阅读说明：本技术 一种富硒养心菜桑叶茶的制作方法 (Preparation method of selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb and mulberry leaf tea ) 是由 蒋思前 卿筠 蒋勰 张宪文 张守合 于 2021-02-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种富硒养心菜桑叶茶的制作方法,其材料组成按重量百分比计算由以下组份组成：优质富硒养心菜60％,桑叶39％,茉莉花1％；制作过程中全部采用低温加工,最高温度不超过60℃,最大程度地保留了桑叶中的多糖、黄酮和生物碱类DNJ成分,使其营养成分不流失,从而保证了产品的功效。富硒养心菜桑叶茶在制作过程中,从富硒养心菜中脱出去的液体里含有很多营养物质,但通过回收回来浸泡桑叶,就把大部分营养成分通过桑叶回收回来了,同时还提高了桑叶中的硒含量,从而进一步提过了产品的品质。(A method for preparing selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of high-quality selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb, 39% of mulberry leaf and 1% of jasmine flower; the preparation process adopts low-temperature processing, the highest temperature is not more than 60 ℃, and the polysaccharide, flavone and alkaloid DNJ components in the mulberry leaves are retained to the maximum extent, so that the nutritional ingredients are not lost, and the efficacy of the product is ensured. During the preparation process of the selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb and mulberry leaf tea, the liquid separated from the selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb contains a plurality of nutrient substances, but the nutrient substances are recovered through the mulberry leaves to soak the mulberry leaves, so that most of the nutrient components are recovered through the mulberry leaves, and the selenium content in the mulberry leaves is also improved, thereby further improving the product quality.)

1. A method for preparing selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea is characterized by comprising the following steps: the material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of high-quality selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb, 39% of mulberry leaf and 1% of jasmine flower.

2. A method for preparing selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1 stock preparation

Preparing 60 parts of harvested selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb, 39 parts of high-quality tender mulberry leaves and 1 part of fresh jasmine flowers for later use;

s2-selecting materials

Selecting selenium-rich sedum aizoon with good color from the selenium-rich sedum aizoon of S1, and removing root tendons;

selecting mulberry leaves with good color from the mulberry leaves for use in S1, and removing leaves and stems;

selecting jasmine flowers with good color from fresh jasmine flowers for standby in S1;

s3-drying in the sun

Cleaning the mulberry leaves selected in S2, and airing to be dry (the water content is 45-50%);

cleaning the selenium-rich sedum aizoon selected from S2, and air drying in the shade;

s4-dehydration: heating the selenium-rich sedum aizoon dried in the air of S3 to 55-60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, putting the selenium-rich sedum aizoon into a dehydrator to remove water (for 10 minutes), and putting the liquid obtained after dehydration into a clean container to keep the temperature for later use;

s5-rolling selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb: placing the selenium-rich sedum aizoon without water in the S4 into a rolling machine, heating to 55-60 ℃, rolling into strips, and drying;

s6-cutting and soaking mulberry leaves: cutting the mulberry leaves obtained in the step S3 into small blocks of about 3CM by 3CM, and putting the small blocks into the liquid obtained in the step S4 for soaking for 24 hours at constant temperature (the mulberry leaves are rich in selenium);

s7-rolling mulberry leaves: heating the mulberry leaves soaked in the S6 in a rolling machine to 55-60 ℃, rolling into strips, and drying;

s8-fragrance extraction: uniformly mixing the selenium-rich heart-nourishing vegetable strips dried in the step S5 and the mulberry leaf strips dried in the step S7, heating to 55-60 ℃, adding jasmine flowers for standby in the step S2, uniformly stirring, sealing for 24 hours, (keeping the temperature for 10 minutes after uniform stirring, stopping heating, and naturally cooling to the normal temperature);

s9-packaging: and weighing and packaging the product obtained in the step S8 to obtain the finished selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of health care, and relates to a method for preparing selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb and mulberry leaf tea.

Background

The aizoon stonecrop herb is also called high-calcium aizoon stonecrop herb, sedge (Sedum aizoon L.), high-calcium vegetable, aizoon stonecrop herb, gynura procumbens and the like, and the whole herbs of the perennial herbaceous plants have homology of medicine and food. The leaves of the heart-saving vegetable are wide, thick and emerald green, the stems are tender yellow and in a node shape, the stem is exactly like the tips of the bamboo shoots, and the gorgeous yellow flowers are opened when the stem is mature.

The aizoon stonecrop herb is perennial root herbaceous plant of Crassulaceae, has the plant height of 25-50 cm, has the characteristics of cold resistance (the plant can safely pass winter at minus 30 ℃), drought resistance (a single plant can survive after being planted 15 days away from soil), shade resistance (can well grow under deciduous fruit trees), and the like, has less plant diseases and insect pests, basically does not need to spray pesticide, and has no pesticide pollution. The root is like ginseng, the stem is like garlic sprout, and the leaf is like willow leaf. Clumping, strong tillering force and fleshy root; the leaf is spoon-shaped, is green, wide and juicy, and has sawtooth-shaped leaf edges; the stem is tender yellow and nodular and is similar to the tip of bamboo shoot.

