阅读说明：本技术 两级微纳米理想气体工质制冷机、制冷方法、终端、介质 (Two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator, refrigerating method, terminal and medium ) 是由 聂文杰 于 2021-01-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于工程热物理技术领域,公开了一种两级微纳米理想气体工质制冷机、制冷方法、终端、介质,充入工质气体,并利用温度梯度控制装置在通道回路两端形成不同的工质温度,形成由尺寸差异导致的热势；调节冷却源温度和工质气体温度,利用线性导热材料从冷却源抽运热量到微纳米热尺寸制冷单元模块组合；调节热源温度和工质气体温度,利用导热材料热量通过两级微纳米热尺寸制冷机抽运释放到热场直至完成热力循环。本发明可以实现以稳定气流为工质的制冷机循环,不需要可移动机械部件,减小了系统中的机械摩擦。本发明工质气体处于封闭通道循环流动,避免了工质气体直接进入耗散源。(The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering thermophysics, and discloses a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator, a refrigeration method, a terminal and a medium, wherein working medium gas is filled in the refrigerator, and different working medium temperatures are formed at two ends of a channel loop by utilizing a temperature gradient control device to form a thermal potential caused by size difference; adjusting the temperature of a cooling source and the temperature of working medium gas, and pumping heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination by utilizing a linear heat conduction material; and adjusting the temperature of a heat source and the temperature of working medium gas, and pumping and releasing heat of a heat conduction material to a thermal field through a two-stage micro-nano thermal dimension refrigerator until thermodynamic cycle is completed. The invention can realize the circulation of the refrigerator which takes stable airflow as working medium, does not need movable mechanical parts and reduces the mechanical friction in the system. The working medium gas circularly flows in the closed channel, so that the working medium gas is prevented from directly entering a dissipation source.)

1. The utility model provides a micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator of two-stage based on thermal dimension effect which characterized in that, the micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator of two-stage based on thermal dimension effect includes:

the external power input channel module comprises an on-chip gas fluid external air return channel, an airflow inlet interface, an airflow outlet interface, a gas permeable wall and a channel airflow stabilizing driver; the air flow control device is used for adjusting the driving power to form a stable air flow loop;

the whole machine system cold electrode heat transfer module is used for adjusting the temperature of a cold source, controlling a heat transfer mode and adjusting the heat conductivity coefficient of a heat conduction material;

the single micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module comprises an on-chip etching micro-channel, a porous permeable wall, a heat insulation wall, a heat regenerator, a temperature gradient control device and working medium airflow; the system is used for forming a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes based on a Peltier-like effect and a Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and a regenerative process in the system and realizing heat pumping;

the lower-layer thermal-size unit module comprises a micro-nano thermal-size refrigeration unit module combination, a combined unit airflow outlet interface and a temperature gradient control device; the system is used for arranging and combining single micro-nano heat-size refrigerating unit modules into a lower layer to exchange heat at a limited rate;

the upper-layer thermal size unit module comprises a micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination, a combined unit airflow inlet interface and a temperature gradient control device; the micro-nano heat-size refrigerating unit modules are arranged and combined to form an upper layer, and heat is exchanged at a limited rate;

the whole system hot electrode heat transfer module is used for adjusting the temperature of a heat source, controlling the heat transfer mode and adjusting the thermal conductivity coefficient of a heat conducting material.

2. The two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on the thermal size effect according to claim 1, wherein the external power input channel module comprises:

the gas fluid on the chip is externally connected with a gas return channel and used for storing the gas fluid;

the air flow inlet and outlet interfaces are connected with the etching micro-channels on the single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerating unit module;

and the gas permeable wall is used for stabilizing the gas flow of the whole machine system and effectively exchanging heat.

And the channel airflow stabilizing driver is used for driving the gas fluid in the air return channel on the sheet to flow in a certain direction.

3. The two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on the thermal size effect according to claim 1, wherein the single micro-nano thermal size refrigerating unit module comprises:

etching micro-channel on the chip to make square or round micro-channel;

the porous permeable wall is positioned at the channel fracture of the two parts with two different sizes and is used for connecting the two parts into a loop;

an insulating wall for separating the microchannel into two portions of two different dimensions;

the heat regenerator is used for carrying out system heat regeneration;

and the temperature gradient control device is used for forming different working medium temperatures at two ends of the channel loop based on the charged working medium gas so as to form thermal potential caused by size difference.

