阅读说明：本技术 一种基于高温超导磁力耦合传动的永磁旋转式励磁装置 (Permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission ) 是由 李婧 孙晨桢 周鹏博 马光同 李宇逍 喻海洋 翟耀 于 2021-03-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于高温超导磁力耦合传动的永磁旋转式励磁装置,底板上设置有低温杜瓦,低温杜瓦内设置有转轴,转轴上设置有圆形的转子,转子上设置有若干转子永磁体；转轴的一端固定在旋转结构内,另一端固定在磁联轴器从动端上,磁联轴器从动端上间隙设置有磁联轴器主动端,低温杜瓦的壁穿过磁联轴器主动端和磁联轴器从动端之间；磁联轴器主动端与中间轴同轴连接,中间轴通过联轴器与旋转电机连接；转子的下方放置有定子超导带材,定子超导带材与负载超导线圈连接。本发明结合高温超导磁联轴器和磁悬浮轴承实现无接触传动,避免了超导磁体励磁所需大功率电源,阻断了由电流引线、转动轴导致的接触导热,具有成本低、稳定性高的优势。(The invention discloses a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission.A low-temperature Dewar is arranged on a bottom plate, a rotating shaft is arranged in the low-temperature Dewar, a round rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the rotating structure, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is arranged on the driven end of the magnetic coupling in a clearance mode, and the wall of the low-temperature Dewar penetrates through the space between the driving end of the magnetic coupling and the driven end of the magnetic coupling; the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected with an intermediate shaft, and the intermediate shaft is connected with a rotating motor through the coupling; and a stator superconducting strip is arranged below the rotor and connected with the load superconducting coil. The invention realizes non-contact transmission by combining the high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupler and the magnetic suspension bearing, avoids a high-power supply required by the excitation of the superconducting magnet, blocks the contact heat conduction caused by the current lead and the rotating shaft, and has the advantages of low cost and high stability.)

1. A permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, wherein a low-temperature Dewar is arranged on the bottom plate, a rotating shaft is arranged in the low-temperature Dewar, a circular rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the rotor; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the rotating structure, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is arranged on the driven end of the magnetic coupling in a clearance mode, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxial with the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and the wall of the low-temperature Dewar penetrates through the clearance between the driving end of the magnetic coupling and the driven end of the magnetic coupling; the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected with an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is connected with a rotating motor through a coupling, and the rotating motor is installed on a bottom plate through a motor base; and a stator superconducting strip is placed below the rotor and connected with the load superconducting coil.

2. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1, wherein the rotary structure further comprises a driven end of a magnetic coupling and a driving end of the magnetic coupling, the rotary shaft is fixed on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially arranged in the gap of the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the wall of the low-temperature Dewar penetrates through the gap between the driven end of the magnetic coupling and the driving end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is connected with an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is mounted on a bearing seat through a bearing, and the bearing seat is fixed on the bottom plate.

3. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on the high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of high-temperature superconducting blocks are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the driven end of the magnetic coupling, a plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the driving end of the magnetic coupling, and the plurality of permanent magnets are alternately arranged in S pole and N pole or arranged in Halbach.

4. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1, wherein the rotary structure comprises a magnetic suspension bearing stator, the magnetic suspension bearing stator is installed on the inner wall of the low-temperature dewar, the end portion of the rotating shaft is installed in a shaft hole formed in the magnetic suspension bearing stator, a plurality of bearing permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the end portion of the rotating shaft, and a bearing superconductor is arranged on the circumference of the inner wall of the shaft hole.

5. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1, wherein the rotary structure comprises a bearing seat, the end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the bearing seat through a bearing, the bearing seat is also arranged between the rotor and the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and the bearing seat is fixed in the low-temperature Dewar.

6. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission according to claim 1, wherein the rotary structure comprises a coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator and an axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor, a plurality of rings of coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator, magnetic poles among the plurality of axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets are arranged in a cross manner, and a plurality of rings of axial superconducting magnetic bearing superconducting blocks are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor; the end part of the rotating shaft is fixed on an axial superconducting magnetic suspension bearing rotor, and the axial superconducting magnetic suspension bearing stator is fixed on the outer wall of the low-temperature Dewar.

