阅读说明：本技术 一种磁场检测系统及方法 (Magnetic field detection system and method ) 是由 林强 苏圣然 张桂迎 李衎 于 2021-02-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种磁场检测系统及方法,用于测量磁场的磁传感器组由多个磁传感器组成,磁传感器包括传感器探头和传感器控制器；传感器探头包括用于采集背景噪声和背景磁场梯度信息的第一磁传感器探头和用于采集被测磁场的多个第二磁传感器探头；本方案通过对背景磁噪声及其梯度的采集,计算出空间中任意位置的共模磁噪声,用于提升测量位置的信号质量,减少测量误差,进一步提高生物磁检测的准确性和灵敏度。(The invention discloses a magnetic field detection system and a method, wherein a magnetic sensor group for measuring a magnetic field consists of a plurality of magnetic sensors, and each magnetic sensor comprises a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises a first magnetic sensor probe for acquiring background noise and background magnetic field gradient information and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes for acquiring a measured magnetic field; according to the scheme, the common-mode magnetic noise at any position in space is calculated by collecting the background magnetic noise and the gradient thereof, so that the signal quality of a measuring position is improved, the measuring error is reduced, and the accuracy and the sensitivity of the biomagnetic detection are further improved.)

1. A magnetic field detection method is characterized by comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors for measuring magnetic fields, wherein each magnetic sensor comprises a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises three first magnetic sensor probes (41) for acquiring background magnetic fields and gradient information thereof and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) for acquiring detected magnetic field signals, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are arranged close to a detected area and distributed in the same detection plane, and the first magnetic sensor probes (41) are arranged far away from the detected area; the three first magnetic sensor probes (41) are respectively a probe A, a probe B and a probe C, the probe A and the probe B are vertically arranged along the Z direction, the probe A and the probe C are longitudinally arranged along the Y direction, the detection plane is an XY plane, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged in a line along the Y direction, and the first magnetic sensor probes (41) and the second magnetic sensor probes (42) are positioned in the same YZ plane; the detection method comprises the following steps:

1) subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe B, and dividing the measured value of the probe A by the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe C, and dividing the measured value of the probe A by the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Y direction;

2) calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe according to the Z projection distance and the Y projection distance of each second magnetic sensor probe (42) from the probe A and the calculated gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction and the Y direction;

3) subtracting the background magnetic field from the measured value obtained by each second magnetic sensor probe to obtain a magnetic field signal of the measured magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe;

4) and (3) synchronously moving the first magnetic sensor probe (41) and the second magnetic sensor probe (42) to traverse each measurement point of the measured area to obtain all measurement data of the measured area.

2. A method for detecting magnetic fields according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises 6 to 12 second magnetic sensor probes (42), the distance between two adjacent second magnetic sensor probes (42) being 30 to 50 mm.

3. A method for detecting magnetic fields according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are arranged with a length covering the Y-dimension of the area to be measured.

4. A magnetic field sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first magnetic sensor probe (41) and the second magnetic sensor probe (42) are moved synchronously in the X-direction.

5. A magnetic field detection method is characterized by comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors for measuring magnetic fields, wherein each magnetic sensor comprises a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises four first magnetic sensor probes (41) for acquiring background magnetic fields and gradient information thereof and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) for acquiring detected magnetic field signals, wherein the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are arranged close to a detected area, and the first magnetic sensor probes (41) are arranged far away from the detected area; the four first magnetic sensor probes (41) are respectively a probe A, a probe B, a probe C and a probe D, the probe A and the probe B are vertically arranged along the Z direction, the probe A and the probe C are arranged front and back along the Y direction, the probe A and the probe D are arranged left and right along the X direction, a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are distributed and arranged in the same detection plane in an array mode, and the detection plane is an XY plane; the detection method comprises the following steps:

1) subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe B to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe C to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Y direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe D to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the x direction;

2) calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe according to the Z projection distance, the X projection distance and the Y projection distance of each second magnetic sensor probe (42) from the probe A and the calculated gradients of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, the X direction and the Y direction;

3) and subtracting the background magnetic field from the measured value obtained by each second magnetic sensor probe to obtain a magnetic field signal of the measured magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe.

6. A method for detecting magnetic fields according to claim 5 wherein the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged in an array covering the entire area to be detected.

7. A method for detecting magnetic fields according to claim 5, characterized in that the second magnetic sensor probe (42) is moved to traverse the respective measurement points of the area under test, obtaining the entire measurement data of the area under test.

8. A magnetic field sensing method according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the magnetic sensor is an atomic magnetic force sensor.

9. A magnetic field detection method according to claim 8, characterized by further comprising a magnetic shielding device (5) for shielding an external magnetic field and electromagnetic noise; the first magnetic sensor probe (41) and the second magnetic sensor probe (42) are both arranged on a probe bracket (4) in the magnetic shielding device (5), and the sensor probe arranged on the probe bracket (4) is connected with a sensor controller arranged outside the magnetic shielding device (5) through a sensor cable (6).

10. A magnetic field detection system, characterized in that a magnetic field detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is employed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical fields of atomic magnetometers, weak magnetic detection and the like, in particular to a magnetic field detection system for biomagnetic detection and a detection method thereof.

Background

In the process of human body life activity, electron transfer or ion movement occurs inside or between cells to form bioelectric current. The biological current flows regularly in human organs such as heart, brain, muscle, etc., and the biological current is accompanied by a biological magnetic field. Studies have shown that abnormalities in certain organs or tissues of the human body can lead to changes in bioelectric current. By detecting the biological magnetic field, the characteristics of the biological current can be deduced reversely, thereby judging the health condition of the organs or tissues.

The cardiac magnetic field, the cerebral magnetic field, the nerve magnetic field, the muscle magnetic field and the like belong to biological magnetic fields. The intensity of the biological magnetic field of these organs or tissues of the human body is 10^-14～10^-11In the order of tesla. Magnetic field strength (10) with the earth^-5Tesla magnitude), the human biological magnetic field signal is extremely weak. To measure such weak magnetic fields, conventional magnetic field measurement techniques, such as fluxgate and magnetoresistive techniques, do not meet such high accuracy requirements. Modern leading-edge quantum magnetic measurement technology, including low-temperature superconducting interference (SQUID) technology and atomic magnetic measurement technology, can theoretically reach 10^-15The Tesla magnitude can meet the precision requirement of human body biomagnetic detection.

In the last two or thirty years, the detection technology and clinical application of the human biological magnetic field are rapidly developed, and the research and clinical application of the magnetocardiogram instrument, the magnetoencephalography instrument and the like are already put into practice. Because the SQUID engineering technology is mature earlier, the SQUID technology is mostly adopted in the human body biological magnetic field diagnostic equipment, core components of the technology need to work in the ultralow temperature environment of 4K, and a Dewar flask is usually adopted to fill liquid helium for cooling, so that the equipment cost is high, and the size is large. And the liquid helium can be continuously evaporated and escaped in the using process, and the liquid helium needs to be continuously supplemented, so the operation and maintenance cost of the SQUID system is high, and the market application of the equipment is greatly influenced.

