阅读说明：本技术 一种光学发动机中的活塞顶端的透明活塞头及其使用方法 (Transparent piston head at top end of piston in optical engine and using method thereof ) 是由 王洋 周小虎 张健 刘龙 张琦 曹群 周佳颖 周慧东 于 2021-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种光学发动机中的活塞顶端的透明活塞头及其使用方法,该活塞头的活塞头固连于活塞头套基座的上方,活塞头包括活塞头套和弧形石英玻璃,活塞头套内包有弧形石英玻璃,弧形石英玻璃的顶部呈凸型,活塞头套顶面为环形的凹坑,与弧形石英玻璃配合形成活塞顶面,活塞顶面与汽缸盖配合形成碗型或者ω型的燃烧室；弧形石英玻璃下方与活塞头套基座配合处装有垫片,垫片的厚度能够更换调节。解决了目前光学发动机难以实现对ω型或者碗型的较大异型的燃烧室进行模拟,用户自行改变压缩比相对困难的技术问题,本发明可以实现多变的活塞顶面,以满足用户研究燃烧室的不同形状对燃料燃烧影响；且活塞头可以灵活的调节发动机的压缩比。(The invention provides a transparent piston head at the top end of a piston in an optical engine and a use method thereof, wherein the piston head of the piston head is fixedly connected above a piston head sleeve base and comprises a piston head sleeve and arc-shaped quartz glass, the arc-shaped quartz glass is wrapped in the piston head sleeve, the top of the arc-shaped quartz glass is convex, the top surface of the piston head sleeve is an annular concave pit and is matched with the arc-shaped quartz glass to form a piston top surface, and the piston top surface is matched with a cylinder cover to form a bowl-shaped or omega-shaped combustion chamber; the gasket is arranged at the position, matched with the piston head sleeve base, below the arc-shaped quartz glass, and the thickness of the gasket can be changed and adjusted. The invention solves the technical problems that the prior optical engine is difficult to realize the simulation of an omega-shaped or bowl-shaped large special-shaped combustion chamber and the self change of the compression ratio by a user is relatively difficult, and can realize the changeable top surface of the piston so as to meet the requirement of the user on researching the influence of different shapes of the combustion chamber on the combustion of fuel; and the piston head can flexibly adjust the compression ratio of the engine.)

1. The transparent piston head at the top end of a piston in an optical engine is characterized by comprising a piston head sleeve base (1), a gasket, a piston head and arc-shaped quartz glass (5), wherein the piston head is fixedly connected above the piston head sleeve base (1), the piston head comprises a piston head sleeve and the arc-shaped quartz glass (5), the arc-shaped quartz glass (5) is wrapped in the piston head sleeve, the top of the arc-shaped quartz glass (5) is convex, the top surface of the piston head sleeve is an annular concave pit and is matched with the arc-shaped quartz glass (5) to form a piston top surface, and the piston top surface is matched with a cylinder cover to form a bowl-shaped or omega-shaped combustion chamber; the gasket is arranged at the position, matched with the piston head sleeve base (1), below the arc-shaped quartz glass (5), and the thickness of the gasket can be changed and adjusted.

2. The transparent piston head for the piston top end in an optical engine according to claim 1, characterized in that said piston head cover comprises a shallow omega-type piston head cover (4) and a deep omega-type piston head cover (6).

3. The transparent piston head for the piston top end in an optical engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the shims comprise a thin shim (3) and a thick shim (7), the thin shim (3) being used when a shallow omega-type piston head sleeve (4) is applied and the thick shim (7) being used when a deep omega-type piston head sleeve (6) is applied.

4. The transparent piston head for the piston top end in the optical engine according to claim 1, wherein an O-ring, a support ring or a cushion pad is added at the joint of the curved quartz glass (5) and the piston head cover to prevent the curved quartz glass (5) from directly contacting with the piston head cover to cause the quartz glass to be broken.

5. The transparent piston head of the piston top end in the optical engine according to claim 1, wherein the transparent piston head of the piston top end in the optical engine further comprises a fastening bolt (2), the fastening bolt (2) is used for connecting the piston head sleeve and the piston head sleeve base (1), and the depth of screwing the fastening bolt (2) into the piston head sleeve is determined by the thickness of the gasket below the arc-shaped quartz glass (5).

6. Use of a transparent piston head for a piston head in an optical engine according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) the piston head is installed: firstly, installing a sealing O-shaped ring, a supporting ring or a cushion pad in the hollow area in the piston head sleeve; then, installing the arc quartz glass (5) in the hollow area inside the piston head sleeve and fixing;

(2) installation of piston head and piston head cover base (1): a thin gasket (3) is arranged above a piston head sleeve base (1), then a shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve (4) provided with arc quartz glass (5) is arranged on the piston head sleeve base (1), the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve (4) is connected and screwed with the piston head sleeve base (1) through a fastening bolt (2), and the installation is finished.

