阅读说明：本技术 一种无抗生素的肉牛柱花草青贮饲料及其制备方法与应用 (Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 赵鑫 姜文 罗作明 吴有林 于 2021-02-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种无抗生素的肉牛柱花草青贮饲料及其制备方法与应用,柱花草青贮饲料包括以下组分及重量份含量：柱花草940-970份、稻壳粉9-20份、玉米皮10-20份、益生菌1-2份、中草药6-10份及灰绿藜提取物5-10份；中草药包括黄芩、辣蓼及杠板归,并且黄芩、辣蓼与杠板归的质量比为(5-10):(2-8):(4-10)；柱花草青贮饲料还包括蛋白降解抑制剂,该蛋白降解抑制剂的质量为柱花草质量的0.3％-1.2％。与现有技术相比,本发明以柱花草为主要原料,辅以少量的稻壳粉、玉米皮、益生菌、中草药及灰绿藜提取物,通过在饲料中加入黄芩、辣蓼、杠板归、灰绿藜提取物等组分,不仅能提高肉牛的生产性能、免疫力和抗氧化能力,还能提高饲料的营养价值和适口性,并可提高柱花草资源的利用率。(The invention relates to antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the grass silage comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940-shaped pillowflower grass, 970 parts of rice hull powder, 9-20 parts of corn bran, 10-20 parts of probiotics, 6-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5-10 parts of chenopodium glaucum linn extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is (5-10) to (2-8) to (4-10); the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3-1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis. Compared with the prior art, the feed takes the stylosanthes guianensis as a main raw material, is supplemented with a small amount of rice hull powder, corn bran, probiotics, Chinese herbal medicines and chenopodium glaucum linn extract, and by adding the components such as the scutellaria baicalensis, the polygonum hydropiper, the polygonum perfoliatum, the chenopodium glaucum linn extract and the chenopodium glaucum linn extract into the feed, the production performance, the immunity and the oxidation resistance of beef cattle can be improved, the nutritional value and the palatability of the feed can be improved, and the utilization rate of the stylosan.)

1. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 940-shaped pillowflower grass, 970 parts of rice hull powder, 9-20 parts of corn bran, 10-20 parts of probiotics, 6-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5-10 parts of chenopodium glaucum linn extract;

the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is (5-10) to (2-8) to (4-10);

the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3-1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.

2. The antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of stylosanthes guianensis is 50-60 wt%.

3. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle according to claim 1, wherein the probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and yeast, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the yeast is (1.8-2.2): (1.8-2.2): (0.8-1.2): 1.

4. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle according to claim 3, wherein the viable bacteria content of the lactic acid bacteria and the Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 x 10⁹CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the microzyme and the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g。

5. The antibiotic-free grass silage of stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or calcium propionate.

6. The antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 5, wherein if the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3% -0.5% of the mass of the stylosanthes guianensis; if the protein degradation inhibitor is calcium propionate, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.8-1.2% of the mass of the stylosanthes guianensis.

7. According toThe antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rice hull powder contains less than 9 wt% of water, less than 16 wt% of coarse ash, less than 2.0mg/kg of arsenic, less than 10.0mg/kg of lead, less than 1.0mg/kg of cadmium, less than 1 x 10 of total moulds⁴CFU/g。

8. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beefsteak flowers, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn husks contain less than or equal to 10.0 wt% of water, less than or equal to 7.5 wt% of crude protein, less than or equal to 2.0 wt% of crude ash, less than or equal to 16.0 wt% of crude fiber, less than or equal to 50 μ g/kg of aflatoxin B1, less than or equal to 300 μ g/kg of zearalenone, less than or equal to 1000 μ g/kg of vomitoxin, and less than or equal to 60mg/kg of fumonisin.

9. A method of preparing antibiotic-free stylosanthes guianensis silage of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the stylosanthes guianensis silage is prepared by an automatic wrapping silage process.

10. Beef cattle feed based on antibiotic-free beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the beef cattle feed comprises the stylosanthes guianensis silage and a beef cattle base feed, and the stylosanthes guianensis silage accounts for 25-35% of the total mass of the beef cattle feed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of beef cattle feed, and relates to antibiotic-free beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

In the past, the breeding industry relies on antibiotics to promote the growth of livestock and poultry and treat diseases, so that drug-resistant strains are generated, and the residue of antibiotics in livestock products also threatens the health of human beings to a certain extent. With the continuous development of the trend of prohibiting resistance at the feed end, researchers become the center of gravity of work for research on alternative resistance products, and research on various non-resistant feeds becomes a research hotspot.

