阅读说明：本技术 一种制动盘风阻扭矩测试试验台及其测试方法 (Test bench for testing wind resistance and torque of brake disc and test method thereof ) 是由 刘宏友 施玉奇 刘楠 李莉 丰明阳 金星 于 2021-03-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种制动盘风阻扭矩测试试验台及其测试方法,包括控制系统、试验台架,动力件设置于所述试验台架,且所述动力件与所述控制系统电连接；传动件的一端与所述动力件的动力输出端相接,其另一端与试验台架相接,且所述传动件上安装有制动盘；测量组件与所述传动件相对应设置,且所述测量组件与所述控制系统电连接。解决了现有技术中测试试验台结构复杂、体积庞大且无法满足列车不同运行工况下的制动盘风阻扭矩测试的技术问题。(The invention discloses a test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc and a test method thereof, wherein the test bed comprises a control system and a test bed frame, a power part is arranged on the test bed frame, and the power part is electrically connected with the control system; one end of the transmission piece is connected with the power output end of the power piece, the other end of the transmission piece is connected with the test bench, and the transmission piece is provided with a brake disc; the measuring component is arranged corresponding to the transmission component, and the measuring component is electrically connected with the control system. The technical problems that the test bed in the prior art is complex in structure and large in size and cannot meet the test of the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc under different running working conditions of a train are solved.)

1. A test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc is characterized by comprising,

a control system;

a test bed;

the power part is arranged on the test bench and is electrically connected with the control system;

one end of the transmission piece is connected with the power output end of the power piece, the other end of the transmission piece is connected with the test bench, and the transmission piece is provided with a brake disc;

the measuring component is arranged corresponding to the transmission component and is electrically connected with the control system.

2. The test bench for testing the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc according to claim 1, further comprising a clutch, wherein one end of the clutch is connected with the power output end of the power element, and the other end of the clutch is connected with the transmission element.

3. The test bench for testing the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission part is a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission part is connected with the power output end of the power part, the other end of the transmission part is connected with the test bench, and the brake disc is mounted on the transmission part.

4. The test bed for testing the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc according to claim 3,

the measuring assembly comprises a torque sensor, the torque sensor is arranged on the transmission part and is electrically connected with the control system, the torque of the transmission shaft is acquired through the torque sensor, and the acquired data are transmitted to the control system;

the power part is provided with an encoder, the encoder is connected with a power output end of the power part and electrically connected with the control system, and the encoder transmits acquired rotation angular speed data of the power part to the control system.

5. The brake disc wind drag torque test stand of claim 1, wherein the test stand comprises,

the power part, the transmission part and the measuring component are sequentially arranged on the first mounting area;

and the second mounting area and the first mounting area are arranged side by side, and a brake disc is arranged in the second mounting area.

6. The brake disc wind resistance torque test stand of claim 5, further comprising a mounting table disposed at the first mounting area, and the power member, transmission member and measurement assembly are disposed on the mounting table.

7. The test bed for testing the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc according to claim 6, further comprising a first supporting seat, wherein the first supporting seat is arranged corresponding to the mounting table, the second mounting area is formed between the first supporting seat and the mounting table, and the brake disc is arranged in the second mounting area.

8. The test bed for testing the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc according to claim 1, wherein the central axes of the power piece, the transmission piece, the measuring assembly and the brake disc are coincident.

9. The test bench for testing wind resistance and torque of brake disc according to claim 1, wherein the outer cover of the test bench is provided with a protective mesh, so that the power member, the transmission member, the measurement assembly and the brake disc are located in the protective mesh.

10. A method for testing wind resistance torque of a brake disc is characterized by comprising the following steps:

an environment building step: embedding a test piece mounting part of a test bench provided with a brake disc into a test wind tunnel to perform a wind tunnel test;

simulating the working condition of the brake disc: the control system controls the power part to drive the brake disc to act according to preset parameters, and performs feedback regulation by detecting the reading change of the encoder, so that the brake disc simulates the working conditions of fixed deceleration braking, constant-speed rotation or no-braking-force deceleration;

and a torque testing step: when the brake disc is in the working condition of simulating fixed deceleration braking, constant speed rotation or no braking force deceleration, the torque sensor collects the torque of the transmission part in real time and sends the collected data to the control system to realize the test of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle brake testing, and particularly relates to a test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc and a test method thereof.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the speed per hour of the train and the diversification of the operating environment, a basic braking device with higher braking efficiency is required to protect driving and navigation.