(3) Changing the shape of the combustion chamber: replacing the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve (4) with the deep omega-shaped piston head sleeve (6);

(4) changing the volume of the combustion chamber: the thin gasket (3) is replaced by a thick gasket (7).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transparent piston head at the top end of a piston in an optical engine and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of internal combustion engine testing.

Background

At present, with the stricter emission requirements of countries in the world and the improvement of environmental awareness of people, the development of efficient and clean internal combustion engines is more and more emphasized. The combustion process of an internal combustion engine is a very complex physical and chemical process, including fuel injection, atomization, mixing, ignition, etc. In order to improve the fuel utilization and the thermal efficiency of the engine, it is necessary to have sufficient knowledge of the internal combustion process of the fuel in the engine. The piston top of the existing optical engine is a plane type or a slightly concave type, so that the omega type or bowl type large special-shaped combustion chamber is difficult to simulate. In addition, the compression ratio of the traditional optical engine is fixed after the traditional optical engine leaves the factory, and the user can change the compression ratio by himself or herself, so that the compression ratio is difficult to change.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the piston top of the prior optical engine mentioned in the background art is a plane type or a slightly concave type, and the omega type or bowl type combustion chamber with a large special shape is difficult to simulate; in addition, the compression ratio of the traditional optical engine is fixed after leaving the factory, and the technical problem that the compression ratio is difficult to change by a user is solved, the transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine and the use method thereof are provided, and the changeable top surface of the piston can be realized, so that the requirement of the user on researching the influence of different shapes of a combustion chamber on fuel combustion is met; secondly, the piston head of the invention can flexibly adjust the compression ratio of the engine, and a user can conveniently and quickly set the required compression ratio value.

The invention provides a transparent piston head at the top end of a piston in an optical engine, which comprises a piston head sleeve base, a gasket, a piston head and arc-shaped quartz glass, wherein the piston head is fixedly connected above the piston head sleeve base and comprises a piston head sleeve and the arc-shaped quartz glass; a gasket is arranged at the position, matched with the piston head sleeve base, below the arc-shaped quartz glass, and the thickness of the gasket can be changed and adjusted.

Preferably, the piston head sleeve comprises a shallow omega-type piston head sleeve and a deep omega-type piston head sleeve.

Preferably, the shims include a thin shim used when a shallow omega-type piston head sleeve is used and a thick shim used when a deep omega-type piston head sleeve is used.

Preferably, an O-shaped sealing ring, a support ring or a cushion pad is additionally arranged at the matching part of the arc-shaped quartz glass and the piston head sleeve, so that the arc-shaped quartz glass is prevented from being directly contacted with the piston head sleeve to cause the quartz glass to be cracked.

Preferably, the transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine further comprises a fastening bolt for connecting the piston head sleeve and the piston head sleeve base, and the depth of screwing the fastening bolt into the piston head sleeve is determined by the thickness of the gasket below the arc-shaped quartz glass.

The use method of the transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) the piston head is installed: firstly, installing a sealing O-shaped ring, a supporting ring or a cushion pad in the hollow area in the piston head sleeve; then, installing arc quartz glass in the hollow area inside the piston head sleeve and fixing;

(2) installation of piston head and piston head sleeve base: and a thin gasket is arranged above the piston head sleeve base, then the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve provided with the arc quartz glass is arranged on the piston head base, the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve is connected and screwed with the piston head base by a fastening bolt, and the installation is finished.

(3) Changing the shape of the combustion chamber: replacing the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve with the deep omega-shaped piston head sleeve;

(4) changing the volume of the combustion chamber: the thin shim is replaced with a thick shim.

The transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine and the using method thereof have the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention solves the problem that the optical engine can not carry out an experiment for exploring the influence of a bowl-shaped or omega-shaped combustion chamber and the like on fuel combustion.

2. The invention can change the structure of the combustion chamber by replacing piston head sleeves or piston heads with different pit shapes, and can meet the requirement of a user on researching the influence of different combustion chamber shapes on fuel combustion.

3. The invention can change the length of the piston by replacing the gaskets with different thicknesses, thereby changing the volume of the combustion chamber, namely changing the compression ratio of the engine, and meeting the requirement of a user on researching the influence of different compression ratios on fuel combustion.