Stylosanthes guianensis is mainly distributed in tropical zone and subtropical zone in China, and is a leguminous forage. The stylosanthes guianensis has high dry matter and crude protein content, is mainly applied to the breeding production of ruminants, and particularly can relieve the problem of forage grass shortage in winter and spring. However, during the process of ensiling, the nutrient substances of the stylosanthes guianensis are decomposed into non-protein nitrogen such as free amino acid, ammonia nitrogen, amine and the like by protease and microbial enzyme, which is not beneficial to the feeding of ruminants and reduces the nutritional value of the pasture.

Therefore, the research and development of the stylosanthes guianensis silage which has no resistance, high nutritional value and can improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis of beef cattle and a preparation method and application thereof, and the feed value of the stylosanthes guianensis is improved.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940-shaped pillowflower grass, 970 parts of rice hull powder, 9-20 parts of corn bran, 10-20 parts of probiotics, 6-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5-10 parts of chenopodium glaucum linn extract;

the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is (5-10) to (2-8) to (4-10);

the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3-1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.

Further, the water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 50-60 wt%. And (3) cutting the stylosanthes guianensis in the bud pregnancy period, airing until the water content is 50-60%, and not polluting pesticide, weeds, soil, impurities and rotten stems and leaves. 298.50g/kg FW dry matter, 13.88g/kg DM crude protein, 555.23g/kg DM neutral detergent fiber, 456.20g/kg DM acid detergent fiber, 198.20g/kg TN non-protein nitrogen, 1.95g/kg TN ammonia nitrogen, 50.73g/kg TN free amino acid, and 134.97g/kg TN peptide nitrogen.

Furthermore, the probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and yeast, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the yeast is (1.8-2.2): (0.8-1.2): 1.

Furthermore, the viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus and the aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 4 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the microzyme and the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g。

Preferably, the probiotics are commercially available probiotics produced by Shandong Baoli biological engineering Co., Ltd, and have no toxicity and corrosive substances.

Further, the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or calcium propionate.

Further, if the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3% -0.5% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis; if the protein degradation inhibitor is calcium propionate, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.8-1.2% of the mass of the stylosanthes guianensis.

Furthermore, in the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the moulds is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10⁴CFU/g. The rice hull powder is light yellow powder, has consistent color, has little rice hull smell, no other unpleasant smell, no mildew, fumigating smell, no medicinal smell, no fermentation, no mildew, no live insect, and fineness of 20 mesh sieve.

Furthermore, in the corn bran, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg. The corn bran is fluffy light yellow powder sheet-shaped material, has natural flavor of grains, and has no rancidity, mildew and other peculiar smell.

The preparation method of the antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle is characterized in that the grass silage is prepared by adopting an automatic wrapping silage process.

The beef cattle feed is based on the antibiotic-free beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage, the beef cattle feed comprises the beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage and a beef cattle basic feed, and the beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage accounts for 25-35% of the total mass of the beef cattle feed.

According to the invention, the Chinese herbal medicines can effectively improve the disease resistance of animals, improve the immunity and oxidation resistance of animal organisms, improve the digestion and absorption capacity of the animals on nutrient substances in the feed, and further improve the production performance of the animals. Wherein, the baicalein has stronger functions of resisting microorganism, inflammation, oxidation and tumor, protecting cardiovascular system and the like, and has obvious inhibiting effect on escherichia coli, fusarium oxysporum, candida albicans and the like. Perfoliate knotweed, also known as snake retrograde, red plowshare and red knotweed, has slightly cold nature and sour taste, enters lung and bladder channels, has pharmacological effects of resisting inflammation, resisting virus, relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, protecting liver, resisting tumor, resisting oxidation, inhibiting alpha-glucosidase activity, inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and the like, and is commonly used for treating diarrhea, furuncle, swelling and pain, snake and insect bite and other symptoms. Herba Polygoni Hydropiperis is an annual herb plant of Polygonum of Polygonaceae, has pungent and warm taste, and has effects of dispelling pathogenic wind, promoting diuresis, removing blood stasis, relieving pain, removing toxic substance, and relieving swelling, and main ingredients of herba Polygoni Hydropiperis include flavone, volatile oil, tannin, fatty acid, triterpene, glucoside, and polygamic acid. The flavonoid compounds are important plant secondary metabolites, commonly exist in roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of natural plants, and have pharmacological actions of bacteriostasis, oxidation resistance, tumor resistance, cardiovascular disease resistance, inflammation resistance and the like.