The atomic magnetic force measurement technology utilizes alkali metal atoms in a specific quantum state, the quantum state of the alkali metal atoms can sensitively sense an environmental magnetic field and generate certain change along with the environmental magnetic field, and the change of the quantum state is detected to obtain magnetic field intensity information. The atomic magnetic force measurement technology is divided into different implementation modes such as an Mx type atomic magnetometer, an Mz type atomic magnetometer and a spin relaxation exchange (SERF) free magnetometer.

The engineering difficulty of the atomic magnetic force measurement technology is the laser technology. With the mature application of laser technology in the last 20 years, the application of atomic magnetic force detection technology has also matured. Because the atomic magnetic force measurement technology has ultrahigh sensitivity and accuracy, the requirement of low-temperature working environment like SQUID is not needed, the volume is developing towards miniaturization, and the atomic magnetic force measurement technology becomes the mainstream direction of the current weak magnetic field measurement and application.

The detection and clinical application of the biomagnetic human body are leading-edge technologies of the medical field, but are limited by weak magnetic field detection technologies, and are in research states and cannot be popularized and used. At present, the mature human body biomagnetic detection technology is used for detecting the magnetocardiogram and the magnetoencephalography, and has practical clinical application.

Patent document CN109998519 discloses a system for performing magnetocardiogram measurement and magnetocardiogram generation based on a SERF atomic magnetometer, comprising: magnetic shielding barrel (room), SERF atom magnetometer, data acquisition and magnetocardiogram generation module. The magnetic shielding barrel (room) is used for shielding the earth environment magnetic field, so that the SERF atomic magnetometer can work in a zero magnetic environment, the magnetic shielding barrel is made of three layers of permalloy, and the permalloy has extremely high weak magnetic field permeability and good plasticity. The SERF atomic magnetometer comprises a laser, a collimating lens, a combined lens system, a reflector, an alkali metal gas chamber, a Photoelectric Detector (PD) and other components, a non-magnetic electric heating system and a magnetic compensation coil system. Light with the wavelength of 795nm output by the laser is guided into a light path through an optical fiber, a beam of parallel light is emitted through the collimating lens, then the parallel light is changed into circularly polarized light through the combined lens system, namely the polarizer and the 1/4 wave plate, the circularly polarized light is emitted into the alkali metal gas chamber through the reflector, and the emitted light is emitted into the photoelectric detector PD through the reflector. The alkali metal gas chamber contains alkali metal and inert gas, the alkali metal gas chamber is a sensitive element for sensing the size of an external magnetic field, circularly polarized light incident to the alkali metal gas chamber polarizes electrons on the outermost layer of the alkali metal in a zero magnetic field, and when the external magnetic field is disturbed, the size of the external magnetic field is determined through the output variable quantity of the photoelectric detector PD. Alkali metal needs to be in a high-temperature and nonmagnetic environment to obtain a non-spin exchange relaxation state, so that the SERF atomic magnetometer comprises a nonmagnetic heating system and a magnetic shielding coil system, the nonmagnetic heating system heats a gas chamber to raise the temperature of the gas chamber to 150 ℃, and the magnetic shielding coil system is used for compensating residual magnetism in a magnetic shielding barrel (room). The volume of the SERF atomic magnetometer is 1.8cm multiplied by 3.15cm multiplied by 10cm, the axial direction of the SERF atomic magnetometer is the sensitive axis Z axis of the SERF atomic magnetometer, the SERF atomic magnetometer is used for simultaneously measuring the magnetocardiogram in the normal direction of the surface of the thoracic cavity, and can be tightly attached to the skin to realize the measurement of shorter distance. The data acquisition module comprises a 6 x 6 array type magnetocardiogram measuring plate, a transmission line and an NI acquisition board card, and is specifically realized as follows: when measuring the magnetocardiogram, a hard non-magnetic magnetocardiogram measuring plate is adopted, wherein 6 × 6 SERF atomic magnetometer probe jacks are arranged on the magnetocardiogram measuring plate, and the jacks are spaced by 1 cm; the inserting height of the SERF atomic magnetometer into the inserting hole is adjusted according to the chest height of the tested person, so that the SERF atomic magnetometer is tightly attached to the skin on the chest surface; the measuring plate is bound in front of the tested chest, the center of the measuring plate is deviated to the left by about a fist distance, and the center of the measuring plate is positioned right above the heart; measuring X position points on the 6X 6 array magnetocardiogram measuring plate each time for about 2 minutes according to the number X of the existing SERF atomic magnetometers; the NI acquisition board card is used for simultaneously acquiring data of X SERF atomic magnetometers in the Z axis, namely, outputting X-path data in total every time, changing the positions of X probes, and sequentially traversing 36 measurement points on the magnetocardiogram measurement board through multiple measurements to obtain magnetocardiogram signals of all the position points, namely 36 channels. The magnetocardiogram generation module is arranged outside the magnetic shielding barrel (room), and comprises data bad section deletion, data preprocessing, single-channel average magnetocardiogram periodic extraction and magnetocardiogram drawing.

The biomagnetic detection technology belongs to weak magnetic detection technology, and one of the difficulties is effectively inhibiting background noise. In the prior art, although the magnetic shielding barrel (room) is used for shielding the earth environment magnetic field, the background noise still cannot be effectively suppressed, and the accuracy and the sensitivity of the biomagnetic detection are greatly influenced. In the prior art, a method for acquiring magnetic field information of one point as a background magnetic field and performing difference calculation is also available, but the method cannot extract background gradient information of the magnetic field. The common mode noise of the magnetic field at different positions is different due to the existence of the magnetic field gradient, and the gradient changes with time, which also causes the error of the method to be larger.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic field detection system and method, which calculate the common mode magnetic noise at any position in space by collecting the background magnetic noise and its gradient (magnetic field strength change rate), so as to improve the signal quality at the measurement position, reduce the measurement error, and further improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the biomagnetic detection.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a magnetic field detection method comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors for measuring a magnetic field, the magnetic sensors comprising a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises three first magnetic sensor probes (41) for acquiring background magnetic fields and gradient information thereof and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) for acquiring detected magnetic field signals, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are arranged close to a detected area and distributed in the same detection plane, and the first magnetic sensor probes (41) are arranged far away from the detected area; the three first magnetic sensor probes (41) are respectively a probe A, a probe B and a probe C, the probe A and the probe B are vertically arranged along the Z direction, the probe A and the probe C are longitudinally arranged along the Y direction, the detection plane is an XY plane, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged in a line along the Y direction, and the first magnetic sensor probes (41) and the second magnetic sensor probes (42) are positioned in the same YZ plane; the detection method comprises the following steps:

1) subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe B, and dividing the measured value of the probe A by the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe C, and dividing the measured value of the probe A by the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Y direction;

2) calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe according to the Z projection distance and the Y projection distance of each second magnetic sensor probe (42) from the probe A and the calculated gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction and the Y direction;

3) subtracting the background magnetic field from the measured value obtained by each second magnetic sensor probe to obtain a magnetic field signal of the measured magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe;

4) and (3) synchronously moving the first magnetic sensor probe (41) and the second magnetic sensor probe (42) to traverse each measurement point of the measured area to obtain all measurement data of the measured area.

