阅读说明：本技术 一种抑杀植物致病真菌的植物精油纯露及其制备方法 (Plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and preparation method thereof ) 是由 蒋孟圆 胡琳 李文廷 黄相中 陈毅坚 高雪梅 李干鹏 于 2021-01-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于植物保护领域,尤其是一种抑杀植物致病真菌的植物精油纯露及其制备方法,解决了现有技术存在的抑菌农药残留,制备工艺复杂,制备周期长,生产成本高的问题,所述一种抑杀植物致病真菌的植物精油纯露及其制备方法包括以下重量百分比的原料：植物精油5-10%,增溶剂1-3%,植物油乳化剂EL7-9%,溶剂50-60%,大黄片25-30%,pH调节剂0.5-1%；所述一种抑杀植物致病真菌的植物精油纯露及其制备方法的生产工艺包括以下步骤：S1、原料准备；S2、大黄水提液制备；S3、油相混合；S4、均质。本发明制备的抑杀植物致病真菌的植物精油纯露性价比高,生物降解能力好,稳定性好,无毒害,保证了蔬菜能够健康食用,生产周期短,适用于多种生产条件。(The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of bacteriostatic pesticide residue, complex preparation process, long preparation period and high production cost in the prior art, wherein the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof comprise the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb tablet and 0.5-1% of pH regulator; the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the production process of the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps: s1, preparing raw materials; s2, preparing a rhubarb water extract; s3, mixing oil phase; s4, homogenizing. The plant essential oil for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi prepared by the invention has high pure dew cost ratio, good biodegradability, good stability and no toxicity, ensures that the vegetables can be eaten healthily, has short production period and is suitable for various production conditions.)

1. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following raw materials by weight percent: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

2. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant essential oil hydrolat comprises 7.5% of plant essential oil, 2% of solubilizer, plant oil emulsifier EL8%, 55% of solvent, 27.5% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

3. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant essential oil comprises 8% of plant essential oil, 2.5% of solubilizer, 2.5% of plant oil emulsifier EL8%, 53% of solvent, 28.5% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

4. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant essential oil hydrolat comprises 6% of plant essential oil, 1.5% of solubilizer, 7.5% of plant oil emulsifier EL, 58% of solvent, 27% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

5. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent is PEG hydrogenated castor oil.

6. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 5, wherein the plant essential oil is any one of wintergreen oil, magnolia xanthioides essential oil or mint essential oil.

7. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent is distilled water, and the pH regulator is citric acid solution.

8. A plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a production process of a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials: the weight percentages are as follows: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator, wherein the solubilizer needs to be filled into a brown bottle for standby;

s2, preparing a rhubarb water extract: crushing the rhubarb slices by using an aseptic crusher, sieving to obtain rhubarb slice powder, adding the rhubarb slice powder into a solvent, sealing and soaking for 2-3 hours, putting the solvent into a water bath with the constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, taking out the solvent, cooling the solvent, centrifuging for 20 minutes, removing impurities, and leaving supernatant to obtain a rhubarb water extract for later use;

s3, oil phase mixing: uniformly mixing the plant essential oil weighed in the step S1, the plant essential oil emulsifier EL and the solubilizer to obtain an oil phase;

s4, homogenizing: and (3) dropwise adding the oil phase into the rhubarb water extract, carrying out high-speed shearing to obtain a coarse emulsion, homogenizing the coarse emulsion for 3-4 times by using a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7, and inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the centrifugation rate in step S2 is 1800-2000 r/min.

10. The plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the production process for the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 8, wherein the high shear rate in the step S4 is 10000rpm/min, and the pressure of the high pressure homogenizer in the step S4 is 8000 pis.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plant protection, in particular to plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The crop is damaged by pests every year around the world, so that the yield of grains is reduced by 20-40%, and the economic loss caused by the damage reaches 1200 billion dollars. In order to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, chemical pesticides are used for a long time in the agriculture and forestry production to control the large occurrence of the plant diseases and insect pests, so that the loss of the agriculture and forestry is reduced, but the chemical pesticides have a series of serious problems of insurmountable environmental pollution, pesticide poisoning, pest resistance and the like. The annual usage amount of pesticides in China is reported to be 80-100 ten thousand tons and is the first in the world. In recent years, the chemical pesticide used for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests of crops and the like accounts for more than 90 percent, and in the pesticide application process, animals and plants such as human beings, crops, livestock and poultry, aquatic products and the like are likely to be polluted by the pesticide for many times, and the pesticide poisoning phenomenon existing in grains and vegetables is generated sometimes, so that the safety problem of the pesticide is directly related to the body health of people.