And the working medium gas flow is formed based on the charged working medium gas.

4. The two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on the thermal size effect according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nano thermal size refrigerating unit modules are different in the number of upper and lower layer size units.

5. A two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerating method based on a thermal size effect is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an airflow stabilizing driver drives gas fluid in an on-chip return air channel to flow in a certain direction, the gas fluid is connected with an on-chip etching micro-channel in a single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerating unit module through an airflow inlet and outlet interface, and driving power is adjusted to form a stable airflow loop;

secondly, constructing a square or round micro-channel by using an on-chip etching micro-nano technology, separating the micro-channel into two parts with different sizes by using a heat insulation wall through the heat insulation wall, and connecting the two parts into a loop by using a porous permeable wall at the port of each part of the channel;

step three, filling working medium gas, and forming different working medium temperatures at two ends of the channel loop by using a temperature gradient control device to form thermal potential caused by size difference; adjusting the temperature of a cooling source and the temperature of working medium gas, and pumping heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination by utilizing a linear heat conduction material;

and step four, adjusting the temperature of the heat source and the temperature of the working medium gas, controlling the environment of the heat dissipation source by using an external metal material, optimizing the temperature gradient between the heat source and the working medium, and pumping and releasing heat to a thermal field by using the heat conduction characteristic of the heat source through a two-stage micro-nano thermal dimension refrigerator until thermal circulation is completed.

6. The two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step of pumping heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination by using the linear heat conduction material comprises the following steps:

a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes is formed by utilizing the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and the regenerative process in the system, and the gas circulation loop is subjected to heat pumping.

7. The two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerating method based on the thermal size effect as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the third step, the adjusting the temperature of the cooling source and the temperature of the working medium gas comprises:

the stable same working medium gas flow is formed by external power driving, the temperature of the heat source and the cold source is regulated and controlled by the combination unit and the temperature gradient control device in sequence, the heat is exchanged with the working medium gas flow with a certain temperature at a limited rate, and the temperature of the cooling source and the temperature of the working medium gas are regulated.

8. The two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect as claimed in claim 5, wherein the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect further comprises:

in each layer of thermal size unit, n pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements are arranged on the upper layer, and m pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements are arranged on the lower layer;

the air flow inlet and outlet interfaces of each thermal size unit are mutually connected, and the stable same working medium air flow is formed by external power driving, the temperatures of a heat source and a cold source are regulated and controlled sequentially through the combination unit and the temperature gradient control device, and heat is exchanged with the working medium air flow at a certain temperature at a limited rate;

the thermal dimension units of each layer have the same gas flow rate J_NDriven and regulated by an external power input;

κ(T₁-T_m) Is the Fourier heat loss, κ (Tm-T) of each thermal dimension element of the upper layer₂) Is the fourier heat loss of each thermal dimension element of the lower layer;

T₁is the hot end temperature, T₂Is the cold end temperature, Tm is the temperature of the junction between the two layers; as the gas flows through the elements in the refrigerator, the heat balance equation is obtained as

Method of finite rate heat transfer and thermal equilibrium conditions for both multilayer systems and dissipative sources, e.g.

The refrigeration capacity and the refrigeration coefficient of the two-stage micro-nano heat size refrigerating machine are derived respectively as follows:

R＝κT_Lξ₂(1-ν)

and

wherein τ ═ T_L/T_HIs the temperature ratio of the two heat sources; xi₁＝α/κ,ξ₂β/κ is a dimensionless thermal conductivity;

u＝(T₁/T_L)^0.5,v＝(T₂/T_L)^0.5(ii) a The performance system numbers reflect refrigerating machine refrigerating rate and performance coefficient to heat conductivity alpha and beta and regenerator temperature T_LInternal thermal conductance kappa, internal dissipation factor R, gas flow J_NAnd dependence of the length ratio λ; the refrigerating rate and the coefficient of performance of the two-stage thermal dimension refrigerating machine are greatly determined by the number n and m of thermal dimension elements of the upper layer and the lower layer; optimizing the refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating coefficient of the two-stage micro-nano heat size refrigerating machine to obtain the optimized layered arrangement n is equal to M when the total number M of micro-nano size units is fixed to 20; two at the top and the bottomThe layer distribution is n-m-10.

9. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that the information data processing terminal comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor is enabled to execute the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

10. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering thermophysics, and particularly relates to a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator, a refrigerating method, a terminal and a medium.

