阅读说明：本技术 一种点吸收式波浪能发电装置 (Point absorption type wave energy power generation device ) 是由 马勇 赵天聪 解光慈 姚智 杨文吒 赵雅琴 李正郁 季春阳 于 2021-01-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及海洋能开发与可再生能源利用技术领域,公开了一种点吸收式波浪能发电装置,其包括漂浮于海面上的浮体、固定于海床上的锚座以及连接二者的缆绳,浮体内设有摩擦纳米发电单元,锚座内设有线性发电单元。本发明提供的点吸收式波浪能发电装置能够同时收集浮体垂荡方向与横、纵摇方向的波浪能量,能够将低频的波浪能大量的持续的转化为电能并就地为海洋监测设备进行供电,其结构简单、成本低、长续航、波浪能转换效率高、可靠性强并且以浮体为载体可搭载多种传感器与仪器设备,能够实现水质、水文、气象一体化实时观测。(The invention relates to the technical field of ocean energy development and renewable energy utilization, and discloses a point absorption type wave energy power generation device which comprises a floating body floating on the sea surface, an anchor seat fixed on the sea bed and a cable connecting the floating body and the anchor seat, wherein a friction nano power generation unit is arranged in the floating body, and a linear power generation unit is arranged in the anchor seat. The point absorption type wave energy power generation device provided by the invention can simultaneously collect wave energy in the heaving direction and the rolling and pitching directions of the floating body, can continuously convert a large amount of low-frequency wave energy into electric energy and supply power to ocean monitoring equipment on site, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, long endurance, high wave energy conversion efficiency and strong reliability, can carry various sensors and instruments by taking the floating body as a carrier, and can realize the integrated real-time observation of water quality, hydrology and meteorology.)

1. A point absorption type wave energy power generation device is characterized by comprising a floating body, an anchor seat and a cable for connecting the floating body and the anchor seat, wherein the floating body floats on the water surface, the floating body comprises a first shell and a friction nano power generation unit arranged in the first shell, the friction nano power generation unit comprises a first support, a capacitor and a friction nano unit group, the capacitor and the friction nano unit group are arranged on the first support, the anchor seat is fixed on a seabed, the anchor seat comprises a second shell and a linear power generation unit arranged in the second shell, the linear power generation unit comprises a second support, a metal coil, a piston rod and a magnet, a through hole is formed in the top of the second shell, the piston rod penetrates through the through hole and can reciprocate in the vertical direction, the magnet is sleeved on the piston rod and is fixedly connected with the piston rod, the second support is arranged around the piston rod and is fixedly connected with the second shell, the metal coil is arranged on the second support and connected with the capacitor through a cable, and the cable is respectively connected with the first shell and the piston rod.

2. The point absorption wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the friction nanogenerator comprises a plurality of friction nanogenerators embedded on the first support, each of the friction nanogenerators is connected in parallel with the capacitor, the friction nano generator comprises a power generation component embedded on the first support, the power generation component comprises a disc and an inertia ball, the discs are provided with a plurality of layers, each layer of discs are parallel to each other, a gap is formed between two adjacent layers of discs, the inertia ball is fitted in the gap, the disc and the inertia ball form a power generation assembly, the edge of the disc of the power generation assembly is provided with an auxiliary rod for plugging the gap, metal electrodes are plated on two sides of the disc, and each metal electrode is connected with the capacitor through a metal lead.

3. The point absorption wave energy power generation device according to claim 2, wherein a void exists in the metal electrode, and the void is marked as a, which satisfies the following condition:

and A is nd/1000w, wherein n is the number of the inertia balls, d is the diameter of the inertia balls, and w is the width of the metal electrode.

4. The point absorption wave energy power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the inertia ball is made of an insulating material or an electret material.

5. The point absorption type wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a counterweight cabin fixedly connected with the floating body is further arranged below the floating body, one end of the mooring rope, which is far away from the anchor block, is fixedly connected with the counterweight cabin, and a plurality of counterweight blocks are arranged in the counterweight cabin.

