阅读说明：本技术 拆卸装置 (Dismounting device ) 是由 饭田康雅 于 2020-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种拆卸装置,其能够容易地从轴上拆卸轴承。拆卸装置(20)具有保持部件(21)、移位部件(22)、爪部件(23)和支承部件(24)。支承部件(24)将爪部件(23)支承为,在保持部件(21)配置于第1位置的状态下,爪部件(23)的末端与第2径部(15)和轴承(11)的边界部分对置。当配置于第1位置的保持部件(21)以远离端面(9a)的方式移位时,支承部件(24)使爪部件(23)移位,以使得爪部件(23)的末端在接近第1径部(14)后接近端面(9a)。(The invention provides a dismounting device which can easily dismount a bearing from a shaft. The detaching device (20) has a holding member (21), a displacement member (22), a claw member (23), and a support member (24). The support member (24) supports the claw member (23) such that the tip of the claw member (23) faces the boundary between the 2 nd diameter section (15) and the bearing (11) when the holding member (21) is disposed at the 1 st position. When the holding member (21) disposed at the 1 st position is displaced so as to be away from the end surface (9a), the support member (24) displaces the claw member (23) so that the tip of the claw member (23) approaches the end surface (9a) after approaching the 1 st diameter section (14).)

1. A removing device for removing a bearing from a shaft having a 1 st diameter portion and a 2 nd diameter portion having a diameter larger than that of the 1 st diameter portion, the bearing being provided to the 1 st diameter portion of the shaft, wherein the removing device has:

a holding member;

a displacement member that displaces the holding member disposed at a 1 st position facing an end surface of the shaft, the end surface being closer to the 1 st diameter part than to the 2 nd diameter part, so as to be away from the end surface;

a claw member; and

a support member provided to the holding member and supporting the claw member,

the support member supports the claw member such that a tip end of the claw member faces a boundary portion between the 2 nd diameter portion and the bearing in a state where the holding member is arranged at the 1 st position,

when the holding member disposed at the 1 st position is displaced so as to be apart from the end surface, the support member displaces the claw member so that the tip approaches the end surface after approaching the 1 st diameter portion.

2. The detachment apparatus of claim 1,

a restricting surface is formed on the claw member, the restricting surface facing an outer peripheral surface of the bearing in a state where the holding member is disposed at the 1 st position,

when the holding member disposed at the 1 st position is displaced so as to be apart from the end surface and the tip approaches the 1 st diameter portion, the restricting surface contacts the bearing before the tip contacts the 1 st diameter portion.

3. The dismounting device according to claim 1 or 2,

the support member is disposed around the shaft in a state where the holding member is disposed at the 1 st position,

a pressing surface is formed on the support member, and the pressing surface is spaced apart from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft as the holding member approaches the end surface in a state where the holding member is disposed at the 1 st position,

the claw member is supported by the support member so as to be displaceable along the pressing surface.

4. The detachment apparatus of claim 3, wherein,

the dismounting device is provided with a plurality of claw components,

the plurality of claw members are arranged at equal intervals around the shaft in a state where the holding member is arranged at the 1 st position.

5. The dismounting device according to claim 1 or 2,

a screw hole is formed in the holding member,

the displacement member is screwed into the threaded hole, and a tip end of the displacement member contacts the end surface in a state where the holding member is disposed at the 1 st position.

6. The dismounting device according to claim 1 or 2,

the shaft is a shaft to which a drive sheave is fixed,

a main rope of an elevator is wound around the drive sheave.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for dismounting a bearing from a shaft.

Background

Patent document 1 describes an elevator apparatus. The elevator apparatus described in patent document 1 includes a hoisting machine in a machine room. The traction machine has a drive sheave. A main rope is wound around the drive sheave. The shaft of the drive sheave is supported by bearings.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2019-11140

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

In most cases, the bearing is positioned by a step formed in the shaft. For example, the shaft has a 1 st diameter portion and a 2 nd diameter portion having a larger diameter than the 1 st diameter portion. The bearing is disposed on the 1 st diameter part and is adjacent to the 2 nd diameter part. In this case, when the amount of the bearing protruding from the 2 nd diameter portion is small, the bearing cannot be pulled out by a commercially available tool, and there is a problem that it is difficult to detach the bearing from the shaft.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. The invention aims to provide a dismounting device which can easily dismount a bearing from a shaft.