Background

At present, in the field of engineering thermophysics, the technical design and performance optimization of various thermodynamic cycle models such as heat engines, refrigerators, heat pumps and other systems are all based on classical ideal gas state equations. The thermodynamic processes such as isothermal process, adiabatic process, isobaric process and isochoric process are combined to form a complete thermodynamic cycle, so that the purposes of acting externally or pumping heat and the like are achieved. In particular, open processes involving air induction, exhaust, gas combustion, etc. may be required in such systems, thereby increasing the complexity, irreversibility, and instability of the system. Therefore, how to design a novel thermodynamic cycle system based on the gas working medium has important significance.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing micro-nano heat engine, refrigerator, heat pump and other thermodynamic cycle models adopt a single micro-nano size system, the cycle performance is low, the refrigerating capacity is small, the temperature difference of cold and heat sources is small, no external power output or input loop exists, no system irreversible dissipation exists, and the manufacturing difficulty of an actual heat flow loop is large.

The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the difficulty in solving the above problems is mainly reflected in how to manufacture a micro-nano-scale gas flow channel which is small enough and can generate the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect. Depending on the existing micro-nano manufacturing technology, a single or a plurality of micro-nano airflow channels can be manufactured to construct a micro-nano size circulating system and externally connect power output or input loop channels through an on-chip etching technology, and different numbers of micro-nano size systems are subjected to interface combination, so that the difficulty of realizing a multilayer combined micro-nano size refrigerator system can be reduced, and the circulating performance is improved.

The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the solution of the above problems and defects has important application significance in the effective utilization and conversion of energy for micro/nano circulation devices. Meanwhile, important basis is provided for design and manufacture and performance optimization of the irreversible micro-nano scale heat pump device based on the micro-channel technology and the nano technology.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator, a refrigeration method, a terminal and a medium, and particularly relates to a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on a thermal size effect.

The invention is realized in this way, a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on thermal size effect, the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on thermal size effect includes:

the external power input channel module comprises an on-chip gas fluid external air return channel, an airflow inlet interface, an airflow outlet interface, a gas permeable wall and a channel airflow stabilizing driver; the air flow control device is used for adjusting the driving power to form a stable air flow loop;

the whole machine system cold electrode heat transfer module is used for adjusting the temperature of a cold source, controlling a heat transfer mode and adjusting the heat conductivity coefficient of a heat conduction material;

the single micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module comprises an on-chip etching micro-channel, a porous permeable wall, a heat insulation wall, a heat regenerator, a temperature gradient control device and working medium airflow; the system is used for forming a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes based on a Peltier-like effect and a Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and a regenerative process in the system and realizing heat pumping;

the lower-layer thermal-size unit module comprises a micro-nano thermal-size refrigeration unit module combination, a combined unit airflow outlet interface and a temperature gradient control device; the system is used for arranging and combining single micro-nano heat-size refrigerating unit modules into a lower layer to exchange heat at a limited rate;

the upper-layer thermal size unit module comprises a micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination, a combined unit airflow inlet interface and a temperature gradient control device; the micro-nano heat-size refrigerating unit modules are arranged and combined to form an upper layer, and heat is exchanged at a limited rate;

the whole system hot electrode heat transfer module is used for adjusting the temperature of a heat source, controlling the heat transfer mode and adjusting the thermal conductivity coefficient of a heat conducting material.

Further, the external power input channel module includes:

the gas fluid on the chip is externally connected with a gas return channel and used for storing the gas fluid;

the air flow inlet and outlet interfaces are connected with the etching micro-channels on the single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerating unit module;

and the gas permeable wall is used for stabilizing the gas flow of the whole machine system and effectively exchanging heat.

And the channel airflow stabilizing driver is used for driving the gas fluid in the air return channel on the sheet to flow in a certain direction.

Further, the single micro-nano heat size refrigeration unit module includes:

an upper etching microchannel for manufacturing a square or circular microchannel;

the porous permeable wall is positioned at the channel fracture of the two parts with two different sizes and is used for connecting the two parts into a loop;

an insulating wall for separating the microchannel into two portions of two different dimensions;

the heat regenerator is used for carrying out system heat regeneration;

and the temperature gradient control device is used for forming different working medium temperatures at two ends of the channel loop based on the charged working medium gas so as to form thermal potential caused by size difference.

And the working medium gas flow is formed based on the charged working medium gas.

