to be 65 +/-5 percent, and the light intensity is not lower than 300 mu mol photon m^–2s^–1The day and night cycle is 14h light/10 h dark.

The cultivation barrel 11 is of a cylindrical structure with an open top, a water outlet 12 is formed in the bottom of one side of the cultivation barrel 11, a rubber plug 13 is plugged in the water outlet 12, a circular support frame 14 is installed in the cultivation barrel 11, a plurality of support columns 15 are arranged at the bottom of the circular support frame 14, a plurality of hollow frame holes 16 are formed in the circular support frame 14, and a gauze layer 17 is arranged on the circular support frame 14. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cultivation vat provided by the present invention.

Before the seedlings are transferred into a culture barrel, cleaning and airing a clean gauze, then putting the gauze into a mixed solution of 15g/L of white sugar water and 0.4g/L of potassium permanganate, soaking for more than 1h, and continuously stirring in the soaking process; then 2.5LCaCl was poured into the culture tank₂And (3) solution, namely putting the circular support frame into a culture barrel, then flatly paving the gauze on the circular support frame, and finally transferring the seedlings onto the gauze, wherein the roots of the seedlings are immersed in the solution. The reason why the seedlings are transferred to the plastic barrel with the gauze is to ensure that the parts above the cotyledon and other stems cannot be soaked in the solution for a long time except for the root part of the seedlings which are watered in the growth process, otherwise, the seedlings are rotten.

Step three, transplanting the lespedeza into seedlings for culture; after 5d of culture, seedlings are transferred into the culture device, the culture device comprises a plurality of culture containers and a lifting device, a PVC cover plate with holes is covered at the top of each culture container, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of each culture container, cotton gauze is arranged at the bottom in each culture container and at least completely covers the liquid outlet, the lifting device is detachably connected with the PVC cover plate, 3-5 seedlings are filled in each hole in the PVC cover plate and are wrapped and fixed through sponge, a vertical downward scale is arranged on the inner surface of the PVC cover plate, a special nutrient solution is filled in each culture container and is changed every three days, the formula of the special nutrient solution can be changed along with the difference of the root system length, and the ventilation; culturing in artificial light culture room at 25+ -2 deg.C, relative humidity of 65 + -5%, and light intensity of not less than 300 μmol photon m^–2s^–1Day and night cycle is 14h of light/10 h of darkness; after culturing for 20-25 days, the height of the seedling reaches about 35cm, the total root length is about 1.2m, and the root surface area is about 10cm²The root volume is about 0.08cm³；

Wherein, culture apparatus 21 includes a plurality of rows of culture containers 22 and elevating gear that are arranged transversely, and the outer side wall of culture container 22 is painted into black. Every cultivation container 22's top lid is equipped with PVC apron 23, has seted up 7 holes 24 on the PVC apron 23 for adorn the seedling, is provided with vertical decurrent scale 25 on the internal surface of PVC apron 23, and cultivation container 22's bottom is provided with liquid outlet 26, and cotton gauze 27 sets up to pass through stone or couple fixed in cultivation container 22 bottom, and cotton gauze 27 all covers liquid outlet 26 at least.

The lifting device comprises a cover plate lifting mechanism 28, a vertical slide rail 29 and a transverse lifting mechanism 30. The cover plate lifting mechanism 28 comprises a plurality of symmetrical holding rods 31, the symmetrical holding rods 31 are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of each row of culture containers 22, the symmetrical holding rods 31 are connected with the corresponding PVC cover plate 23 in a detachable mode through clamping pieces 32, the two ends of the two symmetrical holding rods 31 arranged on the two sides of each row of culture containers 22 are connected in a balanced mode through balance rods 33, the end portions of the two ends of the symmetrical holding rods 31 are inserted into end plate slide rails 35 on end plates 34 at the two ends respectively, and the two ends are driven by an end plate motor 36 to move up and down on the end plate slide rails 35. The vertical slide rails 29 are provided with two, the bottom parts of the two slide rails are respectively fixed at the middle parts of the two end plates 34, and the top parts of the two slide rails are respectively connected with a top motor 37. The transverse lifting mechanism 30 comprises a transverse plate 38, two ends of the transverse plate are inserted between the two vertical slide rails 29, the transverse plate 38 is driven by a middle motor 39 to move up and down on the vertical slide rails 29, a plurality of plant illumination lamps 40 arranged in parallel are fixedly installed at the bottom of the transverse plate 38, and the two top motors 37 and the middle motor 39 are both fixedly installed on the top wall of the artificial culture chamber. Referring to fig. 3-6, fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the cultivation apparatus provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the lid lifting mechanism of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the end plate of FIG. 3; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the culture vessel in FIG. 3.