Means for solving the problems

The detaching device of the invention comprises: a holding member; a displacement member that displaces the holding member disposed at a 1 st position facing an end surface of the shaft, the end surface being closer to the 1 st diameter section than to the 2 nd diameter section, so as to be away from the end surface; a claw member; and a support member provided to the holding member and supporting the claw member. The support member supports the claw member such that a tip end of the claw member faces a boundary portion between the 2 nd diameter portion and the bearing in a state where the holding member is disposed at the 1 st position. When the holding member disposed at the 1 st position is displaced so as to be away from the end surface, the support member displaces the claw member so that the distal end approaches the end surface after approaching the 1 st diameter portion.

Effects of the invention

By using the dismounting device of the present invention, the bearing can be easily dismounted from the shaft.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an elevator apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a part of the hoisting machine.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a view for explaining a method of disassembling a bearing using a disassembling apparatus.

Fig. 5 is a view for explaining a method of disassembling a bearing using a disassembling apparatus.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the guide member.

Fig. 7 is a view showing a D-D section of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the claw member.

Fig. 9 is a view for explaining a bearing removal step.

Fig. 10 is a view for explaining a bearing removal step.

Fig. 11 is a view for explaining a bearing removal step.

Description of the reference symbols

1: a car; 2: a counterweight; 3: a hoistway; 4: a main rope; 5: a traction machine; 6: a drive sheave; 7: a control device; 8: a machine room; 9: a shaft; 9 a: an end face; 9 b: a central bore; 10: a gear; 11: a bearing; 11 a: an inner ring; 11 b: a roller; 11 c: an outer ring; 12: a bearing; 13: a housing; 14: a 1 st diameter part; 15: a 2 nd diameter part; 15 a: an end face; 16: a 3 rd diameter part; 20: disassembling the device; 21: a holding member; 21 a: a threaded hole; 21 b: a through hole; 21 c: a surface; 22: a displacement member; 23: a claw member; 24: a support member; 25: a bolt; 26: a guide member; 26 a: a through hole; 27: a nut; 28: a nut; 29: a guide plate; 29 a: a surface; 29 b: pressing the face; 29 c: a guide groove; 29 d: a surface; 30: a limiting plate; 31: a bolt; 32: a wedge portion; 32 a: a terminal end; 32 b: a limiting surface; 32c, the ratio of: a bearing surface; 33: a guide section; 34: and (4) connecting the parts.

Detailed Description

The invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Duplicate descriptions are appropriately simplified or omitted. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or equivalent parts.

Embodiment mode 1

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an elevator apparatus. The elevator apparatus has a car 1 and a counterweight 2. The car 1 moves up and down in the hoistway 3. The counterweight 2 moves up and down in the hoistway 3. The car 1 and the counterweight 2 are suspended from a hoistway 3 by a main rope 4.

The main ropes 4 are wound around a drive sheave 6 of the hoisting machine 5. The car 1 moves in accordance with the rotation of the drive sheave 6. The control device 7 controls the rotation and stop of the drive sheave 6. The movement of the car 1 is controlled by the control device 7.

Fig. 1 shows an example in which a hoisting machine 5 and a control device 7 are installed in a machine room 8 above a hoistway 3. The hoisting machine 5 and the control device 7 may be installed in the hoistway 3. When the hoisting machine 5 is installed in the hoistway 3, the hoisting machine 5 may be installed on the ceiling of the hoistway 3 or may be installed in the pit of the hoistway 3.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a part of the hoisting machine 5. Fig. 2 shows a part of the traction machine 5 that supports the drive sheave 6. The hoisting machine 5 includes a shaft 9, a gear 10, a bearing 11, a bearing 12, and a housing 13 in addition to the drive sheave 6.

The drive sheave 6 is fixed to a shaft 9. Fig. 2 shows an example in which the drive sheave 6 is fixed to a portion of the shaft 9 near the end surface 9 a. The gear 10 is fixed to the shaft 9. The rotation of the output shaft of the motor (not shown) of the hoisting machine 5 is transmitted to the gear 10 via a reduction gear (not shown). The gear 10 rotates, whereby the drive sheave 6 rotates via the shaft 9.

The shaft 9 is provided to the housing 13 via a bearing 11 and a bearing 12. A large load acts on the shaft 9 supporting the drive sheave 6. Therefore, as the bearing 11 and the bearing 12, a cylindrical roller bearing is preferably used. As the bearing 11 and the bearing 12, other types of bearings such as a tapered roller bearing may be used.