Because the difficulty of testing the convective heat transfer coefficient is high, the accuracy is not high when the thermal capacity of the brake disc is estimated by basically adopting an empirical formula. When a theoretical model and a numerical model of the aerodynamic effect of the brake disc are established, the effectiveness of the model cannot be judged due to the lack of an effective test method and an effective test device for the aerodynamic performance of the brake disc to provide test data support for a simulation result. Although a related test bed is designed in the prior art, the test bed has a complex structure and a large volume and cannot test the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc under different running working conditions of the train. In addition, the system error of the pumping power consumption measured and calculated by the scheme adopted by the test bench in the prior art is large, and great fluctuation is presented in a low-speed section (less than 200 km/h). Therefore, the test bench is only suitable for calculating the steady-state pumping power consumption under the high-speed operation working condition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a test bench for testing wind resistance torque of a brake disc, and aims to solve the technical problems that the test bench in the prior art is complex in structure and large in size and cannot meet the test requirements of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc under different running working conditions of a train.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc comprises,

a control system;

a test bed;

the power part is arranged on the test bench and is electrically connected with the control system;

one end of the transmission piece is connected with the power output end of the power piece, the other end of the transmission piece is connected with the test bench, and the transmission piece is provided with a brake disc;

the measuring component is arranged corresponding to the transmission component and is electrically connected with the control system.

In some of the embodiments, the clutch is further included, one end of the clutch is connected with the power output end of the power member, and the other end of the clutch is connected with the transmission member 4.

In some embodiments, the transmission member is a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission member is connected to the power output end of the power member, the other end of the transmission member is connected to the test bed, and the brake disc is mounted on the transmission member.

In some embodiments, the measuring assembly includes a torque sensor disposed on the transmission, the torque sensor is electrically connected to the control system, and the torque sensor collects the torque of the transmission shaft and transmits the collected data to the control system;

the power part is provided with an encoder, the encoder is connected with a power output end of the power part and electrically connected with the control system, and the encoder transmits acquired rotation angular speed data of the power part to the control system.

In some of these embodiments, the test rig comprises,

the power part, the transmission part and the measuring component are sequentially arranged on the first mounting area;

and the second mounting area and the first mounting area are arranged side by side, and a brake disc is arranged in the second mounting area.

In some of these embodiments, further comprising a mounting stage disposed at the first mounting region, and the power member, transmission member, and measurement assembly are disposed on the mounting stage.

In some embodiments, the brake disc further comprises a first supporting seat, the first supporting seat is arranged corresponding to the installation platform, the second installation area is formed between the first supporting seat and the installation platform, and the brake disc is arranged in the second installation area.

In some embodiments, the central axes of the power member, the transmission member, the measuring assembly and the brake disc coincide.

In some embodiments, the outer cover of the test bed is provided with a protective mesh cover, so that the power part, the transmission part, the measuring assembly and the brake disc are positioned in the protective mesh cover.

A method for testing wind resistance torque of a brake disc comprises the following steps:

an environment building step: embedding a test piece mounting part of a test bench provided with a brake disc into a test wind tunnel to perform a wind tunnel test;

simulating the working condition of the brake disc: the control system controls the power part to drive the brake disc to act according to preset parameters, and performs feedback regulation by detecting the reading change of the encoder, so that the brake disc simulates the working conditions of fixed deceleration braking, constant-speed rotation or no-braking-force deceleration;

and a torque testing step: when the brake disc is in the working condition of simulating fixed deceleration braking, constant speed rotation or no braking force deceleration, the torque sensor collects the torque of the transmission part in real time and sends the collected data to the control system to realize the test of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

the invention designs a test bed for testing wind resistance torque of a brake disc, which comprises a control system, wherein a power piece and a measurement assembly of the control system are electrically connected, so that the power piece can be controlled, the power piece can drive a transmission piece to accurately rotate, the transmission piece can accurately drive the brake disc to rotate, the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the brake disc can be accurately controlled, then data acquisition is carried out through the measurement assembly, data are fed back to the control system, and the power piece, the transmission piece, the measurement assembly and the brake disc are all arranged on the test bed; by last, this test bench simple structure, small, and mutually support through control system, driving medium, power spare and measurement element for the brake disc can simulate different operating condition. Thereby solved among the prior art structure complicacy, bulky and can't satisfy the brake disc windage moment of torsion test under the different operating condition of train technical problem.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram 1 of a test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc according to the present invention;

in the above figures: 1. a control system; 2. a test bed; 21. a first mounting area; 22. a second mounting area; 23. an installation table; 24. a first support base; 25. a second support seat; 3. a power member; 4. a transmission member; 5. a torque sensor; 6. a clutch; 7. a brake disk.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "first", "second", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present application, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; either directly or through an intermediary profile. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