Preferably, 6 to 12 second magnetic sensor probes (42) are included, and the distance between two adjacent second magnetic sensor probes (42) is 30 to 50 mm.

Preferably, the length of the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) arranged covers the Y-direction dimension of the region to be measured.

Preferably, the first magnetic sensor probe (41) and the second magnetic sensor probe (42) move synchronously in the X direction.

A magnetic field detection method comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors for measuring a magnetic field, the magnetic sensors comprising a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises four first magnetic sensor probes (41) for acquiring background magnetic fields and gradient information thereof and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) for acquiring detected magnetic field signals, wherein the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are arranged close to a detected area, and the first magnetic sensor probes (41) are arranged far away from the detected area; the four first magnetic sensor probes (41) are respectively a probe A, a probe B, a probe C and a probe D, the probe A and the probe B are vertically arranged along the Z direction, the probe A and the probe C are arranged front and back along the Y direction, the probe A and the probe D are arranged left and right along the X direction, a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes (42) are distributed and arranged in the same detection plane in an array mode, and the detection plane is an XY plane; the detection method comprises the following steps:

1) subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe B to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe C to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Y direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe D to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the x direction;

2) calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe according to the Z projection distance, the X projection distance and the Y projection distance of each second magnetic sensor probe (42) from the probe A and the calculated gradients of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, the X direction and the Y direction;

3) and subtracting the background magnetic field from the measured value obtained by each second magnetic sensor probe to obtain a magnetic field signal of the measured magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe.

Preferably, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged in an array covering the entire area to be measured. Thus, all the measurement data of the measured area can be obtained at one time.

In another preferred mode, the second magnetic sensor probe (42) is moved to traverse each measurement point of the measured region to obtain all the measurement data of the measured region. This reduces sensor cost and reduces probe movement times.

Preferably, the magnetic sensor is an atomic magnetic force sensor.

Preferably, the magnetic shielding device also comprises a magnetic shielding device (5) for shielding external magnetic fields and electromagnetic noise; the first magnetic sensor probe (41) and the second magnetic sensor probe (42) are both arranged on a probe bracket (4) in the magnetic shielding device (5), and the sensor probe arranged on the probe bracket (4) is connected with a sensor controller arranged outside the magnetic shielding device (5) through a sensor cable (6).

A magnetic field detection system employing a magnetic field detection method as described above.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention calculates the common-mode magnetic noise of each measuring position in the space by collecting the background magnetic noise and the gradient thereof, and suppresses the data noise of the measuring position by calculation to improve the signal quality of the measuring position, reduce the measuring error and further improve the accuracy and the sensitivity of the biomagnetic detection. The system is used for completing the biomagnetic data acquisition of dense dot matrix human organs and local tissues under the normal temperature condition and diagnosing the abnormal change of related organs and tissues. One particular application is in the detection and feature extraction of the magnetic field of the human heart for the diagnosis of heart diseases.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of the moving position of the examining table along the x direction in the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first arrangement of magnetic sensor probes;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second arrangement of magnetic sensor probes;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a first arrangement of magnetic sensor probes for measurement positioning;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the system control and data processing flow of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a human heart biomagnetic detection grid point.

Wherein, 1, a base; 2. an inspection bed assembly; 21. a lower bed plate; 3. a human body to be tested; 4. a probe holder; 41. a first magnetic sensor probe; 42. a second magnetic sensor probe; 5. a magnetic shielding device; 6. a sensor cable; 7. a system cabinet; 8. A data cable; 9. and a system operation unit.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example 1:

a biomagnetic quantum detection system as described in figure 1 comprising:

the atomic magnetic sensor group is used for measuring a biological magnetic field and consists of a plurality of atomic magnetic sensors, wherein each atomic magnetic sensor comprises a sensor probe and a sensor controller;

a magnetic shield device 5 for shielding an external magnetic field and electromagnetic noise;

the supporting and positioning mechanical device comprises a base 1, an examination bed assembly 2 for fixing a tested human body and a probe bracket 4 for fixing a sensor probe;

a system control and data processing unit;

and a system operation unit;

wherein the sensor probe comprises:

at least three first magnetic sensor probes 41 for acquiring background noise and background magnetic field gradient information,

and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 for receiving the biological magnetic field;

the first and second magnetic sensor probes 41, 42 are each fixed to the probe mount 4, with the second magnetic sensor probe 42 being located below the first magnetic sensor probe 41.

In this embodiment, the probe holder 4 is disposed inside the magnetic shield 5, and the sensor probe mounted on the probe holder 4 is connected to a sensor controller mounted outside the magnetic shield 5 through a sensor cable 6. Therefore, the sensor probe is close to the human organ or tissue to receive the human biological magnetic field, and the sensor controller is separated from the sensor probe by a proper distance to reduce the interference on the measured biological magnetic field.

In one embodiment, the probe holder 4 is provided with three first magnetic sensor probes 41, namely a probe a, a probe B and a probe C, wherein the probe a and the probe B are arranged up and down along the Z direction, the probe a and the probe C are arranged back and forth along the Y direction, a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 are positioned below the first magnetic sensor probes 41 and are arranged in a row back and forth along the Y direction, and the three first magnetic sensor probes 41 and the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 are positioned in the same YZ plane. Thus, the coordinates of each probe are known; the gradient of the magnetic field in the z direction can be obtained by subtracting the measurement value of the probe A from the measurement value of the probe B and dividing the measurement value of the probe A by the distance between the probes AB, and the gradient of the magnetic field in the y direction can be obtained by subtracting the measurement value of the probe A from the measurement value of the probe C and dividing the measurement value of the probe A by the distance between the probes AC; calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe below according to the z-projection distance and the y-projection distance of the distance A of the plurality of probes below and the calculated gradient in the z direction and the y direction; the calculated background magnetic field is subtracted from the measured value, namely, the background noise of the measuring position is suppressed, thereby improving the quality of the signal to be measured. Preferably, the second magnetic sensor probes are uniformly arranged in a row along the Y direction, and the length of the arrangement of the probes covers the dimension of the region to be measured in the Y direction. The preferred scheme for detecting magnetocardiogram signals is to arrange 6 to 12 atomic magnetic sensors, and the distance between the probes is 30 to 50 mm.

In another embodiment, the probe holder 4 is provided with four first magnetic sensor probes 41, which are respectively a probe a, a probe B, a probe C and a probe D, the probe a and the probe B are arranged up and down along the Z direction, the probe a and the probe C are arranged front and back along the Y direction, the probe a and the probe D are arranged left and right along the X direction, and at least four second magnetic sensor probes 42 are distributed in an array manner and are arranged in the same detection plane. Thus, four atomic magnetic sensor probes for acquiring environmental noise and gradients thereof are arranged in different spatial directions, the coordinates of each probe are known, and the gradient of the magnetic field in the z direction can be obtained by subtracting the measurement value of the probe A from the measurement value of the probe B and dividing the measurement value of the probe A by the distance between the probes AB. Similarly, the gradient of the magnetic field in the y direction can be determined by subtracting the measurement value of probe A from the measurement value of probe C and dividing the measurement value by the distance between the AC. Similarly, the gradient of the magnetic field in the x direction can be determined by subtracting the measurement value of the probe a from the measurement value of the probe D and dividing the measurement value by the distance AD. Then, according to the z-projection distance, the x-projection distance and the y-projection distance of the probe of each second magnetic sensor below from the a, the calculated gradients in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction are combined, so that the background magnetic field at the position of each probe below can be calculated. The calculated background magnetic field is subtracted from the measured value, namely, the background noise of the measuring position is suppressed, thereby improving the quality of the signal to be measured. The preferred scheme is that a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged into an array according to the shape and the area of the detected target, and the array covers the whole detected area.