Furthermore, the number of the size units of the upper layer and the lower layer of the micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module is different.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect for the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on the thermal size effect, wherein the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect comprises:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an airflow stabilizing driver drives gas fluid in an on-chip return air channel to flow in a certain direction, the gas fluid is connected with an on-chip etching micro-channel in a single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerating unit module through an airflow inlet and outlet interface, and driving power is adjusted to form a stable airflow loop;

secondly, constructing a square or round micro-channel by using an on-chip etching micro-nano technology, separating the micro-channel into two parts with different sizes by using a heat insulation wall through the heat insulation wall, and connecting the two parts into a loop by using a porous permeable wall at the port of each part of the channel;

step three, filling working medium gas, and forming different working medium temperatures at two ends of the channel loop by using a temperature gradient control device to form thermal potential caused by size difference; adjusting the temperature of a cooling source and the temperature of working medium gas, and pumping heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination by utilizing a linear heat conduction material;

and step four, adjusting the temperature of the heat source and the temperature of the working medium gas, controlling the environment of the heat dissipation source by using an external metal material, optimizing the temperature gradient between the heat source and the working medium, and pumping and releasing heat to a thermal field through a two-stage micro-nano thermal size refrigerator by using the heat conduction characteristic of the heat source until the thermodynamic cycle is completed.

Further, the refrigeration unit module combination using linear heat conducting material to pump heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano heat size comprises:

a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes is formed by utilizing the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and the regenerative process in the system, and the gas circulation loop is subjected to heat pumping.

Further, in the third step, the adjusting the temperature of the cooling source and the temperature of the working medium gas includes:

the stable same working medium gas flow is formed by external power driving, the temperature of the heat source and the cold source is regulated and controlled by the combination unit and the temperature gradient control device in sequence, the heat is exchanged with the working medium gas flow with a certain temperature at a limited rate, and the temperature of the cooling source and the temperature of the working medium gas are regulated.

Further, the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect comprises the following steps:

in each layer of thermal size unit, n pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements are arranged on the upper layer, and m pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements are arranged on the lower layer;

the air flow inlet and outlet interfaces of each thermal size unit are mutually connected, and the stable same working medium air flow is formed by external power driving, the temperatures of a heat source and a cold source are regulated and controlled sequentially through the combination unit and the temperature gradient control device, and heat is exchanged with the working medium air flow at a certain temperature at a limited rate;

the thermal dimension units of each layer have the same gasFlow rate J_NDriven and regulated by an external power input;

κ(T₁-T_m) Is the Fourier heat loss, κ (Tm-T) of each thermal dimension element of the upper layer₂) Is the fourier heat loss of each thermal dimension element of the lower layer;

T₁is the hot end temperature, T₂Is the cold end temperature, Tm is the temperature of the junction between the two layers; as the gas flows through the elements in the refrigerator, the heat balance equation is obtained as

Method of finite rate heat transfer and thermal equilibrium conditions for both multilayer systems and dissipative sources, e.g.

The refrigeration capacity and the refrigeration coefficient of the two-stage micro-nano heat size refrigerating machine are derived respectively as follows:

R＝κT_Lξ₂(1-ν)

and

wherein τ ═ T_L/T_HIs the temperature ratio of the two heat sources; xi₁＝α/κ,ξ₂β/κ is a dimensionless thermal conductivity;

u＝(T₁/T_L)^0.5,v＝(T₂/T_L)^0.5(ii) a The performance system numbers reflect refrigerating machine refrigerating rate and performance coefficient to heat conductivity alpha and beta and regenerator temperature T_LInternal thermal conductance kappa, internal dissipation factor R, gas flow J_NAnd dependence of the length ratio λ; the refrigerating rate and the coefficient of performance of the two-stage thermal dimension refrigerating machine are greatly determined by the number n and m of thermal dimension elements of the upper layer and the lower layer; optimizing the refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating coefficient of the two-stage micro-nano heat size refrigerating machine to obtain the optimized layered arrangement n is equal to M when the total number M of micro-nano size units is fixed to 20; the upper layer and the lower layer are distributed with n as m as 10.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect.

By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention can realize the circulation of the refrigerator which takes stable airflow as working medium, does not need movable mechanical parts and reduces the mechanical friction in the system. The working medium gas circularly flows in the closed channel, so that the working medium gas is prevented from directly entering a dissipation source. The invention solves the problems of low cycle performance, small refrigerating capacity, small temperature difference of cold and heat sources and the like of a single micro-nano size system. The invention utilizes the mature on-chip etching micro-channel technology to carry out physical realization, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty. The size effect of the invention is independent of the material property of the system, and the optimization design is easier.

