阅读说明：本技术 一种基于甘油三酯组成的猪乳替代脂组合物 (Pig milk fat-replacing composition based on triglyceride ) 是由 金青哲 任翠荣 金俊 王兴国 于 2021-02-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于甘油三酯组成的猪乳替代脂组合物,由包含猪乳中甘油三酯组成的多种基料油调配而成,所述猪乳替代脂组合物的甘油三酯组成与猪乳的甘油三酯组成相似性得分高于70分。本发明以天然油脂为原料,根据我国猪乳的甘油三酯组成方面的特点,采用油脂混合模型优化油脂添加比例,得到在甘油三酯组成上同猪乳的甘油三酯组成有较高相似度的猪乳替代脂组合物。(The invention discloses a pig milk substitute fat composition based on triglyceride composition, which is prepared by blending a plurality of base oil comprising triglyceride in pig milk, wherein the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the pig milk substitute fat composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is higher than 70. According to the invention, natural oil is used as a raw material, and the fat addition proportion is optimized by adopting an oil mixing model according to the characteristics of the triglyceride composition of pig milk in China, so that the pig milk substitute fat composition with higher similarity in triglyceride composition to the triglyceride composition of pig milk is obtained.)

1. A pig milk fat-replacement composition based on a triglyceride composition, characterized in that: the fat-substitute composition is prepared by blending a plurality of base oil comprising triglyceride in the pig milk, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is higher than 70 points;

the base oil adopts the following grease mixing model:

wherein D is_jminIs the lower limit content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition in the pig milk; d_jmaxIs the upper limit content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition in the pig milk; x_iThe content of the ith base oil in the composition is percent; y is_ijThe matrix represents the content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition of the ith base oil.

2. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 1, wherein: the triglyceride composition in the pig milk comprises beta-OPL, beta-LPL, OLL, beta-OPO, OOL and LLL.

3. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 2, wherein: in the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition, the content of beta-OPL is 11-14%, the content of beta-LPL is 8-11%, the content of OLL is 5-8%, the content of beta-OPO is 6-8%, the content of OOL is 4-7%, and the content of LLL is 3-6%.

4. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the base oil comprises beta-UPU type grease, palm oil and linoleic acid type grease; the grease comprises, by mass, 20-50% of beta-UPU type grease, 35-55% of palm oil and 10-35% of linoleic acid type grease.

5. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 4, wherein: the beta-UPU type grease is grease with beta-OPL content more than 10% and beta-OPO content more than 5%.

6. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 5, wherein: the beta-UPU type grease comprises one or more of tilapia oil, basha fish oil, pomfret oil and black fish oil.

7. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 5 or 6, wherein: the linoleic acid type grease is grease with LLL content of more than 10%, OOL content of more than 5% and OLL content of more than 15%.

8. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 7, wherein: the linoleic acid type oil comprises one or more of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and corn oil.

9. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 8, wherein: the feed is prepared by blending tilapia mossambica oil, basha fish oil, palm oil and corn oil which are used as base oil, and comprises 40-45% of tilapia mossambica oil, 0-5% of basha fish oil, 40-45% of palm oil and 10-15% of corn oil in percentage by mass;

the similarity score between the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is higher than 90 points.

10. The triglyceride composition-based porcine milk replacer fat composition of claim 9, wherein: the feed is prepared by blending base oil including 41.20% of tilapia mossambica oil, 3.81% of Bassa oil, 40.59% of palm oil and 14.40% of corn oil by mass;

the similarity score between the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is 91.11 points.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal nutrition and feed science, and particularly relates to a pig milk fat-replacing composition based on triglyceride.

Background

Porcine milk (including colostrum and milk replacer) is a complex biological fluid that contains proteins, fats, vitamins, oligosaccharides, lactose and other bioactive compounds. Newborn piglets must acquire maternal immunity from ingested colostrum and colostrum to provide passive immune protection until the piglet's immune system is fully developed. In the case of colostrum, it is very digestible and provides nutrition and immunity to the piglets, and is important for the survival of the piglets. The constant milk ingredients can also reflect the nutritional needs of piglets. Generally, the growth of piglets depends completely on the pig milk, which is the most ideal food for the piglets, and the insufficient intake of the pig milk is the direct reason for the low survival rate and the low slaughter weight of the piglets. Therefore, the feeding of the milk powder for the piglets becomes an important measure for solving the problem of insufficient milk intake of the piglets.

In the pig milk, the fat content is only 5-8%, but can provide about 50% of energy required by newborn piglets. The fat in the pig milk is one of the most complex lipids in natural fat, and exists in the form of fat globules, the periphery of the pig milk is a fat globule membrane consisting of phospholipids, glycoproteins, lactase and the like, the inner core is mainly triglyceride, and the triglyceride accounts for about 98 percent of the total fat globules by mass. The fatty acid in the triglyceride molecules of the pig milk has various types and unique position distribution, and is directly related to the nutrition absorption and the improvement of an immune system of the piglets.