4. The arc quartz glass used in the design of the invention is convex, which can reduce the stress concentration when the quartz glass is pressed and the influence of the fuel carbonization attachment on the optical observation, and improve the safety and stability of the operation.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a transparent piston head at the top end of a piston in an optical engine according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view II (deep omega type) of the structure of the transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine according to the present invention;

the piston head cover comprises a piston head cover base 1, a fastening bolt 2, a thin gasket 3, a shallow omega-shaped piston head cover 4, arc quartz glass 5, a deep omega-shaped piston head cover 6 and a thick gasket 7.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:

the first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is explained with reference to fig. 1-2. The transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine comprises a piston head sleeve base 1, a gasket, a piston head and arc-shaped quartz glass 5, wherein the piston head is fixedly connected above the piston head sleeve base 1 and comprises a piston head sleeve and the arc-shaped quartz glass 5, the arc-shaped quartz glass 5 is wrapped in the piston head sleeve, the top of the arc-shaped quartz glass 5 is convex, the top surface of the piston head sleeve is an annular concave pit and is matched with the arc-shaped quartz glass 5 to form a piston top surface, and the piston top surface is matched with a cylinder cover to form a bowl-shaped or omega-shaped combustion chamber; and a gasket is arranged at the matching part of the lower part of the arc quartz glass 5 and the piston head sleeve base 1, and the thickness of the gasket can be changed and adjusted.

The piston head sleeve comprises a shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve 4 and a deep omega-shaped piston head sleeve 6.

The shim comprises a thin shim 3 and a thick shim 7, the thin shim 3 being used when a shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve 4 is applied, and the thick shim 7 being used when a deep omega-shaped piston head sleeve 6 is applied.

An O-shaped sealing ring, a supporting ring or a cushion pad are additionally arranged at the matching part of the arc-shaped quartz glass 5 and the piston head sleeve, so that the arc-shaped quartz glass 5 is prevented from directly contacting with the piston head sleeve to cause the quartz glass to be cracked.

The transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine further comprises a fastening bolt 2, the fastening bolt 2 is used for connecting the piston head sleeve with the piston head sleeve base 1, and the depth of screwing the fastening bolt 2 into the piston head sleeve is determined by the thickness of a gasket below the arc-shaped quartz glass 5.

The piston head base 1 is a structure that the upper end of a piston crank connecting rod is connected with a piston head sleeve in a matching way.

The top surface of the piston receives the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber. The shape of the top surface is determined by the concave pit at the top end of the piston head sleeve and the arc quartz glass 5. Therefore, the bowl-shaped or omega-shaped combustion chamber with different depths and shapes can be formed by matching the top surface pits with different shapes and the arc quartz glass 5 with the cylinder cover.

The arc quartz glass 5 is matched with the piston head sleeve, and an O-shaped sealing ring, a supporting ring, a buffering pad and the like are additionally arranged at the matched part, so that the arc quartz glass 5 is prevented from directly contacting with the piston head sleeve to cause the quartz glass to be cracked.

The fastening bolt 2 is used for connecting the piston head cover and the piston head cover base 1 and has a certain length. The depth of screwing the bolt into the piston head sleeve is determined by the thickness of the gasket below the arc-shaped quartz glass 5. The reduction of the screwing depth can lead to the existence of a gap between the piston head and the piston head base, and the length of the piston needs to be added with the width of the gap, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the volume of the combustion chamber. Therefore, gaskets with different thicknesses are additionally arranged below the arc-shaped quartz glass 5, the position of the top surface of the piston at the top dead center can be adjusted, the volume of a combustion chamber formed by the top surface of the piston head and the cylinder cover is changed, and the compression ratio of the engine is controlled.

The use method of the transparent piston head at the top end of the piston in the optical engine specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) the piston head is installed: firstly, installing a sealing O-shaped ring, a support ring, a cushion pad and the like in an inner hollow area of the piston head sleeve 4; then, an arc-shaped quartz glass 5 is attached to the inner hollow region of the piston head cover 4 and fixed.

(2) Installation of piston head and skirt: and (3) installing a gasket 3 above the piston head base 1, then installing a shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve 4 with the installed arc-shaped quartz glass 5 on the piston head base 1, connecting the piston head with the piston head base 1 by using a fastening bolt 2, screwing and finishing the installation.

(3) Changing the shape of the combustion chamber: the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve 4 in the example illustration is replaced. For example, the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve 4 is replaced by the deep omega-shaped piston head sleeve 6. Further, the shape of the arc-shaped quartz glass 5 may also be changed.

(4) Changing the volume of the combustion chamber: the shim 3 is replaced by a shim (thick) 7 in the illustration; the shallow omega-shaped piston head sleeve 4 is connected with the piston head base 1 by a fastening bolt 2 and is screwed tightly. At this time, the shallow ω -type piston head cover 4 is engaged with the piston head cover base 1 as shown in fig. 2. The increased length of the piston head is the difference between the gap width in figure 2 and the gap width in figure 1.

The above-mentioned embodiments further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and that the reasonable combination of the features described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.