The aizoon stonecrop herb is rich in nutrition and can be used for dietotherapy. Is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, carotene, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, nicotinic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, etc.; further contains medicinal components such as alkaloid, oleanolic acid, sitosterol, flavonoid, sedoheptulose, fructose, sucrose, organic acid and the like.

According to the traditional Chinese medicine theories of rare Chinese medicine spectra, modern Chinese medicine clinical manuals and the like, the high-calcium vegetable has the functions of reducing blood pressure and blood fat, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, tonifying qi and heart, calming heart and liver, clearing heat and cooling blood, has the effects of reducing the toxicity of the amphetamine and expanding coronary arteries, has good curative effects on hematemesis, hemoptysis, dysphoria, insomnia and palpitation hysteria, and can achieve the effects of diminishing swelling and stopping bleeding after being externally used. The high-calcium vegetable can be used as a medicine for the whole body, is a plant with very high medicinal value, and the Chinese herbal medicine is easy to survive, does not need to be sprayed for controlling insects, and is an absolute pure pollution-free green vegetable.

The aizoon stonecrop herb tender stem leaves are rich in nutrition, each 100 g of aizoon stonecrop herb tender stem leaves contains 2.1g of protein, 0.87g of amino acid, 1.5g of total sugar, 0.78g of fat, 2.4g of dietary fiber, 95mg of vitamin C, 500mg of calcium, 69mg of phosphorus, 3.2mg of iron, 2.8mg of carotene and 900mg of nicotinic acid, and also contains rich alkaloid, oleanolic acid, sitosterol, sedoheptulose, flavonoid, organic acid and other physiologically active substances, thus being an ideal green food for calcium supplement of middle-aged and elderly people. . The high-calcium vegetable is mainly eaten by tender stems and leaves, and has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, stopping bleeding and stopping cough, reducing vascular purpura, improving the immunity of a human body and resisting virus; also has effects in purging pathogenic fire, cooling blood, relieving inflammation, and promoting fluid production.

The aizoon stonecrop herb has many years of growth, does not need to be planted for thirty years once, has cold resistance, drought resistance, saline-alkali resistance, barren resistance and sand resistance, and is suitable for planting in various soils. The yield per mu in a year is about 20 to 60 tons (the yield is directly related to soil, water source, fertility, climate, management and harvesting times).

The aizoon stonecrop herb is used as a 'nutritive plant', is a natural green manure, is used for improving saline-alkali soil and sandy wasteland, promotes the dual use of grass manure, and plays an immeasurable role in the effective utilization, the synergism and the yield increase of the land in China.

Selenium is a trace element necessary for human bodies, has the functions of resisting oxidation and aging, can cause diseases and aging of the human bodies due to oxidative damage in the human bodies, can activate the antioxidant system of the human bodies, controls the oxidative damage caused by sedimentation, and prevents diseases. The antioxidant effect of selenium is more than 500 times of that of vitamin E.

Selenium can protect and repair cells, improve oxygen carrying capacity of erythrocytes, and improve immunity. In addition, selenium can decompose toxin, remove harmful substances in liver, and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Most important selenium can resist cancer. The selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb is a safe, environment-friendly and ecological selenium-rich food.

The mulberry leaves are also named: the sianchau tea is called mulberry leaf tea as longevity tea in Japan and is a food which is approved by the national ministry of health and is homologous with medicine and food. It can be taken safely by patients without theophylline caffeine, stomachache and insomnia. Mulberry leaves are wind-heat-dispersing medicines and can be taken orally or applied externally.^[3]It is cold in nature, sweet and bitter in taste, has effects of dispelling pathogenic wind and heat, clearing lung-heat, moistening dryness, removing liver fire, and improving eyesight, and can be used for treating wind-heat type common cold, lung heat type cough, dizziness, headache, conjunctival congestion, and dim eyesight.^[4]

In modern Chinese and Western medicine, mulberry leaf and its biological preparation are used as medicine for improving diabetes and other various difficult and complicated diseases. Has effects in clearing away lung heat, moistening dryness, relieving cough, removing heat, eliminating phlegm, and treating night sweat; nourishing liver, removing liver fire, improving eyesight, treating dizziness and insomnia, and relieving eye fatigue; detumescence and blood-cleaning for treating dysentery and abdominal pain, reducing weight, removing loempe, benefiting large intestine and small intestine; anti-stress, cooling blood, lowering blood pressure, reducing blood lipid, preventing myocardial infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, relieving headache, and promoting hair growth; reducing blood sugar, resisting diabetes, etc.