7. The permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on the high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission of claim 1, wherein the rotor is fixed through a shaft shoulder and a shaft collar arranged on a rotating shaft.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of non-contact power supply, in particular to a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission.

Background

Since the discovery of superconductivity in the last century, superconducting magnets have great application prospects in the fields of high-speed transportation, electric power energy, national defense science and technology, medical treatment, major scientific projects and the like, such as superconducting energy storage, superconducting magnetic levitation, magnetic resonance imaging, superconducting motors and the like. With the emergence of high-temperature superconducting materials, due to higher transition temperature, critical magnetic field, high field performance and current carrying capacity and the increasing perfection of preparation processes, superconducting magnets with higher magnetic field intensity and stability become research hotspots.

In order to generate a stable strong magnetic field, a large current needs to be injected into the superconducting magnet. Traditionally, current leads are used to directly power superconducting magnets across the cryogenic and room temperature environments. However, this method requires a very high power supply, which increases the cost of the application. In addition, a large heat leakage source is formed by the current lead which is bridged between the room temperature and the low-temperature environment, and researches show that the heat leakage quantity can reach 0.1W/A, the refrigeration cost of a low-temperature system is increased, and the operation stability of the superconducting magnet is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, due to the phenomena of magnetic flux flowing, creeping and the like in the operation process of the high-temperature superconducting material, the superconducting magnet has certain loss and cannot operate in a closed-loop constant-current mode for a long time, so that the superconducting magnet cannot be directly applied to occasions needing a stable strong magnetic field.

By adopting the non-contact excitation method of the high-temperature superconducting magnet, the power supply is not directly connected with the load magnet, so that the phenomenon that large current directly enters a low-temperature environment from room temperature through the current lead is avoided, and the heat leakage of the current lead is reduced. The non-contact excitation method has the advantages that larger current is injected into the superconducting magnet by smaller current, a complex power supply system is simplified, and the power supply cost is reduced. The superconducting magnet can be compensated for non-contact loss in the running process of the superconducting magnet, and a constant current mode is maintained.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission, which reduces the heat leakage of a system and the power supply cost.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the permanent magnet rotary excitation device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a low-temperature Dewar is arranged on the bottom plate, a rotating shaft is arranged in the low-temperature Dewar, a circular rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the rotor; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the rotating structure, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the driven end of the magnetic coupling, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is arranged on the driven end of the magnetic coupling in a clearance mode, the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxial with the driven end of the magnetic coupling, and the wall of the low-temperature Dewar penetrates through the clearance between the driving end of the magnetic coupling and the driven end of the magnetic coupling; the driving end of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected with an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft is connected with a rotating motor through the coupling, and the rotating motor is arranged on the bottom plate through a motor base; and a stator superconducting strip is arranged below the rotor and connected with the load superconducting coil.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and strong nonlinear electromagnetic property of high-temperature superconducting materials, the motor drives the rotor and the permanent magnet to rotate, the formed rotating magnetic field generates direct current voltage which linearly changes along with the rotating frequency at two ends of the strip material, the direct current voltage is excited by a superconducting coil connected with the rotating magnetic field, and high-power direct current is induced in the superconducting magnet by using a magnetic field with a smaller level. The current lead wire which spans large temperature difference is eliminated, complex high-power supply equipment is avoided, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.

Based on the magnetic flux pinning effect of the high-temperature superconducting material, the invention realizes the wall-spanning type non-contact transmission by using the high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling, realizes the non-contact self-stable rotation by using the high-temperature superconducting magnetic bearing, and thoroughly isolates the low-temperature environment of the superconducting magnet from the room-temperature environment. The superconducting magnet is subjected to non-contact power supply and operation energy consumption compensation, a high-power supply required by excitation of the superconducting magnet is avoided, contact heat conduction caused by a current lead and a rotating shaft is blocked, and the superconducting magnet has the advantages of low operation cost and high stability. The magnetic flux pinning force between the high-temperature superconducting block and the permanent magnet is far higher than the magnetic attraction force between the traditional permanent magnets, and the magnetic flux pinning device has the advantages of self-stability and no need of external active control.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first diagram of a permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission.

