阅读说明：本技术 一种铝合金板材及其制备方法 (Aluminum alloy plate and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张宗权 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种铝合金板材,包括：中间层；包覆在所述中间层上下表面的包覆层；所述包覆层包括合金化元素含量＜2.5wt％的铝合金；所述中间层包括Al-Cu系铝合金和/或Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系铝合金。本发明提供的铝合金板材用于航空、航天、交通运输等领域使用的固溶强化状态的铝合金板材,本发明提供的铝合金板材包覆层晶粒度低于2级。本发明还提供了一种铝合金板材的制备方法。(The invention provides an aluminum alloy plate, which comprises: an intermediate layer; coating layers coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer; the coating layer comprises an aluminum alloy with the alloying element content less than 2.5 wt%; the intermediate layer includes an Al-Cu series aluminum alloy and/or an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy plate provided by the invention is used for solid solution strengthening aluminum alloy plates used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, transportation and the like, and the grain size of the coating layer of the aluminum alloy plate provided by the invention is lower than 2 grade. The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate.)

1. An aluminum alloy sheet comprising:

an intermediate layer comprising an Al-Cu-based aluminum alloy and/or an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-based aluminum alloy;

and the coating layers are coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer and comprise aluminum alloy with the alloying element mass content less than 2.5 wt%.

2. Aluminium alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the aluminium alloy in the cladding with an alloying element mass content of < 2.5 wt.% is a 1230 aluminium alloy or a 7072 aluminium alloy.

3. A method of making the aluminum alloy sheet of claim 1, comprising:

placing the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum alloy square ingot of the middle layer, heating and preserving heat;

placing the heat-insulated product, and then rolling and welding the coating layer aluminum alloy plate and the middle layer aluminum alloy plate to obtain a rolled product;

and carrying out solution treatment on the rolled product to obtain the aluminum alloy plate.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the heating temperature is 350 to 450 ℃.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the incubation time is 2 to 300 minutes.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the placing is 20 to 100 ℃.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the environment of placement is an air environment.

8. The method according to claim 3, wherein the standing time is 5 to 60 minutes.

9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the rolling temperature is 200-450 ℃.

10. The method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the solution treatment is 450 to 550 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy plate and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Aluminum alloy plates in a solid solution strengthening state are adopted in the aluminum alloy plates used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, transportation and the like, but in the prior art, a coating layer of the aluminum alloy plate in the solid solution strengthening state is easy to form coarse grains, so that the surface orange peel defect is easy to generate in the processing and using processes of the aluminum alloy plates in the solid solution strengthening state, and the service performance of the material is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy plate and a method for manufacturing the same.

The invention provides an aluminum alloy plate, which comprises:

an intermediate layer comprising an Al-Cu-based aluminum alloy and/or an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-based aluminum alloy;

and the coating layers are coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer and comprise aluminum alloy with the alloying element mass content less than 2.5 wt%.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy with the alloying element mass content of less than 2.5 wt% in the coating layer is 1230 aluminum alloy or 7072 aluminum alloy.

The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy plate in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:

placing the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum alloy square ingot of the middle layer, heating and preserving heat;

placing the product after heat preservation, and then rolling and welding the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer and the aluminum alloy plate of the middle layer to obtain a rolled product;

and carrying out solution treatment on the rolled product to obtain the aluminum alloy plate.

Preferably, the heating temperature is 350-450 ℃.

Preferably, the heat preservation time is 2-300 minutes.

Preferably, the temperature of the placing is 20-100 ℃.

Preferably, the environment in which the device is placed is an air environment.

Preferably, the standing time is 5-60 minutes.

Preferably, the rolling temperature is 200-450 ℃.

Preferably, the temperature of the solution treatment is 450-550 ℃.