The Chenopodium glaucum extract has effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, removing toxic substance, and relieving swelling, and is suitable for preventing and treating livestock fever, cough, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hernia, and vitiligo. After the animals are fed, the anti-stress capability of the body can be improved, the antibacterial capability and immunity of young animals can be improved, the synthesis of protein can be regulated, and the antioxidant function can be improved.

The invention uses 4 substances of scutellaria baicalensis, gladiolus, polygonum perfoliatum and chenopodium glaucum extracts, has synergistic action in the aspects of anti-inflammation, antioxidation and antibiosis, the pharmacological action of the Chinese herbal medicines and the biological activity action of the plant extracts enhance the antibacterial, anti-inflammation and antioxidation performances of the 4 substances, and the compatible use effect of the 4 substances is better than the single use effect. The Chinese herbal medicines have the main functions of improving the disease resistance of animal bodies, the strength of the disease resistance is directly related to the antibacterial ability of animals, the disease resistance of the animals is improved, the quality of the animal bodies is enhanced, the digestion and absorption capacity of the animals on nutrient substances in the feed is further improved, and the growth of the animals is promoted; the Chenopodium glaucum extract has the functions of enhancing the immunity of animals and regulating protein synthesis, is used together with Chinese herbal medicines with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant functions, such as scutellaria baicalensis, glanglao, polygonum perfoliatum and the like, further improves the immunity and the antioxidant stress capability of the animals, improves the weight of the animals through regulating protein synthesis, and promotes the rapid growth of the animals.

The invention adopts the mode of adding Chinese herbal medicines and plant extracts in the feed formula, achieves the effect of enhancing the physique of beef cattle, and avoids using antibiotics. According to the invention, the scutellaria baicalensis, the polygonum hydropiper and the polygonum perfoliatum are combined according to a certain proportion, so that the physique of beef cattle can be improved, the palatability and the conversion rate of the feed can be improved, and the feeding value of the stylosanthes guianensis is improved. The stylosanthes guianensis is rich in vitamins, trace elements and cellulose, and can inhibit the degradation of stylosanthes guianensis silage protein after being added with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid or calcium propionate, so that the silage fermentation quality and the nutritional value are improved. The rice hull powder and corn bran can supplement carbohydrate and protein, and regulate the nutrition and palatability of the silage. The probiotics can regulate the flora structure in the intestinal tract and the rumen of the beef cattle, improve the health of the intestinal tract and the rumen and further improve the apparent digestibility of nutrient substances. Therefore, the stylosanthes guianensis silage can promote gastrointestinal tract health of beef cattle, improve immunity, improve oxidation resistance, enhance anti-stress capability, improve production performance, replace the effect of antibiotics in the feed, and provide a solution for antibiotic-free breeding.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:

1) according to the invention, the Stylosanthes guianensis is taken as a main raw material, a small amount of rice hull powder, corn bran, probiotics, Chinese herbal medicines and Chenopodium glaucum L.extract are added into the feed, and the components such as the Scutellaria baicalensis, the polygonum hydropiper, the polygonum perfoliatum, the Chenopodium album, the Chenopodium glaucum L.extract and the like are added into the feed, so that the production performance, the immunity and the oxidation resistance of beef cattle can be improved, the nutritional value and the palatability of the feed can be improved.

2) The stylosanthes guianensis silage is prepared by adopting an automatic wrapping silage process, can avoid the defects of some traditional silage preparation methods, and has the advantages of simple and quick preparation process, flexible silage time, adjustable silage quantity, convenience in transportation, convenience in feeding, labor saving and the like.