In the example shown in fig. 2, the shaft 9 has a 1 st diameter portion 14, a 2 nd diameter portion 15, and a 3 rd diameter portion 16. The 2 nd diameter portion 15 is a portion of the shaft 9 having the largest diameter. The 2 nd diameter portion 15 is disposed between the 1 st diameter portion 14 and the 3 rd diameter portion 16. The 1 st diameter section 14 is smaller in diameter than the 2 nd diameter section 15. A step is formed at the boundary between the 1 st diameter part 14 and the 2 nd diameter part 15. Similarly, the 3 rd diameter section 16 is smaller in diameter than the 2 nd diameter section 15. A step is formed at the boundary between the 2 nd diameter part 15 and the 3 rd diameter part 16. Fig. 2 shows an example in which the diameter of the 1 st diameter portion 14 is the same as the diameter of the 3 rd diameter portion 16.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a shown in fig. 2. The bearing 11 is provided on the 1 st diameter part 14 so as to match with a step formed between the 1 st diameter part 14 and the 2 nd diameter part 15. The bearing 11 has an inner ring 11a, rollers 11b, and an outer ring 11 c. The inner race 11a is adjacent to the 2 nd diameter portion 15. The inner ring 11a is provided in the 1 st diameter portion 14 so that a side surface thereof contacts an end surface 15a of the 2 nd diameter portion 15.

The bearing 12 is provided on the 3 rd diameter portion 16 in a manner to match the step formed between the 3 rd diameter portion 16 and the 2 nd diameter portion 15. The inner race of the bearing 12 is adjacent to the 2 nd diameter portion 15. For example, the inner ring of the bearing 12 is provided on the 3 rd diameter portion 16 so that the side surface thereof contacts the other end surface of the 2 nd diameter portion 15.

Next, a dismounting device 20 for dismounting the bearing 11 and the bearing 12 from the shaft 9 will be described. Fig. 4 and 5 are views for explaining a method of disassembling the bearing 11 using the disassembling apparatus 20. Fig. 5 shows a section B-B of fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to the C-C section of fig. 5. Fig. 4 and 5 show a state in which the outer ring 11c and the rollers 11b are detached from the inner ring 11a in advance in order to detach the bearing 11 from the shaft 9. That is, only the inner ring 11a is fixed to the 1 st diameter portion 14. In fig. 4, the shaft 9 is simplified, and a portion of the shaft 9 to which the drive sheave 6 is attached is omitted.

The detaching device 20 has, for example, a holding member 21, a displacement member 22, a claw member 23, and a support member 24.

The holding member 21 is, for example, a disk-shaped member. A screw hole 21a is formed in a central portion of the holding member 21. A plurality of through holes 21b are formed at equal intervals around the screw hole 21a of the holding member 21. Fig. 4 and 5 show an example in which 8 through holes 21b are formed in the holding member 21.

Fig. 4 and 5 show a state in which the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position. The surface 21c of the holding member 21 disposed at the 1 st position faces the end surface 9a of the shaft 9. The end surface 9a is formed on the 2 end surfaces of the shaft 9 and is closer to the 1 st diameter part 14 than to the 2 nd diameter part 15. When the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position, the center axis of the screw hole 21a coincides with the center axis of the shaft 9.

The displacement member 22 is a member for displacing the holding member 21 disposed at the 1 st position along the central axis of the shaft 9 so as to be apart from the end surface 9 a. In the example shown in the present embodiment, the displacement member 22 is a pressing bolt. The displacement member 22 is screwed into the screw hole 21a and supported by the holding member 21. The displacement member 22 protrudes from the surface 21c of the holding member 21. As shown in fig. 4, the tip of the displacement member 22 contacts the end surface 9a of the shaft 9. The shaft 9 is manufactured by, for example, lathe machining. Therefore, a center hole 9b provided during lathe machining is formed in the end surface 9a of the shaft 9. Fig. 4 shows an example in which the tip of the displacement member 22 is disposed in the center hole 9 b.

The support member 24 is provided to the holding member 21. The claw member 23 is supported by the support member 24. In the example shown in the present embodiment, the support member 24 supports 8 claw members 23.

The support member 24 has a plurality of bolts 25 and a guide member 26. For example, the support member 24 has the same number of bolts 25 as the through holes 21b formed in the holding member 21. One end of the bolt 25 passes through the through hole 21b of the holding member 21. The 2 nuts 27 screwed to the bolts 25 sandwich the holding member 21, whereby the bolts 25 are fixed to the holding member 21. The bolt 25 protrudes from the surface 21c of the holding member 21 such that the central axis thereof is parallel to the central axis of the shaft 9. The holding member 21 is attached with 1 bolt 25 for each through hole 21 b.

