阅读说明：本技术 一种有机虾苗的培育方法 (Method for cultivating organic shrimp larvae ) 是由 陈锚 马士玉 陈晓东 赵延霞 于 2021-02-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种有机虾苗的培育方法,包括如下步骤：改造、平行生产、无节幼体的引入控制、水质处理、虾苗培育,本发明提高了有机虾苗的产量。(A method for cultivating organic shrimp larvae comprises the following steps: the method improves the yield of the organic shrimp larvae, and comprises the steps of transformation, parallel production, introduction control of the nauplii, water quality treatment and shrimp larvae cultivation.)

1. A cultivation method of organic shrimp larvae is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) modification: the primary brine evaporation pond of the seawater salt field which is not cultured originally is transformed into a reservoir of a seedling field, the water storage time is 12 months per year and the water temperature is 0 ℃;

(2) parallel production: all shrimps are carried out according to organic standards, and conventional culture is not allowed in a farm;

(3) introduction control of nauplii: the introduced nauplii are organic nauplii;

(4) feeding: feeding fairy shrimp;

(5) natural illumination is carried out in the whole seedling raising period;

(6) water quality treatment: natural seawater is subjected to precipitation, sand filter filtration, 5-10 PPM effective chlorine disinfection and aeration; pumping water into the culture pond for secondary aeration when the residual chlorine is 0.2-0.3 PPM, and neutralizing the residual chlorine by sodium thiosulfate after 24 hours; before entering the culture pond, a polyester filter bag with the filtering precision of 10 mu m is used for filtering; setting air stones along the edge of the cultivation pool at intervals of 50-80 cm, soaking the air stones in a chlorine-containing disinfectant for 1d, cleaning the air stones, then disinfecting the air stones with potassium permanganate at a concentration of 50-100 mg/L, and washing the air stones with fresh water;

(7) shrimp fry cultivation: a unicellular algae pool: a rotifer pond: fairy shrimp pool: the area ratio of the seedling raising pond is 1:1:1: 5; domestication of larvae: desalting in an incubation pool according to salinity difference between a larva incubation pool and a seedling pool in a parent shrimp workshop to adjust the salinity to be consistent; the density of the larva is 5 ten thousand tails/m^3，Feeding biological baits in the whole process and maintaining the bait density.

Technical Field

The invention relates to aquaculture, in particular to a method for cultivating organic shrimp fries.

Background

China is a big south America white shrimp breeding country, starts to become an important breed for breeding the shrimps in China in 1999, rapidly develops in the three provinces in south, and has become a shrimp breeding breed which is generally popularized in China and has the top yield up to now; the method has the advantages that while the production is developed at a high speed, serious problems of uneven seedling quality, virus carrying, slow growth and the like occur, and the sustainable development of the penaeus vannamei boone breeding industry in China is directly threatened; since 2017, the cultivation success rate of southern Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces is reduced sharply, and the cultivation of northern Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and other provinces in a salt pan special ecological system in the cities of Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and other provinces is raised regardless of cultivation area, yield, success rate and product quality; the area of the salt pan in the east coastal region of China is 505.5 ten thousand mu, which is far larger than the area of 195 ten thousand mu of the seawater culture pond in China; the salinity of the original group of the penaeus vannamei boone is 10-25 per mill optimally, and the salinity of a special ecosystem of a salt pan is only about 10 percent of 25-30 per mill; the salinity is 30-50 per mill and 50-60 percent, and the salinity is 50-65 per mill and about 30 percent; in addition, the area of the general pond of the salt pan is large and varies from hundreds of mu to thousands of mu, and the water level is only 60-70 cm; the growth period in the north is short; the southern small-area pond culture technology is difficult to copy to a special ecosystem of a salt pan; how to improve the culture area and the yield of the penaeus vannamei boone in the special ecosystem of the salt pan by using the culture mode of the special ecosystem of the salt pan is the problem existing at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for cultivating organic shrimp fries, which comprises the following steps:

1. a conversion period:

and (3) taking the organic shrimp larvae of the penaeus vannamei as closed water area larvae, and carrying out conversion in a conversion period according to an organic standard. The primary brine evaporation pond of the seawater salt field which is not cultured originally is transformed.

2. Parallel production:

all shrimp larvae are carried out according to the organic standard, and the conventional breeding is not allowed in a breeding farm.

3. Introduction control of nauplii:

the nauplii introduced should be organic nauplii.

4. Site selection of a seedling raising field:

a) the natural water area beside the water surface of the seedling raising base can not be polluted. The aquatic ecology around the nursery site is balanced with the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems around the nursery site, which is helpful for keeping the biodiversity of the water area

b) The seedling raising area is isolated from the outside by adopting a dam, a production road and a large drainage channel, and is favorable for checking the water quality production environment.