According to the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate, the prepared aluminum alloy plate has good thermoplasticity in the heating process, a grain structure is formed in the rolling process, the grain structure is uniform and fine, the deformation energy storage is large, and the coating layer is recrystallized to form an equiaxial fine grain structure in the solution treatment process; the aluminum alloy plate prepared by the invention has better performance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a macroscopic structure of an unheated clad aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a high magnification structure of a clad aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention when it is not heated;

FIG. 3 shows the macrostructure of a coated aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention after heating;

FIG. 4 shows a high magnification microstructure of a coated aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention after heating;

FIG. 5 shows the microstructure of the rolled clad aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a high magnification microstructure of a rolled clad aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows the macrostructure of a clad aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention after solution treatment;

FIG. 8 shows a high magnification microstructure of a coated aluminum alloy sheet in example 1 of the present invention after solution treatment.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other examples, which may be modified or appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the examples given herein, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are only for illustrating the technical effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the examples, the methods used were all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

The invention provides an aluminum alloy plate, which comprises:

an intermediate layer comprising an Al-Cu-based aluminum alloy and/or an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-based aluminum alloy;

and the coating layers are coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the middle layer and comprise aluminum alloy with the alloying element mass content less than 2.5 wt%.

In the invention, the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably 0.5-10.5 mm, more preferably 1-10 mm, more preferably 2-8 mm, more preferably 3-6 mm, and most preferably 4-5 mm.

In the present invention, the mass content of Cu in the Al — Cu-based aluminum alloy is preferably 1 to 7%, more preferably 2 to 6%, more preferably 3 to 5%, and most preferably 4%.

The Al-Cu aluminum alloy of the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of its composition, and those known to those skilled in the art can be used.

In the present invention, the mass content of Zn in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy is preferably 0.5 to 10%, more preferably 1 to 9%, more preferably 2 to 8%, more preferably 3 to 6%, and most preferably 4 to 5%.

The Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy of the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of its composition, and those known to those skilled in the art can be used.

In the invention, the thickness of the coating layer is preferably 0.02-0.25 mm, more preferably 0.05-0.2 mm, and more preferably 0.1-0.15 mm. In the present invention, the thickness of the coating layer covering the upper surface of the intermediate layer may be the same as or different from the thickness of the coating layer covering the lower surface of the intermediate layer.

In the present invention, the aluminum alloy having an alloying element mass content of < 2.5 wt% in the clad layer preferably comprises 1230 aluminum alloy or 7072 aluminum alloy.

In the present invention, the grain size of the coating layer is preferably below grade 2, more preferably grade 1, and the grain size series is determined according to GB/T3246 "texture inspection method for wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy products part 1: microscopic Structure examination methods standard evaluation.

The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy plate in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:

placing the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum alloy square ingot of the middle layer, heating and preserving heat;

placing the heat-insulated product, welding the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer and the aluminum alloy plate of the middle layer, and rolling to obtain a rolled product;

and carrying out solution treatment on the rolled product to obtain the aluminum alloy plate.

In the invention, the components of the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer are consistent with those of the coating layer in the technical scheme; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer is preferably 5-30 mm, more preferably 10-25 mm, and most preferably 15-20 mm; in the invention, the thickness of the coating aluminum alloy plate coating the upper surface of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy plate can be the same as or different from that of the coating aluminum alloy plate coating the lower surface of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy plate.

In the invention, the components of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot are consistent with those of the intermediate layer in the technical scheme; the size of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot is preferably 200-500 mm (side length), more preferably 250-450 mm, more preferably 300-400 mm, and most preferably 350 mm.

In the invention, the heating temperature is preferably 350-450 ℃, more preferably 380-420 ℃, and most preferably 400 ℃.

In the present invention, the heat-preserving time is preferably 2 to 300 minutes, more preferably 10 to 250 minutes, more preferably 50 to 200 minutes, and most preferably 100 to 150 minutes.

In the invention, the temperature of the placing is preferably 20-100 ℃, more preferably 30-80 ℃, and most preferably 40-60 ℃; the environment in which the placement is performed is preferably an air environment; the standing time is preferably 5 to 60 minutes, more preferably 10 to 40 minutes, and most preferably 20 to 30 minutes.

In the invention, the rolling welding is to weld the aluminum alloy of the coating layer and the aluminum alloy of the middle layer under the action of rolling pressure.

In the invention, the rolling temperature is preferably 200-450 ℃, more preferably 350-450 ℃, more preferably 300-400 ℃ and most preferably 350 ℃.

In the invention, the temperature of the solution treatment is preferably 450-550 ℃, more preferably 480-520 ℃, and most preferably 500 ℃; the time for the solution treatment is preferably 2 to 180 minutes, more preferably 5 to 150 minutes, more preferably 10 to 120 minutes, more preferably 30 to 100 minutes, more preferably 50 to 80 minutes, and most preferably 60 to 70 minutes.