When the lespedeza bicolor is transplanted into seedlings for culture, firstly, cotton gauze is laid on the bottom in a culture container and is fixed, and then special nutrient solution is poured in; wrapping 3-5 seedlings by using sponge, and fixedly inserting the wrapped seedlings into holes in the PVC cover plate; the PVC cover plate is provided with air holes, and the air vent pipes are inserted into the air holes and extend into the culture container to ensure the ventilation (3-5 bubbles are generated per minute) in the culture container; then starting an end plate motor to drive the symmetrical holding rods to further drive the PVC cover plate to move downwards, covering the PVC cover plate on the top of the culture container, and immersing the roots of the seedlings into a special culture solution in the culture container; the special culture solution is changed every three days, the liquid outlet of the culture container is opened firstly when the special culture solution is changed every time, the special culture solution flows out from a liquid outlet pipe connected with the liquid outlet after permeating cotton gauze, then a top motor drives a vertical slide rail, further an end plate drives a symmetrical support rod, finally a PVC cover plate is driven to move upwards, new culture solution is poured into the culture container, the root generation condition of all seedlings can be observed in the period, and finally the PVC cover plate is covered back on the culture container through the top motor; during the cultivation, accessible middle part motor drives the plant light and reciprocates, adjusts the distance of illumination to the seedling cotyledon, adjusts temperature and humidity in the cultivation room respectively through air temperature controller and air humidity controller, and air temperature controller and air humidity controller mountable also can place on the cultivation room corner in the vertical slide rail outside.

The special nutrient solutions comprise three types, the pH value is adjusted to 4.5, when the special nutrient solution is changed, the length of a single root is measured to be not more than 10cm through a scale on a PVC cover, the first nutrient solution is poured into the culture container, when the length of the single root is 10cm to 15cm, the poured nutrient solution is the second nutrient solution, and when the length of the single root is more than 15cm, the third nutrient solution is poured.

The first nutrient solution comprises: 95 wt% of nutrient solution A and 5 wt% of nutrient solution B; the second nutrient solution comprises: 85 wt% of nutrient solution and 15 wt% of nutrient solution B; the third nutrient solution comprises: 50 wt% of nutrient solution A and 50 wt% of nutrient solution C; the nutrient solution A comprises: 5mmol/L KNO₃、5mmol/L Ca(NO₃)₂、2mmol/L MgSO₄、1mmol/L NH₄H₂PO₄、20μmol/L Na-FeEDTA、3μmol/L HBO₃、0.5μmol/L MnCl₂、0.2μmol/L CuSO₄、0.4μmol/L ZnSO₄、0.1μmol/L CoCl₂And 1. mu. mol/L (NH)₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄(ii) a The preparation method of the nutrient solution B comprises the following steps: cleaning mustard 10g, stigma Maydis 30g, peeled folium Aloe 30g, fructus Lycopersici Esculenti 30g and rhizoma Solani Tuber osi 50g, adding 1L rice washing water with pH of 6.0, crushing into paste to obtain mixed solution (tap water can be used directly if no rice washing water is available, the effect is slightly poor), pouring the mixed solution into autoclave, heating to 121 deg.C for 10min, filtering to obtain filtrate, and diluting by 10 times to obtain nutrient solution B; the preparation method of the nutrient solution C comprises the following steps: taking 300g of surface soil of mine waste land to be transplanted, adding 1L of water, stirring for 10min, and standingStanding for 20min, and collecting the upper suspension to obtain nutrient solution C.

Step four, pre-treatment of seedling transplantation; and (3) migrating the grown seedlings and cotton gauze from the culture device, trimming, picking buds and dipping the grown seedlings in slurry, wrapping the cotton gauze which is just taken out from the culture container on the peripheral side surfaces of the grown seedlings, and waiting for transplantation.