Animals may differ significantly in digestibility of two triglycerides of the same fatty acid composition but distributed differently in their location. Research shows that in general animal and vegetable fat, palmitic acid is mainly distributed on the sn-1 and sn-3 positions of triglyceride, while in the fat of pig milk, palmitic acid is mainly distributed on the sn-2 position of triglyceride and shows the structure of sn-1, 3-di-unsaturated fatty acid-2-palmitic acid triglyceride (beta-UPU), and the distribution enables the pig milk to have higher fat/calcium absorption efficiency and lower manure hardness. For example, sn-1, 3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl triglyceride (β -OPO) is easily digested and absorbed by piglets, while sn-1-palmitoyl-2, 3-dioleoyl triglyceride (β -POO) is easily caused by constipation. Therefore, whether the triglyceride composition of the pig milk can be simulated or not becomes one of the key factors for determining the high and low nutritional value of the piglet milk powder formula.

In order to solve the piglet breeding embarrassment caused by insufficient milk of sows, the formulated milk powder for piglets is developed in European and American countries and China at present, but the formulated milk powder for piglets in the market only pays attention to whether the energy value is enough or not, and the digestion and absorption difference possibly caused by the position distribution of fatty acid is not considered from the level of triglyceride. In addition, in consideration of the difference of feed, pig species and breeding environment, the milk powder fat for piglets developed in some European and American countries is not suitable for feeding piglets in China. Therefore, the triglyceride composition of the pig milk in China is systematically analyzed, and then an oil formula which is highly similar to the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is developed and used for manufacturing the milk powder for piglets, so that the deficiency of the pig milk is made up, and the method has positive significance for improving the survival rate and the weaning weight of the piglets in China.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above and/or other problems occurring in the prior art.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a porcine milk fat-replacement composition based on a triglyceride composition having a higher similarity to the triglyceride composition of porcine milk.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a pig milk substitute fat composition based on triglyceride composition is prepared by blending a plurality of base oil comprising triglyceride in pig milk, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the pig milk substitute fat composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is higher than 70 points;

the base oil adopts the following grease mixing model:

wherein Djmin is the lower limit content,%, of the jth triglyceride in the pig milk; djmax is the upper limit content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition in the pig milk; xi is the content of the ith base oil in the composition,%; YIj is a matrix representing the content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition of the ith base oil.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the triglyceride composition in the pig milk comprises beta-OPL, beta-LPL, OLL, beta-OPO, OOL and LLL.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: in the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition, the content of beta-OPL is 11-14%, the content of beta-LPL is 8-11%, the content of OLL is 5-8%, the content of beta-OPO is 6-8%, the content of OOL is 4-7%, and the content of LLL is 3-6%.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the base oil comprises beta-UPU type grease, palm oil and linoleic acid type grease; the grease comprises, by mass, 20-50% of beta-UPU type grease, 35-55% of palm oil and 10-35% of linoleic acid type grease.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the beta-UPU type grease is grease with beta-OPL content more than 10% and beta-OPO content more than 5%.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the beta-UPU type grease comprises one or more of tilapia oil, basha fish oil, pomfret oil and black fish oil.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the linoleic acid type grease is grease with LLL content of more than 10%, OOL content of more than 5% and OLL content of more than 15%.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the linoleic acid type oil comprises one or more of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and corn oil.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the feed is prepared by blending tilapia mossambica oil, basha fish oil, palm oil and corn oil which are used as base oil, and comprises 40-45% of tilapia mossambica oil, 0-5% of basha fish oil, 40-45% of palm oil and 10-15% of corn oil in percentage by mass;

the similarity score between the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is higher than 90 points.

As a preferred embodiment of the triglyceride composition-based pig milk alternative fat composition of the present invention, wherein: the feed is prepared by blending base oil including 41.20% of tilapia mossambica oil, 3.81% of Bassa oil, 40.59% of palm oil and 14.40% of corn oil by mass;

the similarity score between the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition and the triglyceride composition of the pig milk is 91.11 points.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, natural oil is used as a raw material, and an oil adding proportion is optimized by adopting an oil mixing model according to the characteristics of the triglyceride composition of the pig milk in China, so that the pig milk substitute fat composition with higher similarity to the triglyceride composition of the pig milk in the triglyceride composition is obtained, and further, the formula milk powder with the triglyceride composition closer to the pig milk level in China and suitable for the growth of piglets in China is produced, and the formula milk powder has important significance for improving the survival rate and the weaning weight of the piglets in China.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments thereof are described in detail below with reference to examples of the specification.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