The above two embodiments can be used not only for measuring the biological magnetic field, but also in other field of weak magnetic measurement, so this embodiment also discloses:

a magnetic field detection method comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors for measuring a magnetic field, the magnetic sensors comprising a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises three first magnetic sensor probes 41 for acquiring background magnetic fields and gradient information thereof and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 for acquiring detected magnetic field signals, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 are arranged close to a detected area and distributed in the same detection plane, and the first magnetic sensor probes 41 are arranged far away from the detected area; the three first magnetic sensor probes 41 are respectively a probe A, a probe B and a probe C, the probe A and the probe B are vertically arranged along the Z direction, the probe A and the probe C are arranged front and back along the Y direction, the detection plane is an XY plane, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged in a line along the Y direction, and the first magnetic sensor probes 41 and the second magnetic sensor probes 42 are positioned in the same YZ plane; the detection method comprises the following steps: subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe B, and dividing the measured value of the probe A by the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe C, and dividing the measured value of the probe A by the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Y direction; calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe according to the Z projection distance and the Y projection distance of each second magnetic sensor probe 42 from the probe A and the calculated gradients of the background magnetic field in the Z direction and the Y direction; subtracting the background magnetic field from the measured value obtained by each second magnetic sensor probe to obtain a magnetic field signal of the measured magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe; all the measurement data of the measured region are obtained by moving the first magnetic sensor probe 41 and the second magnetic sensor probe 42 synchronously to traverse each measurement point of the measured region.

In this embodiment, the second magnetic sensor probes 42 include 6 to 12 second magnetic sensor probes 42, and the distance between two adjacent second magnetic sensor probes 42 is 30 to 50 mm. The plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 are arranged with a length that covers the Y-direction dimension of the region to be measured. The first and second magnetic sensor probes 41 and 42 move synchronously in the X direction.

A magnetic field detection method comprising a plurality of magnetic sensors for measuring a magnetic field, the magnetic sensors comprising a sensor probe and a sensor controller; the sensor probe comprises four first magnetic sensor probes 41 for acquiring background magnetic fields and gradient information thereof and a plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 for acquiring detected magnetic field signals, wherein the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 are arranged close to a detected area, and the first magnetic sensor probes 41 are arranged far away from the detected area; the four first magnetic sensor probes 41 are respectively a probe A, a probe B, a probe C and a probe D, the probe A and the probe B are vertically arranged along the Z direction, the probe A and the probe C are front-back arranged along the Y direction, the probe A and the probe D are left-right arranged along the X direction, the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes 42 are distributed and arranged in the same detection plane in an array mode, and the detection plane is an XY plane; the detection method comprises the following steps: subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe B to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe C to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the Y direction, subtracting the measured value of the probe A from the measured value of the probe D to divide the distance between the two to obtain the gradient of the background magnetic field in the x direction; calculating the background magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe according to the Z projection distance, the X projection distance and the Y projection distance of each second magnetic sensor probe 42 from the probe A and the calculated gradients of the background magnetic field in the Z direction, the X direction and the Y direction; and subtracting the background magnetic field from the measured value obtained by each second magnetic sensor probe to obtain a magnetic field signal of the measured magnetic field at the position of each second magnetic sensor probe.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the plurality of second magnetic sensor probes are arranged in an array capable of covering the entire region to be measured. The second magnetic sensor probe (42) can also be moved to traverse each measurement point of the measured region to obtain all measurement data of the measured region.

A magnetic field detection system employing a magnetic field detection method as described above.

In this embodiment, the magnetic shielding device 5 is made of a high magnetic permeability material and has an internal space capable of accommodating the probe holder and the human body to be measured, and the magnetic shielding device 5 is a cylindrical magnetic shielding cylinder having one end closed and the other end open.

In the embodiment, the magnetic sensor comprises a base 1, an inspection bed assembly 2 and a probe bracket 4, wherein the inspection bed assembly 2 is installed on the base and can move linearly on the base 1 along the X direction; the probe bracket 4 is arranged on the inspection bed assembly 2 and can move linearly on the inspection bed assembly 2 along the X direction; a part of the base 1 is fixed inside the magnetic shield device 5, and the other part of the base 1 is fixed outside the magnetic shield device 5. Preferably, the inspection bed assembly is moved by a motor, which is located outside the magnetic shielding device. Preferably, the examination bed assembly 2 and the base 1 are fixed in relative position by a first locking device.

In this embodiment, the inspection bed assembly 2 includes an upper bed plate and a lower bed plate, wherein the upper bed plate can linearly move on the lower bed plate along the X direction; the upper layer bed board and the lower layer bed board are fixed at relative positions through a positioning device; the probe bracket 4 is arranged on the lower layer bed board of the inspection bed assembly 2, and the probe bracket 4 and the inspection bed assembly 2 are fixed in relative position through a second locking device. Preferably, the probe bracket can move linearly along the Z direction and is used for adjusting the distance position between the sensor probe and the measured human body.

In this embodiment, the probe holder 4 is provided with a laser emitting device capable of emitting a visible laser beam downward in the Z direction for indicating a measurement position. Thus, the position between the sensor probe and the measured human body in the X direction and the Y direction is assisted to be adjusted by using the visible laser beam for indicating the measuring region. Preferably, the laser beam shape is point-like or linear on the X-Y plane; the number of light beams is 1 to 4; the laser color is red or green.

The system control and data processing unit comprises a sensor control module, a system control module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a data communication module, auxiliary equipment such as power supply and the like, and an optional electrocardiosignal module. The sensor control, system control, data acquisition and data processing parts also comprise programs to realize respective functions. And the system operation unit is composed of intelligent electronic equipment such as a computer or a tablet personal computer and a program and is connected to the system control and information processing unit through a high-speed data channel. It is further preferable to support a plurality of system operating units to operate and use the system at the same time. The signal of the electrocardio module is accessed to a data acquisition unit of the system, and the obtained data is used for assisting the system to process signals so as to obtain a better magnetocardiogram signal processing result. These are prior art.