Technical scheme in the embodiment of this application is for solving among the above-mentioned prior art technique that the structure is complicated, bulky and can't satisfy brake disc windage torque test under the different operating condition of train, and the general thinking is as follows:

the invention designs a test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc, which comprises a control system, wherein a power piece and a measuring assembly of the control system are electrically connected, so that the power piece can be controlled, the power piece can drive a transmission piece to accurately rotate, the transmission piece can accurately drive the brake disc to rotate, the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the brake disc can be accurately controlled, and then data acquisition is carried out through the measuring assembly and data are fed back to the control system; the power part, the transmission part, the measuring assembly and the brake disc are all arranged on the test bench; therefore, the test bench is simple in structure and small in size, and can be suitable for different working condition environments. Thereby solved among the prior art structure complicacy, bulky and can't satisfy the brake disc windage moment of torsion test under the different operating condition of train technical problem.

In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

A test bed for testing wind resistance and torque of a brake disc 7 comprises,

a control system 1;

the test bed 2 is provided with a brake disc 7 arranged on the test bed 2;

the power part 3 is arranged on the test bench 2, and the power part 3 is electrically connected with the control system 1;

one end of the transmission piece 4 is connected with the power output end of the power piece 3, the other end of the transmission piece 4 is connected with the test bench 2, and a brake disc 7 is arranged on the transmission piece 4;

the measuring component is arranged corresponding to the transmission piece 4 and is electrically connected with the control system 1.

The application provides a 7 windage torque test benches of brake disc can carry on full size resin material (or other materials) or 7 different operating condition of brake disc 7 under the simulation train of scaling brake disc 7 to 7 windage torques of brake disc under the different operating condition carry out real-time dynamic collection. As shown in FIG. 1, the wind resistance torque test bench for the brake disc 7 comprises a control system 1, a test bench 2, a power part 3, a transmission part 4 and a measuring assembly.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the test bed 2 includes a first installation area 21 and a second installation area 22, the first installation area 21 and the second installation area 22 are arranged side by side, the power element 3, the transmission element 4 and the measurement component are arranged at the first installation area 21, and the brake disc 7 is arranged at the second installation area 22. More specifically, a mounting table 23 is arranged at the first mounting area 21, a first supporting seat 24 is arranged on the test bed 2, the first supporting seat 24 is arranged corresponding to the mounting table 23, and a second mounting area 22 is formed between the mounting table 23 and the first supporting seat 24, so that the brake disc 7 is arranged in the second mounting area 22 and is mounted on the transmission part 4. In the embodiment, the test bed 2 comprises a base, the mounting table 23 and the first supporting seat 24 are both arranged on the base, and the power part 3, the transmission part 4 and the measuring component are sequentially arranged on the mounting table 23; and the both sides of mount table 23 evenly are provided with a plurality of strengthening ribs to make the mount table 23 can be more stable set up on the base. Meanwhile, a second supporting seat 25 is arranged on the mounting table 23, a first mounting groove is arranged on the second supporting seat 25, and a second mounting groove is arranged at the top of the first supporting seat 24.

Further, the transmission part 4 is preferably a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission part is connected with the power output end of the power part 3, the other end of the transmission part is connected with the test bench, and the brake disc is installed on the transmission part. That is, the one end of transmission shaft is connected with servo motor's output shaft to make the transmission shaft can rotate along with power component 3, and then drive brake disc 7 synchronous revolution, from this, under control system's effect, make the slew velocity of brake disc 7 controlled. Furthermore, both ends of the transmission part 4 respectively penetrate through the brake disc 7, one end of the transmission part is arranged in the first mounting groove, and the other end of the transmission part is arranged in the second mounting groove. And the both ends of driving medium 4 are provided with deep groove ball bearing respectively, and deep groove ball bearing's upper cover can be dismantled, and respectively with first mounting groove and second mounting groove fixed connection through the bolt to make brake disc 7 install in second installing zone 22 department.