The system analyzes the main triglyceride composition of the pig milk of different sows in different areas, different lactation periods and different varieties in China, and milk samples are collected from the pig milk of 231 sows in Wuxi city, Nanyang city, Tianjin city and Miyang city; the sow breeds comprise Taihu pigs, Changbai pigs, big white pigs, Duroc and Petland; the collected pig milk comprises milk samples collected at 0, 1,3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after delivery of the sow, 3 tubes of milk samples are collected, 2mL of milk samples are collected, and the milk samples are frozen and stored at the temperature of-20 ℃. The test uses ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-ToF-MS) to determine the triglyceride composition in milk samples, and the range of measured values is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 major triglyceride composition of porcine milk fat

Injecting P-palmitic acid; o-oleic acid; l-linoleic acid.

The triglyceride composition of common natural oils and fats is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 triglyceride composition of common Natural fats & oils

Injecting: "-" indicates no detection.

Natural grease with similar fatty acid composition characteristics with pig milk is selected as base oil, and because the pig milk has high content of beta-LPL, beta-OPL and beta-OPO, the beta-UPU type grease rich in beta-LPL, beta-OPL and beta-OPO and the linoleic acid type grease rich in LLL, OLL and OOL are selected as base oil.

Based on the triglyceride composition of the pig milk in table 1, natural oil with similar triglyceride composition characteristics is selected as base oil for compounding, and the content of each triglyceride composition in the composition has high similarity at least until the content reaches the lower limit content in the pig milk in principle.

As can be seen from Table 1, the lower limit contents of beta-OPL and beta-OPO in the fat of pig milk, therefore, the beta-UPU type fat is selected from the fats with the beta-OPL content of more than 10% and the beta-OPO content of more than 5%, such as tilapia oil, basaltic fish oil, pomfret oil and black fish oil; other fish oils which are not related but have the beta-OPL content and the beta-OPO content of more than 10 percent and 5 percent respectively are also suitable to be used as base oil of the fat composition replaced by the pig milk;

as can be seen from Table 1, the lower limit contents of LLL, OOL and OLL in the fat of pork milk are defined, and therefore, the fats having an LLL content of more than 10%, an OOL content of more than 5% and an OLL content of more than 15% are selected as the linoleic oils, such as soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and corn oil; other vegetable oils of the linoleic acid type, not mentioned but having LLL, OOL and OLL contents above 10%, 5% and 15%, respectively, are also suitable as base oils for the fat composition instead of the pork-milk.

The pig milk substitute fat composition prepared by the invention is obtained by optimizing the proportion by adopting a fat mixing model on the basis of the chemical composition of pig milk fat, wherein the adopted fat mixing model is as shown in the formula (3) and the formula (4):

wherein D is_jminIs the lower limit content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition in the pig milk; d_jmaxIs the upper limit content,%, of the jth triglyceride composition in the pig milk; x_iThe content of the ith base oil in the composition is percent; y is_ijIs a momentMatrix, content of jth triglyceride composition of ith base oil,%.

According to the data in table 1, the formulation equations corresponding to the main triglyceride composition in the pork milk fat are shown in the formulas (5) to (10):

equation 1: LLL

Equation 2: beta-LPL

Equation 3: OLL

Equation 4: beta-OPL

Equation 5: OOL

Equation 6: beta-OPO

The programming was solved using the Fmincon function in Matlab R2019a software.

The similarity of the porcine milk substitute fat and the porcine milk fat in the aspect of triglyceride composition is evaluated by adopting a deduction principle according to a model established by a Xiaoqiang (Xiaoqiang. model for evaluating porcine milk substitute and an enzyme method preparation [ D ]. Jiannan university, 2013.) and the similarity of the porcine milk substitute fat and the porcine milk fat, wherein the similarity evaluation model is as follows:

wherein G is_TGRepresenting triglyceridesSimilarity evaluation score, full score is 100; n is the number of triglyceride indicators; b_jRepresents the measured value of the jth triglyceride composition of the porcine milk-substituted fat; a is_jRepresents the end value of the jth triglyceride composition of the porcine milk.

Example 1

The method is characterized in that the method for preparing the pork fat substitute fat by using the basha fish oil, the palm oil and the soybean oil as base material oil is based on data in table 2, and the optimal proportion meeting the composition conditions of the pork fat triglyceride is obtained by solving the following formulas (5) to (10): bassa fish oil: palm oil: 23.15 percent of soybean oil, 43.27 percent of soybean oil and 33.58 percent of soybean oil; the triglyceride composition of the resulting product is shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 triglyceride composition of the product obtained in example 1

The similarity evaluation was performed on the obtained product according to the similarity evaluation model, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the swine milk alternative fat composition of example 1 to the triglyceride composition of swine milk was 72.49 points.