The guide member 26 is annular as a whole. The guide member 26 has the same number of through holes 26a as the through holes 21b formed in the holding member 21. The other end of the bolt 25 passes through the through hole 26 a. The guide member 26 is fixed to the bolt 25 by the guide member 26 being sandwiched between the 2 nuts 28 screwed to the bolt 25. The guide member 26 has 1 bolt 25 attached to each through hole 26 a. In the state shown in fig. 4 and 5, the shaft 9 penetrates through the center portion of the guide member 26. The guide member 26 is disposed around the shaft 9 so as to face the surface 21c of the holding member 21.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the guide member 26. Fig. 6 shows a front view of the guide member 26. Fig. 7 is a view showing a D-D section of fig. 6. As shown in fig. 4, the guide member 26 supports the claw member 23 such that the tip of the claw member 23 faces the boundary portion between the 2 nd diameter portion 15 and the inner ring 11a in the state where the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position. Further, when the holding member 21 disposed at the 1 st position is displaced so as to be apart from the end surface 9a of the shaft 9, the guide member 26 displaces the claw member 23 so that the tip of the claw member 23 approaches the 1 st diameter portion 14 and then approaches the end surface 9a along the central axis of the shaft 9. In order to achieve such a function, the guide member 26 shown in the present embodiment has a guide plate 29 and a restricting plate 30.

The guide plate 29 is annular as a whole. The guide plate 29 is provided to the holding member 21 by the bolt 25 such that the surface 29a faces the surface 21c of the holding member 21. The guide plate 29 has a pressing surface 29b for pressing the claw member 23. The pressing surface 29b is a bowl-shaped inclined surface whose diameter decreases with distance from the surface 29 a. In the state shown in fig. 4, the pressing surface 29b is disposed so as to be distant from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 9 as approaching the end surface 9a of the shaft 9.

The guide plate 29 supports the claw member 23 so that the claw member 23 can be displaced along the pressing surface 29 b. A guide groove 29c for guiding the displacement of the claw member 23 is formed in the guide plate 29. In the example shown in the present embodiment, since 8 pawl members 23 are supported by the guide plate 29, 8 guide grooves 29c are formed in the guide plate 29. In the state shown in fig. 5, the 8 claw members 23 supported by the guide plate 29 are arranged around the shaft 9 at equal intervals.

The limiting plate 30 is an annular plate member. The restricting plate 30 is fixed to the guide plate 29 by bolts 31. The regulating plate 30 is attached to the guide plate 29 so as to close the guide groove 29c from the surface 29d side of the guide plate 29. Surface 29d faces in a direction opposite to the direction that surface 29a faces. As described above, the claw member 23 is supported by the guide plate 29 so as to be displaceable along the pressing surface 29 b. This displacement of the claw member 23 relative to the guide plate 29 is stopped by the claw member 23 coming into contact with the regulating plate 30.

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the claw member 23. Fig. 8 (a) shows a front view of the claw member 23. Fig. 8 (b) shows a side view of the claw member 23. Fig. 8 (c) shows a bottom view of the claw member 23. When the bearing 11 is removed from the shaft 9, the claw member 23 is actually in contact with the inner race 11 a. The claw member 23 includes, for example, a wedge 32, a guide 33, and a coupling 34.

The wedge 32 is generally fan-shaped. As shown in fig. 8 (b), the distal end portion of the wedge portion 32 has a wedge shape. As shown in fig. 8 (a), a tip 32a of the wedge 32 (synonymous with a tip of the claw member 23) is concavely curved to fit the outer shape of the inner ring 11a of the bearing 11. Further, a restraining surface 32b is formed at a tip end portion of the wedge 32. The limiting surface 32b faces in the same direction as the distal end 32a faces. That is, the restricting surface 32b faces downward when viewed from the front of the claw member 23. In the state shown in fig. 4 and 5 in which the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position, the restricting surface 32b faces the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 11 a.

The wedge portion 32 is formed with a receiving surface 32c for receiving a force from the support member 24. The receiving surface 32c is an inclined surface that is curved in a direction opposite to the direction in which the distal end 32a faces. In the state shown in fig. 4 and 5 in which the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position, the receiving surface 32c faces the pressing surface 29b of the guide plate 29.

The guide portion 33 is a plate-like member. The guide portion 33 is disposed inside the guide groove 29c and moves inside the guide groove 29 c. The wedge 32 and the guide 33 are coupled by a coupling 34. The guide portion 33 and the coupling portion 34 are T-shaped as a whole.

Next, a procedure of removing the bearing 11 by using the removing device 20 will be described with reference to fig. 9 to 11. Fig. 9 to 11 are views for explaining a step of removing the bearing 11. As described above, to remove the bearing 11, first, the outer ring 11c and the rollers 11b are removed from the inner ring 11 a. Then, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the detaching device 20 is attached to the shaft 9.

