阅读说明：本技术 一种生物菌肥及其制备方法和应用 (Biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 张丽霞 王宝良 王艳芳 彭建明 王尚波 王延谦 李戈 于 2021-01-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于肥料制备技术领域,公开了一种生物菌肥,包括如下重量份数的原料：中草药提取物8-12份、乳酸菌液5-10份、复合有机酸10-15份和纯化水70-80份。该生物菌肥可以活化土壤,减轻土壤板结程度,增加土壤的保水性和透气性,并且将该生物菌肥用于砂仁的生长过程中,可以有效提高砂仁的品质和产量。(The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and discloses a biological bacterial fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 5-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria liquid, 10-15 parts of composite organic acid and 70-80 parts of purified water. The biological bacterial fertilizer can activate soil, reduce soil hardening degree, increase water retention and air permeability of the soil, and can be used in the growth process of fructus amomi to effectively improve the quality and yield of the fructus amomi.)

1. The biological bacterial fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 5-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria liquid, 10-15 parts of composite organic acid and 70-80 parts of purified water.

2. The biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine extract is extracted from 25-30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 10-15 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu, 25-30 parts of gallnut, 20-25 parts of fructus cnidii and 20-30 parts of liquorice.

3. A biological bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the composite organic acid comprises 30-45 parts of malic acid, 20-30 parts of succinic acid and 40-55 parts of acetic acid.

4. A method of preparing a biological bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparing the Chinese herbal medicine extract: micronizing each Chinese medicinal material, mixing at a certain proportion, decocting with 4-5 times of water for 45-60min, naturally cooling to normal temperature, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(2) preparation of complex organic acid: mixing the organic acids according to a proportion, adding 4-5 times of purified water, and fully stirring until the organic acids are completely dissolved for later use;

(3) preparing lactic acid bacteria liquid: adding 100 hundred million-level lactic acid bacteria into water for soaking rice, sealing, standing and fermenting, and taking supernatant after fermentation is completed to obtain lactic acid bacteria liquid for later use;

(4) adding the measured compound organic acid and lactic acid bacteria liquid into the supernatant of the Chinese herbal medicine extract in sequence, and stirring and mixing uniformly.

5. The method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the superfine powder in step (1) is less than 10 μm.

6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rotation speed of the stirring in step (2) is 800-1000r/min, and the temperature is increased at a rate of 3-5 ℃/min during the stirring process, with the highest temperature being 80 ℃.

7. The preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the water for soaking the rice in the step (3) is 1:40-50, and the mass concentration of the water for soaking the rice is 10% -20%.

8. The method for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fermentation temperature in step (3) is 53-55 ℃, and the fermentation time is 72-84 h.

9. Use of a biological bacterial manure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 in promoting the production and quality of amomum villosum.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a biological bacterial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and application of the biological bacterial fertilizer in promoting the yield and quality of fructus amomi.

Background

Fructus amomi is one of large Chinese herbal medicine varieties used as both medicine and food and has the effects of resolving dampness, stimulating appetite, warming spleen, checking diarrhea, regulating qi and preventing miscarriage. Sha ren is usually combined with Hou Po, Zhi Shi and Chen Pi, and is indicated for fullness in chest and epigastrium, abdominal distention and poor appetite. The fructus Amomi based source is mainly derived from dried mature fruit of Amomum villosum Linn of Amomum of Zingiberaceae. The Yangchun sand is a warm and humid climate like rainforest in tropical south subtropical seasons, and is distributed in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian provinces of China.

The amomum villosum is completely derived from cultivation products, the planting area in China is over 50 ten thousand mu, and in recent years, in order to obtain high yield, chemical fertilizers are frequently applied in the production and planting of the amomum villosum, so that soil is hardened, and the effective ingredients of medicinal materials are reduced. Therefore, the problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a biological bacterial fertilizer that can activate soil and improve the quality and yield of fructus amomi.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a biological bacterial fertilizer, which can activate soil, increase water retention and air permeability of soil, and can effectively improve the quality and yield of fructus amomi when applied to the planting process of fructus amomi.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of Chinese herbal medicine extract, 5-10 parts of lactic acid bacteria liquid, 10-15 parts of composite organic acid and 70-80 parts of purified water.