3) The invention can improve the resource utilization of the stylosanthes guianensis and develop unconventional feed resources.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

In the following embodiment, the stylosanthes guianensis silage is prepared by adopting an automatic wrapping silage process, and comprises the following specific steps:

s1, pretreatment of raw materials:

s1a, pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis: if the stylosanthes guianensis has the water content of 50-60 wt%, directly weighing and stacking the stylosanthes guianensis, wherein the weight of the stacks depends on the container and the mixing weight of the stirrer; if the water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is higher than 60 wt%, airing or baking is needed to reduce the water content in the stylosanthes guianensis to reduce the water content to 50-60 wt%, and then weighing and stacking the stylosanthes guianensis and the stylosanthes guianensis for later use;

s1b, pretreatment of rice hull powder: weighing and stacking the rice hull powder for later use;

s1c, pretreatment of probiotics: storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use;

s1d, pretreatment of corn husks: storing in a shady and dry place for later use;

s1e, pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicines: selecting fresh raw materials with water content of 55-60 wt% from Scutellariae radix, fresh or baicalin from Scutellariae radix, cutting into small segments of 1.5-2cm, and mixing with rice hull powder;

s2, diluting probiotics: dividing the corn bran weighed in the step S1d into 5 parts with unequal weight according to multistage mixing requirements, then sequentially mixing the probiotics weighed in the step S1c and the 5 parts of corn bran with unequal weight according to a sequence from less to more so as to fully mix the probiotics and the corn bran, and finally weighing and stacking the uniformly mixed probiotics and corn bran according to the weight of each pile of stylosanthes guianensis for later use;

s3, cutting stylosanthes guianensis: sending each pile of long-strip type stylosanthes guianensis into a silk kneading machine for cutting, wherein the length is 1-3 cm;

s4, chemical treatment of stylosanthes guianensis: uniformly mixing the cut stylosanthes guianensis with 0.3-0.5 wt% of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or 0.8-1.2 wt% of calcium propionate for later use;

s5, stirring and mixing: feeding the mixture of the chemically treated stylosanthes guianensis, the rice hull powder weighed in the step S1 and the Chinese herbal medicines, the uniformly mixed probiotics, the corn husks and the chenopodium glaucum extracts into a stirrer for stirring and mixing for 10-15min to obtain a mixture;

s6, bundling: bundling the mixture by using an ensiling bundling machine, sending the mixture into the bundling machine for bundling, and when an alarm of the bundling machine rings, automatically feeding a net rope for 3s by the ensiling bundling machine for bundling to obtain ensiling round bundles;

s7, enveloping: coating the bundled ensiling round bundles by using an ensiling coating machine; determining the number of layers of the film according to the use time of silage, wherein the number of the coating layers is preferably 3-5, automatically operating a machine in the initial process of coating, automatically completing the coating process by a coating machine during the coating period to obtain a silage bag of a finished stylosanthes guianensis silage product, and storing the prepared stylosanthes guianensis silage for 1-2 years under the condition of no bag breaking;

s8, transporting and stacking the silage bags: during transportation, sharp objects are prevented from puncturing the silage envelopes to destroy anaerobic fermentation, and if the envelopes are damaged, transparent adhesive tapes are used for sealing in time. The silage bags can be stacked near a farm, preferably 1-2 silage bags are stacked, and the silage bags are not suitable for being stacked too high; can be used after ensiling for 1.5-2 months.

Example 1:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 5:8: 4; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor calcium propionate, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.

The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 50 wt%.

The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 2.2:1.8:1.2: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 10⁹CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g。

In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, coarse ashLess than or equal to 16 wt%, arsenic less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, lead less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, cadmium less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and total number of moulds less than or equal to 1 × 10⁴CFU/g。

In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.

Example 2:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: the feed comprises 970 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 9 parts of rice hull powder, 20 parts of corn bran, 1 part of probiotics, 10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 10:2: 10; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, namely ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, wherein the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.

The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 60 wt%.

The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 1.8:2.2:0.8: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 10⁹CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g。

In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the mycete is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10⁴CFU/g。

In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.

Example 3:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 950 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 12 parts of rice hull powder, 15 parts of corn bran, 1.5 parts of probiotics, 8 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 7 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 7:5: 6; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, namely ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, wherein the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.5% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.

The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 55 wt%.

The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 2:2:1: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 10⁹CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g。

In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the mycete is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10⁴CFU/g。

In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.

Example 4:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 960 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 18 parts of rice hull powder, 18 parts of corn bran, 1.8 parts of probiotics, 9 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 8 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 8:4: 7; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor calcium propionate, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.8% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.

The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 57 wt%.

The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 2:2:1: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 10⁹CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10⁹CFU/g。

In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the mycete is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10⁴CFU/g。

In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.

Comparative example 1:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract. The rest is the same as example 1.

Comparative example 2:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 12 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract. The rest is the same as example 1.