As described above, in the state shown in fig. 4 and 5, the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position. In a state where the holding member 21 is disposed at the 1 st position, the displacement member 22 protrudes from the holding member 21, and the tip of the displacement member 22 is disposed at the center hole 9 b. The distal end 32a of the wedge 32 of the claw member 23 faces the boundary portion between the 2 nd diameter portion 15 and the inner ring 11 a. At this time, the tip 32a of the wedge 32 is pushed into a minute groove formed by the edge of the 2 nd diameter portion 15 and the edge of the inner ring 11 a.

In the state shown in fig. 4 and 5, when the displacement member 22 is rotated in a specific direction, the holding member 21 is displaced in the direction E so as to be away from the end surface 9a of the shaft 9. The support member 24 provided to the holding member 21 is displaced in the direction E together with the holding member 21. When the support member 24 is displaced in the E direction, the receiving surface 32c of the wedge 32 is pressed by the pressing surface 29b of the guide plate 29. Thereby, the claw member 23 receives a force from the support member 24.

When the support member 24 starts to be displaced in the E direction, the distal end 32a of the wedge 32 is pushed into the boundary between the 2 nd diameter portion 15 and the inner ring 11 a. Therefore, the displacement of the claw member 23 in the E direction is prevented by the inner race 11 a. When the support member 24 is displaced in the E direction and the claw member 23 is pressed by the pressing surface 29b, the claw member 23 is displaced in the F direction so that the tip 32a of the wedge 32 approaches the 1 st diameter portion 14. Fig. 9 shows a state in which the claw member 23 is slightly displaced in the F direction by being pressed by the support member 24. The claw member 23 is displaced in the F direction, whereby the inner race 11a is pressed by the wedge portion 32 and displaced in the E direction. In the state shown in fig. 9, the tip 32a of the wedge 32 is disposed in the space formed between the end surface 15a of the 2 nd diameter portion 15 and the inner ring 11 a.

Fig. 10 shows a state in which the claw member 23 is further pushed in the F direction from the state shown in fig. 9. When the displacement member 22 is rotated in a specific direction to displace the holding member 21 by a predetermined distance in the E direction, the regulating surface 32b comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 11 a. At this time, the distal end 32a of the wedge 32 does not reach the outer peripheral surface of the 1 st diameter portion 14. The restricting surface 32b contacts the inner ring 11a before the tip 32a contacts the 1 st diameter portion 14, thereby preventing the claw member 23 from being pressed against the shaft 9.

In the state shown in fig. 10, the claw member 23 is in contact with the restricting plate 30. Therefore, when the holding member 21 moves in the E direction from the state shown in fig. 10, the claw member 23 is pressed by the regulating plate 30 and displaced in the E direction. Thereby, the inner ring 11a is pressed by the claw member 23 and moved in the E direction. Fig. 11 shows a state in which the inner ring 11a is further moved in the E direction from the state shown in fig. 10 and the inner ring 11a is pulled out from the shaft 9.

By using the dismounting device 20 shown in the present embodiment, the bearing 11 provided on the shaft 9 can be easily dismounted. That is, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the worker may attach the detaching device 20 to the shaft 9 and then rotate the displacement member 22 in the specific direction. Immediately after the dismounting device 20 is mounted on the shaft 9, the displacement member 22 is rotated, whereby the tip end of the claw member 23 is pushed into between the 2 nd diameter portion 15 and the inner ring 11 a. Therefore, even when the inner ring 11a hardly protrudes from the 2 nd diameter portion 15, the distal end 32a of the wedge portion 32 can be hooked on the inner ring 11 a. Further, after the claw members 23 come into contact with the restricting plate 30, the inner ring 11a can be moved in the axial direction of the shaft 9 by rotating the displacement member 22. The operator can detach the bearing 11 from the shaft 9 by continuing the same operation of rotating the displacement member 22.

In an elevator apparatus, a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing is often used as a bearing 11 for supporting the shaft 9 of the drive sheave 6. When such a bearing is used, it is difficult to form a step between the inner ring 11a and the 2 nd diameter portion 15, and it is difficult to pull out the inner ring 11a using a commercially available tool. The dismounting device 20 according to the present embodiment can be a particularly effective means for dismounting the bearing 11 supporting the shaft 9 of the drive sheave 6, for example, when modifying an elevator apparatus.

In the present embodiment, an example in which the outer ring 11c and the rollers 11b are detached from the inner ring 11a in advance when the detaching device 20 is used is described. This is an example. The work of detaching the outer ring 11c and the rollers 11b from the inner ring 11a may be performed as needed.