According to the method provided by the invention, the aluminum plates (upper and lower) of the coating layer and the aluminum alloy square cast ingot (middle) of the base material are overlapped and heated to the thermoplastic deformation temperature of the base material, and the aluminum plates have good thermoplasticity; taking the overlapped and heated aluminum plates (upper and lower) of the coating layer and the aluminum alloy square ingot (middle) of the base material out of the furnace, placing for 5-60 minutes in an air environment at 20-100 ℃, controlling the temperature of the heated aluminum plates for coating at 200-450 ℃, welding and rolling the materials together to the thickness of a finished product, wherein the coating layer of the hot-rolled aluminum alloy plate has a grain structure; the aluminum clad plate which is welded and rolled to the thickness of a finished product is subjected to solution treatment at the high-temperature solution temperature of the base material, the rolling structure is controlled to be uniform and fine and the deformation energy storage is large in the process due to the coating layer, and the coating layer is recrystallized to form an equiaxial fine grain structure in the high-temperature solution treatment process. The aluminum alloy plate prepared by the method provided by the invention has better performance.

The starting materials used in the following examples of the present invention are all commercially available products.

Example 1

Placing the aluminum alloy plate of the coating layer on the upper surface and the lower surface of the aluminum alloy square ingot of the middle layer for heating and heat preservation; the thickness of the coating aluminum alloy plate coating the upper surface of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot is 20mm, and the composition of the coating aluminum alloy plate is 1230 aluminum alloy; the thickness of the coating aluminum alloy plate for coating the lower surface of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot is 25mm, and the composition of the coating aluminum alloy plate is 1230 aluminum alloy; the size of the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot is 300mm (side length), and the components are Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy with Zn content of 0.5-10.0 wt%; the heating temperature is 350 ℃, and the holding time is 300 minutes.

Placing the product after heat preservation in an air environment at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 100 minutes; rolling and welding the coating layer aluminum alloy plate and the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot, wherein air between the coating layer aluminum alloy plate and the intermediate layer aluminum alloy square ingot is discharged by rolling and closely adhered to each other; the rolling temperature is 300 ℃, and the rolling is repeated for multiple times in the rolling process to obtain a rolled product.

And carrying out solid solution treatment on the rolled product at the temperature of 450 ℃ for 100 minutes to obtain the aluminum alloy plate.

According to GB/T3246 & lt methods for inspecting structures of wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy products, part 1: in the standard of microstructure inspection method, metallographic structure detection is performed on the upper coating layer in the process of preparing the aluminum alloy plate in the embodiment 1 of the invention, and the detection results are shown in figures 1 to 8, FIG. 1 is a macroscopic structure of an upper cladding layer when an aluminum alloy sheet is not heated, FIG. 2 is a macroscopic structure of the upper cladding layer when the aluminum alloy sheet is not heated, FIG. 3 is a macrostructure of an upper cladding layer after the aluminum alloy sheet is heated, FIG. 4 is a macrostructure of the upper cladding layer after the aluminum alloy sheet is heated, FIG. 5 shows a microstructure of an upper clad layer after rolling an aluminum alloy sheet, FIG. 6 shows a microstructure of an upper clad layer after rolling an aluminum alloy sheet, FIG. 7 shows the microstructure of the upper cladding layer after the solution treatment of the aluminum alloy sheet, and FIG. 8 shows the microstructure of the upper cladding layer after the solution treatment of the aluminum alloy sheet, and it can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 8 that the grain size of the cladding layer of the aluminum alloy sheet produced in example 1 of the present invention is not more than 2 grades.

According to the preparation method of the aluminum alloy plate, the prepared aluminum alloy plate has good thermoplasticity in the heating process, a grain structure is formed in the rolling process, the grain structure is uniform and fine, the deformation energy storage is large, and the coating layer is recrystallized to form an equiaxial fine grain structure in the solution treatment process; the aluminum alloy plate prepared by the invention has better performance.

While the above-mentioned method for producing an aluminum-clad fine-grained solid-solution strengthened aluminum alloy plate provided by the present invention has been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the concepts of the embodiments of the present invention may be modified in the aspects of specific embodiments and applications. While only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.