阅读说明：本技术 一种提高小麦抗盐碱性的复合壳寡糖制剂及其制备方法 (Compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat and preparation method thereof ) 是由 苏华山 顾毅 苏同兴 康子凡 康胜利 于 2021-07-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于农作物种植技术领域,特别涉及一种提高小麦抗盐碱性的复合壳寡糖制剂及其制备方法。该提高小麦抗盐碱性的复合壳寡糖制剂,主要由以下重量份数的原料制成：硫酸铜35-40份、硫酸锌40-42份、壳寡糖0.5-1份、偶联剂0.1-0.3份、阳离子淀粉10-15份。本发明原料易得,制备工艺成熟,可提高小麦抗盐碱性,促进小麦生长,且成本低廉,适合推广应用。(The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat and a preparation method thereof. The compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of copper sulfate, 40-42 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.1-0.3 part of coupling agent and 10-15 parts of cationic starch. The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, mature preparation process, low cost and suitability for popularization and application, and can improve the saline-alkali resistance of wheat and promote the growth of the wheat.)

1. A compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of copper sulfate, 40-42 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.1-0.3 part of coupling agent and 10-15 parts of cationic starch.

2. The compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat as claimed in claim 1, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37.5 parts of copper sulfate, 41 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.7 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2 part of coupling agent and 12.5 parts of cationic starch.

3. The method for preparing the complex chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing copper sulfate and zinc sulfate, and grinding to obtain a material A; (2) uniformly mixing chitosan oligosaccharide, a coupling agent and cationic starch in a mixer to obtain a material B; (3) feeding the material A and the material B into a ball mill for ball milling for 10-20 minutes, and then sieving to obtain a material C; (4) and (4) feeding the material C into a mixer to be mixed for 30-40 minutes to obtain a finished product.

4. The preparation method of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the fineness of the material A is 100-120 meshes.

5. The preparation method of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the screen mesh is 100 meshes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Salinization of soil refers to a process in which salt in the bottom layer of soil or underground water rises to the ground surface along with capillary water, and salt is accumulated in surface soil after water is evaporated. The saline-alkali soil in China has wide distribution range, large area and more types, and the total area is about 1 hundred million hectares. The salt in the saline-alkali soil mainly comprises sulfate, chloride, carbonate and bicarbonate of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like; sulfates and chlorides are generally neutral salts, and carbonates and bicarbonates are basic salts.

Most crops grow poorly in saline-alkali soil, the saline-alkali resistance of the crops is improved by adopting a breeding method in the prior art, but the breeding cost is high, and the breeding result cannot be effectively ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the cost for improving the saline-alkali resistance of crops by adopting a breeding method is high and the breeding result cannot be ensured in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of copper sulfate, 40-42 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.1-0.3 part of coupling agent and 10-15 parts of cationic starch.

The preferable weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:

37.5 parts of copper sulfate, 41 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.7 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2 part of coupling agent and 12.5 parts of cationic starch.

The compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat takes copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, chitosan oligosaccharide and cationic starch as main raw materials, and absorbs common neutral salt and alkaline salt in saline-alkali soil in a targeted manner, so that the saline-alkali resistance of wheat is effectively improved, and the cost is low; the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat can also supplement copper and zinc elements in soil, thereby promoting the growth of wheat.

In the invention, the copper sulfate and the zinc sulfate can provide copper and zinc elements required by wheat growth, and simultaneously, the copper sulfate and the zinc sulfate can also react with partial alkaline salt in the saline-alkali soil to form insoluble matters, thereby fixing the partial alkaline salt.

The chitosan oligosaccharide can change the structure of soil flora and promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms; the chitosan oligosaccharide can also induce plants to generate disease resistance, has an inhibiting effect on various viruses, bacteria and fungi, and has a good control effect on diseases such as wheat mosaic disease and the like.

The cationic starch is a product with positive charges, which is prepared by the reaction of starch and a cationic reagent under certain conditions; cationic starch can adsorb negatively charged substances in soil.

The coupling agent is used for coupling the chitosan oligosaccharide and the cationic starch, so that the chitosan oligosaccharide modified cationic starch is formed, and leaching loss of the chitosan oligosaccharide is prevented.

The preparation method of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat comprises the following steps: (1) mixing copper sulfate and zinc sulfate, and grinding to obtain a material A; (2) uniformly mixing chitosan oligosaccharide, a coupling agent and cationic starch in a mixer to obtain a material B; (3) feeding the material A and the material B into a ball mill for ball milling for 10-20 minutes, and then sieving to obtain a material C; (4) and (4) feeding the material C into a mixer to be mixed for 30-40 minutes to obtain a finished product.

Preferably, in the step (1), the fineness of the material A is 100-120 meshes.