Technical effect or experimental effect of comparison. Under the condition of the same temperature gradient, compared with a single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerator unit, the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator has the advantages that the optimized performance coefficient is improved by about 2 times, and the corresponding refrigerating capacity is improved by about 30%.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a single micro-nano thermal-size refrigeration unit cycle model provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on a thermal size effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. an external power input channel module; 2. the whole machine system refrigeration electrode heat transfer module; 3. a single micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module; 4. a lower thermal dimension unit module; 5. an upper level thermal dimension unit module; 6. and the hot pole heat transfer module of the whole system.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on a thermal size effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on a thermal size effect, and the invention is described in detail by combining the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator based on a thermal size effect according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

the external power input channel module 1 comprises an on-chip gas fluid external air return channel, an airflow inlet interface, an airflow outlet interface, a gas permeable wall and a channel airflow stabilizing driver; the air flow control device is used for adjusting the driving power to form a stable air flow loop;

the whole machine system cold electrode heat transfer module 2 is used for adjusting the cold source temperature, controlling the heat transfer mode and adjusting the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction material;

the single micro-nano thermal size refrigerating unit module 3 comprises an on-chip etching micro-channel, a porous permeable wall, a heat insulation wall, a heat regenerator, a temperature gradient control device and working medium air flow; the system is used for forming a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes based on a Peltier-like effect and a Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and a regenerative process in the system and realizing heat pumping;

the lower layer thermal size unit module 4 comprises a micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination, a combined unit airflow outlet interface and a temperature gradient control device; the system is used for arranging and combining single micro-nano heat-size refrigerating unit modules into a lower layer to exchange heat at a limited rate;

the upper-layer thermal size unit module 5 comprises a micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination, a combined unit airflow inlet interface and a temperature gradient control device; the micro-nano heat-size refrigerating unit modules are arranged and combined to form an upper layer, and heat is exchanged at a limited rate;

and the whole system hot electrode heat transfer module 6 is used for adjusting the temperature of a heat source, controlling the heat transfer mode and adjusting the thermal conductivity coefficient of a heat conducting material.

The external power input channel module provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:

the gas fluid on the chip is externally connected with a gas return channel and used for storing the gas fluid;

the air flow inlet and outlet interfaces are connected with the etching micro-channels on the single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerating unit module;

and the gas permeable wall is used for stabilizing the gas flow of the whole machine system and effectively exchanging heat.

And the channel airflow stabilizing driver is used for driving the gas fluid in the air return channel on the sheet to flow in a certain direction.

The single micro-nano heat size refrigeration unit module provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:

an upper etching microchannel for manufacturing a square or circular microchannel;

the porous permeable wall is positioned at the channel fracture of the two parts with two different sizes and is used for connecting the two parts into a loop;

an insulating wall for separating the microchannel into two portions of two different dimensions;

the heat regenerator is used for carrying out system heat regeneration;

and the temperature gradient control device is used for forming different working medium temperatures at two ends of the channel loop based on the charged working medium gas so as to form thermal potential caused by size difference.

And the working medium gas flow is formed based on the charged working medium gas.

The micro-nano heat size refrigeration unit module provided by the embodiment of the invention has different numbers of upper and lower layer size units.

As shown in fig. 3, the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigeration method based on the thermal size effect provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:

s101, driving gas fluid in an on-chip return air channel to flow in a certain direction through an air flow stabilizing driver, connecting the on-chip etching micro-channel in a single micro-nano thermal-size refrigerating unit module through an air flow inlet and outlet interface, and adjusting driving power to form a stable air flow loop;

s102, constructing a square or round micro-channel by using an on-chip etching micro-nano technology, separating the micro-channel into two parts with different sizes by using a heat insulation wall through the heat insulation wall, and connecting the two parts into a loop by using a porous permeable wall at the port of each part of the channel;

s103, filling working medium gas, and forming different working medium temperatures at two ends of the channel loop by using a temperature gradient control device to form thermal potential caused by size difference; adjusting the temperature of a cooling source and the temperature of working medium gas, and pumping heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano thermal size refrigeration unit module combination by utilizing a linear heat conduction material;

and S104, adjusting the temperature of a heat source and the temperature of working medium gas, and pumping and releasing heat to a thermal field through a two-stage micro-nano heat size refrigerator by utilizing the heat conduction characteristic of the working medium gas until thermodynamic cycle is completed.