Plant mycosis, disease caused by plant pathogenic fungi. The plant disease accounts for about 70-80%. Several or even dozens of fungal diseases can be found on one crop. The plant pathogenic fungi are required to infect a host to cause pathogenicity to the host, and firstly, the plant pathogenic fungi can be smoothly adsorbed on the host surface to generate interaction with host cells. Most of the current inhibiting and killing means for plant fungi in the market are pesticide spraying, the pesticide toxicity is high, the inhibiting and killing means is easy to remain on vegetables and is not beneficial to long-term eating of people and animals, and the existing plant fungi inhibiting and killing agent has the advantages of complex preparation process, long preparation period, high production cost and is not beneficial to batch production.

Based on the statement, the invention provides plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the bacteriostatic pesticide in the prior art is not beneficial to long-term eating of people and animals, and the existing plant fungus inhibiting and killing medicament has complex preparation process, longer preparation period, higher production cost and is not beneficial to batch production, and provides plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof.

A plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof comprise the following raw materials by weight percent: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

Preferably, the plant essential oil comprises 7.5% of plant essential oil, 2% of solubilizer, 2% of plant oil emulsifier EL8%, 55% of solvent, 27.5% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

Preferably, 8% of plant essential oil, 2.5% of a solubilizer, 2.5% of a plant oil emulsifier EL8%, 53% of a solvent, 28.5% of a rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of a pH regulator.

Preferably, the plant essential oil comprises 6% of plant essential oil, 1.5% of solubilizer, 7.5% of plant oil emulsifier EL, 58% of solvent, 27% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

Preferably, the solvent is PEG hydrogenated castor oil.

Preferably, the plant essential oil is any one of wintergreen oil, magnolia sieboldii essential oil or mint essential oil.

Preferably, the solvent is distilled water, and the pH regulator is a citric acid solution.

The invention also provides plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a production process of the preparation method thereof, and the production process comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials: the weight percentages are as follows: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator, wherein the solubilizer needs to be filled into a brown bottle for standby;

s2, preparing a rhubarb water extract: crushing the rhubarb slices by using an aseptic crusher, sieving to obtain rhubarb slice powder, adding the rhubarb slice powder into a solvent, sealing and soaking for 2-3 hours, putting the solvent into a water bath with the constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, taking out the solvent, cooling the solvent, centrifuging for 20 minutes, removing impurities, and leaving supernatant to obtain a rhubarb water extract for later use;

s3, oil phase mixing: uniformly mixing the plant essential oil weighed in the step S1, the plant essential oil emulsifier EL and the solubilizer to obtain an oil phase;

s4, homogenizing: and (3) dropwise adding the oil phase into the rhubarb water extract, carrying out high-speed shearing to obtain a coarse emulsion, homogenizing the coarse emulsion for 3-4 times by using a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7, and inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi.

Preferably, the centrifugation rate in the step S2 is 1800-.

Preferably, the high-speed shearing rate in the step S4 is 10000rpm/min, and the pressure of the high-pressure homogenizer in the step S4 is 8000 pis.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof effectively solve the control of agricultural fungal diseases so as to meet the cultivation and planting of organic vegetables and green vegetables, improve the health rate and annual yield of plants, solve the problem of insect damage of farmers to plant vegetables and increase the agricultural income;

2. according to the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof, the prepared plant essential oil hydrolat can be used for directly spraying or soaking spores on plants, the using method is convenient and quick, meanwhile, the plant essential oil hydrolat is convenient to store, high in cost performance, good in biodegradation capacity, good in stability and non-toxic, and the vegetables can be guaranteed to be healthily eaten;

3. according to the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof, the prepared plant essential oil hydrolat has good inhibition effects on fusarium, downy mildew, floral leaf germs, black and white germs and the like, has good spore germination and bud sac germination effects, and is beneficial to normal growth of plants;

4. according to the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the production process of the preparation method thereof, the used preparation tools and machines are common in the market, the raw materials are rich in source, the price is lower, the production period is short, and the plant essential oil hydrolat is suitable for various production conditions.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.