6. The point absorption wave energy power plant according to claim 5, wherein the first housing is preferably a cylinder or a sphere, the counterweight housing is preferably a cone, and the apex angle of the cone is 90-140 °.

7. The point absorption type wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein limiting springs are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the magnet, and the limiting springs are sleeved on the piston rod.

8. The point absorption wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a power management unit is further disposed within the first housing and electrically connected to the capacitor and the friction nano-generator unit, the power management unit being located at a top portion of the first bracket.

9. The point absorption wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a wind power generation unit and a solar power generation unit are provided on top of the first housing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean energy development and renewable energy utilization, in particular to a point absorption type wave energy power generation device.

Background

A large number of ocean monitoring devices such as underwater vehicles, beacon lights, buoys, submerged buoys and the like provide real-time and accurate information for ocean transportation, development, management and control and scientific research, and are important foundations for promoting ocean strong strategy and building intelligent oceans. At present, ocean monitoring equipment mainly depends on batteries for power supply, and as the ocean environment is complex and the battery capacity is limited, a large number of ocean monitoring equipment with wide distribution faces huge power supply challenges.

In order to solve the problem of power supply of ocean monitoring equipment, the ocean monitoring equipment is supplied with power by utilizing ocean wave energy, and the development direction of a power generation device is developed. In the prior art, there is a power generation device based on the electromagnetic induction power generation principle, which converts the low-frequency motion of waves into the high-speed rotation motion of a mechanical structure, so that the loss of mechanical energy is large, the power generation efficiency is low, and the power generation device can be damaged under the environment condition of heavy waves, which is not beneficial to long-term use. Therefore, a need exists for a novel point absorption type wave energy power generation device with complementary functions, simple structure, low cost, long endurance, high wave energy conversion efficiency and strong reliability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a point absorption type wave energy power generation device which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, long endurance, high wave energy conversion efficiency, strong reliability and the like.

Based on the above, the invention provides a point absorption type wave energy power generation device, which comprises a floating body, an anchor seat and a cable connecting the floating body and the anchor seat, wherein the floating body floats on the water surface, the floating body comprises a first shell and a friction nano power generation unit arranged in the first shell, the friction nano power generation unit comprises a first bracket, a capacitor and a friction nano unit group arranged on the first bracket, the anchor seat is fixed on the seabed, the anchor seat comprises a second shell and a linear power generation unit arranged in the second shell, the linear power generation unit comprises a second bracket, a metal coil, a piston rod and a magnet, the top of the second shell is provided with a through hole, the piston rod is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner and can reciprocate along the vertical direction, the magnet is sleeved on the piston rod and is fixedly connected with the piston rod, the second bracket is arranged around the piston rod and is fixedly connected with the second shell, the metal coil is arranged on the second support and connected with the capacitor through a cable, and the cable is respectively connected with the first shell and the piston rod.

In some embodiments of this application, friction nanometer unit includes that a plurality of inlays to be located friction nanometer generator on the first support, each friction nanometer generator all with condenser parallel connection, friction nanometer generator is including inlaying and locating electricity generation subassembly on the first support, electricity generation subassembly includes disc and inertia ball, the disc is equipped with multilayer and each layer the disc is parallel to each other, and is adjacent two-layer form the clearance between the disc, the inertia ball assemble in the clearance, the disc with the inertia ball forms electricity generation subassembly, electricity generation subassembly the edge of disc is equipped with and is used for the shutoff the auxiliary rod in clearance, the both sides of disc are plated and are equipped with metal electrode, each metal electrode pass through metal conductor with the condenser is connected.

In some embodiments of the present application, a void exists in the metal electrode, and the size of the void is denoted as a, where a satisfies the following condition:

and A is nd/1000w, wherein n is the number of the inertia balls, d is the diameter of the inertia balls, and w is the width of the metal electrode.