5. The cultivation water quality requirement is as follows:

the water quality must meet the requirements of GB11607 fishery water quality standard.

6. Providing bait:

the organic penaeus vannamei seedling culture method disclosed by the invention can be used for removing and feeding algae, rotifers and artemia (eggs), and does not need to feed any artificial compound feed.

7. Natural illumination is carried out in the whole seedling raising period.

8. Water quality treatment: natural seawater is subjected to precipitation, sand filter filtration, 5-10 PPM effective chlorine disinfection and aeration. Pumping water into the culture pond for secondary aeration when the residual chlorine is 0.2-0.3 PPM (innovation points are that the residual chlorine is brought into the culture pond to prevent vibrio infection of pipeline equipment and the like, and the culture pond is subjected to secondary aeration), and neutralizing the residual chlorine by using sodium thiosulfate after 24 hours. Before entering the culture pond, the culture pond needs to be filtered by a polyester filter bag with the filtering precision of 10 mu m.

Air stones are arranged along the edge of the cultivation pool at intervals of 50-80 cm, chlorine-containing disinfectants are used for soaking for 1d (15 mg/L of available chlorine), and the cultivation pool is cleaned, disinfected by potassium permanganate at a rate of 50-100 mg/L and washed by fresh water.

9. Shrimp fry cultivation: a unicellular algae pool: a rotifer pond: fairy shrimp pool: the area ratio of the seedling raising pond is 1:1:1: 5.

Stocking and domesticating the larvae: and desalting in the hatching pond according to the salinity difference between the larva hatching pond and the seedling raising pond in the parent shrimp workshop to adjust the salinity to be consistent.

Number of larvae: and breeding the same nursery pond for one batch of larvae in the same day.

Larva density: 5 ten thousand tails/m³。

Feeding, namely feeding biological baits in the whole process and maintaining the bait density.

And a Z stage: 1 ten thousand per ml of chaetoceros, 5 to 10 ten thousand per ml of chlorella and 1 to 2 rotifers per ml.

And (3) in the M period: 10-20 ten thousand of chlorella/ml, 2-5 rotifers/ml and 0.1-0.5 fairy shrimp larva/ml.

In the PL stage: in the early juvenile shrimp stage P1-4, 1 fairy shrimp (larva) per ml; the juvenile shrimps P5 are 1-10 brine shrimp (adult) per L.

Water quality regulation and control:

the pH value is 8.2-8.5, and the daily fluctuation is less than 0.2; ammonia nitrogen: is less than 1 mg/L; nitrite in a form of < 0.1mg/L dissolved oxygen: 5-8 mg/L; salinity: 28-32 per mill, daily fluctuation in Z period is less than 1; temperature: 28-32 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. pumping water into the culture pond for secondary aeration, and taking residual chlorine into the culture pond to prevent the infection of vibrio such as pipeline equipment.

2. The introduced nauplii are organic nauplii.

Detailed Description

Example 1

A cultivation method of organic shrimp larvae is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1. modification: the primary brine evaporation pond of the seawater salt field which is not cultured originally is transformed into a reservoir of a seedling field, the water storage time is 12 months per year and the water temperature is 0 ℃;

2. parallel production: all shrimps are carried out according to organic standards, and conventional culture is not allowed in a farm;

3. introduction control of nauplii: the introduced nauplii are organic nauplii;

4. feeding: feeding fairy shrimp and feeding prawn slices in an auxiliary mode;

5. natural illumination is carried out in the whole seedling raising period;

6. water quality treatment: natural seawater is subjected to precipitation, sand filter filtration, 5-10 PPM effective chlorine disinfection and aeration; pumping water into the culture pond for secondary aeration when the residual chlorine is 0.2-0.3 PPM, and neutralizing the residual chlorine by sodium thiosulfate after 24 hours; before entering the culture pond, a polyester filter bag with the filtering precision of 10 mu m is used for filtering; setting air stones along the edge of the cultivation pool at intervals of 50-80 cm, soaking the air stones in a chlorine-containing disinfectant for 1d, cleaning the air stones, then disinfecting the air stones with potassium permanganate at a concentration of 50-100 mg/L, and washing the air stones with fresh water;

7. shrimp fry cultivation: a unicellular algae pool: a rotifer pond: fairy shrimp pool: the area ratio of the seedling raising pond is 1:1:1: 5; domestication of larvae: desalting in an incubation pool according to salinity difference between a larva incubation pool and a seedling pool in a parent shrimp workshop to adjust the salinity to be consistent; the density of the larva is 5 ten thousand tails/m^3，Feeding biological baits in the whole process and maintaining the bait density.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.