阅读说明：本技术 一种提高绒山羊免疫力的混合养殖饲料及制备方法和用途 (Mixed culture feed for improving immunity of cashmere goats and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 李陇平 刘锦旺 朱海鲸 于 2021-01-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及羊饲料制备技术领域,具体公开了一种提高绒山羊免疫力的混合养殖饲料及制备方法和用途,混合养殖饲料由以下重量份数的原料组成：青饲料80-90份,玉米秸秆10-20份,食盐3-5份,山楂粉3-5份,姜粉0.5-1.5份,小苏打1-3份,微生物添加剂1-3份,微生物添加剂由乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌和酵母菌组成,且每g微生物添加剂中含有乳酸菌5.6ⅹ10～7CFU,芽孢杆菌6.4ⅹ10～7CFU和CFU/g,酵母菌3.8ⅹ10～7CFU/g组成。本发明制备的混合养殖饲料有效的提高了绒山羊的免疫力,预防了绒山羊感冒和拉稀,从而保证了其绒毛质量。(The invention relates to the technical field of sheep feed preparation, and particularly discloses a mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of cashmere goats, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the mixed culture feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of green feed, 10-20 parts of corn straw, 3-5 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of hawthorn powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of ginger powder, 1-3 parts of baking soda and 1-3 parts of microbial additive, wherein the microbial additive consists of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomycetes, and each g of the microbial additive contains 5.6 x 10 lactic acid bacteria 7 CFU, Bacillus 6.4 x 10 7 CFU and CFU/g, yeast 3.8 x 10 7 CFU/g composition. The mixed culture feed prepared by the invention effectively improves the immunity of the cashmere goats, and prevents the cashmere goat from catching a cold and diarrhea, thereby ensuring the fluff quality of the cashmere goats.)

1. The mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of the cashmere goats is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

80-90 parts of green feed, 10-20 parts of corn straw, 3-5 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of hawthorn powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of ginger powder, 1-3 parts of baking soda and 0.5-0.7 part of microbial additive;

the microbial additive comprises lactobacillus, bacillus and yeast;

the microbial additive contains lactobacillus 5.5-5.7 x 10 per g⁷CFU, Bacillus sp 6.3-6.5 x 10⁷CFU and CFU/g, yeast 3.7-3.9 x 10⁷CFU/g composition.

2. The mixed aquaculture feed for improving the immunity of the cashmere goats according to claim 1, wherein the green feed is one or more of vegetable leaves, wild herbs, pasture or leaves.

3. The method for preparing mixed culture feed according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials according to parts by weight;

s2, cutting fresh green feed into segments of 3-4cm, and cutting corn stalks into segments of 2-3cm for later use;

s3, mixing the cut green feed and the cut corn straw, adding salt, hawthorn powder, ginger powder and baking soda, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a dry mixed material;

s4, respectively preparing the lactobacillus, the bacillus and the yeast into microbial inoculum, spraying the microbial inoculum onto the mixed dry material, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain the mixed aquaculture feed.

4. Use of the mixed aquaculture feed of claim 1 in the preparation of a feed for cashmere goat farming.

5. Use of the mixed aquaculture feed according to claim 4 for the preparation of a feed for the breeding of cashmere goats, characterized in that said mixed aquaculture feed is a feed for improving the goat immunity and preventing cold.

6. Use of the mixed aquaculture feed according to claim 5 for the preparation of a feed for the farming of cashmere goats, characterized in that said mixed aquaculture feed is a feed for the prevention of the thinning of cashmere goats.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sheep feed preparation, and particularly relates to a mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of cashmere goats, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The cashmere grows on the outer epidermal layer of the goat, covers the thin fine cashmere at the root of the goat coarse hair, grows in cold winter, resists wind cold, falls off after being heated in spring, naturally adapts to the climate, and belongs to rare special animal fibers. Cashmere is so precious that not only the output is rare (only accounting for 0.2% of the total world animal fiber output), but also the excellent quality and characteristics of cashmere are more important, and the cashmere is regarded as 'fibrous precious stone' and 'fibrous queen' at the price of grammes in trade, which are incomparable with all textile raw materials which can be used by human beings at present, and is also called 'soft gold'. About 70% of the world's cashmere is produced in china, and is also superior in quality to other countries.

The cashmere goats generally grow in high and cold areas, thick and long outer-layer fleeces are covered on the whole body, fine and soft villi grow on the inner layer, and the villi naturally fall off at spring and summer every year. The breeder usually combs off the hair on the sheep body by using iron in the hair removal season. The fine down is processed primarily to remove impurities and carding treatment, and the coarse down, impurities, dust and other matters are removed, and the clean fine down is separated to be called as non-down, the coarse down content of the clean down is below 0.5%, the adaptability of the down goat is strong, and the hereditary performance is stable.

However, in the raising process of the cashmere goat, diseases such as cold, cough and the like are frequently caused due to low immunity, and the phenomenon of diarrhea of the cashmere goat can also be caused, and the growth condition of the goat can be seriously influenced by drug treatment, so that the quality of the wool of the goat is further influenced, therefore, the feed is more important for preventing the diseases, and the feed capable of preventing the cold and the diarrhea of the goat and improving the immunity is also lacked in the market at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of the cashmere goats, and the preparation method and the application thereof.