Power spare 3 is connected with control system 1 electricity, and the power take off end of power spare 3 is connected with driving medium 4 to under control system 1's effect, the motion of control power spare 3 that can be accurate, thereby make power spare 3 can drive transmission medium 4 with the accurate transmission of power to brake disc 7 department, thereby realize carrying out accurate control to the motion of brake disc 7. In this embodiment, the power member 3 is preferably a servo motor, and the servo motor is provided with an encoder, the encoder is connected to a power output end of the power member, and the encoder is electrically connected to the control system 1, and the encoder transmits the acquired rotational angular velocity data of the power member to the control system.

The measuring assembly is mainly used for measuring the rotation parameters of the brake disc 7 and feeding back the measured data to the control system 1. Specifically, the measuring assembly comprises a torque sensor 5, the torque sensor 5 is arranged corresponding to the transmission shaft, and the torque sensor 5 is electrically connected with the control system. Therefore, the torque of the transmission shaft can be directly acquired through the torque sensor 5, the torque of the transmission shaft is measured in real time, the rotating angular speed of the power part 3 can be acquired through the encoder, the acquired data are fed back to the control system 1, and the control system controls the rotation of the servo motor according to corresponding parameters.

Further, in this embodiment, the central axis of power component 3, driving medium 4, measuring unit and brake disc 7 coincides mutually, and the central axis of power component 3, driving medium 4, measuring unit and brake disc 7 is located same straight line promptly to improve experimental degree of accuracy, also be convenient for dismouting and change simultaneously.

In this embodiment, a clutch 6 is further provided, and the clutch 6 is connected with the transmission member 4. That is, the clutch 6 is connected to the transmission shaft, and the clutch 6 can be connected to or separated from the transmission shaft during operation, so that the brake disk 7 can be decelerated without braking force.

Furthermore, a protective screen (not shown in the figure) is also arranged, the protective screen is arranged outside the test bench, namely the protective screen is arranged outside the test bench 2, so that the power part 3, the transmission part 4, the measuring assembly and the brake disc 7 are positioned in the protective screen, and the hidden danger caused by the centrifugal force of the brake disc under high-speed rotation can be avoided; meanwhile, the air flow field around the brake disc cannot be influenced.

In conclusion, the test bench is simple in structure and small in size, and can simulate the working conditions of constant-deceleration braking, constant-speed rotation and no-braking-force deceleration of the brake disc 7. And the corresponding part of the test bed can be embedded into a test wind tunnel to perform wind tunnel test, and the rotation working condition of the brake disc 7 under the train in the running process is simulated, so that the dynamic test of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc 7 is completed in the test process. And then solved among the prior art structure complicacy, bulky and can't satisfy 7 windage moment of torsion tests of brake disc under the different operating condition of train technical problem.

For a more clear explanation of the present application, the working principle and method of the present invention will be further explained by taking the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 2 as examples:

firstly, embedding a test piece mounting part of a test bed provided with a brake disc into a test wind tunnel, then controlling a power part 3 to act through a control system 1, enabling a transmission shaft to drive the brake disc 7 to rotate under the action of the power part 3, and then directly acquiring the torque of the transmission shaft in real time through a torque sensor 5, namely acquiring the torque of the brake disc 7 in real time and transmitting data to the control system 1; meanwhile, the encoder collects the rotating angular speed of the power part 3 in real time, namely collects the rotating angular speed of the brake disc 7 in real time, and feeds back the collected data to the control system 1; under the action of the clutch 6, the working condition that the brake disc 7 decelerates without braking force is achieved, and therefore the test bench can meet the different braking working conditions of fixed deceleration braking, constant-speed rotation and no-braking-force deceleration of the simulated brake disc 7. The control system 1 controls the power part 3 to drive the brake disc 7 to rotate at a given rotating speed according to the set related parameters such as the initial braking speed and the braking deceleration of the brake disc 7, the size of the brake disc 7 and the like, and according to the change curve of the angular speed and the angular deceleration along with time, and compensates the control signal sent to the power part 3 through the data monitored by the measuring assembly in real time.