Example 2

The method is characterized in that the method for preparing the pork fat substitute fat by using the basha fish oil, the palm oil and the corn oil as base oil, and based on data in table 2, the optimal proportion meeting the composition conditions of the pork fat triglyceride is obtained by solving the following formulas (5) to (10): bassa fish oil: palm oil: 22.58 percent of corn oil, 52.73 percent of corn oil and 24.68 percent of corn oil; the triglyceride composition of the resulting product is shown in table 4.

Table 4 triglyceride composition of the product obtained in example 2

The similarity evaluation was performed on the resulting product according to the similarity evaluation model, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the swine milk alternative fat composition of example 2 to the triglyceride composition of swine milk was 72.45 points.

Example 3

The method is characterized in that tilapia mossambica oil, palm oil and corn oil are used as base oil to prepare the substitute fat of the butterfat of the pig, and based on data in table 2, the optimal proportion meeting the composition conditions of the triglyceride of the butterfat of the pig is obtained by solving the following formulas (5) to (10): tilapia oil, palm oil, corn oil 43.02%, 42.58%, 14.40%; the triglyceride composition of the resulting product is shown in table 5.

TABLE 5 triglyceride composition of the product obtained in example 3

The similarity evaluation was performed on the resulting product according to the similarity evaluation model, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the swine milk alternative fat composition of example 3 to the triglyceride composition of swine milk was 90.98 points.

Example 4

The tilapia mossambica oil, palm oil and soybean oil are used as base stock oil to prepare the cream substitute fat, and based on data in table 2, the optimal proportion meeting the composition conditions of the cream triglyceride is obtained by solving according to the formulas (5) to (10): tilapia oil, palm oil, soybean oil 43.11%, 37.67%, 19.22%; the triglyceride composition of the resulting product is shown in table 6.

TABLE 6 triglyceride composition of the product obtained in example 4

The similarity evaluation was performed on the resulting product according to the similarity evaluation model, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the swine milk alternative fat composition of example 4 to the triglyceride composition of swine milk was 89.90 points.

Example 5

The method is characterized in that tilapia mossambica oil, basha fish oil, palm oil and corn oil are used as base stock oil to prepare the substitute fat of the pig milk fat, and based on data in table 2, the optimal proportion meeting the composition conditions of the triglyceride of the pig milk fat is obtained by solving the following formulas (5) to (10): tilapia oil, Basha fish oil, palm oil, corn oil 41.20%, 3.81%, 40.59%, 14.40%; the triglyceride composition of the resulting product is shown in table 7.

TABLE 7 triglyceride composition of the product obtained in example 5

The similarity evaluation was performed on the obtained product according to the similarity evaluation model, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the swine milk alternative fat composition of example 5 to the triglyceride composition of swine milk was 91.11 points.

Example 6

The method is characterized in that tilapia mossambica oil, basha fish oil, palm oil, corn oil and soybean oil are used as base oil to prepare the pig milk fat substitute fat, and based on data in table 2, the optimal ratio meeting the composition conditions of the pig milk fat triglyceride is obtained by solving the following formulas (5) to (10): tilapia oil: bassa fish oil: palm oil: corn oil: 41.21 percent of soybean oil, 3.85 percent of soybean oil, 39.95 percent of soybean oil, 11.11 percent of soybean oil and 3.89 percent of soybean oil; the triglyceride composition of the resulting product is shown in table 8.

TABLE 8 triglyceride composition of the product obtained in example 6

The obtained product was subjected to similarity evaluation according to the similarity evaluation model, and the similarity score of the triglyceride composition of the swine milk alternative fat composition of example 6 to the triglyceride composition of swine milk was 90.94 points.

Through the embodiment, in the triglyceride composition of the pig milk fat-substitute composition, the content of beta-OPL is 11-14%, the content of beta-LPL is 8-11%, the content of OLL is 5-8%, the content of beta-OPO is 6-8%, the content of OOL is 4-7%, and the content of LLL is 3-6%.

On the basis of analyzing the composition characteristics of triglyceride of the pig milk, the invention selects natural grease with similar fatty acid composition characteristics with the pig milk as base material oil for compounding to obtain the pig milk substitute grease composition, wherein the base material oil comprises fish oil, palm oil and linoleic acid type vegetable oil, and the optimized mixture ratio is 20-50% of beta-UPU type grease, 35-55% of palm oil and 10-35% of linoleic acid type grease by mass fraction.

According to the invention, natural oil is used as a raw material, an oil adding proportion is optimized by adopting an oil mixing model according to the characteristics of the composition of triglyceride of pig milk in China, so that the pig milk substitute fat composition with higher similarity to the composition of triglyceride of pig milk in the composition of triglyceride is obtained, and the similarity scores of the fatty acid composition of the pig milk substitute fat composition and the fatty acid composition of pig milk are all higher than 70.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.