The invention relates to a mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of cashmere goats, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

80-90 parts of green feed, 10-20 parts of corn straw, 3-5 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of hawthorn powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of ginger powder, 1-3 parts of baking soda and 0.5-0.7 part of microbial additive;

the microbial additive comprises lactobacillus, bacillus and yeast;

the microbial additive contains lactobacillus 5.5-5.7 x 10 per g⁷CFU, Bacillus sp 6.3-6.5 x 10⁷CFU and CFU/g, yeast 3.7-3.9 x 10⁷CFU/g composition.

Furthermore, the green feed is one or more of vegetable leaves, wild herbs, pasture or leaves.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the mixed culture feed, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials according to parts by weight;

s2, cutting fresh green feed into segments of 3-4cm, and cutting corn stalks into segments of 2-3cm for later use;

s3, mixing the cut green feed and the cut corn straw, adding salt, hawthorn powder, ginger powder and baking soda, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a dry mixed material;

s4, respectively preparing the lactobacillus, the bacillus and the yeast into microbial inoculum, spraying the microbial inoculum onto the mixed dry material, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain the mixed aquaculture feed.

The third purpose of the application is to provide the application of the mixed culture feed in preparing the feed for culturing the cashmere goats.

Further, the mixed culture feed is a feed for improving the immunity of the goats and preventing cold.

Further, the mixed culture feed is a feed for preventing the dilution of the cashmere goats.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the baking soda can relieve the reduction of the pH value in the goat rumen of the cashmere goat after the green feed is eaten, so that the pH value in the goat rumen of the cashmere goat is kept neutral, the intestinal microbial imbalance is avoided, and the ruminal tympany is prevented;

a small amount of fructus crataegi powder and rhizoma Zingiberis recens powder can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis of cashmere goat, promote digestion, prevent food accumulation, stimulate appetite, and promote growth of cashmere goat.

2. The mixed culture feed prepared by the invention can effectively improve the immunity of the goats and prevent cold and goat diarrhea.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of a cashmere goat, which comprises the following raw materials in mass;

85kg of green feed, 15kg of corn straw, 4kg of salt, 4kg of hawthorn powder, 1kg of ginger powder, 2kg of baking soda and 0.6kg of microbial additive;

the microbial additive comprises lactobacillus, bacillus and yeast;

the microbial additive contains lactobacillus 5.6 x 10 per g⁷CFU, Bacillus 6.4 x 10⁷CFU and CFU/g, yeast 3.8 x 10⁷CFU/g composition.

The mixed culture feed is prepared by the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials according to parts by weight;

s2, cutting fresh green feed into segments of 3-4cm, and cutting corn stalks into segments of 2-3cm for later use;

s3, mixing the cut green feed and the cut corn straw, adding salt, hawthorn powder, ginger powder and baking soda, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a dry mixed material;

s4, activating, inoculating and fermenting the lactic acid bacteria, centrifuging, and mixing the bacteria and sterile normal saline according to the mass ratio of 1:50 to prepare a lactic acid bacteria agent;

and preparing a bacillus agent and a saccharomycete agent in the same way, and then respectively spraying the three agents on the mixed dry materials to be continuously and uniformly stirred to obtain the mixed aquaculture feed.

Raising principle:

(1) timing, quantifying, and fixing:

the sheep are fed on time, so that the condition reflection is formed for the sheep, the digestion and the absorption are facilitated, and the feeding personnel are relatively fixed;

(2) the forage and the drinking water need to be clean, the forage needs to be fresh, the forage can not carry water, and the warm water is drunk in winter;

(3) keeping the sheep pen clean and dry, keeping warm in winter and cool in summer, and periodically cleaning excrement;

(4) keep the sheep farm in normal sanitation and disinfection;

(5) the sheep can move properly at regular time, and the body hygiene of the sheep is kept.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of a cashmere goat, which is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that:

the material consists of the following raw materials by mass;

80kg of green feed, 10kg of corn straw, 3kg of salt, 3kg of hawthorn powder, 0.5kg of ginger powder, 1kg of baking soda and 0.5kg of microbial additive;

the microbial additive comprises lactobacillus, bacillus and yeast;

the microbial additive contains lactobacillus 5.5 x 10 per g⁷CFU, Bacillus 6.3 x 10⁷CFU and CFU/g, yeast 3.7 x 10⁷CFU/g composition.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a mixed culture feed for improving the immunity of a cashmere goat, which is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that:

the material consists of the following raw materials by mass;

90kg of green feed, 20kg of corn straw, 5kg of salt, 5kg of hawthorn powder, 1.5kg of ginger powder, 3kg of baking soda and 0.7kg of microbial additive;

the microbial additive comprises lactobacillus, bacillus and yeast;

the microorganism additive contains lactobacillus 5 per g.7ⅹ10⁷CFU, Bacillus 6.5 x 10⁷CFU and CFU/g, yeast 3.9 x 10⁷CFU/g composition.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 provides a goat breeding feed, which is different from example 1 in that:

the goat breeding feed consists of the following raw materials in mass;

85kg of green feed, 15kg of corn straw and 4kg of salt.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 provides a goat breeding feed, which is different from example 1 in that:

the goat breeding feed consists of the following raw materials in mass;

85kg of green feed, 15kg of corn straw, 4kg of salt and 4kg of hawthorn powder.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 provides a goat breeding feed, which is different from example 1 in that:

the goat breeding feed consists of the following raw materials in mass;

85kg of green feed, 15kg of corn straw, 4kg of salt and 1kg of ginger powder.