Example one

The invention provides plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant essential oil hydrolat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 7.5% of plant essential oil, 2% of solubilizer, 2% of plant oil emulsifier EL8%, 55% of solvent, 27.5% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

The production process comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials: the weight percentages are as follows: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator, wherein the solubilizer needs to be filled into a brown bottle for standby;

s2, preparing a rhubarb water extract: crushing the rhubarb slices by using an aseptic crusher, sieving to obtain rhubarb slice powder, adding the rhubarb slice powder into a solvent, sealing and soaking for 2-3 hours, putting the solvent into a water bath with the constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, taking out the solvent, cooling the solvent, centrifuging for 20 minutes, removing impurities, and leaving supernatant to obtain a rhubarb water extract for later use;

s3, oil phase mixing: uniformly mixing the plant essential oil weighed in the step S1, the plant essential oil emulsifier EL and the solubilizer to obtain an oil phase;

s4, homogenizing: and (3) dropwise adding the oil phase into the rhubarb water extract, carrying out high-speed shearing to obtain a coarse emulsion, homogenizing the coarse emulsion for 3-4 times by using a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7, and inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi.

In the invention, the solvent is PEG hydrogenated castor oil, the plant essential oil is any one of wintergreen oil, yellow magnolia essential oil or mint essential oil, the solvent is distilled water, the pH regulator is citric acid solution, the centrifugation rate in the step S2 is 1800-2000r/min, the high-speed shearing rate in the step S4 is 10000rpm/min, and the pressure of the high-pressure homogenizer in the step S4 is 8000 pis.

Example two

The invention provides plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant essential oil hydrolat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8% of plant essential oil, 2.5% of solubilizer, 2.5% of plant oil emulsifier EL8%, 53% of solvent, 28.5% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

The production process comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials: the weight percentages are as follows: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator, wherein the solubilizer needs to be filled into a brown bottle for standby;

s2, preparing a rhubarb water extract: crushing the rhubarb slices by using an aseptic crusher, sieving to obtain rhubarb slice powder, adding the rhubarb slice powder into a solvent, sealing and soaking for 2-3 hours, putting the solvent into a water bath with the constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, taking out the solvent, cooling the solvent, centrifuging for 20 minutes, removing impurities, and leaving supernatant to obtain a rhubarb water extract for later use;

s3, oil phase mixing: uniformly mixing the plant essential oil weighed in the step S1, the plant essential oil emulsifier EL and the solubilizer to obtain an oil phase;

s4, homogenizing: and (3) dropwise adding the oil phase into the rhubarb water extract, carrying out high-speed shearing to obtain a coarse emulsion, homogenizing the coarse emulsion for 3-4 times by using a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7, and inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi.

In the invention, the solvent is PEG hydrogenated castor oil, the plant essential oil is any one of wintergreen oil, yellow magnolia essential oil or mint essential oil, the solvent is distilled water, the pH regulator is citric acid solution, the centrifugation rate in the step S2 is 1800-2000r/min, the high-speed shearing rate in the step S4 is 10000rpm/min, and the pressure of the high-pressure homogenizer in the step S4 is 8000 pis.

EXAMPLE III

The invention provides plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant essential oil hydrolat comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 6% of plant essential oil, 1.5% of solubilizer, 7.5% of plant oil emulsifier EL, 58% of solvent, 27% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator.

The production process comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing raw materials: the weight percentages are as follows: 5-10% of plant essential oil, 1-3% of solubilizer, 78-9% of plant oil emulsifier EL7, 50-60% of solvent, 25-30% of rhubarb slice and 0.5-1% of pH regulator, wherein the solubilizer needs to be filled into a brown bottle for standby;

s2, preparing a rhubarb water extract: crushing the rhubarb slices by using an aseptic crusher, sieving to obtain rhubarb slice powder, adding the rhubarb slice powder into a solvent, sealing and soaking for 2-3 hours, putting the solvent into a water bath with the constant temperature of 100 ℃ for 30-45 minutes, taking out the solvent, cooling the solvent, centrifuging for 20 minutes, removing impurities, and leaving supernatant to obtain a rhubarb water extract for later use;

s3, oil phase mixing: uniformly mixing the plant essential oil weighed in the step S1, the plant essential oil emulsifier EL and the solubilizer to obtain an oil phase;

s4, homogenizing: and (3) dropwise adding the oil phase into the rhubarb water extract, carrying out high-speed shearing to obtain a coarse emulsion, homogenizing the coarse emulsion for 3-4 times by using a high-pressure homogenizer, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7, and inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi.