Example 1

Selecting bicolor lespedeza in the west of the Yangtze river as a research material, selecting lespedeza bicolor seeds with consistent appearance, soaking the lespedeza bicolor seeds in 1.5% hydrogen peroxide for 2 hours, then soaking the lespedeza bicolor seeds in 98.3% concentrated sulfuric acid, washing the lespedeza bicolor seeds with distilled water, and then soaking the lespedeza bicolor seeds in the.

Culturing Lespedeza Linn seed in culture dish with filter paper for 2d, keeping dark light, and transferring into 0.5mmol/L CaCl when seed has 2-3cm root₂Culturing on a gauze soaked with a mixture of 15g/L of white sugar water and 0.4g/L of potassium permanganate in the solution, culturing for 5d, completely unfolding two cotyledons, transferring the seedlings into a culture device with the volume of 2.5L containing a special culture solution for culturing, pouring a first nutrient solution into the culture container when the length of a single root is not more than 10cm, pouring a second nutrient solution when the length of a single root is 10cm to 15cm, and pouring a third nutrient solution when the length of a single root is more than 15 cm. Each of the nutrient solutions in this application was adjusted to pH 4.5 with 1.0mol/L HCl and changed every three days, during which time the nutrient solution was kept aerated. Plant growth chamber conditions: the temperature is 25+2 ℃, the relative humidity is 75%, and the light intensity is 300 mu mol photon m^–2s^–1The day and night cycle was 14h light/10 h dark. Harvesting after 20d, measuring plant height, weighing, and measuring parameters such as total root length, total root surface area, total root volume and average root diameter on a root system scanner. See table 1 for various parameters and fig. 7 for a root scan.

TABLE 1 Lespedeza biomass and root system parameters table

According to statistics of big data, the height of the seedling plant reaches about 35cm after 20-25 days of culture,The total root length is about 1.2m, and the root surface area is about 10cm²The root volume is about 0.08cm³。

And finally, migrating the grown seedlings and cotton gauze out of the culture device, trimming, picking buds and dipping the grown seedlings in slurry, wrapping the cotton gauze just taken out of the culture container on the peripheral side surfaces of the grown seedlings, waiting for transplantation, and only wrapping the peripheral side surfaces without wrapping the bottom parts of the grown seedlings when paying attention to the wrapping.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to a technical method for carrying out culture from seeds to seedlings on bicolor lespedeza bicolor which is a pioneer plant carrier for ecological restoration of a mining wasteland by utilizing an indoor temperature control culture technology. The invention can quickly cultivate the restoration carrier for the mine wasteland transplantation restoration, saves certain time cost, can be implemented by the technical method, can cultivate the lespedeza with larger biomass into seedlings, better solves the problem of weak stress resistance of the plant in the seedling stage, lays a good foundation for realizing the aims of quick ecological restoration of heavy metal pollution of the mine wasteland soil and early reconstruction of a new ecological system, and can be popularized and applied in the cultivation of other mine wasteland restoration plants.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) the short plate for the ecological restoration of the mine wasteland, which has a longer whole ecological restoration process, is broken through the problem that the existing lespedeza bicolor seeds in a natural state germinate and seed coats have longer softening time. Meanwhile, through the implementation of the technical method, the lespedeza bicolor seedlings with certain biomass are cultivated, the problem that the stress resistance of the common plants in the seedling stage is weak is better solved, and the success probability of quickly finishing the ecological restoration of the mine waste land is improved. (2) The method provides a new idea of convenient operation, simplicity and easy popularization and application for the rapid ecological restoration of the mine wasteland, and can be popularized and applied in the cultivation of other mine wasteland restoration plants by utilizing the technical method.

The multi-layer glass tank, the culture barrel, the culture device and other equipment used in the method are designed independently, and can be better attached to the water culture method, so that the culture effect is doubled with half the effort; the three special culture solutions are prepared according to the mine environment, so that a foundation is laid for subsequent adaptation to the mine environment in the seedling raising process of the lespedeza bicolor without influencing the growth of the lespedeza bicolor, the situation that the lespedeza bicolor is killed in large scale due to environmental discomfort after being transplanted to the mine is avoided, and the survival rate of transplantation is improved.

Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art. The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.