The Chinese herbal medicine extract and the lactic acid bacteria have synergistic effect, so that pathogenic bacteria can be killed, beneficial bacteria can be protected, and the soil air permeability can be increased; the lactic acid bacteria liquid and the organic acid have the functions of promoting plant growth and improving fruit quality.

Preferably, in the biological bacterial manure, the Chinese herbal medicine extract is extracted from 25-30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 10-15 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu, 25-30 parts of Chinese gall, 20-25 parts of fructus cnidii and 20-30 parts of liquorice.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the matrine in radix Sophorae Flavescentis, euphorbia pekinensis, tannic acid in Galla chinensis, etc. exist together, and have antibacterial and disinfectant effects after combination.

Preferably, in the biological bacterial fertilizer, the composite organic acid consists of 30-45 parts of malic acid, 20-30 parts of succinic acid and 40-55 parts of acetic acid.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the three kinds of organic acids are easy to be absorbed by plant body, participate in new ageing and photosynthesis and stimulate plant growth and development.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing the Chinese herbal medicine extract: micronizing each Chinese medicinal material, mixing at a certain proportion, adding 4-5 times of water, decocting for 45-60min, naturally cooling to normal temperature, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(2) preparation of complex organic acid: mixing the organic acids according to a proportion, adding purified water 4-5 times of the mixed organic acids, and fully stirring until the organic acids are completely dissolved for later use;

(3) preparing lactic acid bacteria liquid: adding 100 hundred million-level lactic acid bacteria into water for soaking rice, sealing, standing and fermenting, and taking supernatant after fermentation is completed to obtain lactic acid bacteria liquid for later use;

(4) adding the measured compound organic acid and lactic acid bacteria liquid into the supernatant of the Chinese herbal medicine extract in sequence, and stirring and mixing uniformly.

Preferably, in the above method for preparing biological bacterial manure, the particle size of the superfine powder in step (1) is less than 10 μm.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the cell wall breaking rate of the superfine pulverized medicinal materials is above 95%, the release speed and release amount of effective components during decoction are greatly increased, and the utilization rate of the medicinal materials is improved.

Preferably, in the above method for preparing biological bacterial manure, the rotation speed of the stirring in step (2) is 800-.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the proper stirring speed and temperature can accelerate the dissolution of the organic acid.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer, the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the water for soaking the rice in the step (3) is 1:40-50, and the mass concentration of the water for soaking the rice is 10-20%.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the water for soaking the rice contains protein, starch and mineral substances, so that rich nutrition is provided for lactobacillus fermentation, the fermentation is promoted, and the higher the concentration of the water for soaking the rice is, the richer the nutrition is, and the better the fermentation effect is.

Preferably, in the above method for preparing biological bacterial manure, the fermentation temperature in step (3) is 53-55 ℃, and the fermentation time is 72-84 h.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the fermentation is carried out at a higher temperature, the fermentation speed is high, and the survival rate of mixed bacteria is low.

The invention also discloses application of the biological bacterial manure in promoting the yield and quality of fructus amomi.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the biological bacterial fertilizer disclosed by the invention can activate soil, reduce the soil hardening degree and increase the water retention and air permeability of the soil, and can be used in the growth process of the fructus amomi to effectively improve the quality and yield of the fructus amomi.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A preparation method of biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(1) micronizing each Chinese medicinal material (particle size less than 10 μm), sealing, and storing in dry place.

(2) Preparing the Chinese herbal medicines according to a proportion, adding 4 times of water, decocting for 60min, dissolving out effective components such as alkaloid, flavone, crude polysaccharide, amino acid and the like, naturally cooling to normal temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation on mixed liquor, and taking supernate for later use.

(3) The malic acid, the succinic acid and the acetic acid are weighed according to the mass, and are added with 4 times of purified water to be fully stirred, and are heated (5 ℃/min, the highest temperature is 80 ℃) while stirring (800-.

(4) Adding 100 hundred million-level lactic acid bacteria into water containing 20% of soaked rice, wherein the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the water containing the soaked rice is 1:50, heating to 53 ℃, sealing, standing and fermenting for 72 hours, and taking supernatant to obtain the lactic acid bacteria liquid.