Fig. 2 is a second diagram of a permanent magnetic rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission.

Fig. 3 is a third diagram of a permanent magnetic rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission.

Fig. 4 is a fourth diagram of a permanent magnetic rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first arrangement mode of permanent magnets on the driving end of the magnetic coupling.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement mode of permanent magnets on the driving end of the magnetic coupling.

Fig. 7 is a structural view of a magnetic bearing stator.

Fig. 8 is a structural view of an axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator.

Fig. 9 is a structural view of the rotor.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a structure of a connection of a superconducting tape for a stator to a superconducting coil for a load.

The magnetic coupling device comprises a rotating motor 1, a rotating motor 2, a coupling 3, an intermediate shaft 4, a bearing seat 5, a bearing 6-1, a driving end of the magnetic coupling 6-2, a permanent magnet 7-1, a high-temperature superconducting block 7-2, a driven end of the magnetic coupling 8, a rotating shaft 9, a rotor 9-1, a rotor permanent magnet 10, a low-temperature Dewar 11, a bottom plate 12, a stator superconducting strip 13, a motor base 14, a magnetic suspension bearing stator 14-1, a bearing superconductor 14-2, a bearing permanent magnet 15-1, an axial superconducting magnetic suspension bearing rotor 15-2, an axial superconducting magnetic suspension bearing superconducting block 16-1, an axial superconducting magnetic suspension bearing stator 16-2, an axial superconducting magnetic suspension bearing permanent magnet 17 and an ultralow-temperature bearing.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.

As shown in fig. 1, 9 and 10, the permanent magnet rotary excitation device based on high-temperature superconducting magnetic coupling transmission of the present scheme includes a bottom plate 11, a low-temperature dewar 10 is arranged on the bottom plate 11, a rotating shaft 8 is arranged in the low-temperature dewar 10, a circular rotor 9 is arranged on the rotating shaft 8, and a plurality of rotor permanent magnets 9-1 are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the rotor 9; one end of the rotating shaft 8 is fixed in the rotating structure, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixed on a driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, a driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is arranged on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling in a clearance mode, the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is coaxial with the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, and the wall of the low-temperature Dewar 10 penetrates through the space between the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling and the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling; the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is coaxially connected with the intermediate shaft 3, the intermediate shaft 3 is connected with the rotating motor 1 through the coupling 2, and the rotating motor 1 is installed on the bottom plate 11 through the motor base 13; a stator superconducting tape 12 is placed below the rotor 9, and the stator superconducting tape 12 is connected to the load superconducting coil. The rotor 9 is secured by means of a shoulder and collar provided on the shaft 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the rotating structure also comprises a driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling and a driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling, a rotating shaft 8 is fixed on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, a coaxial driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is arranged on the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling in a clearance manner, the wall of the low-temperature dewar 10 penetrates through the space between the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling and the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling, the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling is connected with an intermediate shaft 3, the intermediate shaft 3 is installed on a bearing seat 4 through a bearing 5, and the bearing seat 4 is fixed on a.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a plurality of high-temperature superconducting blocks 7-1 are uniformly arranged on the end face of the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, a plurality of permanent magnets 6-2 are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling, the permanent magnets 6-2 are adhered to the driving end 6-1 of the magnetic coupling by using low-temperature-resistant epoxy resin, the permanent magnets 6-2 are alternately arranged in an S pole and an N pole, and the permanent magnets 6-2 can be arranged in a Halbach array. The rotating shaft 8 is suspended in the low-temperature Dewar 10 in a self-stabilizing manner through the pinning force between the high-temperature superconducting bulk 7-1 and the permanent magnet 6-2.