In some embodiments of the present application, the inertia ball is made of an insulating material or an electret material.

In some embodiments of the present application, a counterweight chamber fixedly connected to the floating body is further disposed below the floating body, one end of the mooring rope, which is far away from the anchor block, is fixedly connected to the counterweight chamber, and a plurality of counterweight blocks are disposed in the counterweight chamber.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first housing is preferably a cylinder or a sphere, the weight cartridge is preferably a cone, and the apex angle of the cone is 90-140 °.

In some embodiments of the present application, the upper end and the lower end of the magnet are provided with a limiting spring, and the limiting spring is sleeved on the piston rod.

In some embodiments of the present application, a power management unit electrically connected to the capacitor and the friction nano-generator unit is further disposed in the first housing, and the power management unit is located at the top of the first bracket.

In some embodiments of the present application, a wind power generation unit and a solar power generation unit are disposed on the top of the first housing.

Compared with the prior art, the point absorption type wave energy power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a point absorption type wave energy power generation device, which comprises a floating body, an anchor seat and a mooring rope, wherein a friction nanometer power generation unit is arranged in the floating body, a linear power generation unit is arranged in the anchor seat, the anchor seat is fixed on a seabed when in use, the floating body connected with the anchor seat floats on the sea surface, when the waves act on the floating body, the floating body is forced to vibrate and drives the piston rod to do heaving motion through the cable, the magnet fixedly connected with the piston rod is used as a mover to cut the magnetic induction wire in the heave motion so as to generate current in the metal coil, the current in the metal coil flows to the capacitor through the cable to be stored, meanwhile, the floating body is subjected to wave drag force, inertia force, mooring force of a cable and the like to pitch, and the friction nanometer unit in the floating body generates current based on the friction nanometer principle and transmits the current to the capacitor for storage, so that multi-structure simultaneous power generation of the floating body and the anchor seat is realized. Therefore, the point absorption type wave energy power generation device can collect wave energy in the heaving direction and the pitching direction of the floating body at the same time, can convert a large amount of low-frequency wave energy into electric energy continuously and supply power for ocean monitoring equipment on the spot, and is simple in structure, low in cost, long in endurance, high in wave energy conversion efficiency and strong in reliability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a point absorption type wave energy power generation device according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the internal structure of the float according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the internal structure of the anchor block of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-energy complementary power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an integrated structural schematic diagram of the wave energy power generation device and the ocean sensing node according to the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure, 1, a floating body; 11. a first housing; 12. a first bracket; 121. a top cover; 122. a base; 13. a capacitor; 14. a power management unit; 15. a friction nanogenerator; 151. a disc; 152. a metal electrode; 153. an inertial ball; 154. a metal wire; 16. a counterweight cabin; 161. a balancing weight; 17. an auxiliary lever; 2. a cable; 3. an anchor seat 31 and a second shell; 32. a waterproof cover; 33. a piston rod; 34. a magnet; 35. a protective shell; 36. a limiting spring; 37. a second bracket; 38. a metal coil; 4. a wind power generation unit; 5. a solar power generation unit.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