The invention also discloses a method for testing the wind resistance torque of the brake disc, which comprises the following steps:

an environment building step: embedding the test piece mounting part of the test bench provided with the brake disc 7 into a test wind tunnel for wind tunnel test;

simulating the working condition of the brake disc: the control system controls the power part to drive the brake disc to act according to preset parameters, and performs feedback regulation by detecting the reading change of the encoder, so that the brake disc simulates the working conditions of fixed deceleration braking, constant-speed rotation or no-braking-force deceleration;

and a torque testing step: when the brake disc 7 is in the working condition of simulating fixed deceleration braking, constant-speed rotation or no braking force deceleration, the torque sensor collects the torque of the transmission part 3 in real time, and sends the collected data to the control system 1, so that the wind resistance torque test of the brake disc 7 is realized.

The control system 1 is used for setting relevant parameters such as initial braking speed, braking deceleration and the size of the brake disc 7, calculating the change curve of the angular speed and the angular deceleration of the brake disc 7 along with time according to a corresponding algorithm to control the servo motor to drive the brake disc 7 to rotate at a given rotating speed, monitoring the reading change of the encoder in real time, and compensating a control signal of the servo motor through calculation.

Further, the specific test working conditions and test methods of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc 7 are as follows:

(1) constant speed rotation condition of brake disc 7

The power part 3 drives the brake disc 7 to accelerate to a preset speed level through a transmission shaft and keep rotating at a constant speed. In this condition, the clutch 6 between the power element 3 and the transmission shaft is always closed. The wind resistance torque calculation formula is as follows:

T_{brake disc 1}＝T_{Working index value 1}-T_{Idle indication 1}

Wherein T is_{Brake disc 1}For the wind resistance torque, T, of the brake disk 7 in this operating mode_{Working index value 1}Is an indication value of the torque T when the power part 3 drives the brake disc 7 at the rotating speed_{Idle indication 1}An indication of the torque at which the power member 3 is idling at that speed.

(2) Brake disk 7 unpowered deceleration regime

After the power part 3 drives the brake disc 7 to accelerate to a given speed grade through the transmission shaft, the clutch 6 between the power part 3 and the transmission shaft is disconnected, and the brake disc 7 decelerates to 0 due to resistance. The wind resistance torque calculation formula is as follows:

T_{(n) brake disk 2}＝T_{(n) working index 2}-T_{(n) idle running indication 2}

Wherein T is_{(n) brake disk 2}For the wind resistance torque, T, of the brake disk 7 in this operating mode_{(n) working index 2}Torque indication, T, for unpowered rotation of the brake disc 7_{(n) idle running indication 2}For the torque indication of the measured part at the respective rotational speed idling after the clutch 6 is disengaged, n is the rotational speed.

(3) Simulated deceleration braking condition of brake disc 7

After the power member 3 drives the brake disc 7 to accelerate to a given speed level through the transmission shaft, the power member 3 drives the brake disc 7 to decelerate to 0 at a given deceleration. In this condition, the clutch 6 between the power member 3 and the transmission shaft is always closed. The wind resistance torque calculation formula is as follows:

T_{(t) brake disk 3}＝T_{(t) working index value 3}-T_{(t) idle running indication 3}

Wherein T is_{(t) brake disk 3}For the wind resistance torque, T, of the brake disk 7 in this operating mode_{(t) working index value 3}Is a torque indication value T when the power part 3 drives the brake disc 7 to rotate in a speed reduction way_{(t) idle running indication 3}The torque value when the power member 3 decelerates and idles according to the deceleration is shown, and t is time.

In summary, the brake disc 7 torque test bed can satisfy the following functions, specifically:

the test bed can carry a full-size resin material brake disc 7 (including a shaft-mounted brake disc and a wheel-mounted brake disc) to simulate the constant-speed rotation of the brake disc 7 under the speed grade of at least but not limited to 20-440 km/h, and the dynamic collection of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc 7 is realized; the method can meet the requirement that the brake disc 7 decelerates to 0 in an unpowered state in the process of taking any speed grade at least but not limited to the range of 20-440 km/h as the initial braking speed, and dynamic collection of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc 7 in the process is realized; and the process that the brake disc 7 decelerates to 0 according to the given deceleration at least but not limited to any speed grade within the range of 20-440 km/h as the initial braking speed can be met, and the dynamic collection of the wind resistance torque of the brake disc 7 in the process is realized. The test bench can be used for carrying the brake disc 7 made of full-size resin material and carrying the brake disc 7 with a certain proportion of shrinkage ratio for corresponding tests. Therefore, the technical problems that the test bed in the prior art is complex in structure and large in size and cannot meet the test of the wind resistance and the torque of the brake disc 7 under different operation working conditions of the train are solved.