Preferably, in step (3), the screen is 100 mesh.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat is prepared from copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, chitosan oligosaccharide, a coupling agent and cationic starch. Copper sulfate and zinc sulfate in the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat can react with carbonate and bicarbonate in saline-alkali soil to form insoluble substances, so that the alkaline salts are fixed and prevented from being absorbed by the wheat; copper sulfate and zinc sulfate can also provide copper and zinc elements required by wheat growth. The chitosan oligosaccharide and the cationic starch form chitosan oligosaccharide modified cationic starch under the action of the coupling agent, so that the leaching loss of the chitosan oligosaccharide can be prevented, and the chitosan oligosaccharide can continuously play a role in resisting diseases; the chitosan oligosaccharide modified cationic starch can be adhered to soil, effectively adsorb sulfate ions, chloride ions, carbonate ions and the like with negative charges in saline-alkali soil, reduce the salinity of the soil and be beneficial to the growth of wheat.

The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, mature preparation process, low cost and suitability for popularization and application, and can improve the saline-alkali resistance of wheat and promote the growth of the wheat.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1: a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35kg of copper sulfate, 40kg of zinc sulfate, 0.5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.1kg of coupling agent and 10kg of cationic starch.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing copper sulfate and zinc sulfate, and grinding to obtain material A with the fineness of 100 meshes;

(2) uniformly mixing chitosan oligosaccharide, a coupling agent and cationic starch in a mixer to obtain a material B;

(3) feeding the material A and the material B into a ball mill for ball milling for 10 minutes, and then sieving the materials through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a material C;

(4) and (5) feeding the material C into a mixer to be mixed for 30 minutes to obtain a finished product.

Application test: taking 500g of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of the wheat, adding 5kg of water for dissolving, dressing seeds on 20kg of Shanghai 206 wheat seeds, sowing the wheat after dressing seeds in one mu of saline-alkali test field, and then performing daily management on the wheat in the test field according to a conventional mode; the comparative experiment is one acre of the denghai 206 wheat saline-alkali field not seeded with the complex chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat described in the present example, which is daily managed in a conventional manner.

And (3) test results: after the wheat is mature, the wheat in the test field and the wheat field of the comparative test are respectively harvested and the data are counted, and the specific data are shown in the following table:

example 2: a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40kg of copper sulfate, 42kg of zinc sulfate, 1kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.3kg of coupling agent and 15kg of cationic starch.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing copper sulfate and zinc sulfate, and grinding to obtain material A with the fineness of 120 meshes;

(2) uniformly mixing chitosan oligosaccharide, a coupling agent and cationic starch in a mixer to obtain a material B;

(3) feeding the material A and the material B into a ball mill for ball milling for 20 minutes, and then sieving the materials through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a material C;

(4) and (5) feeding the material C into a mixer to be mixed for 40 minutes to obtain a finished product.

Application test: taking 500g of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of the wheat, adding 5kg of water for dissolving, dressing seeds on 20kg of tobacco growers 999 wheat seeds, sowing the wheat after dressing seeds in one mu of saline-alkali test field, and then performing daily management on the wheat in the test field according to a conventional mode; the comparative experiment is one acre of tobacco grower 999 wheat saline-alkali field which is not mixed with the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of the wheat and is daily managed in a conventional mode.

And (3) test results: after the wheat is mature, the wheat in the test field and the wheat field of the comparative test are respectively harvested and the data are counted, and the specific data are shown in the following table:

example 3: a compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving saline-alkali resistance of wheat is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37.5kg of copper sulfate, 41kg of zinc sulfate, 0.7kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2kg of coupling agent and 12.5kg of cationic starch.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing copper sulfate and zinc sulfate, and grinding to obtain material A with the fineness of 110 meshes;

(2) uniformly mixing chitosan oligosaccharide, a coupling agent and cationic starch in a mixer to obtain a material B;

(3) feeding the material A and the material B into a ball mill for ball milling for 15 minutes, and then sieving the materials through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a material C;

(4) and (5) feeding the material C into a mixer to be mixed for 35 minutes to obtain a finished product.

Application test: taking 500g of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of the wheat, adding 5kg of water for dissolving, dressing seeds on 20kg of wheat seeds of lotus 23, sowing the wheat after dressing seeds in one mu of saline-alkali test field, and then performing daily management on the wheat in the test field according to a conventional mode; the comparative experiment is one mu of wheat saline-alkali field of the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat, which is not seeded in the prior art and is daily managed in a conventional way.

And (3) test results: after the wheat is mature, the wheat in the test field and the wheat field of the comparative test are respectively harvested and the data are counted, and the specific data are shown in the following table:

in the above examples, the growth conditions and yield of wheat in the test field mixed with the compound chitosan oligosaccharide preparation for improving the saline-alkali resistance of wheat are significantly better than those of wheat in the wheat field in the comparative test.

In the above embodiments, the best mode of the present invention has been described, and it is apparent that many changes can be made under the inventive concept of the present invention. It should be noted here that any changes made under the inventive concept of the present invention shall fall within the protective scope of the present invention.