The rotating motor 1 is driven by a power supply to drive the driving end 6-1 of the superconducting magnetic coupling to rotate through the coupling 2 and the intermediate shaft 3, the driving end 6-1 of the superconducting magnetic coupling drives the driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, the rotating shaft 8 connected with the driving end and the rotor 9 installed on the rotating shaft 8 to rotate through the pinning force between the permanent magnet 6-2 and the high-temperature superconducting block 7-1, the rotating rotor permanent magnet 9-1 generates a rotating magnetic field on the surface of the high-temperature superconducting strip, and electromotive force is generated at two ends of the superconducting strip by utilizing the strong nonlinear conductive characteristic of the superconducting strip, so that a load superconducting magnet connected with the superconducting strip is excited.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the rotating structure of the present solution may also be: the device comprises a magnetic suspension bearing stator 14, wherein the magnetic suspension bearing stator 14 is installed on the inner wall of a low-temperature Dewar 10, the end part of a rotating shaft 8 is installed in a shaft hole formed in the magnetic suspension bearing stator 14, a plurality of bearing permanent magnets 14-2 are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the end part of the rotating shaft 8, and a bearing superconductor 14-1 is arranged on the circumference of the inner wall of the shaft hole.

As shown in fig. 3, the rotating structure of the present solution may also be: the magnetic coupling comprises a bearing seat 4, the end part of a rotating shaft 8 is fixed on the bearing seat 4 through an ultralow temperature bearing 17, the bearing seat 4 is also arranged between a rotor 9 and a driven end 7-2 of the magnetic coupling, and the bearing seat 4 is fixed in a low-temperature Dewar 10. The rotating shaft 8 needs to be supported and fixed by an ultralow temperature bearing 17 which can work in a liquid nitrogen environment, and meanwhile, the bearing seat 4 needs to be tightly connected with the bottom surface of the low temperature dewar 10.

As shown in fig. 4 and 8, the rotating structure of the present solution may also be: the superconducting axial superconducting magnetic bearing comprises a coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator 16-1 and an axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor 15-1, wherein a plurality of circles of coaxial axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets 16-2 are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator 16-1, magnetic poles among the plurality of axial superconducting magnetic bearing permanent magnets 16-2 are arranged in a crossed manner, and a plurality of circles of axial superconducting magnetic bearing superconducting blocks 15-2 are arranged on the circumference of the axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor 15-1; the end part of the rotating shaft 8 is fixed on an axial superconducting magnetic bearing rotor 15-1, and an axial superconducting magnetic bearing stator 16-1 is fixed on the outer wall of the low-temperature Dewar 10.

The invention utilizes the magnetic flux pinning effect of high-temperature superconducting materials and the non-contact transmission characteristics of the high-magnetic coupling 2 and the high-temperature superconducting magnetic bearing 5, and thoroughly isolates the low-temperature environment of superconducting magnet operation from the room-temperature environment through the low-temperature Dewar 10, thereby reducing the heat leakage of the system and reducing the power supply cost. And non-contact excitation and energy consumption compensation of the high-temperature superconducting magnet are realized.

The invention utilizes the strong nonlinear electromagnetic property of high-temperature superconducting materials and Faraday electromagnetic induction law, the rotor 9 is driven to rotate by the motor, the rotating permanent magnet 6-2 generates a rotating magnetic field on the surface of a superconducting strip to excite the superconducting magnet, and large current can be induced in the superconducting magnet by small current, thereby saving complex power supply equipment and reducing cost.

The superconducting magnetic coupling 2 can realize wall-crossing type non-contact transmission, completely separates the room temperature environment from the low temperature environment, saves a current lead wire crossing a large temperature difference, greatly reduces the heat leakage of the system and reduces the refrigeration cost. The stable non-contact transmission is realized by utilizing the unique pinning force between the high-temperature superconducting block 7-1 and the permanent magnet 6-2, the magnetic flux pinning force is higher in stability compared with the magnetic force between the traditional permanent magnet 6-2, and the external active control is not needed.