(5) Adding the measured compound organic acid and lactic acid bacteria liquid into the traditional Chinese medicine liquid in sequence, stirring (800-.

Example 2

A preparation method of biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(3) micronizing each Chinese medicinal material (particle size less than 10 μm), sealing, and storing in dry place.

(4) Preparing the Chinese herbal medicines according to a proportion, adding 5 times of water, decocting for 60min, dissolving out effective components such as alkaloid, flavone, crude polysaccharide, amino acid and the like, naturally cooling to normal temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation on mixed liquor, and taking supernate for later use.

(3) Weighing malic acid, succinic acid and acetic acid according to the mass, adding 5 times of purified water, fully stirring, heating (5 ℃/min, up to 80 ℃) while stirring (800-.

(4) Adding 100 hundred million-level lactic acid bacteria into water containing 20% of soaked rice, wherein the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the water containing the soaked rice is 1:50, heating to 55 ℃, sealing and standing for fermentation for 84 hours, and taking supernatant to obtain the lactic acid bacteria liquid.

(5) Adding the measured compound organic acid and lactic acid bacteria liquid into the traditional Chinese medicine liquid in sequence, stirring (800-.

Example 3

(1) Micronizing each Chinese medicinal material (particle size less than 10 μm), sealing, and storing in dry place.

(2) Preparing the Chinese herbal medicines according to a proportion, adding 4 times of water, decocting for 45min, dissolving out effective components such as alkaloid, flavone, crude polysaccharide, amino acid and the like, naturally cooling to normal temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation on mixed liquor, and taking supernate for later use.

(3) The malic acid, the succinic acid and the acetic acid are weighed according to the mass, and are added with 4 times of purified water to be fully stirred, and are heated (3 ℃/min, the highest temperature is 80 ℃) while stirring (800-.

(4) Adding 100 hundred million-level lactic acid bacteria into water containing 10% of soaked rice, wherein the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the water containing the soaked rice is 1:40, heating to 53 ℃, sealing, standing and fermenting for 72 hours, and taking supernatant to obtain the lactic acid bacteria liquid.

(5) Adding the measured compound organic acid and lactic acid bacteria liquid into the traditional Chinese medicine liquid in sequence, stirring (800-.

Design of experiments

Treatment 1 (bacterial manure group): the experimental design was carried out on 20 liters of biological bacterial manure per mu, and when applying a base fertilizer in 10 middle days of autumn, 10 liters of the biological bacterial manure prepared in example 1 was sprayed on the organic fertilizer, applied to soil together with the organic fertilizer, and applied shallowly on the surface layer. In 1 ten days in the next month, 10 liters of biological bacterial manure is applied to each mu, and the specific application mode is to dilute the biological bacterial manure by 10 times, carefully spray the biological bacterial manure on the ground and the roots of the fructus amomi and carry out conventional field management.

Process 2 (blank CK): the rest of the treatment 1 is the same as the treatment without applying the biological bacterial manure.

Treatments 1 and 2 were each performed in three random replicates.

And (4) counting results: counting the number of the fruits of the amomum villosum after the fruits grow stably, calculating the yield increase condition of a single plant, and measuring the formation of volatile oil and acetic acid borneol in the amomum villosum according to a Chinese pharmacopoeia method, wherein the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1 Effect of biological bacterial manure on Amomum villosum production

Processing number	Total number of plants/2 m2	Number of results/2 m2	Number of single plants/2 m2
				CK1	143	44	0.31
CK2	91	24	0.26
				CK3	68	18	0.26
Bacterial manure group 1	92	175	1.90
				Bacterial manure group 2	70	111	1.59
Bacterial manure group 3	88	166	1.89

As can be seen from Table 1, compared with fructus Amomi subjected to conventional management, the biological bacterial manure prepared by the method has the advantages that the fructus Amomi fruiting number is remarkably increased, and the yield is effectively improved.

TABLE 2 Effect of biological bacterial manure on the quality improvement of Amomum villosum

As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the blank CK group, the growth rate of the borneol acetate in the fructus Amomi in the bacterial manure group is 140%, the growth rate of the volatile oil is 84.43%, and the growth of the effective components in the fructus Amomi is obvious.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the scheme disclosed by the embodiment, the scheme corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.