The system parts are further described in detail as follows:

1. atomic magnetic sensor group

The atomic magnetic sensor detects the change of the atomic energy level under the action of a magnetic field based on the interaction of light and atoms, thereby realizing accurate magnetic field measurement. The laser light source, the optical prism, the lens, the atomic gas chamber and the photoelectric conversion module are arranged in the laser light source. The laser light source adopts a miniaturized laser chip, and the wavelength of the laser chip corresponds to the selected atoms. The optical prism and the lens shape the laser, control the polarization state of the laser and enable the laser to enter the atomic gas chamber. The atomic gas cell is a high-transparency sealed glass container in which a sufficient amount of a certain alkali metal is placed. In some examples, rubidium atoms are placed inside the atomic gas cell; in other examples, cesium atoms are placed inside the atomic gas cell. Under the conditions of low pressure and proper heating, alkali metal atom steam with certain concentration is formed in the atom gas chamber. In some examples, the atomic gas chamber is also filled with appropriate nitrogen or inert gas to limit the movement of gaseous alkali metal so as to obtain better measurement results. According to the needs of practical engineering, in some examples, the atomic gas chamber adopts a shape of a cube; in another example, the atomic gas cell takes a cylindrical or spherical shape. The size of the atomic gas cell is usually 30mm or less.

By setting proper temperature and magnetic field environment for the atomic gas chamber, specific pumping laser is provided, and the alkali metal steam in the atomic gas chamber is polarized and enters a certain quantum state to become a working medium capable of sensitively sensing the magnetic field intensity. The detection laser passes through the atom gas chamber and acts with the polarized alkali metal atoms, thereby carrying the quantum state information of the alkali metal atoms. Emergent light is converted into an electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion module, and the electrical signal is transmitted into the control unit through a cable, so that the analysis and extraction of a magnetic field are realized. According to different implementation modes, atomic magnetometry technologies are further divided into subdivision technologies such as Mx optical pumps, Mz optical pumps, spin-free relaxation exchange (SERF) and the like.

In different implementations, the pump laser and the probe laser may be two different lasers or the same laser.

In one implementation, an atomic magnetic sensor includes an atomic magnetic sensor probe, an atomic magnetic sensor controller, and a sensor cable. The atomic gas chamber is arranged in the atomic magnetic sensor probe and is used for detecting the magnetic field at the position of the atomic gas chamber. The sensor probe is also provided with a laser generating device, a magnetic field generating device, a temperature control device and a detection laser detection device. The sensor controller provides control signals required by the working devices of the sensor probe, and receives and processes output signals of the laser detection device. These input and output signals are transmitted through the sensor cable.

The atomic magnetic sensor controller further provides an external interface for receiving an external device instruction and providing a detection signal or data for the external device.

According to the requirements of sensor installation density and the limitation of equipment installation space, the size of the sensor probe is limited. In the present invention, it is required that the projection of the sensor probe on the measuring plane is less than 30mm x 30mm and the length is less than 100 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the sensor probe is formed as a rectangular solid of 20mm by 60mm, wherein the 20mm by 20mm face is directed towards the object to be measured.

In order to detect the spatial distribution of the magnetic field of the human body, a plurality of atomic magnetic sensors are arranged in the system. The magnetic field of human body is very weak, taking the heart magnetic field as an example, the peak-to-peak value is usually less than 100pT, the earth magnetic field is usually 50000000pT, so the measured result is seriously influenced by the fluctuation and change of the environmental magnetic field during measurement. It is noted that the ambient magnetic field is not homogeneous, but rather has a magnetic field gradient. Therefore, the effect of the change in the ambient magnetic field is also different at different measurement locations, which introduces measurement noise. The noise caused by the change of the environmental magnetic field is even far larger than the biological magnetic field signal to be measured, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured biological magnetic signal is low, and even the biological magnetic signal is submerged in background noise. The introduction of magnetic shielding devices, such as the magnetic shielding drums described below, reduces the environmental noise and improves this problem to some extent, but does not completely solve it. In order to further improve the measurement level, the atomic magnetic sensors are divided into two groups, one group is a first magnetic sensor probe group 41 for collecting background magnetic noise and gradient information of the background magnetic noise in the measurement environment, and the other group is a second magnetic sensor probe group 42 for collecting biological magnetic signals.

In a preferred arrangement as shown in fig. 3, the first magnetic sensor probe 41 for acquiring background noise and its gradient includes three ABC probes, probe a and probe B are arranged up and down in the Z direction, probe a and probe C are arranged back and forth in the Y direction, the second magnetic sensor probe 42 for acquiring biomagnetic signals is located below the first magnetic sensor probe 41 and is arranged in a row back and forth in the Y direction, and the three ABC probes and the 7 probes below are located in the same YZ plane. The coordinates of each probe are known. The gradient of the magnetic field in the z direction can be determined by subtracting the measurement value of probe A from the measurement value of probe B and dividing the measurement value of probe A by the distance between probes AB. Similarly, the gradient of the magnetic field in the y direction can be obtained by subtracting the measurement value of the probe A from the measurement value of the probe C and dividing the measurement value of the probe A by the distance between the AC. Then the background magnetic field at the position of the lower 7 probes can be calculated according to the z-projection distance and the y-projection distance of the lower 7 probes from the A, and the calculated gradient in the z direction and the y direction. The calculated background magnetic field is subtracted from the measured value, namely, the background noise of the measuring position is suppressed, thereby improving the quality of the signal to be measured. Thus, the magnetic field gradients in two directions can be calculated, and the common mode noise of the magnetic field at all positions in the plane formed by the two directions can be deduced.

In the above arrangement, only the measurement in the yz plane is considered, and similarly, another preferable scheme is to add an atomic magnetic sensor probe D, and the probe D and the probe a are arranged left and right along the X direction, so that the magnetic field gradient in the X direction can be calculated, and further the magnetic field noise at all the measurement positions below can be calculated, as shown in fig. 4.

The specific mathematical calculation process is as follows.

Let A be at position (0,0,0), which measures V0. The position of B is (0,0, lz), and the measured value is Vz. C is located at (0, ly,0), and its measurement value is Vy. D is located at (lx,0,0), and its measurement value is Vx.

Then, the common-mode magnetic field noise V at any position (x, y, z) in space is:

and subtracting the calculated common mode noise from the acquired magnetic field signal, and then using the common mode noise for subsequent data processing.

Thus, from the detected data of the A and B positions, the magnetic field gradient in the y direction can be calculated. Similarly, from the detected data at the A and C positions, the magnetic field gradient in the Z direction can be calculated. Similarly, the magnetic field gradient in the X direction can be calculated from the a and B positions. The detection data for the a position may be considered ambient noise. According to the triaxial gradient information of the background magnetic field and the magnetic field noise of one point, the common-mode magnetic field noise of any position in the space can be calculated and used for measuring the common-mode noise suppression of the position.

2. Magnetic shielding device

The human body biomagnetic signal is very weak, and if the signal is not controlled, the earth magnetic field and the environmental electromagnetic wave can cause serious influence on the measurement. The magnetic shielding device shields an external magnetic field and electromagnetic noise, so that the internal device of the magnetic shielding device is prevented from external interference. Some atomic magnetomechanical techniques, such as SERF, require the sensor probe to operate in an environment with near zero magnetic field.

The magnetic shielding device is made of a high-permeability alloy material. The high magnetic conductivity materials commonly used are permalloy and silicon steel. The magnetic shielding device adopts the high-magnetic-conductivity alloy plate with a certain thickness to form a closed or semi-closed cavity, and the size of the cavity at least can accommodate the sensor probe, the accessory device and part or all of a measured human body. The magnetic field strength in all or part of the cavity is less than a specified value, such as 50nT (45000 nT-60000 nT earth magnetic field). The size of this area is such that it covers at least all measurement points.