Blood pressure lowering effect

Rutin, quercetin and quercitrin in folium Mori can increase contractility and output in vitro and in frog heart, and reduce heart rate. Rutin can cause vasoconstriction of toad lower limbs and rabbit ear, quercetin can dilate coronary blood vessel, and improve myocardial circulation. The gamma-aminobutyric acid, rutin and quercetin have the function of reducing blood pressure. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a nerve transmission substance, can promote the metabolism of brain tissues and restore the functions of brain cells, and simultaneously can improve the blood flow of the brain, enhance the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme I and promote the reduction of blood pressure.

Reducing blood sugar, blood lipid, cholesterol, thrombosis and atherosclerosis

Folium Mori has effects of inhibiting fatty liver formation, reducing serum fat and inhibiting atherosclerosis formation. The active ingredients include DNJ, phytosterol, flavonoids, etc.

The mulberry leaves contain flavonoid components for strengthening capillary vessels and reducing blood viscosity, and in addition, the mulberry leaves contain components for resisting LDL-lipoprotein oxidation in vivo, so the mulberry leaves have the effects of reducing weight, improving hyperlipidemia and preventing myocardial infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. Japanese experts, the Kyoho, prove that the mulberry leaf extract has the inhibition effect on the serum lipid increase of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. The mulberry leaf tea can obviously increase the serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and HDL-C/TC (p is less than 0.05), obviously reduce the Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and Triacylglycerol (TG) (p is less than 0.05) and obviously reduce the Lipid Peroxide (LPO) (p is less than 0.001), thereby showing that the mulberry leaf tea can reduce the blood lipid and blood sugar, soften blood vessels and eliminate peroxide in vivo, and having the inhibiting effect on the serum lipid increase of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (Huangdaiqing et al, 1995).

Antibacterial and antiinflammatory effects

The mulberry leaf juice has good growth inhibition effect on most gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria and part of yeasts (fan Li Sheng, 2001). And the required antibacterial concentration is low, the pH value range is wide (4-9), and the thermal stability is strong. Rutin in mulberry can obviously inhibit traumatic edema of rats and can prevent the development of conjunctivitis, auricle inflammation and pulmonary edema. Mulberry leaf has strong anti-inflammatory action, and accords with the efficacies of dispelling wind and clearing heat (Chenfujun, et al, 1995)

Antiviral and antitumor effects

The mulberry leaf can prevent cancer cell generation and improve human immunity, and has the main functional components of DNJ, flavonoid, mulberry extract, gamma-aminobutyric acid and vitamin, and can inhibit chromosome mutation and gene mutation. DNJ has significant antiretroviral activity (Tierney, 1995). The IG30 content was 1.2-2.5. mu.g/mL, and the inhibitory potency increased with increasing DNJ dose (Ouyangzhen, 2003). The inhibition rate of DNJ on tumor metastasis is 80.5%, and the inhibition mechanism of DNJ is probably that DNI generates immature carbohydrate chains on the surface of tumor cells by inhibiting the activity of glycosidase, so that the tumor metastasis capacity is weakened.

The Kim (2000) of the Korea scholars finds that two kinds of flavonoids, quercetin-3-beta-D glucopyranoside and quercetin-3-7-dioxo-beta-D-glucopyranoside, which are separated and purified from mulberry leaves, show a remarkable inhibitory effect on the growth of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60). The mulberry leaf has anticancer activity, and the mulberry leaf has mutagen inhibiting effect.

Anti-aging and anti-fatigue effects

Clinical pharmacological research proves that mulberry leaves have the functions of tonifying and resisting aging similar to ginseng. The ginseng belongs to heat tonifying, the mulberry leaves belong to clear tonifying, and the ginseng and the mulberry leaves are used by both the old and the young without any contraindication, and are suitable for four seasons.

In addition, quercetin, phenolic compounds, vitamin C, etc. contained in mulberry leaves can inhibit or scavenge free radicals to prevent oxidative damage. The mulberry leaf has the functions of tonifying, resisting aging and stabilizing the function of a nervous system, similar to ginseng, can relieve emotional agitation caused by physiological change, improve the activity of superoxide dismutase in vivo, prevent the generation of harmful substances in vivo and reduce or eliminate lipofuscin (Huangdong et al, 2000) which is generated and accumulated in the body. The mulberry leaves can improve the tolerance of mice to high-temperature stimulation and prevent the hypofunction of adrenal cortex distribution caused by stress stimulation, and when the adrenal gland function is low, the mulberry leaves can restore the normal state. The mulberry leaves can prolong the swimming and rod rotating time of mice, have the function of enhancing the endurance of organisms and can prolong the service life of fruit flies. Can effectively remove superoxide anion generated by biological oxidation, and has the effect of delaying aging (Tang-type, etc., 2000).