In the invention, the solvent is PEG hydrogenated castor oil, the plant essential oil is any one of wintergreen oil, yellow magnolia essential oil or mint essential oil, the solvent is distilled water, the pH regulator is citric acid solution, the centrifugation rate in the step S2 is 1800-2000r/min, the high-speed shearing rate in the step S4 is 10000rpm/min, and the pressure of the high-pressure homogenizer in the step S4 is 8000 pis.

Experiment of

1) Examples A, B and C, respectively, of the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the experiments on inhibition of downy mildew bacteria using the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi on the market

Randomly selecting 80 downy mildew pathogenic strain spores, dividing the downy mildew pathogenic strain spores into 4 groups, respectively soaking 20 strains in plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi of one group, two groups and three groups of commercial groups of the embodiment, respectively placing the embodiment group and the commercial groups into the same biological incubator for constant-temperature culture, respectively detecting the inhibition rate of the downy mildew pathogenic fungi in 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h and 28h of the initial culture, and the experimental result is shown in table 1.

Table 1:

time/h	Average inhibition of example one	Average inhibition of example two	Average inhibition ratio of example three	Average inhibition rate on the market
					4	100%	100%	100%	100%
8	100%	100%	100%	93.50%
					12	98.40%	99.10%	98.50%	83.30%
24	97.80%	98.10%	97.70%	64%
					48	97.10%	97.50%	97%	43.50%
Overall average inhibition/%)	98.66	98.94	98.66	76.9

As can be seen from Table 1, the total average inhibition rate of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the example group on the spores of the downy mildew pathogenic strains is more than 98%, while the total average inhibition rate of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the market on the spores of the downy mildew pathogenic strains is only 76.9%, and at 4h and 8h, the inhibition rate of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the example group on the spores of the downy mildew pathogenic strains is 100%, while the inhibition rate of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the market on the spores of the downy mildew pathogenic strains is 100% and 93.5%, respectively.

2) Examples A, B and C, respectively, of the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing phytopathogenic fungi prepared in the first, second and third examples and the inhibition experiment of fusarium carried out by the plant essential oil hydrolat on the market

Randomly selecting 80 fusarium spores, dividing the fusarium spores into 4 groups, respectively soaking 20 fusarium spores in plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi of one, two and three combined commercial groups in an embodiment, respectively placing the embodiment group and the commercial groups in the same biological incubator for constant-temperature culture, respectively detecting the inhibition rate of fusarium in 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h and 28h of the initial culture, wherein the experimental results are shown in table 2.

Table 2:

time/h	Example A set of average inhibition rates	Example two groups of average inhibition rates	Example three groups of average inhibition	Average inhibition ratio of commercial group
					4	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	92.40%
8	99.10%	99.05%	98.90%	83.50%
					12	98.40%	98.10%	98.50%	75.30%
24	95.90%	95.30%	95.70%	54.30%
					48	95.05%	95.10%	95.10%	35.80%
Overall average inhibition/%)	97.69%	97.51%	97.64%	68.26%

As can be seen from Table 2, the total average inhibition rate of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the example group on the spores of fusarium is more than 97%, while the total average inhibition rate of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the market on the spores of the fusarium is only 68.26%, and the inhibition rates of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the example group on the spores of the downy mildew are more than 100% and 98.9%, respectively, at 4h and 8h, while the inhibition rates of the plant essential oil hydroluses for inhibiting and killing the plant pathogenic fungi of the market on the spores of the fusarium are 92.4% and 83.5%, respectively.

In conclusion, the plant essential oil hydrolat for inhibiting and killing plant pathogenic fungi and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the prepared plant essential oil hydrolat effectively prevents and controls agricultural fungal diseases so as to meet the cultivation and planting of organic vegetables and green vegetables, the health rate and the annual yield of the plants are improved, the insect pest problem of peasants for planting the vegetables is solved, the agricultural income is increased, spores can be directly sprayed or soaked on the plants, the use method is convenient and quick, meanwhile, the plant essential oil hydrolat is convenient to store, the cost performance is high, the biodegradability is good, the stability is good, the plant essential oil hydrolat is nontoxic, the vegetables can be healthily eaten, the prepared plant essential oil hydrolat has good inhibition effects on fusarium, downy mildew, floral leaf germs, black and white germs and the like, the germination effect of spore germination is good, and the normal growth of the plants is facilitated; the production process is simple, the used preparation tools and machines are common in the market, the raw materials are rich in sources, the price is low, the production period is short, and the method is suitable for various production conditions.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.