Comparative example 3:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics and 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines. The rest is the same as example 1.

Comparative example 4:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 8: 4. The rest is the same as example 1.

Comparative example 5:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum perfoliatum is 5: 4. The rest is the same as example 1.

Comparative example 6:

an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis and polygonum hydropiper, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper is 5: 8. The rest is the same as example 1.

Beef cattle raising tests were performed on the stylosanthes guianensis silage prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6 and the conventional silage corn stalk feed, 110 beef cattle weighing (180.00 + -15.00) kg were selected, after conventional anthelmintic raising, the beef cattle were divided into 11 groups, each group was divided into 10 groups, and the beef cattle were raised for 30 days. In the feeding process, beef cattle fed by a control group are mixed with commercial feed and silage corn straw feed, beef cattle fed by an example group and a comparative example group are mixed with columella herbacea silage prepared by the above examples or comparative examples, and the columella herbacea silage or the conventional silage corn straw feed accounts for 30% of the total mass of the beef cattle feed. After 30 days of feeding, the growth performance, immunity and oxidation resistance indexes of the beef cattle are detected, and the results are as follows:

TABLE 1 influence of Stylosanthes guianensis silage on beef cattle growth performance

As can be seen from Table 1, the growth performance indexes of the beef cattle of the example group are better than those of the comparative example group and the control group.

Compared with the example 1, the feed intake of the comparative example 1 without the Chinese herbal medicine components is reduced, which shows that the palatability of the stylosanthes guianensis silage can be improved and the feed intake of beef cattle can be increased by adding the Chinese herbal medicine components; the weight ratio of beef cattle fed by the feed prepared in example 1 is low, which shows that the Chinese herbal medicine added in the invention can not only improve the palatability of the silage, but also improve the feed conversion effect.

As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 2 and example 1, the proportion of the Chinese herbal medicines out of the range can greatly reduce the feed intake, which indicates that the palatability is poor, and the material-weight ratio is increased, which indicates that the transformation effect is worse.

As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 3 with example 1, the weight of the beef cattle test powder is reduced, and the material weight ratio is increased, which shows that the chenopodium glaucum plant extract can improve the feed conversion effect.

As can be seen from comparison of comparative examples 4-6 with example 1, the lack of any one of the 3 traditional Chinese medicines can cause the palatability of the feed to be reduced and the material-weight ratio to be increased.

TABLE 2 influence of Stylosanthes guianensis silage on beef cattle immunity

As can be seen from Table 2, the immunity indexes of the beef cattle in the example group are better than those of the beef cattle in the comparative example group and the beef cattle in the control group.

Wherein, compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 without adding the Chinese herbal medicine components has the reduced content of the immunoglobulin G, M, A, which shows that the immunity of beef cattle can be improved by adding the Chinese herbal medicine components.

As can be seen from the comparison between the comparative example 2 and the example 1, the ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines out of the range can reduce the content of the immunoglobulin, which indicates that the Chinese herbal medicines are in the reasonable range.

As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 3 with example 1, the immunoglobulin content of beef cattle is reduced, indicating that the Chenopodium glaucum plant extract can improve the immunity of beef cattle.

As shown by comparing comparative examples 4-6 with example 1, the immunity of beef cattle is reduced if any one of the 3 traditional Chinese medicines is lacked.

TABLE 3 influence of Stylosanthes guianensis silage on beef cattle blood antioxidant function

As can be seen from Table 3, the beef cattle of the example group all showed better antioxidant properties than the control group and the comparative group.

Wherein, compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 without adding the Chinese herbal medicine components has the advantages that the content of malondialdehyde is increased, and the total antioxidant capacity, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase are reduced, which shows that the antioxidant capacity of the beef cattle blood can be improved by adding the Chinese herbal medicine components.

As can be seen from comparison between comparative example 2 and example 1, the Chinese herbal medicine ratio exceeding the range can reduce the oxidation resistance of beef cattle blood, which indicates that the Chinese herbal medicine is in a reasonable compatibility range.

As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 3 with example 1, the antioxidant capacity of each of the beef cattle is weakened, indicating that the Chenopodium glaucum plant extract can improve the antioxidant capacity of the beef cattle.

As shown by comparing comparative examples 4-6 with example 1, the lack of any one of the 3 traditional Chinese medicines can cause the oxidation resistance of beef cattle to be reduced.

The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.