It should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", and the like are used herein to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, which are used only to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, "front" information may also be referred to as "rear" information, and "rear" information may also be referred to as "front" information without departing from the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a point absorption type wave energy power generation device, which comprises a floating body 1 floating on the sea surface, an anchor base 3 fixed on the sea bed, and a cable 2 connecting the two, wherein the floating body 1 comprises a spherical first housing 11 and a friction nano power generation unit arranged in the first housing 11, specifically, the friction nano power generation unit comprises a first support 12, a capacitor 13 and a friction nano power generator set, the capacitor 13 is arranged on a top cover 121 at the top of the first support 12, the friction nano power generator set comprises a plurality of friction nano power generators 15 embedded in the first support 12, each friction nano power generator 15 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 13, the friction nano power generator 15 comprises a power generation assembly arranged on the first support 12, the power generation assembly comprises a plurality of layers of disks 151 arranged in parallel with each other, a gap is formed between two adjacent layers of disks 151, and a rollable inertial ball 153 is arranged in the gap, the inertia ball 153 is arranged in the gap and then assembled on the auxiliary rod 17 together with the disc 151, metal electrodes 152 are attached to two sides of the disc 151, and each metal electrode 152 is connected with the capacitor 13 through a metal lead 154; the anchor block 3 comprises a second shell 31 and a linear power generation unit arranged in the second shell 31, specifically, the linear power generation unit comprises the second shell 31, a waterproof cover 32, a piston rod 33, a magnet 34, a second bracket 37 and a metal coil 38, wherein the waterproof cover is arranged at the top of the second shell 31, a through hole is formed in the middle of the waterproof cover 32, the piston rod 33 is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner and can reciprocate along the vertical direction, the magnet 34 is sleeved on the piston rod 33 and fixedly connected with the piston rod 33, the second bracket 37 is arranged around the piston rod 33 and fixedly connected with the second shell 31, and the metal coil 38 is arranged on the second bracket 37 and connected with the capacitor 13 through a cable; the cable 2 is connected at one end to the bottom of the first housing 11 and at the other end to the top of the piston rod 33.

Based on the structure, when the device is used, the anchor base 3 is fixed on the seabed, the floating body 1 connected with the anchor base 3 floats on the sea surface, when waves act on the floating body 1, the floating body 1 is forced to vibrate, the inertia ball 153 rolls along with the vibration of the floating body 1 and rubs against the metal electrode 152, the surface of the metal electrode 152 induces friction to generate charges, and the metal electrode 152 induces different amounts of charges due to the movement position of the inertia ball 153 and forms a potential difference along with the excitation action of wave external force, so that the metal electrode 152 generates continuous current and transmits the current to the capacitor 13 through the metal lead 154; meanwhile, the piston rod 33 is driven by the vibration of the floating body 1 through the cable 2 to do heaving motion, the magnet 34 fixedly connected with the piston rod 33 serves as a mover to cut a magnetic induction line in the heaving motion so as to generate current in the metal coil 38, and the current in the metal coil 38 flows to the capacitor 13 through the cable to be stored, so that multi-structure simultaneous power generation of the floating body 1 and the anchor base 3 is realized. Therefore, the point absorption type wave energy power generation device can be fixed on a certain point on the sea and can collect wave energy in the heaving direction and the pitching direction of the floating body 1 at the same time, a large amount of low-frequency wave energy can be continuously converted into electric energy to supply power for ocean monitoring equipment on the spot, and the point absorption type wave energy power generation device is simple in structure, low in cost, long in endurance, high in wave energy conversion efficiency and strong in reliability.

It should be noted that, in order to ensure the normal operation of the friction nano-generator 15, the inertia ball 153 is made of an insulator or electret material, such as silica gel, rubber, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyoxymethylene, etc.; the metal electrode 152 is made of a metal conductive material, and specifically, the metal conductive material includes an alloy material, a composite metal, or a special-function conductive material such as an aluminum-copper alloy, a conductive plastic, a conductive rubber, a conductive fiber fabric, a conductive paint, and the like.

Further, a certain gap (not shown) exists in the metal electrodes 152, specifically, the size of the gap determines the output voltage of the friction nano-generator, when the gap increases, the capacitance between the two metal electrodes 152 decreases, the corresponding open-circuit voltage increases, and the optimal load value also increases, but when the movement speed of the inertia ball 153 is not changed, the movement period thereof also increases, so that an optimal gap exists according to the obtained average power, and after repeated experiments, the size of the gap is denoted as a, and the optimal gap size a satisfies the following condition: and A is nd/1000w, wherein n is the number of inertia balls, d is the diameter of the inertia balls, and w is the width of the metal electrode.

Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a current management unit 14 is further disposed at the top of the first support 12, and is configured to adjust and configure the generated electric energy, and includes a controller and a rectifier, the friction nano-generator 15 unit and the linear power generation unit are respectively connected to the rectifier, the current is adjusted by the rectifier and enters the capacitor 13, and the controller is responsible for outputting a feedback control signal and transmitting the feedback control signal to the power utilization unit.

Optionally, in order to ensure that the floating body 1 is stable and can better receive wave energy, in some embodiments of the application, a counterweight cabin 16 fixedly connected with the floating body 1 is arranged below the floating body 1, one end of the mooring rope 2 connected with the floating body 1 is fixedly connected with the counterweight cabin 16, a plurality of counterweight blocks 161 are arranged in the counterweight cabin 16, and the counterweight blocks 161 can effectively balance the stress of the floating body 1 and ensure the stability of the floating body 1; further, the first housing 11 is preferably a cylinder or a sphere, the counterweight chamber 16 is preferably a cone, the specially-shaped structure design of the upper sphere and the lower sphere can effectively improve the heave, pitch and roll motion frequency of the floating body 1, the energy conversion efficiency is further increased within the bearing range of the wave energy power generation device, specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the first housing 11 is preferably a sphere, and the vertex angle of the cone-shaped counterweight chamber 16 is preferably 90-140 degrees.

Further, in some embodiments of this application, magnet 34 is provided with limiting spring 36 at its upper and lower ends, and limiting spring 36 is sleeved on piston rod 33, so that when piston rod 33 moves upward or downward, magnet 34 first contacts limiting spring 36, and magnet 34 is prevented from directly striking second housing 31, which affects the service life of magnet 34 and second housing 31, and further, in order to ensure normal use of magnet 34, without being interfered by limiting spring 36, magnet 34 is sleeved with protective shell 35.

Furthermore, the point absorption type wave energy power generation device provided by the invention can be integrated with other ocean renewable energy power generation devices, and specifically, as shown in fig. 5, a wind power generation unit 4 and a solar power generation unit 5 are arranged on the top of the first housing 11. Under the conditions of extreme weather, severe sea conditions and the like, the continuous power supply requirement of ocean monitoring equipment cannot be met by a single-variety energy collection mode, and the survival capability, the reliability and the energy conversion efficiency of the wave energy power generation device can be improved by utilizing the multi-energy complementary energy collection modes of wind energy, solar energy and the like.

In addition, since the waves in the sea are low frequency and irregular, the alternating current generated by each power generation unit is unstable, and the generated alternating current needs to be processed to meet the use or storage requirement. Therefore, as shown in fig. 6, the present application further provides an integrated structure of an ocean sensor node and a wave energy power generation device, which includes the following three modules: 1. the marine monitoring module is used for data acquisition and comprises a plurality of probes and sensors; 2. a wireless transmission module for wireless data communication, consisting of an RF transceiver and an antenna, for transmitting data and receiving instructions from a receiving node; 3. the energy management module for energy supply comprises an energy collection system (wave energy power generation device, other power generation devices), an energy management system and an energy storage system (rechargeable battery). The wave energy power generation device under the integrated structure can supply power for ocean sensing nodes or monitoring equipment so as to realize in-situ power supply and self-driving in the ocean monitoring field, and energy collection is integrated into a design system of a distributed ocean sensor, so that comprehensive coverage of an ocean sensor network is finally realized.

In summary, the invention provides a point absorption type wave energy power generation device, which comprises a floating body floating on the sea surface, an anchor seat fixed on the sea bed and a cable connecting the floating body and the anchor seat, wherein a friction nanometer power generation unit is arranged in the floating body, and a linear power generation unit is arranged in the anchor seat. Compared with the prior art, the point absorption type wave energy power generation device can collect wave energy in the heaving direction and the pitching direction of the floating body at the same time, can convert a large amount of low-frequency wave energy into electric energy continuously and supply power to ocean monitoring equipment on the spot, and is simple in structure, low in cost, long in endurance, high in wave energy conversion efficiency and strong in reliability.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.