Anti-filariasis effect

The single mulberry leaf injection has the function of resisting filariasis, the mulberry leaf tablet can be used for treating filariasis elephantiasis and chyluria (yaolianjunyi, 1996; wangbeiyi, 1999), and the action mechanism of the mulberry leaf tablet can be the comprehensive result of the functions of anti-inflammation, detumescence, tissue softening, antibiosis and the like of rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, coumarin, chlorogenic acid and the like contained in mulberry leaves.

Spasmolytic and antiulcer effects

Quercetin in mulberry leaves can reduce tension of smooth muscles of intestines and bronchus, the spasmolysis effect of the quercetin is stronger than that of rutin, rutin can reduce the gastric motility function of rats and can relieve small intestine smooth muscle spasm caused by barium chloride, and 5-10 mg/kg of rutin through subcutaneous injection can obviously reduce the focus number of gastric ulcer of the rats caused by pylorus ligation (Xuelian et al, 2005).

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for preparing selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb and mulberry leaf tea, firstly, high-quality selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb and tender mulberry leaves are made into tea leaves, and the tea leaves are brewed by boiled water, clear and bright, fragrant and sweet, fresh, mellow and tasty, and especially provides a novel beverage for middle-aged and elderly people and people who are not suitable for drinking tea, so that the novel beverage can obtain a certain health care effect in the tea drinking process, and the tea is beneficial to health preservation and health care and can prolong the life after being drunk frequently.

The invention has the greatest characteristic that the preparation process adopts low-temperature processing, and the highest temperature does not exceed 60 ℃, thereby ensuring no loss of nutrient components and ensuring the efficacy of the product.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a production flow diagram of selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea, wherein:

s1-preparing materials S2-selecting materials S3-airing S4-dehydrating S5-rolling selenium-enriched heart-nourishing vegetable S6-cutting and soaking mulberry leaves S7-rolling mulberry leaves S8-extracting fragrance S9-packaging

Detailed description of the invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb and mulberry leaf tea, and the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea is characterized by comprising the following steps: the material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of high-quality selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb, 39% of mulberry leaf and 1% of jasmine flower;

the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1 stock preparation

Preparing 60 parts of harvested selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb, 39 parts of high-quality tender mulberry leaves and 1 part of fresh jasmine flowers for later use;

s2-selecting materials

Selecting selenium-rich sedum aizoon with good color from the selenium-rich sedum aizoon of S1, and removing root tendons;

selecting mulberry leaves with good color from the mulberry leaves for use in S1, and removing leaves and stems;

selecting jasmine flowers with good color from fresh jasmine flowers for standby in S1;

s3-drying in the sun

Cleaning the mulberry leaves selected in S2, and airing to be dry (the water content is 45-50%);

cleaning the selenium-rich sedum aizoon selected from S2, and air drying in the shade;

s4-dehydration: heating the selenium-rich sedum aizoon dried in the air of S3 to 55-60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, putting the selenium-rich sedum aizoon into a dehydrator to remove water (for 10 minutes), and putting the liquid obtained after dehydration into a clean container to keep the temperature for later use;

s5-rolling selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb: placing the selenium-rich sedum aizoon without water in the S4 into a rolling machine, heating to 55-60 ℃, rolling into strips, and drying;

s6-cutting and soaking mulberry leaves: cutting the mulberry leaves obtained in the step S3 into small blocks of about 3CM by 3CM, and putting the small blocks into the liquid obtained in the step S4 for soaking for 24 hours at constant temperature (the mulberry leaves are rich in selenium);

s7-rolling mulberry leaves: heating the mulberry leaves soaked in the S6 in a rolling machine to 55-60 ℃, rolling into strips, and drying;

s8-fragrance extraction: uniformly mixing the selenium-rich heart-nourishing vegetable strips dried in the step S5 and the mulberry leaf strips dried in the step S7, heating to 55-60 ℃, adding jasmine flowers for standby in the step S2, uniformly stirring, sealing for 24 hours, (keeping the temperature for 10 minutes after uniform stirring, stopping heating, and naturally cooling to the normal temperature);

s9-packaging: and weighing and packaging the product obtained in the step S8 to obtain the finished selenium-enriched aizoon stonecrop herb mulberry leaf tea.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the preparation process adopts low-temperature processing, the highest temperature is not more than 60 ℃, and the polysaccharide, flavone and alkaloid DNJ components in the mulberry leaves are retained to the maximum extent, so that the nutritional ingredients are not lost, and the efficacy of the product is ensured.

In addition, the water removed in the process of the selenium-rich aizoon stonecrop herb contains a plurality of nutrient substances, but most of nutrient components are recovered through the mulberry leaves by recovering and soaking the mulberry leaves, and the selenium content in the mulberry leaves is also improved, so that the product quality is further improved.

The product can be used for making tea for drinking, and can also be used for cooking porridge and soup.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.