Specifically, step S104 includes: the method comprises the steps of adjusting the temperature of a heat source and the temperature of working medium gas, controlling the environment of a heat dissipation source by using an external metal material, optimizing the temperature gradient between the heat source and the working medium, and pumping and releasing heat to a thermal field by using the heat conduction characteristic of the heat source and the working medium through a two-stage micro-nano heat size refrigerator until thermal circulation is completed.

The refrigeration unit module combination which utilizes the linear heat conducting material to pump heat from the cooling source to the micro-nano heat size comprises:

a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes is formed by utilizing the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and the regenerative process in the system, and the gas circulation loop is subjected to heat pumping.

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for adjusting the temperature of a cooling source and the temperature of working medium gas, which comprises the following steps:

the stable same working medium gas flow is formed by external power driving, the temperature of the heat source and the cold source is regulated and controlled by the combination unit and the temperature gradient control device in sequence, the heat is exchanged with the working medium gas flow with a certain temperature at a limited rate, and the temperature of the cooling source and the temperature of the working medium gas are regulated.

The technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

The present invention takes into account that when a gas is confined to a limited micro-nano scale region, the thermal wavelength of the gas atoms will be comparable to the system size. Accordingly, the thermodynamic properties of the gas will depend significantly on the boundary of the bound gas, i.e., in addition to volume, temperature, pressure, and system irreversibility, it will also be related to the surface area of the system. Especially by filling the desired gas in square or round pipes of different sizes and contacting the upper and lower ends thereof with a high temperature heat source and a low temperature heat source, respectively, the boundary effect of the system will cause a thermal dimensional potential to exist at the upper and lower ends of different temperatures. When the partition plate in the middle of the system with different sizes is opened, the gas will generate directional flow under the action of the thermal potential and exchange heat with the heat source and the heat sink respectively through the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect similar to the thermoelectric effect. Thus, by utilizing these thermal dimensional effects, a thermal dimensional cycle system similar to a thermoelectric refrigerator can be designed for pumping heat by constructing a suitable isothermal and isobaric process. The advantage is also realized in that no movable parts and open processes such as air suction and exhaust are needed in the thermal-dimensional thermodynamic cycle system, thereby improving the stability of the gas system and reducing friction. By combining a plurality of thermal size systems, a two-stage refrigeration system can be designed to increase the refrigeration rate and realize larger temperature difference between a heat source and a cold source, and the problems of low cycle performance, small refrigeration capacity, small temperature difference between a cold source and a heat source and the like of a single micro-nano size system are solved. The invention can be physically realized by utilizing a mature on-chip etching micro-channel technology, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single micro-nano thermal-size refrigeration unit module according to the present invention. The system comprises an external power input channel module, a complete machine system refrigeration pole heat transfer module, a single micro-nano heat size refrigeration unit module and a complete machine system hot pole heat transfer module. The method is characterized in that a square or round micro-channel is designed and manufactured by utilizing an on-chip etching micro-nano technology, the micro-channel is separated into two parts with different sizes by using a heat insulation wall, and the two parts are connected into a loop by using a porous permeable wall at the port of each part of the channel. Working medium gas is filled in, and different working medium temperatures are formed at two ends of the channel loop by using the temperature gradient control device, so that thermal potential caused by size difference is formed. Further, a gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes is formed by utilizing the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and the regenerative process in the system, and the heat pumping is realized.

The ABCD portion of FIG. 1 is shown with a dimension L_x、L_yAnd L_zThe micro-nano rectangular box. The box body is divided into a narrow part and a wide part by adopting an insulating wall, and the narrow part and the wide part are respectively expressed as (L)_xn) And (L)_xw). Ideally maxwell's gas is filled in this box as the working substance and the gas can flow freely when the insulating walls and sidewalls are permeable to the atoms of the gas. In addition, the external gas channel is used for external power input to drive the gas flow. Considering that only the walls at the bottom and top of the box are permeable, the width of the permeable section is delta (dashed line). For simplicity, it is assumed that the permeable wall contains many small holes without disturbing the steady state de broglie wave mode in each box. Accordingly, as a micro-nano scale system of a refrigerator, fourier heat flow and finite rate heat exchange between two heat sources also need to be considered. Consider a refrigerator that is coupled to both a high temperature heat source at temperature TH and a low temperature heat source at temperature TL. In two isothermal processes, the temperature of the gas working medium is T₁And T₂(T₁>T_H>T_L>T₂). In two isobaric processes, an additional heat exchanger may be used to transfer heat from the narrow-side channels to the wide-side channels. When the system reaches steady state, a steady gas flow J can be achieved through the elongated rectangular box along the A → B → C → D → A path_N. External power input not only maintains stable gas flow of the heat pump, but also is used for overcoming thermal size potential between the narrow box body and the wide box body