The thickness of the high-permeability alloy plate is usually in the range of 0.1mm to 10 mm. The magnetic shielding device made of the multilayer alloy plates can obtain better shielding effect and achieve the required shielding performance. In the embodiment, 3-5 layers of permalloy are adopted to manufacture the magnetic shielding device; in other embodiments, 8-10 layers of silicon steel alloy can be used to fabricate the magnetic shielding device.

The magnetic shield device may be a long (square) square magnetic shield room, or a cylindrical magnetic shield cylinder. The magnetic shielding device is fully enclosed to obtain better shielding performance, and in this case, the shielding chamber or the shielding cylinder needs to be provided with an openable door or a openable cover device to facilitate the entering or the removing of the sensor probe and the measured object.

In this embodiment, a semi-closed magnetic shield cylinder device is preferably employed, as shown in fig. 1. The magnetic shielding cylinder main body is made of four layers of permalloy, and the inner diameter phi 3: 850mm, outer diameter Φ 2: 1000, length L: 2m, respectively. A cylindrical shell of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 10mm is additionally arranged outside the magnetic shielding cylinder main body to support and protect the magnetic shielding cylinder main body. One end of the shielding cylinder is covered on the four layers of permalloy cylinders in sequence by adopting four permalloy covers, and one aluminum alloy cover is covered on the aluminum alloy shell. The other end of the shielding cylinder is open so as to facilitate the entrance and exit of the sensor probe device and the measured human body.

3. Supporting and positioning mechanical device

The support positioning mechanism comprises a base 1, an examination table assembly 2 and a probe support 4, as shown in fig. 1. The supporting and positioning mechanical device is used for fixing the atomic magnetic sensor probe and the measured human body, and can adjust the relative position between the probe and the measured human body part to position the probe at a proper position for measurement.

The base is divided into two parts, one part is fixed in the magnetic shielding device, and the other part is fixed on the ground outside the shielding cylinder. The two parts of the base are in close butt joint, and the upper surface forms a solid platform in the same plane.

The inspection bed component consists of an upper layer bed board and a lower layer bed board. A sliding wheel and a slideway are arranged between the upper bed plate and the lower bed plate, so that the upper bed plate can linearly move on the lower bed plate along the X direction. The pulley can be installed on the upper layer bed board and also can be installed on the lower layer bed board. The person to be tested lies on the upper layer bed board horizontally and moves along with the upper layer bed board, as shown in figure 2.

In some embodiments, the area to be measured is larger than the configured sensor coverage area, requiring movement of the upper bed to change the relative position of the body and the sensor probe. Thus, as shown in fig. 5, the lower bed plate 21 is sequentially provided with R markings, which are sequentially marked as 1,2, …, R, and the upper bed plate is moved to align its outer edge with a certain marking to locate the sub-position of a certain measurement. The distance between the marked lines is the distance of the measuring quantum positions, and the specific numerical value is determined according to the requirement of the measured space density. Preferably, the marked lines are uniformly distributed and have a distance of 30 mm-50 mm.

Furthermore, a locking device is arranged between the upper layer bed board and the lower layer bed board, and the locking device is started to fix the position between the upper layer bed board and the lower layer bed board. In the detection process, the positions of the two are locked, so that the measurement position is accurate; in the detection preparation stage, the positions of the two are locked, so that a detected person can conveniently go up and down the examination table.

The probe carrier 4 is mounted on the lower bed plate 21 of the inspection bed assembly 2 and is movable in the X direction to adjust the relative position between the probe carrier and the inspection bed assembly. In the preparation stage of detection, after a tested person lies on the upper bed board, the position of the probe bracket is adjusted to the target position of the tested person, and then the position between the probe bracket and the lower bed board is locked.

The examination bed assembly 2 is mounted on the base 1. A sliding wheel and a slideway are arranged between the inspection bed assembly and the base, so that the inspection bed assembly can move linearly on the base along the X direction. The inspection bed assembly and the base are provided with a locking device, and the relative position between the inspection bed assembly and the base is fixed under the condition of being adjusted to a proper position.

The motion mechanism in the supporting and positioning mechanical device is provided with a sensor probe bracket, an inspection bed assembly, a base and three positions between two layers of bed plates of the inspection bed assembly. The motion mechanisms can be manually pushed to displace, also can be driven to displace by a motor, or the combination of the two. The specific implementation examples can arbitrarily combine several moving methods according to needs.

The supporting and positioning mechanism is provided with two optimized positions, namely an initial position and a measuring position. In the initial position, the two layers of bed boards of the inspection bed assembly are at the farthest positions outside the shielding cylinder, and the sensor probe bracket is positioned at one end close to the shielding cylinder, as shown in fig. 2B; in a measuring state, two layers of bed boards of the inspection bed assembly are positioned at the innermost position in the shielding cylinder, and the sensor probe bracket is adjusted to a proper measuring position, as shown in fig. 2A.

In the measurement preparation stage and the end stage, the supporting and positioning mechanical device is adjusted to an initial state so as to facilitate the tested person to get on or off the examination table.

In the measuring process, the supporting and positioning mechanical device is located at a measuring position, the sensor probe is locked with the position of the lower bed plate of the inspection bed assembly, if necessary, the upper bed plate of the inspection bed assembly is moved, and the measured human body moves along with the upper bed plate to change the measuring point. This design of the support and positioning mechanism keeps the sensor stationary throughout the measurement process, facilitates rapid measurement and facilitates accurate measurement.

In a preferred embodiment, a laser beam may also be used to assist in adjusting the sensor probe. A laser emitting device is arranged on the probe support, and a visible laser beam is emitted downwards along the Z direction and is used for indicating a measuring area, so that a system operator can conveniently adjust the position between the probe of the sensor and a measured human body in the X direction and the Y direction, and the measuring position is accurate. The laser beam may indicate the biomagnetic detection area of the human heart with a rectangular area, a cross line or a single point.

Further preferably, the laser beam shape is a dot shape or a line shape on the X-Y plane. The number of the light beams is 1-4. The laser color is red or green.

In this embodiment, a rectangular area is preferably used to indicate the detection position of the sensor probe. The rectangular area is surrounded by four plane linear light beams. Specifically, the laser emitting device emits four planar linear light beams downwards along the Z direction, a rectangle is enclosed on the surface of the human body, and the rectangular area indicates the effective position detected by the sensor probe. Taking the cardiac biomagnetic detection as an example, an operator can adjust the relative position of the probe bracket and the human body according to the indication of the rectangular frame, so that the cardiac magnetic field measurement area of the human body is aligned to the rectangular frame.

In other embodiments, two planar linear laser beams may be used to form a cross-hair that indicates the center position of the sensor probe.

In other embodiments, a planar spot laser beam may be used to form a spot indicating the center of the sensor probe.