Comparative example 4

Comparative example 4 provides a goat breeding feed, which is different from example 1 in that:

the goat breeding feed consists of the following raw materials in mass;

85kg of green feed, 15kg of corn straw, 4kg of salt and 2kg of baking soda.

Comparative example 5

Comparative example 5 provides a goat breeding feed, which is different from example 1 in that:

the goat breeding feed consists of the following raw materials in mass;

85kg of green feed, 15kg of corn straw, 4kg of salt and 0.6kg of microbial additive.

Selecting 40 lambs of Shaanxi white cashmere goats weighing 25-30kg (male-female ratio is 1:1), randomly selecting five rams and female lambs from the lambs, taking 10 lambs as a control group (ck), averagely dividing the rest of the lambs into three test groups (each test group consists of five rams and five female lambs) according to the male-female ratio of 1:1, numbering 1, 2 and 3, feeding the three test groups by using the mixed breeding feed prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention and a corresponding feeding principle, feeding the control group (942 ck) by using a commercial NY cashmere multi-American-4% composite premixed feed (consisting of corns, wheat bran, bean pulp, baking soda and premix) of the goats, and counting the prevention capacity of the goats of the goat control group and the 3 test groups of goats on cold and diarrhea;

the judgment standard of the cashmere goat cold is as follows: symptoms of lassitude, drooping head and ears, decreased appetite and rumination, dry and hard stools, mucosal congestion, aversion to light, watery eyes, watery nasal discharge, possibly increased number of breaths or pulses, coughing or nasal spouting, and whether watery nasal discharge occurs in the early morning.

The judgment standard of the goat diarrhea is as follows: the discharged matter is pasty and watery.

TABLE 1 prevention of disease in cashmere goats by the mixed feed regimen prepared in example 1

Group of	Number of cold-producing goats	Rate of cold prevention	Number of goats presenting with diarrhea	Prevention rate of diarrhea	Average down production/
						CK	4 are	60％	5 are	50％	556.84g
1	0 is	100％	0 is	100％	661.37g
						2	1 is composed of	90％	0 is	100％	682.46g
3	0 is	100％	0 is	100％	690.71g
						Mean value of	0.33 pieces of	96.7％	0 is	100％	678.18g

As can be seen from Table 1, the mixed culture feed prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention can effectively prevent the diarrhea and the cold of the cashmere goats after being fed with the feed, the cold prevention rate of the cashmere goats is up to over 90 percent, which is higher than the cold prevention rate of the feed in the market by 36.7 percent, and the diarrhea of the cashmere goats can be prevented by 100 percent;

it can also be seen from Table 1 that the down producing amount of the down producing goats fed with the feed prepared by the method of the present invention is greatly increased, and the average down producing amount of each down producing goat in the experimental group is at least 121.34g higher than that in the control group.

And selecting 50 Shanxi white cashmere goat lambs (male-female ratio is 1:1) with the weight of 25-30kg, randomly distributing the lambs to five groups (male-female ratio is 1:1), feeding the five groups of cashmere goat lambs with the feeds in the comparative example 1, the comparative example 2, the comparative example 3, the comparative example 4 and the comparative example 5 respectively, feeding according to the feeding mode and conditions in the example 1, and counting and calculating the cold prevention rate, the diarrhea prevention rate, the body weight change after slaughter, the feed intake amount and the like.

TABLE 2 Effect of different feeds on cashmere goats

Grouping	Rate of cold prevention	Prevention rate of diarrhea	Average daily food intake	Average daily gain
					Example 1	96.7％	100％	0.53kg	153g
Comparative example 1	62％	66％	0.46kg	87g
					Comparative example 2	65％	61％	0.76kg	211g
Comparative example 3	66％	68％	0.61kg	111g
					Comparative example 4	58％	60％	0.75kg	224g
Comparative example 5	64％	52％	0.71kg	179g

As can be seen from Table 2, the hawthorn powder added into the feed independently has the main effects of promoting digestion and increasing appetite, thereby being beneficial to weight gain; when the ginger powder is added independently, the indexes of the cashmere goat are not obviously influenced; when the baking soda is independently added into the feed, the feed intake of the goats is promoted, and the daily gain is increased; when the microbial additive is added into the feed independently, the functions of promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis, balancing intestinal ecological balance, promoting appetite and increasing food intake so as to increase weight can be achieved; in the application, the hawthorn powder, the ginger powder, the baking soda and the microbial additive are used as feed additives together, so that the weight of the cashmere goats can be increased, the immunity can be effectively improved, the cold can be prevented, and the cashmere goat can be prevented from being diluted.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.