In the formulaIs half of the most de broglie wavelength of the particles at the temperature T and is related to the mass of the working gas particles. A gas circulation loop consisting of two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes is formed by utilizing the Peltier-like effect and the Thomson-like effect in the isothermal process and the isobaric process in the system and the regenerative process in the system, and the hot pumping is realized. Correspondingly, the refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating coefficient of a single micro-nano heat size refrigerating unit module can be derived to be respectively as follows:

and

where z is the system quality factor and depends on the ratio of the channel dimension widths at two different scales, and κ and λ describe the Fourier and Joule thermal irreversibilities in the system.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the two-stage micro-nano ideal gas working medium refrigerator according to the present invention. The number of the thermal size units on each layer is different, for example, n pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements are arranged on the upper layer, and m pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements are arranged on the lower layer. In the combined module, the airflow inlet and the airflow outlet of each unit are connected with each other, so that stable and same working medium airflow can be formed through external power drive, the temperatures of a heat source and a cold source are regulated and controlled sequentially through the combined unit and the temperature gradient control device, heat exchange with the working medium airflow at a certain temperature is carried out at a limited rate, and the circulating stable work of the whole system is ensured. Compared with a single micro-nano thermal size heat pump, the heat pump can bear larger cold and hot temperature difference. The heat pump consists of a top stage and a bottom stage, and each stage is provided with n pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements and m pairs of micro-nano thermal size elements. Such a two-stage cycle model is of practical importance, in particular for thermally dimensioned devicesPerformance improvement aspect of (2). The design here controls the same gas flow J for each thermal dimension element_NWhich is driven and regulated by an external power input. Further,. kappa. (T)₁-T_m) Is the Fourier heat loss, κ (Tm-T), of each thermal dimension element of the top layer₂) Is the fourier heat loss of each thermal dimensional element at the bottom level. Here, T₁Is the hot end temperature, T₂Is the cold end temperature and Tm is the temperature of the junction between the two layers. As the gas flows through the elements in the refrigerator, the heat balance equation is obtained as

Considering both the multi-layer system and the dissipation source finite rate heat transfer method and the heat balance conditions, e.g.

The refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating coefficient of the two-stage micro-nano heat-size refrigerating machine can be derived to be respectively as follows:

R＝κT_Lξ₂(1-ν)

and

wherein τ ═ T_L/T_HIs the temperature ratio of the two heat sources; xi₁＝α/κ,ξ₂β/κ is a dimensionless thermal conductivity.

u＝(T₁/T_L)^0.5,v＝(T₂/T_L)^0.5. These performance system numbers reflect the refrigerating machine refrigerating rate and performance coefficient to the heat conductivity alpha and beta and the temperature T of the cold accumulator_LInternal thermal conductance kappa, internal dissipation factor R, gas flow J_NAnd the dependence of the length ratio lambda. In particular, the refrigeration rate and coefficient of performance of a two-stage thermal dimension refrigerator depends strongly on the number of top and bottom thermal dimension elements n and m. The refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating coefficient of the two-stage micro-nano heat dimension refrigerating machine are optimized and analyzed, and the optimized layered arrangement n is M when the total number M of micro-nano dimension units is fixed can be obtained.

The effects of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific experimental data.

The total number of micro-nano size units M cannot be too large, and M <20 is usually required in practical design to obtain larger optimized refrigeration efficiency. Meanwhile, in order to obtain larger refrigerating capacity, the upper layer and the lower layer are distributed in a way that the unit number is n-m. When the heat transfer coefficient between the upper layer and the heat source and the heat transfer coefficient between the lower layer and the heat source are equal to and approximately equal to 10 times of the number of fourier heat transfer systems, the system quality factor is approximately 1, the cold-heat source temperature ratio is 0.96, and the total number M of the micro-nano refrigerator units is 20, the distribution of the refrigerator units is n-10, and M-10.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.