3.1 Probe arrangement and dense dot matrix acquisition method

Biomagnetic detection applications typically require high density measurement acquisition in an area. In the case of a human heart biomagnetic detection application, a planar region above the chest centered on the human heart and proximate to the position of the human body (at a distance of about 1cm) is preferred as the measurement region. A uniform grid of N columns x R rows is defined in this region and magnetic field data is measured for a period of time (e.g., 30s) at each grid point. As shown in fig. 7, a small square in the drawing is the measurement position of a sensor probe, and the center of the square corresponds to the detection center of the sensor probe; the size of the area is preferably 20-25 cm in the X, Y direction; measuring the density of grid points, preferably, the distance between the center positions of adjacent measuring points is 30-50 mm;

taking a 7 column by 7 row grid point as an example, the preferred grid point size is 3.5cm by 3.5cm, and the measured coverage is calculated to be a 24.5cm by 24.5cm area.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, it is preferable to configure a sensor probe array with 7 columns by 7 rows, and 49 atomic magnetic sensors in total.

In other embodiments, if the number of sensors is less than the number of grid points to be measured, multiple acquisitions are required to cover the area to be measured.

For example, 7 atomic magnetic sensors are arranged, probes of the 7 sensors are aligned in a row in the Y direction, and the center distance between adjacent probes is 3.5 cm. Fig. 3 depicts a testing process of the cardiac biomagnetic detection system of the present configuration.

Before measurement is started, the atomic magnetic sensor probe is adjusted to a measurement position (r) and is locked, and then data collection is started to obtain data of 7 measurement points in a line of the measurement position (r). Then, moving an upper bed plate of the inspection bed assembly along the X direction, namely moving the position of a human body or detecting the position of a plane to a measuring position II, and collecting 7 measuring point positions in the second row; repeating the above process, knowing that all 7 rows of measurement point data are acquired, and obtaining all the measurement data of 7 x 7 grids. The center distance between adjacent measurement positions was 3.5 cm. It should be noted that the measurement can be started from any one of the measurement positions (i) - (c); the order of measurement may also be arbitrary as long as the measurement of all 7 positions is finally completed.

4. System control and data processing unit

The system control and data processing unit is an electronic information system consisting of electronic components and programs, and comprises a sensor control module, a system control module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a data communication module, auxiliary equipment such as power supply and the like, and an optional electrocardiosignal module. The sensor control module, the system control module, the data acquisition module, the data processing module and the like further comprise programs which are used for automatically managing and controlling electronic and mechanical components in the system and processing service data in the system, and all the modules are the prior art.

The working principle of the system control and data processing unit mainly includes the transfer relationship of the service data and the action relationship of the control information, as shown in fig. 6, where the solid line is the service data flow and the dotted line is the control information flow.

The system service data flow describes the processing process of the magnetic field intensity information of the measured target after entering the system. The sensor controller receives the abstract information signal of the magnetic field intensity from the sensor probe, obtains a specific electric signal representing the magnitude of the magnetic field through analysis and processing, converts the electric signal into digital data through the data acquisition module, and then sends the digital data to the data processing module through the data communication module to perform processing such as digital signal processing, magnetic map image analysis, clinical parameter analysis and data storage. The data communication module also provides an external interface which can provide data service for external equipment.

The system control information flow takes the system control module as the core. The system control module manages all modules in the system, including opening and closing, running state monitoring, and parameter setting. Meanwhile, the system control module also controls the operation of system service data flow, including configuring service and managing access authority.

The system operating unit in fig. 1 may retrieve the service data from the data processing unit by requesting a service from the system control module.

4.1, data processing

The data processing mainly comprises two steps of digital signal processing and biomagnetic model analysis.

The digital signal processing is to perform signal field optimization processing on the acquired sensor signals (including the atomic magnetic sensor signals and the matched electrocardio signals), remove noise and unwanted information, and leave information with a required high signal-to-noise ratio. And sequentially carrying out filtering, synchronization, averaging and other processing on the magnetic field waveform data of each grid point to obtain clear waveform data of one heartbeat cycle. In some embodiments, the biomagnetic detection system is configured with an electrocardiograph module for signal synchronization to achieve better processing. These are prior art.

In signal processing, some noise components, especially low frequency noise, are difficult to process. In the embodiment, N + M (N is greater than or equal to 4, and M is greater than or equal to 3) sensors are configured, wherein probes of the N sensors are close to a human body and used for detecting a biomagnetic signal of a detected human body organ or tissue, and probes of the M sensors are installed at appropriate positions far away from the detected human body organ or tissue and used for acquiring a background magnetic field inside a shielding cylinder to assist signal estimation processing, so that a better processing result is obtained. Specifically, it is assumed that the Z-direction magnetic field data obtained by the N sensors for measuring the biomagnetic signals are: b is_Z1，B_Z2，…，B_ZN(ii) a The magnetic field data in the Z direction obtained by the M sensors for measuring the biomagnetic signals are respectively: d_Z1，D_Z2，…，D_ZM(ii) a Determining a coefficient matrix c_nmAnd (N is 1,2, … N, M is 1,2, …, M), then

B’_zn(N-1, 2, …, N) is the estimated signal with part of the background noise component removed. Coefficient matrix c_nmThe test analysis is carried out by zero input and some special training signal input. Practical tests show that 3 sensors can obtain good processing effect when used for collecting background noise.

After the digital signal processing step is completed, the biomagnetic signals are further subjected to biomagnetic model analysis, and biomagnetic characteristic values are extracted for disease judgment. This process requires a large amount of clinical data in conjunction with clinical trials to determine valid characteristic values.

The research on the heart biomagnetism has been over twenty years, and the magnetocardiogram products are applied clinically at present. Preferably, the biological magnetic data of the heart at certain special time points in a heartbeat cycle are taken, the spatial high resolution is improved through interpolation, and a magnetic field map is drawn by contour lines; while pseudo-current maps were calculated from magnetic field data analysis. These special time points are usually taken as the R peak, T peak, ST stage start stage, T peak front and back stage, etc., and some heart diseases can be diagnosed according to their magnetic field map and pseudo-current map. The current clinical diagnostic application is mature myocardial ischemia.

5. System operation unit

The system operation unit is composed of intelligent electronic equipment such as a computer or a tablet computer and a program. The devices of the system operation unit are connected to the system control and information processing unit through a high-speed data channel. These are prior art.

The system operation unit provides a user with operating and maintaining equipment. For medical staff, the system operation unit provides functions of logging in a system, carrying out biomagnetic detection operation, checking historical data of patients and the like; for maintenance technicians, the system operating unit provides functions such as system configuration, system diagnostics, etc. The system operating unit preferably provides a graphical interface for the convenience of the user and supports multi-user operation, i.e., multiple system operating units operate and use the system simultaneously. Under the condition of operation conflict, the system control and data processing unit arbitrates according to the authority of the logged-in operator and other conditions, and selects proper operation.

The biomagnetic detection process is described below with reference to specific examples according to different arrangements of the sensor probes as follows:

in one embodiment, the first magnetic sensor probe and the second magnetic sensor probe are arranged in the same plane, and the human heart biomagnetic detection system comprises:

1) a set of atomic magnetic sensor group comprises 10 atomic magnetic sensors. As shown in fig. 3, the probes (second magnetic sensor probes 42) of 7 atomic magnetic sensors are uniformly installed on the probe support along the Y direction in a straight line, and the distance between the centers of the adjacent probes is 3.5cm, so as to receive the magnetocardiogram biomagnetic field signals of the human body to be detected; the probe (the first magnetic sensor probe 41) of the magnetic force of the 8 th to 10 th atoms is arranged on the upper part of the probe bracket and is at least 10cm away from the detection surface. The controller of the atomic magnetic sensor is arranged in a system cabinet and is connected with the sensor probe through a cable.

2) The main body of the electrocardio module is arranged in a system cabinet, and the electrocardio electrode is placed on an inspection bed component of the supporting and positioning device for standby. The electrocardio-electrode is connected with the electrocardio-module main body through a cable.

3) The magnetic shielding cylinder consists of four layers of permalloy cylindrical cylinders and an aluminum alloy cylindrical shell with the thickness of 10mm, and has the inner diameter phi of 850mm, the outer diameter phi of 1000 mm and the length of 2 m. One end of the shielding cylinder is closed by four permalloy covers and one aluminum alloy cover, and the other end is open.

4) The supporting and positioning mechanical device comprises a probe bracket, an inspection bed assembly and a base, wherein the probe bracket is provided with a rectangular laser positioning device; the inspection bed assembly is provided with 7 measuring sub-position marks, and the distance between adjacent positions is 3.5 cm.

5) The system control and data processing unit comprises a data sensor control module, a system control module, a data acquisition and processing module, a data communication module and a power supply module; the sensor control module, the system control module and the data acquisition and processing module comprise respective control programs.

6) And the system operation unit consists of a computer and software running on the computer.

The probe adopts the human heart biomagnetic detection method with the plane arrangement, and the steps are as follows:

1) starting a system control and data processing unit, starting a system operation unit program and logging in a system;

2) the couch assembly is moved to an initial position outside the shielding cylinder and the probe carrier is aligned to the initial position as shown in figure 2B. The couch assembly is adjusted to the dosimeter position 4 (i.e. the most intermediate dosimeter position).

3) The tested person lies on the upper layer bed board horizontally, and the position of the human body is adjusted to enable the human body to be close to one end of the shielding cylinder in the Y-axis direction of the upper layer bed board and the head of the human body to be close to the X-axis direction of the upper layer bed board. Fixing the electrodes of the double-lead-connection electrocardio module at the positions of wrists and ankles of a human body;

4) moving the probe bracket along the X direction to enable the probe to be positioned above the heart of the human body; turning on the laser of the laser positioning device, adjusting the probe bracket to enable the rectangular area indicated by the laser to cover the heart magnetic field detection area of the human body (the heart position is approximately arranged at the center of the rectangular area, and the operation of a person with certain medical knowledge is needed); adjusting the probe bracket to a proper height position along the Z direction to enable the probe bracket to be approximately 10mm away from the human body part in the whole measurement process; then X, Z two positions of the probe bracket are locked;

5) the double-layer examining table, the probe bracket and the tested person are pushed into the shielding cylinder along the X direction to a measuring position, as shown in figure 2A;

6) starting a measuring program in a system operation unit program, initializing a sensor to a working state, and then collecting data of a measuring quantum position 4;

7) moving an upper bed plate of the double-layer examination bed, and sequentially moving the human body position to the measurement sub-positions 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7 and the like to complete data acquisition of all the sub-positions;

8) the system control and data processing unit automatically processes and analyzes data in the background, and the time for completing data processing is not more than 10 s. The user can view the processing and analysis results at the system operation unit.

In another embodiment, the first magnetic sensor probe and the second magnetic sensor probe are arranged in a three-dimensional space, and the human heart biomagnetic detection system comprises:

1) a set of atomic magnetic sensor group comprises 10 atomic magnetic sensors. As shown in fig. 4, the probes of 49 atomic magnetic sensors (second magnetic sensor probes 42) are uniformly arranged on the probe holder in a 7 × 7 measurement point array, the distance between the centers of adjacent probes is 3.5cm, and the probes are used for receiving magnetocardiogram and biomagnetic field signals of a human body to be detected, and a detection plane formed by the second magnetic sensor probes covers the whole region of the human body heart to be detected; and 4 atomic magnetic sensor probes (a first magnetic sensor probe 41) are arranged on the upper part of the probe bracket and are at least 10cm away from the detection surface. The controller of the atomic magnetic sensor is arranged in a system cabinet and is connected with the sensor probe through a sensor cable.

2) The main body of the electrocardio module is arranged in a system cabinet, and the electrocardio electrode is placed on an inspection bed component of the supporting and positioning device for standby. The electrocardio-electrode is connected with the electrocardio-module main body through a cable.

3) The magnetic shielding cylinder consists of four layers of permalloy cylindrical cylinders and an aluminum alloy cylindrical shell with the thickness of 10mm, and has the inner diameter phi of 850mm, the outer diameter phi of 1000 mm and the length of 2 m. One end of the shielding cylinder is closed by four permalloy covers and one aluminum alloy cover, and the other end is open.

4) A set of supporting and positioning mechanical device comprises a probe bracket, an inspection bed assembly and a base, wherein the probe bracket is provided with a rectangular laser positioning device.

5) The system control and data processing unit comprises a data sensor control module, a system control module, a data acquisition and processing module, a data communication module and a power supply module; the sensor control module, the system control module and the data acquisition and processing module comprise respective control programs.

6) And the system operation unit consists of a computer and software running on the computer.

The probe adopts the human heart biomagnetic detection method with the spatial arrangement, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) starting a system control and data processing unit, starting a system operation unit program and logging in a system;

2) the couch assembly is moved to an initial position outside the shielding cylinder and the probe carrier is aligned to the initial position as shown in figure 2B.

3) The tested person lies on the upper layer bed board horizontally, and the position of the human body is adjusted to enable the human body to be close to one end of the shielding cylinder in the Y-axis direction of the upper layer bed board and the head of the human body to be close to the X-axis direction of the upper layer bed board. Fixing the electrodes of the double-lead-connection electrocardio module at the positions of wrists and ankles of a human body;

4) moving the probe bracket along the X direction to enable the probe to be positioned above the heart of the human body; turning on the laser of the laser positioning device, adjusting the probe bracket to enable the rectangular area indicated by the laser to cover the heart magnetic field detection area of the human body (the heart position is approximately arranged at the center of the rectangular area, and the operation of a person with certain medical knowledge is needed); adjusting the probe bracket to a proper height position along the Z direction to enable the probe bracket to be approximately 10mm away from the human body part in the whole measurement process; then X, Z two positions of the probe bracket are locked;

5) the double-layer examining table, the probe bracket and the tested person are pushed into the shielding cylinder along the X direction to a measuring position, as shown in figure 2A;

9) starting a measuring program in a system operation unit program, initializing a sensor to a working state, and then acquiring data of each measuring point in a detection plane at one time;

10) the system control and data processing unit automatically processes and analyzes data in the background, and the time for completing data processing is not more than 10 s. The user can view the processing and analysis results at the system operation unit.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "one implementation," "a specific implementation," "other implementations," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment, implementation, or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described above may also be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments, examples, or examples. The invention also includes any one or more of the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described above, taken alone or in combination.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, variations, deletions, additions or rearrangements of features and elements within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.